Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Management and Operations (144)
- Business (117)
- Operations and Supply Chain Management (78)
- Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering (73)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (50)
-
- Operational Research (48)
- Computer Sciences (29)
- Aviation Safety and Security (20)
- Aerospace Engineering (18)
- Maintenance Technology (18)
- Graphics and Human Computer Interfaces (15)
- Human Resources Management (14)
- Finance and Financial Management (12)
- Statistics and Probability (12)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (10)
- Aviation and Space Education (7)
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (7)
- Other Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering (6)
- Systems Engineering (6)
- Navigation, Guidance, Control and Dynamics (5)
- Risk Analysis (5)
- Training and Development (5)
- Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (4)
- Civil and Environmental Engineering (4)
- Computer Engineering (4)
- Data Science (4)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (4)
- Survival Analysis (4)
- Keyword
-
- Military airplanes (20)
- Aircraft maintenance (12)
- Military aircraft (11)
- Scheduling (11)
- Military airplanes--Maintenance and repair (8)
-
- Military airlift (7)
- Aerial refueling (6)
- Aircraft availability (6)
- F-16 (Jet fighter plane) (6)
- Flight simulators (6)
- Logistics--Management (6)
- Aeromedical evacuation (5)
- Computer vision (5)
- Flight crews (5)
- Life cycle costing (5)
- Logistics (5)
- Virtual reality (5)
- Airplanes--Maintenance and repair (4)
- Airplanes--Piloting (4)
- Cargo handling (4)
- Cost analysis (4)
- Decision support systems (4)
- Linear programming (4)
- Maintenance (4)
- Regression (4)
- Reinforcement learning (4)
- Simulation (4)
- Airlift (3)
- Airlift operations (3)
- Airplanes (3)
- Publication Year
- Publication Type
Articles 121 - 150 of 353
Full-Text Articles in Aviation
Jet Propellant 8 Versus Alternative Jet Fuels, Peter Feng, Wayne C. Kinsel, Alfred E. Thal Jr., Charles A. Bleckmann
Jet Propellant 8 Versus Alternative Jet Fuels, Peter Feng, Wayne C. Kinsel, Alfred E. Thal Jr., Charles A. Bleckmann
Faculty Publications
The Air Force is the largest user of jet fuel in the Department of Defense DOD, consuming 2.4 billion gallons per year. In light of environmental impacts associated with using nonrenewable fuel sources and national security concerns regarding dependency on foreign oil, it is no surprise that the United States is paying more attention to alternative fuels. Both DOD and Air Force energy strategies address the need to develop and produce such fuels. The DOD has made a commitment to energy security, establishing an energy initiative that strives to modernize infrastructure, increase utility and energy conservation, enhance demand reduction, and …
Achieving The Air Force’S Energy Vision, Frederick G. Harmon, Richard D. Branam, Doral E. Sandlin
Achieving The Air Force’S Energy Vision, Frederick G. Harmon, Richard D. Branam, Doral E. Sandlin
Faculty Publications
The US Air Force is the largest consumer of energy in the federal government, spending 9 billion in 2008 to fuel aircraft and ground vehicles as well as provide energy to installations.1 In that same year, the Air Force s fuel bill of 7 billion amounted to more than half of the US government s total fuel cost.2 Because of the critical and central role that energy plays in completion of the Air Force’s mission, the secretary of the Air Force has developed an Air Force energy plan supported by three pillars Reduce Demand, Increase Supply, and Culture …
Depot-Level Simulation And Multivariate Analysis On B-1 High Velocity Maintenance, Florence K. Yee
Depot-Level Simulation And Multivariate Analysis On B-1 High Velocity Maintenance, Florence K. Yee
Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this thesis is to gain insights on the B-1B depot maintenance operations, with a focus on direct maintenance hours or burn rate, under the implementation of High Velocity Maintenance (HVM). Based on historical depot maintenance data and the current B-1 depot HVM prototype data, a discrete-event simulation model is developed using Arena 12.0. Some United States Air Force supply chain influences, such as manning levels and kitting characteristics of the B-1 depot operations, are incorporated in our models as design factors. The model captures the stochastic nature of 30 HVM tasks performed on one B-1 aircraft in …
Composite Aircraft Life Cycle Cost Estimating Model, Daniel B. Lambert
Composite Aircraft Life Cycle Cost Estimating Model, Daniel B. Lambert
Theses and Dissertations
