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- Kessler syndrome; State transition matrix; Adaptive analytic continuation; Space debris; Orbit estimation (1)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 36
Full-Text Articles in Space Vehicles
Constrained Dynamics Of Rapid Orbit Motion Emulator (Rome) Using Udwadia-Kalaba Approach, Keanu Brayman
Constrained Dynamics Of Rapid Orbit Motion Emulator (Rome) Using Udwadia-Kalaba Approach, Keanu Brayman
Honors Undergraduate Theses
The Rapid Orbit Motion Emulator (ROME) is designed to be a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testbed for orbital control algorithms. It consists of a four-wheeled ground vehicle and a six-degree-of-freedom robotic manipulator. This work investigates the use of optimal control to execute orbital trajectories on ROME using the Udwadia-Kalaba (UK) formulation to model the system dynamics. The UK formulation is a novel method to derive equations of motion for constrained systems. Unlike traditional approaches, the UK approach can be applied directly to any constrained dynamical system. This project utilizes the UK approach to derive dynamics with trajectory following constraints for the ROME …
Modelling Of The Viscoelastic Relaxation Of A Stowed Telescope Starshade, Rahul Raghu
Modelling Of The Viscoelastic Relaxation Of A Stowed Telescope Starshade, Rahul Raghu
Graduate Thesis and Dissertation 2023-2024
The Habitable Worlds Telescope Starshade is an occulting disk that orbits in tandem with a telescope that occludes and diffuses the light from stars to observe the relatively dim exoplanets in orbit around them. It achieves this in part with tailored petals that diffuse light to soften the light from the star. Due to the relative sizes of the star and the planet, NASA considers the shape stability of the Starshade's petals to be a Key Technology Gap. The Starshade is developed to be a deployable composite structure that folds on itself to fit within modern rockets. Due to the …
Trajectory Design Optimization Using Coupled Radial Basis Functions (Crbfs), Kyler Roy
Trajectory Design Optimization Using Coupled Radial Basis Functions (Crbfs), Kyler Roy
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Optimal trajectory design has been extensively studied across multiple disciplines adopting different techniques for implementation and execution. It has been utilized in past space trajectory missions to either optimize the amount of fuel spent or minimize the time of flight to meet mission requirements. Coupled Radial Basis Functions (CRBFs) are a new way to solve these optimal control problems, and this thesis applies CRBFs to spacecraft trajectory optimization design problems. CRBFs are real-valued radial basis functions (RBFs) that utilize a conical spline while also not being affected by the value of the shape parameter. The CRBF approach is applied to …
Characterizing Air Plasma Sprayed Aluminum Oxide Coatings For The Protection Of Structures In Lunar Environments, Perla Latorre Suarez
Characterizing Air Plasma Sprayed Aluminum Oxide Coatings For The Protection Of Structures In Lunar Environments, Perla Latorre Suarez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Wear-resistant ceramic and ceramic composite coatings are significant to provide durability and support long-duration missions to the moon's surface for rovers, landers, robotic systems, habitats, and many other components. On the Lunar surface, structural components are continuously exposed to lunar dust projectiles that can cause protective coating delamination around the affected area, of protective coatings and this may not be physically visible. Ceramic coatings, composed of alumina, present excellent resistance to different types of wear due to their high strength and hardness as well as the ability to protect structural components from regolith impacts, wear, and abrasive damage. Air Plasma …
Adaptive Analytic Continuation For The State Transition Tensors Of The Two-Body Problem, Tahsinul Haque Tasif
Adaptive Analytic Continuation For The State Transition Tensors Of The Two-Body Problem, Tahsinul Haque Tasif
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
In the past few decades, Kessler syndrome (named after Donald J. Kessler) has become a point of concern in the field of Space Situational Awareness and the future of space missions. It refers to a scenario, where space debris in Earth's orbits collides and creates an exponential increase in space debris numbers leading to more collisions and more debris. In order to handle the resulting challenges like conjunction analysis, tracking, and probability of collisions, the State Transition Matrix (STM) and Tensors (STTs) of the orbit problem play a significant role. In addition, STM and STTs are ubiquitous in spaceflight dynamics, …
Social Representations Of Space Travel, Asli D. A. Tasci, Alan Fyall, Xiaoxiao Fu
Social Representations Of Space Travel, Asli D. A. Tasci, Alan Fyall, Xiaoxiao Fu
Rosen Research Review
Space tourism regularly receives media coverage, but so far, there has been little research around public opinions towards space travel. Dr. Asli D.A. Tasci, Dr. Alan Fyall and Dr. Xiaoxiao Fu from UCF Rosen College of Hospitality Management used the Social Representations Theory to investigate public attitudes to space travel and uncover how and why these attitudes are formed. They discovered that commercial space organizations have a strong influence on public opinion, which can be further enhanced if they incorporate more scientific knowledge and evidence.
