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Articles 1 - 30 of 578
Full-Text Articles in Space Vehicles
Design And Development Of A Passive Dust Protection System For Lunar Docking Operations, Simon Thengvall
Design And Development Of A Passive Dust Protection System For Lunar Docking Operations, Simon Thengvall
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Lunar docking systems face a unique set of environmental conditions that can create significant challenges for mechanical design. Among these, the abrasive nature of lunar regolith can impair the kinematic function of traditional terrestrial mechanisms as well as contaminate critical spacecraft components such as environmental seals, causing them to fail. For crew-rated docking systems, failure of these systems not only threatens mission success, but also crew safety, so dust protection is crucial for docking components. To address the concerns of regolith intrusion, the Simple External Attachment for Lunar Openings (SEALO) is developed as a key architecture for mechanism evaluation when …
A Computational Approach To Graduated Centrifuge Profiles For Partial Gravity Planetary Environments, Cabell W. Jones
A Computational Approach To Graduated Centrifuge Profiles For Partial Gravity Planetary Environments, Cabell W. Jones
Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications
Missions such as NASA’s Artemis and SpaceX’s Starship aspire towards creating permanent settlements beyond Earth. In order to achieve this goal, it must be considered that the gravity present on planetary surfaces such as the Moon (0.165 g) and Mars (0.378 g) may be insufficient to support human physiology for long term habitation. On near-Earth missions, issues such as muscular atrophy, neuro-ocular changes, cardiopulmonary variations, and bone mineral density loss have been observed proportional to the duration spent in microgravity. Further studies have suggested that the severity of these conditions scales linearly with decreasing gravity, meaning that astronaut health can …
Surp: Space Robotics Laboratory Lab Manuals And Experiment Development, Connell Crawford
Surp: Space Robotics Laboratory Lab Manuals And Experiment Development, Connell Crawford
College of Engineering Summer Undergraduate Research Program
This SURP project is focused on the preparation of the lab, experiments, and operation procedures necessary for the proposed equipment in the Space Robotics Lab. As such, the primary goal is to create safety and test documentation that shall be used in the lab. Students selected for this project shall gain a hands-on learn-by-doing with equipment that is intended for teaching and research of a simulated planar space test environment for an air-bearing vehicle test bed to be able to test sensors, actuation and deployment of mechanisms, spacecraft collaboration through closed loop control, as well as experimental propulsion systems.
Extraction Of Aluminum From Lunar Regolith Through Molten Salt Electrolysis, Jacob N. Ortega, Todd P. Sander, Jeffrey D. Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David J. Bayless, William Schonberg, Daniel S. Stutts, Frank D. Han
Extraction Of Aluminum From Lunar Regolith Through Molten Salt Electrolysis, Jacob N. Ortega, Todd P. Sander, Jeffrey D. Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David J. Bayless, William Schonberg, Daniel S. Stutts, Frank D. Han
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This paper presents the methodology, development, and results of an end-to-end regolith-to-metal concept for producing aluminum in-situ on the lunar surface, namely, the Lunar In-Situ Aluminum Production through Molten Salt Electrolysis (LISAP-MSE) method. Using electrolytic reduction, aluminum oxide (i.e., alumina) can be reduced into aluminum and oxygen via electrolysis in a molten salt bath. A steady supply of hydrogen chloride could allow this in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) method to supply several necessary materials consumed in the electrolytic reduction step of the process to produce bulk aluminum metal, oxygen, water, and silica from anorthite abundant in lunar highland regions. In this …
Towards Accountability: A Primer On The Space Debris Problem And An Overview Of The Legal Issues Surrounding It, William Schonberg
Towards Accountability: A Primer On The Space Debris Problem And An Overview Of The Legal Issues Surrounding It, William Schonberg
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Since 1957, the near-Earth population of trackable space objects has grown in number to over 36,000. Of these 36,000+ trackable objects now in low Earth orbit, just a few thousand are working spacecraft. The rest are Earth-orbiting objects which are no longer operational and are considered to be space junk. Because this junk can no longer receive maneuvering commands from its Earth-based owners, the survivability of other spacecraft traveling through or operating in Earth orbit can be jeopardized by the impacts of any number of pieces of this space junk, whose origins can usually be traced back to defunct satellites. …
Sees Presentation: Small Satellites Power Systems, Robert J. Twiggs
Sees Presentation: Small Satellites Power Systems, Robert J. Twiggs
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "SEES Presentation: Small Satellites Power Systems" from June 12, 2025.
How Education Sats Started, Robert J. Twiggs
How Education Sats Started, Robert J. Twiggs
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "How Education Sats Started" from June 12, 2025.