Composite materials are beginning to comprise a greater percentage of structural materials used throughout aircraft production. The increased usage of composites has led individuals within the Air Force community to revisit aircraft life cycle cost, LCC, models. A series of affordability initiatives has culminated in significant evidence over the last decade to better quantify the impact of primarily composite structures in aircraft. The Advanced Composite Cargo Aircraft, ACCA, a research effort sponsored by the Air Force Research Lab, attempted to determine the impact of part size and large scale composite components on LCC for cargo aircraft. This research evaluates the …
Characterization Of Graphite Composite Material Particulates From Usaf Aircraft Maintenance Operations, Richard E. Yon
Characterization Of Graphite Composite Material Particulates From Usaf Aircraft Maintenance Operations, Richard E. Yon
Theses and Dissertations
Due to the benefits of their material properties, advanced composite materials (ACM) are increasingly being used as structural components on aircraft, especially within the United States Air Force. As a result, the potential exists for occupational exposures to structural maintenance employees while repairing and fabricating aircraft components. Two field studies were conducted for this thesis in order to characterize ACM aerosol size distribution, determine the feasibility of utilizing direct reading instruments (DRIs) in the field, and ensure workers are protected with adequate controls. In order to characterize exposure, traditional integrated air sampling and DRIs were positioned together near an ACM …
Simulation Modeling And Analysis Of Tnmcs For The B-1 Strategic Bomber, Carl R. Parson
Simulation Modeling And Analysis Of Tnmcs For The B-1 Strategic Bomber, Carl R. Parson
Theses and Dissertations
Simulation provides a method of modeling complex systems which would otherwise be impractical for quantitative experimentation. While other analytic techniques have been used to explore Total Non-Mission Capable [due to] Supply (TNMCS) rates, simulation offers a novel approach to discovering what aspects of the supply chain impact this metric. This research develops a discrete event simulation to investigate factors which affect TNMCS rates for the B-1B by modeling the core processes within the Air Force (AF) supply chain. A notional fleet of 16 aircraft at a single air base (Ellsworth AFB, SD) is modeled based on historical supply and maintenance …
Cyber This, Cyber That...So What?, Eric D. Trias, Bryan Bell
Cyber This, Cyber That...So What?, Eric D. Trias, Bryan Bell
Faculty Publications
This article endorses the idea that cyber operations may be conducted in all war-fighting domains: air, space, cyberspace, land, and sea. In addition, despite the immaturity of cyberspace operational doctrines, the doctrines from air and space remain relevant and applicable to the cyberspace domain. Cyber operations are just another set of tools in the commander's toolbox. Although cyber operations have distinct ways of achieving effects, from an Air Force perspective they are similar too the air and space operations that support air and space (and cyberspace) functions. Known and established cyber operations provide war fighters with viable options to kinetic …
A Simulation Based Methodology To Examine The B-1b'S An/Alq-161 Maintenance Process, Ricardo R. Garza
A Simulation Based Methodology To Examine The B-1b'S An/Alq-161 Maintenance Process, Ricardo R. Garza
Theses and Dissertations
The B-1 Bomber is the Air Force’s only supersonic, conventional-only strike platform. This thesis looks at the maintenance procedures associated with the defensive electronic counter measure (ECM) system on the B-1B, designated the AN/ALQ-161. Computer simulation of the current line-replaceable-unit maintenance network for Ellsworth AFB and Dyess AFB is modeled. In addition, two hypothetical repair networks are proposed and analyzed. This research considers the applicability of this type of computer simulation, using ARENA software to study the AN/ALQ-161 repair system. The contribution of this research is a discrete simulation methodology specific to the AN/ALQ-161 LRU repair line. Two response variables …
Simulation Analysis Of High Velocity Maintenance For The B-1b, Anson R. Park
Simulation Analysis Of High Velocity Maintenance For The B-1b, Anson R. Park
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis explores the impact that High Velocity Maintenance (HVM) will have on aircraft availability rates for the B-1B by examining the proposed changes to the field maintenance and supply processes for the two B-1B squadrons of the 28th Bombardment Wing located at Ellsworth AFB, SD. There is a significant restructuring of depot level maintenance planned with the implementation of HVM, and the impact that this will have on base-level operations is important to determine, for it will provide insight as to whether or not HVM will be a feasible program with a high probability of successfully improving B-1B aircraft …
Fuel Efficiency Assessment With Dea, Evren Kiymaz
Fuel Efficiency Assessment With Dea, Evren Kiymaz
Theses and Dissertations