Modeling And Experimentation Of Buckling Of Composite Deployable Booms Under Bending, Christopher D. Rehberg
Modeling And Experimentation Of Buckling Of Composite Deployable Booms Under Bending, Christopher D. Rehberg
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
This thesis presents experimental and finite element analysis results of eccentrically loaded carbon-fiber composite booms that can deploy solar sails. Using the collapsible tubular mast design along with the geometry from the upcoming Advance Composite Solar Sail System mission, short composite booms segments were manufactured for testing. New clamps were also designed to allow a column bending test to achieve eccentric loading. As buckling through eccentric loading has not previously seen much research, the geometry and composite layups were simplified to allow for ease of manufacturing and verification. The work presented here shows that a finite element simulation, using a …
Investigating Ground Interactions Of A Rotocraft Landing Vehicle On Titan, Adam Rozman
Investigating Ground Interactions Of A Rotocraft Landing Vehicle On Titan, Adam Rozman
Honors Undergraduate Theses
The exploration of celestial bodies has recently advanced from rovers to rotorcraft. This includes the recent flights of Mars Ingenuity and the upcoming Dragonfly mission to explore the terrain of Saturn’s moon Titan as part of NASA’s New Frontiers Program. Flight-based landers can travel quickly to sites kilometers apart and land in complex terrain. Although cruise conditions for these rotorcrafts are well understood, studies are necessary to understand take-off and landing. In ground effect conditions, a rotor wake impinges and reflects off the ground, creating changes in aerodynamics such as increased lift. Additionally, operating over loose surfaces, the rotors can …
Studying The Electrostatic Effects On The Dynamics Of Charged Lunar Dust Via Discrete Element Method, Hao Wang
Studying The Electrostatic Effects On The Dynamics Of Charged Lunar Dust Via Discrete Element Method, Hao Wang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Dust problems raise significant concerns in planetary surface exploration. The unusual behavior of the dust particles that surround the vehicle after engine cutoff has the potential to have more of an influence on surface systems than the high velocity lunar rocket plume ejecta in the landing process. A prevailing hypothesis attributes the levitation and transport of dust particles on the surface of airless bodies to the electrostatic effects and electric field. However, there is no accurate model considering the inter-particle electrostatic interactions, especially when the particles are charged by plume. This dissertation aims to understand the behavior of charged lunar …
Molten Regolith Electrolysis Processing For Lunar Isru: Financial And Physics Analysis Of Spacex Starship Transportation, Cheyenne Harper
Molten Regolith Electrolysis Processing For Lunar Isru: Financial And Physics Analysis Of Spacex Starship Transportation, Cheyenne Harper
Honors Undergraduate Theses
The purpose of the following research is to explore molten regolith electrolysis (MRE) methodology for in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) of Highlands lunar regolith, to be explored during the initial Artemis missions. An analysis of potential commercial launch providers for MRE-equipment based on technology-readiness level (TRL), payload mass support, and $ USD/kg payload price is provided. SpaceX is ultimately proposed as a launch provider of MRE equipment following multi-factorial analysis, with the SpaceX Starship human landing system (HLS) variant proposed for supporting MRE payload. Finally, customers of regolith-derived oxygen, aluminum, and silicon are distinguished to form the business case for operating …
Simulating Ejecta Blown Off The Lunar Surface Due To Landing Spacecraft Using The Mercury N-Body Integrator, Isabel Rivera
Simulating Ejecta Blown Off The Lunar Surface Due To Landing Spacecraft Using The Mercury N-Body Integrator, Isabel Rivera
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The experiences of the Apollo lunar landings revealed the danger lunar dust can pose to surrounding hardware, outposts, and orbiting spacecraft. Future lunar missions such as the Artemis program will require more information about the trajectories of ejecta blown by landers to protect orbiting spacecraft such as the Lunar Gateway. In this paper, we simulate lunar lander ejecta trajectories using the Mercury N-body integrator. We placed cones of test particles on the Moon at the North Pole, South Pole, and Equator with various ejection speeds and angles. The results show that particles ejected at speeds near the Moon's escape velocity …
Inertial Orbit Estimation Using Multiple Space Based Observers: A New Measurement Model, James Hippelheuser