Space Program, Robert J. Twiggs
Space Program, Robert J. Twiggs
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Space Program" from June 12, 2025.
Re-Analysis Of The Anthropogenic Effect Of The Covid-19 Global Lockdown On Night-Time Lunar Surface Temperatures, W. Schonberg, S. Haque
Re-Analysis Of The Anthropogenic Effect Of The Covid-19 Global Lockdown On Night-Time Lunar Surface Temperatures, W. Schonberg, S. Haque
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
A study by Durga Prasad and Ambily observed an anomalous decrease in the lunar surface temperatures during the period April–May 2020, which they then attributed to the anthropogenic effects of the COVID-19 global lockdown effect. We have re-examined their data and while the anomalous decrease in the lunar surface temperature during April–May 2020 appears in our analysis as well, so does another significant dip in early 2018. Furthermore, the decline to the minimum observed during April–May 2020 is seen to begin in 2019, that is, quite some time before the COVID-19 event that led to the global lockdown and the …
Mars Sample Return Earth Entry System Uncertainty Analysis, Michael D. Squire, Victor Cabrera, Eric Christiansen, Alan Jenkin, Kevin Hoffman, Quincy Mckown, Peter Parker, Glenn Peterson, Bruno Victorino Sarli, William P. Schonberg, Katie Steward, Brian Tulaba, Joel Williamsen
Mars Sample Return Earth Entry System Uncertainty Analysis, Michael D. Squire, Victor Cabrera, Eric Christiansen, Alan Jenkin, Kevin Hoffman, Quincy Mckown, Peter Parker, Glenn Peterson, Bruno Victorino Sarli, William P. Schonberg, Katie Steward, Brian Tulaba, Joel Williamsen
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Spacecraft designers and operators use micrometeoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) risk assessments to predict the probability that an MMOD particle impact will cause a critical failure to their systems. An important aspect of MMOD risk and associated requirements is the treatment of uncertainty, often difficult to quantify, or even estimate, for many elements of MMOD risk. This paper describes recent efforts to estimate uncertainties in inputs to the MMOD risk assessment process for a portion of the planned Mars Sample Return (MSR) campaign. The uncertainty bounds developed were used to examine their effect on overall mission MMOD risk.
Analyzing Micrometeoroid And Orbital Debris Shield Performance For Sample Return Spacecraft, William P. Schonberg, Michael Squire
Analyzing Micrometeoroid And Orbital Debris Shield Performance For Sample Return Spacecraft, William P. Schonberg, Michael Squire
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Sample-return missions typically seek to collect and return samples from extraterrestrial locations to Earth for analysis. The return of samples from certain locations in the solar system represents a potential hazard to Earth's biosphere from foreign microorganisms. One way this could occur would be a break-up of the returning capsule during entry (which would disperse the samples through the air) due to undetected damage to the capsule thermal protection system (TPS). As a result, missions that plan to return payloads from some destinations are likely to have certain design requirements for the TPS surrounding their returning capsules, which may include …
Extending The Applicability Of Thermal Protection System Ballistic Limit Equations Beyond The Testable Regime, William P. Schonberg, Michael D. Squire
Extending The Applicability Of Thermal Protection System Ballistic Limit Equations Beyond The Testable Regime, William P. Schonberg, Michael D. Squire
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Spacecraft use thermal insulation in their design, which is usually placed on their exterior. As such, it is susceptible to high-speed impacts by meteoroids and orbital debris, which can damage it to a point where the protection it offers is below acceptable limits. It is important to be able to characterize expected levels of damage stemming from such high-speed impacts. In this paper, we extend the applicability of a previously developed ballistic limit equation (BLE) for one such thermal insulation material using the results of a series of Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics Code (SPHC) impact simulations at velocities in excess of …
Ground Testing Of A Magnetic-Electrostatic Separation System For Lunar Regolith Beneficiation, Peter Bachle, Charles Wood, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han
Ground Testing Of A Magnetic-Electrostatic Separation System For Lunar Regolith Beneficiation, Peter Bachle, Charles Wood, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The separation of lunar regolith by mineral composition and size category is useful forin-situ resource utilization (ISRU). The research presented herein discusses the designing and development of equipment that has the potential to separate lunar regolith into aluminum, iron-titanium, and magnesium-iron ores. Along with the metal ore separation, this equipment shows the potential to separate regolith by size categories. The combined effect of these separation methods generates output that is valuable to subsequent use in metal and oxygen extraction, additive manufacturing, and regolith sintering processes. The designed equipment uses a dual-strength magnet system with N42 and N52 neodymium magnets for …
Understanding Orbits: Orbit Facts, Robert J. Twiggs
Understanding Orbits: Orbit Facts, Robert J. Twiggs
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Understanding Orbits: Orbit Facts" from October 22, 2024.