In this study, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used to calculate Air Mobility Command (AMC) airlift fuel efficiency for C-17 aircraft. Fuel is a strategic asset for the United States Air Force and suitable alternatives are not yet feasible or available in the quantity required. The Air Force is pursuing several initiatives to conserve energy and operate more efficiently while sustaining the same level of effectiveness and safety. In order to manage these initiatives, it must measure how well it is doing. To measure airlift efficiency, the AMC Fuel Efficiency Office established a 7 factor weighted Fuel Efficiency Index (FEI). …
An Exploration Of The Effects Of Maintenance Manning On Combat Mission Readiness Utilizing Agent Based Modeling, Adam S. Mackenzie
An Exploration Of The Effects Of Maintenance Manning On Combat Mission Readiness Utilizing Agent Based Modeling, Adam S. Mackenzie
Theses and Dissertations
Agent based models have been shown to be powerful tools in describing processes and systems centered on individual behaviors and local interactions (i.e. “bottom-up”) between specific entities. Current application areas tend to be focused within the business and social science arenas, although their usefulness has been demonstrated in the modeling of various chemistry and physics-based systems. Conversely, many highly process-oriented systems, such as manufacturing environments, tend to be modeled via “top-down” methods, including discrete or continuous event simulations among others. As a result, potentially critical attributes of the entities or resources modeled with these methods (spatial properties, “learning curve” or …
Changes In Structural Health Monitoring System Capability Due To Aircraft Environmental Factors, Jeffrey D. Kuhn
Changes In Structural Health Monitoring System Capability Due To Aircraft Environmental Factors, Jeffrey D. Kuhn
Theses and Dissertations
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) promises to decrease the maintenance cost and increase the availability of aging aircraft fleets by fundamentally changing the way structural inspections are performed. But this promise can only be realized through the consistent and predictable performance of a SHM system throughout the entire remaining life of an aircraft. In a sensor-based SHM system, sensor signal changes are analyzed and interpreted to identify structural flaws. But aircraft environmental factors such as temperature fluctuations, cyclic strain and exposure to various aircraft fluids also have the potential to change SHM sensor signals, raising questions about long term SHM system …
Evaluation Of Air Force Aircraft Maintenance Metrics For Integration Into The Expeditionary Combat Support System, Brian D. Waller
Evaluation Of Air Force Aircraft Maintenance Metrics For Integration Into The Expeditionary Combat Support System, Brian D. Waller
Theses and Dissertations
All organizations face the continuous challenge of a dynamic and ever-changing operations environment. They must adapt to new paradigms quickly or end up on the road to obsolescence. Never has this been truer for the U.S. Air Force than in the 21st century. The logistics organization of the Air Force supports a worldwide, 24/7 operation, executing the national directive of US Policy. Past logistics operation policies have now been proven to no longer be sufficient to meet the needs of the war-fighter. Shrinking budgets, aging equipment, and the austere, disparate operating locations demand sweeping changes in how the logistic machine …
Simulation Modeling Of The C-5 Galaxy High Velocity Regionalized Isochronal (Hvriso) Inspection Concept, Theodore K. Heiman
Simulation Modeling Of The C-5 Galaxy High Velocity Regionalized Isochronal (Hvriso) Inspection Concept, Theodore K. Heiman
Theses and Dissertations
Faced with eroding budgets, Air Mobility Command (AMC) is confronted with implementing simultaneous changes to its isochronal (ISO) inspection process for C-5 aircraft. C-5 inspection criteria will use a Maintenance Steering Group-3 (MSG-3) approach beginning in October, 2009. MSG-3 has been used successfully in civilian aviation since 1980 and AMC hopes to produce similar results. AMC is also consolidating the four docks presently in use to three high-velocity regionalized isochronal (HVRISO) docks. Centralized scheduling by AMC should utilize a dock selection method that minimizes both processing time and queue time when arriving aircraft cannot be immediately inducted into the servicing …
An Advanced Tabu Search Approach To Solving The Mixed Payload Airlift Load Planning Problem, Robert Larry Nance
An Advanced Tabu Search Approach To Solving The Mixed Payload Airlift Load Planning Problem, Robert Larry Nance
Theses and Dissertations