Inertial Orbit Estimation Using Multiple Space Based Observers: A New Measurement Model, James Hippelheuser
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Presented within this work is a new method for inertial orbit estimation of an object, either known or unknown, adaptable to a network of low-cost observation satellites. The observation satellites would only require a monocular camera for line of sight measurements. Using the line of sight measurements of each observer, a pair of orthogonal geometric planes that intersect both the observation satellite and the target are created. The intersection of the two planes in the inertial frame defines the new measurement model that is implemented with multiple observation nodes. Total system observability is analyzed and the instantaneous (per node) observability …
Piezospectroscopic Sensing Systems - Multi-Scale And In-Situ Sensing Technology For Structural Integrity, Remelisa Esteves
Piezospectroscopic Sensing Systems - Multi-Scale And In-Situ Sensing Technology For Structural Integrity, Remelisa Esteves
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The aerospace industry relies on nondestructive evaluation (NDE) to ensure aircraft safety and will benefit from methods that allow for early damage detection. Photoluminescence piezospectroscopy (PS) has demonstrated stress and damage sensing of substrates when coupled with alpha-alumina nanoparticles in a polymer matrix applied as a sensor coating. Alpha phase alumina exhibits photoluminescent spectral emission lines (R-lines) that shift due to changes in the stress state of the alumina. The coatings' capability for sensing early subsurface damage suggests the potential for implementing stress sensing paint for integrity monitoring of aircraft structures. To achieve a viable stress sensing coating that can …
Hybrid Physics-Informed Neural Networks For Dynamical Systems, Renato Giorgiani Do Nascimento
Hybrid Physics-Informed Neural Networks For Dynamical Systems, Renato Giorgiani Do Nascimento
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Ordinary differential equations can describe many dynamic systems. When physics is well understood, the time-dependent responses are easily obtained numerically. The particular numerical method used for integration depends on the application. Unfortunately, when physics is not fully understood, the discrepancies between predictions and observed responses can be large and unacceptable. In this thesis, we show how to directly implement integration of ordinary differential equations through recurrent neural networks using Python. We leveraged modern machine learning frameworks, such as TensorFlow and Keras. Besides offering basic models capabilities (such as multilayer perceptrons and recurrent neural networks) and optimization methods, these frameworks offer …
Mechanical Properties Of Boron Carbide (B4c), Ruslan Kuliiev
Mechanical Properties Of Boron Carbide (B4c), Ruslan Kuliiev
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Boron carbide (B4C) is one of the most important opaque boride ceramics that has high hardness and Young's modulus that along with low density lead to a significant resistance to ballistic impact and, thus, B4C is broadly used as a protective material. B4C has also high neutron capturing cross section; therefore, it is used as control rods and neutron absorption shielding in nuclear reactors. In this work thermal, electrical and mechanical properties of dense B4C ceramics (99%) sintered using Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) were investigated. The Young's modulus of B4C measured by three different techniques – IE, RUS, and nanoindentation …
Rapid Orbital Motion Emulator (Rome): Kinematics Modeling And Control, Ahmed Elsadek Ahmed Seleit
Rapid Orbital Motion Emulator (Rome): Kinematics Modeling And Control, Ahmed Elsadek Ahmed Seleit
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Space missions design requires already tested and trusted control algorithms for spacecraft motion. Rapidly testing control algorithms at a low cost is essential. A novel robotic system that emulates orbital motion in a laboratory environment is presented. The system is composed of a six degree of freedom robotic manipulator fixed on top of an omnidirectional ground vehicle accompanied with onboard computer and sensors. The integrated mobile manipulator is used as a testbed to emulate and realize orbital motion and control algorithms. The kinematic relations of the ground vehicle, robotic manipulator and the coupled kinematics are derived. The system is used …
Operability And Wave Characterization Of Hydrogen And Oxygen Fed Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine, Robert Burke
Operability And Wave Characterization Of Hydrogen And Oxygen Fed Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine, Robert Burke