Understanding Orbits: Just Enough To Make You Dangerous, Robert J. Twiggs
Understanding Orbits: Just Enough To Make You Dangerous, Robert J. Twiggs
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Understanding Orbits: Just enough to make you dangerous" from October 22, 2024.
Kinetic Modeling Of Dust Grain Dynamics In Electrostatic Sieving, Aaron Berkhoff, Easton Ingram, Fateme Rezaei, Jeffrey Smith, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han
Kinetic Modeling Of Dust Grain Dynamics In Electrostatic Sieving, Aaron Berkhoff, Easton Ingram, Fateme Rezaei, Jeffrey Smith, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
A new kinetic particle modeling framework was developed to investigate electrostatic transport of lunar regolith dust particles with applications to the concept of electrostatic sieving. the new approach is based on kinetic particle dynamics and includes major modules of sampling the particle size distribution, solving electric fields, and tracking motion of charged dust grains. a case study for a concept of electrostatic sieving was chosen to validate the new model. the simulation achieved similar performance of particle size classification as reported in the literature. the new model is computationally efficient (takes a few minutes on a PC-type laptop computer) so …
Error Detection & Correction, Robert J. Twiggs
Error Detection & Correction, Robert J. Twiggs
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs on "Error Detection & Correction" from August 2, 2024.
Re-Architecting Space Systems: Infrastructure Changes Everything, Rick Fleeter
Re-Architecting Space Systems: Infrastructure Changes Everything, Rick Fleeter
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Rick Fleeter on "Re-Architecting Space Systems: Infrastructure Changes Everything" from
Comm-Modulation & Data Transmission Errors, Robert J. Twiggs
Comm-Modulation & Data Transmission Errors, Robert J. Twiggs
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs on "Comm-Modulation & Data Transmission Errors" from August 2, 2024.
Ultrashort Pulsed Laser Treatment Is Effective At Sterilizing Metal Surfaces For Planetary Protection, Kaleb Mcquillan
Ultrashort Pulsed Laser Treatment Is Effective At Sterilizing Metal Surfaces For Planetary Protection, Kaleb Mcquillan
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
To prevent forward contamination from microbes aboard spacecraft intended for exploration of solar system bodies there is a need for effective sterilization methods. However, current techniques are both time-consuming and expensive. For example, dry heat sterilization requires removal from the assembly site and several days of treatment. Furthermore, some components such as optics and electronics are not compatible with current sterilization techniques. In this thesis, a novel femtosecond laser surface processing technique for the rapid sterilization of spacecraft hardware is reported. Femtosecond lasers produce extremely high photon fluxes (1029 photons/s*cm2, ~0.03 J/cm2) in extremely short …
Space Program: Center For Space Research - Austin, Texas #3, Robert J. Twiggs
Space Program: Center For Space Research - Austin, Texas #3, Robert J. Twiggs
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Space Program: Center for Space Research - Austin, Texas #3" from July 29, 2024.
Space Program: Center For Space Research - Austin, Texas #2, Robert J. Twiggs
Space Program: Center For Space Research - Austin, Texas #2, Robert J. Twiggs
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Space Program: Center for Space Research - Austin, Texas #2" from July 29, 2024.
Space Program: Center For Space Research - Austin, Texas #1, Robert J. Twiggs
Space Program: Center For Space Research - Austin, Texas #1, Robert J. Twiggs
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Space Program: Center for Space Research - Austin, Texas" from July 12, 2024.
Slimsat, Robert J. Twiggs, Nick Pugh
Slimsat, Robert J. Twiggs, Nick Pugh
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs and Nick Pugh titled "SlimSat" from July 11, 2024.
Martian Atmospheric Rover Simulation (M.A.R.S.), Matt Berard, Shelby Beddard, Alexander Brunette, Emma Conti, Collin Duke, Delaney Novak, Keelin Weaver
Martian Atmospheric Rover Simulation (M.A.R.S.), Matt Berard, Shelby Beddard, Alexander Brunette, Emma Conti, Collin Duke, Delaney Novak, Keelin Weaver
Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Student Publications
While rovers have been used by various agencies to explore Mars, their travel is limited by terrain obstacles, which may prevent mission completion. Creating a vehicle equipped with both driving and flight capabilities would allow greater range of motion on extraterrestrial planets. Integrating the technology for both transportation modes into one rover allows for efficiency and advancements in technological and planetary research.