This paper presents a new tabu search based two-dimensional bin packing algorithm which produces high quality solutions to the Mixed Payload Airlift Load Planning (MPALP) problem using C-5 and C-17 aircraft. This algorithm, called Mixed Payload Airlift Load Planning Tabu Search (MPALPTS), surpasses previous research conducted in this area because, in addition to pure pallet cargo loads, MPALPTS can accommodate rolling stock cargo (i.e. tanks, trucks, HMMMVs, etc.) while still maintaining aircraft feasibility with respect to aircraft center of balance, mandatory cargo separations, aircraft floor structural limitations, etc. Furthermore, while this research is currently restricted to C-5 and C-17 aircraft, …
Assessing Structural Health Monitoring Alternatives Utilizing A Value-Focused Thinking Model, Margaret A. Barker, Fatih S. Gurbuz, Jeremy A. Schroeder
Assessing Structural Health Monitoring Alternatives Utilizing A Value-Focused Thinking Model, Margaret A. Barker, Fatih S. Gurbuz, Jeremy A. Schroeder
Theses and Dissertations
Current Air Force operations are undergoing significant changes necessitated by increasing fiscal constraints, increasing aircraft age, and recent drawdown in personnel to perform maintenance, repair, and other necessary functions. In order to deal with these challenges, the Air Force must effectively improve current operations. This paper explores potential structural health monitoring (SHM) solutions to some of the challenges facing aircraft maintenance and repair operations. As with any problem, a variety of solutions exist and this paper explores the potential solutions and limitations of various options. Aircraft SHM is an intriguing concept with potential capability to revolutionize current Air Force maintenance …
Modernizing A Preventive Maintenance Strategy For Facility And Infrastructure Maintenance, Ross E. Dotzlaf
Modernizing A Preventive Maintenance Strategy For Facility And Infrastructure Maintenance, Ross E. Dotzlaf
Theses and Dissertations
Preventive maintenance (PM) is defined as regularly scheduled maintenance actions based on average failure rates. A properly implemented PM strategy can provide many benefits to an organization in terms of extending equipment life, optimizing resource expenditures, and balancing work schedules. Periodic evaluation of a PM strategy can help identify ways to improve efficiencies and maximize effectiveness. This research effort was accomplished by performing a case study of the United States Air Force’s infrastructure and facility PM program known as the Recurring Work Program (RWP). The methodology consisted of two phases. The first phase, intended to develop an understanding of the …
Maximizing Warfighter Capability Using Surveyed Necessity Measurement: Application To The Usaf F-15c Fleet, John M. Colombi, David R. Jacques, Dennis D. Strouble
Maximizing Warfighter Capability Using Surveyed Necessity Measurement: Application To The Usaf F-15c Fleet, John M. Colombi, David R. Jacques, Dennis D. Strouble
Faculty Publications
Within the Department of Defense, with changing missions to counter dynamic and asymmetrical threats, the acquisition workforce strives to maximize capability for joint warfighting. How acquisition professionals measure and select capability improvements for the nation’s weapon systems is a perpetual challenge, made even more complex with constrained defense budgets. This study identifies a method for determining which upgrades should be purchased (production) for which aircraft in the F- 15C fleet by optimizing a capability proxy measure. Each upgrade’s “necessity” for a given mission area was obtained by conducting a survey of over 250 experienced F-15C pilots. The solution presented in …
Robust Aircraft Squadron Scheduling In The Face Of Absenteeism, Osman Bahadir Gokcen
Robust Aircraft Squadron Scheduling In The Face Of Absenteeism, Osman Bahadir Gokcen
Theses and Dissertations
Air Force fighter aircraft squadrons the world over share a unique problem. Each requires complex training schedules coupling aircraft to pilots, the duo to missions and airspaces, and then the entire combination to a feasible time slot. Creating daily and weekly flight schedules that include shifts around the clock every day of the year with a set number of pilots is a time consuming job for manual schedulers within a squadron. Complicating matters is absenteeism. If one or more pilots are unable to perform their previously assigned tasks, due to sickness, aircraft failure, or reassignment, those tasks must be performed …
Simulated Multi-Echelon Readiness-Based Inventory Leveling With Lateral Resupply, Todd C. Burnworth
Simulated Multi-Echelon Readiness-Based Inventory Leveling With Lateral Resupply, Todd C. Burnworth
Theses and Dissertations
For the past fifty years, U.S. Air Force reparable inventory has been allocated based on an analytic model developed by Dr. Craig C. Sherbrooke. Although versions of his model can be implemented easily with the help of a computer, the analytic approach fundamentally lacks the flexibility to address numerous logistics issues. This body of research will offer a novel alternative approach that will enable researchers to investigate currently unsolved logistics problems such as quantifying the benefits of lateral resupply.