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Recently, novel experimental evidence of continuous rotating detonations for gaseous H2/O2 propellants with a rotating detonation rocket engine (RDRE) was attained on the 3-inch Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Distribution A RDRE, with the fuel and oxidizer injectors modified for H2/O2 gas propellants. Evident in previous experiments, detonation instabilities arising from upstream deflagration, from recirculation zones, and from insufficient gas mixing challenged resolution of detonation wave behavior from back-end imaging with the available optical equipment. Images were often over-illuminated from both the high amount of deflagration in the plume and the higher density of detonation waves in the annulus coupled …
Viscoelastic Analysis Of High Strain Composites For Deployable Structures In Space Applications, Andrew Gomez-Delrio
Viscoelastic Analysis Of High Strain Composites For Deployable Structures In Space Applications, Andrew Gomez-Delrio
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Thin-ply composite laminates capable of enduring high strains are currently under investigation for compliant deployable spacecraft structures. Deployable structures such as booms fabricated from these materials can be flattened and coiled to high curvatures, achieving a compact configuration for stowage. Once in orbit, they are released with minimal actuation for deployment, allowing the operational geometry to be recovered. Previous studies have shown that the viscoelastic properties of the composite epoxy matrix can negatively impact final shape accuracy due to stress relaxation during stowage. In addition, since the strain energy stored is relied upon for deployment, considerable relaxation can potentially result …
A Smart Uav Platform For Railroad Inspection, Ryan Debevec
A Smart Uav Platform For Railroad Inspection, Ryan Debevec
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Using quadcopters for analysis of an environment has been an intriguing subject of study recently. The purpose of this work is to develop a fully autonomous UAV platform for Railroad inspection The dynamics of the quadrotor is derived using Euler's and Newton's laws and then linearized around the hover position. A PID controller is designed to control the states of the quadrotor in a manner to effectively follow a vision-based path, using the down facing camera on a Parrot Mambo quadrotor. Using computer vision the distance from the position of the quadrotor to the position of the center of the …
Investigation Of Ps-Pvd And Eb-Pvd Thermal Barrier Coatings Over Lifetime Using Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction, Matthew Northam
Investigation Of Ps-Pvd And Eb-Pvd Thermal Barrier Coatings Over Lifetime Using Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction, Matthew Northam
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Extreme operating temperatures within the turbine section of jet engines require sophisticated methods of cooling and material protection. Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) achieve this through a ceramic coating applied to a substrate material (nickel-based superalloy). Electron-beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) is the industry standard coating used on jet engines. By tailoring the microstructure of an emerging deposition method, Plasma-spray physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD), similar microstructures to that of EB-PVD coatings can be fabricated, allowing the benefits of strain tolerance to be obtained while improving coating deposition times. This work investigates the strain through depth of uncycled and cycled samples using …
The Effect Of Martensite-Fractions Assumptions In Shape Memory Alloy Springs, Christian Vazquez
The Effect Of Martensite-Fractions Assumptions In Shape Memory Alloy Springs, Christian Vazquez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This research addresses various models of a spring-mass system that uses a spring made of a shape memory alloy (SMA). The system model describes the martensite fractions, which are values that describe an SMA's crystalline phases, via differential equations. The model admits and this thesis contrasts two commonly used but distinct assumptions: a homogeneous case where the martensite fractions are constant throughout the spring's cross section, and a bilinear case where the evolution of the martensite fractions only occurs beyond some critical radius. While previous literature has developed a model of the system dynamics under the homogeneous assumption using the …
Six Degree Of Freedom Dynamic Modeling Of A High Altitude Airship And Its Trajectory Optimization Using Direct Collocation Method, Pradens Pierre-Louis