Your New Astronautics Assignment, Robert J. Twiggs
Your New Astronautics Assignment, Robert J. Twiggs
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Your New Astronautics Assignment" from January 31, 2024.
Immersive Framework For Designing Trajectories Using Augmented Reality, Joseph Anderson, Leo Materne, Karis Cooks, Michelle Aros, Jaia Huggins, Jesika Geliga-Torres, Kamden Kuykendall, David Canales, Barbara Chaparro
Immersive Framework For Designing Trajectories Using Augmented Reality, Joseph Anderson, Leo Materne, Karis Cooks, Michelle Aros, Jaia Huggins, Jesika Geliga-Torres, Kamden Kuykendall, David Canales, Barbara Chaparro
Publications
The intuitive interaction capabilities of augmented reality make it ideal for solving complex 3D problems that require complex spatial representations, which is key for astrodynamics and space mission planning. By implementing common and complex orbital mechanics algorithms in augmented reality, a hands-on method for designing orbit solutions and spacecraft missions is created. This effort explores the aforementioned implementation with the Microsoft Hololens 2 as well as its applications in industry and academia. Furthermore, a human-centered design process and study are utilized to ensure the tool is user-friendly while maintaining accuracy and applicability to higher-fidelity problems.
Magnetic Separation Of Lunar Regolith Simulants With Applications To In Situ Resource Utilization On The Moon, Peter Bachle, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han
Magnetic Separation Of Lunar Regolith Simulants With Applications To In Situ Resource Utilization On The Moon, Peter Bachle, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The development of in situ resource utilization (ISRU) for metal extraction is imperative as a steppingstone for habitation construction in lunar and non-terrestrial environments. Separation of minerals by chemical composition is important to optimize metal and oxygen liberation from lunar ore. To this effect, devices capable of separating aluminum bearing minerals from iron-bearing minerals from the lunar regolith simulants have been developed. Twenty-eight different simulants have been used in this study. A dual-belt separator was designed to reduce middling. Para-magnetic minerals were reliably separated using a neodymium N52-magnet-separator system. Effective separation of aluminum-bearing minerals from iron-bearing minerals was greater than …
Electrostatic Sorting Of Lunar Regolith Simulants For Sustainable Resource Utilization: Modeling And Characterization Of Particle Size Distribution, Abdullah Al Moinee, Peter Bachle, Kyle Newport, William Schonberg, David Bayless, Jeffrey Smith, Daoru Han, Fateme Rezaei
Electrostatic Sorting Of Lunar Regolith Simulants For Sustainable Resource Utilization: Modeling And Characterization Of Particle Size Distribution, Abdullah Al Moinee, Peter Bachle, Kyle Newport, William Schonberg, David Bayless, Jeffrey Smith, Daoru Han, Fateme Rezaei
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In pursuit of sustainable resource utilization on the Moon, this paper delves into modeling and characterization of particle size distribution (PSD) of lunar regolith simulants in an electrostatic system. A prototype electrostatic sieve was built and tested with four sample simulants mirroring properties of lunar mare and highland regolith. An alternating four-phase (90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees, 360 degrees) traveling square-wave was utilized for particle-directed transport to model the diverse trajectories of the particles. Numerically, we scrutinized how the distribution functions of the particles are manifested as the electrostatic field propagates, with a focus on three distinct particle ranges …
Electrostatic Sorting Of Lunar Regolith Simulants For Sustainable Resource Utilization: Modeling And Characterization Of Particle Size Distribution, Abdullah Al Moinee, Peter Bachle, Kyle Newport, William Schonberg, David Bayless, Jeffrey Smith, Daoru Han, Fateme Rezaei
Electrostatic Sorting Of Lunar Regolith Simulants For Sustainable Resource Utilization: Modeling And Characterization Of Particle Size Distribution, Abdullah Al Moinee, Peter Bachle, Kyle Newport, William Schonberg, David Bayless, Jeffrey Smith, Daoru Han, Fateme Rezaei
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In pursuit of sustainable resource utilization on the Moon, this paper delves into modeling and characterization of particle size distribution (PSD) of lunar regolith simulants in an electrostatic system. a prototype electrostatic sieve was built and tested with four sample simulants mirroring properties of lunar mare and highland regolith. an alternating four-phase (90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees, 360 degrees) traveling square-wave was utilized for particle-directed transport to model the diverse trajectories of the particles. Numerically, we scrutinized how the distribution functions of the particles are manifested as the electrostatic field propagates, with a focus on three distinct particle ranges …