Air Mobility Command's En Route Support Infrastructure: A Construct Of Aircraft Type And Geographic Location Utilized To Assess En Route Aircraft Logistics Support, Robert D. Polomsky
Air Mobility Command's En Route Support Infrastructure: A Construct Of Aircraft Type And Geographic Location Utilized To Assess En Route Aircraft Logistics Support, Robert D. Polomsky
Theses and Dissertations
The ability of the United States Armed Forces to maintain a global presence and rapidly project military power anywhere in the world are key factors in preserving our freedom. To accomplish the demanding task of global reach support, Air Mobility Command employs an en route support infrastructure. These en route locations provide varying levels of command, control, and communications (C3), logistics support, and aerial port functions. The goal of the en route is to minimize delays for AMC mission aircraft. However, these en route locations comprise a small percentage of the locations that AMC aircraft visit. Given the critical demand …
Forecasting Demand For Civilian Pilots: A Cost Savings Approach To Managing Air Force Pilot Resources, Justin W. Collup
Forecasting Demand For Civilian Pilots: A Cost Savings Approach To Managing Air Force Pilot Resources, Justin W. Collup
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to create a model that could potentially predict demand for military trained pilots in the airline industry. Specifically, this thesis sought to answer the research question addressing whether or not military trained pilots are currently more in demand or less in demand. The research questions were answered through a comprehensive literature review, collection of data relevant to airline industry growth, and regression analysis. The Aviation Continuation Pay Bonus, offered to all eligible Air Force aviators, has risen from $12,000/year to its current value of $25,000/year. With shrinking budgets, and ever increasing costs of war, …
Forecasting The Kc-135 Cost Per Flying Hour: A Panel Data Analysis, Michael T. Bryant
Forecasting The Kc-135 Cost Per Flying Hour: A Panel Data Analysis, Michael T. Bryant
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis developed models to forecast the KC-135R monthly Consumables (CONS) and Depot Level Reparable (DLR) Cost per Flying Hour (CPFH) for each U.S. Air Force service component. Using data for each operating location from FY1998 to FY2004, the models were constructed using panel data analysis, a form of regression that adds a cross-sectional and time-series dimension. In addition to including factors previously identified as prime contributors to CPFH, the models added new elements that may influence maintenance costs and be of interest to policymakers. These elements included mission capable rates, airframe operating hours, and climatology factors. An interaction variable …
Price Vs. Performance: The Value Of Next Generation Fighter Aircraft, John M. Stelly
Price Vs. Performance: The Value Of Next Generation Fighter Aircraft, John M. Stelly
Theses and Dissertations
The United States Department of Defense (DoD) is currently recapitalizing its aging fighter aircraft inventory with the F-22A and F-35. While the DoD may consider cost and performance issues, it does not use a quantitative model that effectively measures the tradeoffs between the two. This thesis constructs a hedonic model of the fighter aircraft market to measure the implicit price on fighter performance characteristics and specifically applies it to next-generation aircraft. Data from 50 aircraft from 1949-present were used to construct two models – one based on procurement costs and one based on research, design, test, and evaluation (RDT&E) costs. …
Determining Logistics Ground Support Manpower Requirements For A Reusable Military Launch Vehicle, Sydney C. Michalski
Determining Logistics Ground Support Manpower Requirements For A Reusable Military Launch Vehicle, Sydney C. Michalski
Theses and Dissertations
Successful space-based technologies like satellite imagery and GPS have increased military demand for a rapid-response launch capability. AF Space Command's Operationally Responsive Spacelift program was developed to ensure that the AF has the capability to launch a payload into orbit within hours of a tasking notification, and requires development of a new space launch vehicle. The Reusable Military Launch Vehicle (RMLV) is currently in the design phase. The AF Research Laboratory sponsored development of the MILEPOST simulation model in order to assess the turnaround time, and thus responsiveness, of various design alternatives. The focus of this thesis is to improve …
Factors And Interactions That Affect Air Force C-17 Aircraft Mission Capable Rates, Scotty A. Pendley
Factors And Interactions That Affect Air Force C-17 Aircraft Mission Capable Rates, Scotty A. Pendley
Theses and Dissertations
Given the high demand for mission capable airlift aircraft and considering increasing budget pressures, Air Mobility Command decision makers need a better understanding of mission capable (MC) rate-related factors and their interactions for mobility aircraft. This is needed to comprehend how issues such as airlift funding, current and future force reductions, and manning and experience levels may impact future MC rates for air mobility assets. Existing tools do not incorporate several key variables that the literature suggests are related to MC rates. Using a longitudinal approach, this thesis combines C-17 aircraft data with a structural equations modeling approach to evaluate …
Technology Transition: Guidance Versus Practice, Walter E. Espy
Technology Transition: Guidance Versus Practice, Walter E. Espy
Theses and Dissertations
The transition of technologies ensures that U.S. warfighters have the necessary capabilities to fight ever increasing and changing global threats. The purpose of this study is to discover to what extent the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) is implementing known technology transition best practices. The research will look at the current guidance on technology transition and determine if it is being used by program managers within AFRL. The study will consider the technology transition process or processes expressly exercised within AFRL by surveying the perspectives and knowledge of program managers. An understanding of this process from the science and technology …
An Analysis Of Usaf Aircraft Noise And Hedonic Property Values, Melissa R. Johnson
An Analysis Of Usaf Aircraft Noise And Hedonic Property Values, Melissa R. Johnson
Theses and Dissertations
The primary purpose of the research was to evaluate whether there was a significant difference in housing values of those affected by the noise of USAF aircraft. The secondary purpose was to evaluate whether there was a significant difference in housing values located near USAF bases with and without aircraft noise and to evaluate whether type of aircraft changed the results created by the aircraft noise. This research effort found that homes located within the 65 dB DNL contour of US Air Force installations showed a significant negative impact due to the presence of aircraft noise when studied with the …
Improving Maintenance Data Collection Via Point-Of-Maintenance (Pomx) Implementation, William D. Cone
Improving Maintenance Data Collection Via Point-Of-Maintenance (Pomx) Implementation, William D. Cone
Theses and Dissertations
Maintenance data collection is an integral part of flightline aircraft maintenance. Historically, this data was input via traditional keyboard data entry methods at a computer terminal. These terminals are typically located in the aircraft maintenance unit (AMU) facility, away from where the actual maintenance is being performed. In contrast to the traditional approach, the Point-of-Maintenance system (POMX) seeks to reduce the data entry burden while increasing data accuracy through the use of E-Tools such as ruggedized laptop computers and handheld portable maintenance aids (PMAs). POMX enables data entry at the aircraft or other maintenance location via wireless local area network …
Development Of A Comprehensive Digital Avionics Curriculum For The Aeronautical Engineer, Thomas W. Hofer
Development Of A Comprehensive Digital Avionics Curriculum For The Aeronautical Engineer, Thomas W. Hofer
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to develop a comprehensive digital avionics curriculum for aeronautical engineering students at AFIT. Due to the closing of the aeronautical engineering program at the Naval Postgraduate School, and the subsequent requirement to establish a digital avionics specialty course sequence at AFIT, a mature avionics curriculum does not yet exist that satisfies the needs of graduates who will serve as aeronautical engineers involved with the development, integration, testing, fielding, and supporting of military avionics systems as part of the overall aircraft system. Research was conducted through a comprehensive literature review and the use of a …