Six Degree Of Freedom Dynamic Modeling Of A High Altitude Airship And Its Trajectory Optimization Using Direct Collocation Method, Pradens Pierre-Louis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The long duration airborne feature of airships makes them an attractive solution for many military and civil applications such as long-endurance surveillance, reconnaissance, environment monitoring, communication utilities, and energy harvesting. To achieve a minimum energy periodic motion in the air, an optimal trajectory problem is solved using basic direct collocation methods. In the direct approach, the optimal control problem is converted into a nonlinear programming (NLP). Pseudo-inverse and several discretization methods such as Trapezoidal and Hermite-Simpson are used to obtain a numerical approximated solution by discretizing the states and controls into a set of equal nodes. These nodes are approximated …
Timoshenko Beam Viscous Damping Model For Spacecraft Cabling Dynamics, Brandi Mcpherson
Timoshenko Beam Viscous Damping Model For Spacecraft Cabling Dynamics, Brandi Mcpherson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
With the increasing data handling and power requirements of today's spacecraft, accurately modeling the effects of cabling on spacecraft structural dynamics has become an increasingly important part of the design process. During testing, spacecraft cabling produces a damping effect on the system dynamics; however, current models often overpredict this response in higher frequency modes and produce unrealistic damping values. Previous models incorporated structural and viscous damping terms into Euler-Bernoulli and shear beams; this thesis presents a viscous damping model for Timoshenko beams that can accurately capture the effects of both spacecraft wiring and harnesses during the design phase. Damping in …
Characterization Of Mechanical Properties In Nanoparticle Reinforced Hybrid Carbon Fiber Composites Using Photoluminescence Piezospectroscopy, Sanjida Jahan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Carbon fiber composites have become popular in aerospace structures and applications due to their light weight, high strength, and high performance. Hybrid carbon fiber reinforced polymer (HCFRP) composites with alumina nanoparticles reinforcement display improved material properties such as fracture toughness, resistance to crack propagation and improved fatigue life. However, homogeneous dispersion of nanoscale materials in the matrix is important for even distribution of the improved properties. Implementing silane coupling agents (SCAs) improves dispersion by acting as a bridge between organic and inorganic materials, which increases interfacial strength and decreases sedimentation by bonding the particulate filler to the fiber reinforcement. This …
Development And Implementation Of A Streamlined Process For The Creation And Mechanization Of Negative Poisson's Ratio Meso-Scale Patterns, Matthew Shuler
Development And Implementation Of A Streamlined Process For The Creation And Mechanization Of Negative Poisson's Ratio Meso-Scale Patterns, Matthew Shuler
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis focuses on the development a streamlined process used to create novel meso-scale pattern used to induce negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) behavior at the bulk scale. This process includes, the development, optimization, and implementation of a candidate pattern. Currently, the majority of NPR structures are too porous to be utilized in conventional applications. For others, manufacturing methods have yet to realize the meso-scale pattern. Consequently, new NPR meta-materials must be developed in order to confer transformative thermomechanical responses to structures where transverse expansion is more desirable than contraction. For example, materials at high temperature. Additionally, patterns that take into …
Approximated Control Affine Dynamics Mode For An Agricultural Field Robot Considering Wheel Terrain Interaction, Pablo Menendez-Aponte
Approximated Control Affine Dynamics Mode For An Agricultural Field Robot Considering Wheel Terrain Interaction, Pablo Menendez-Aponte
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As populations and the demand for higher crop yields grow, so to does the need for efficient agricultural wheeled mobile robots. To achieve precise navigation through a field it is desirable that the control system is designed based on an accurate dynamic model. In this paper a control affine model for a custom designed skid-steer differential drive wheeled mobile robot is found. The Terramechanic wheel terrain interaction is adopted and modified to consider wheels with a torus geometry. Varying slip ratios and slip angles are considered in the terrain reaction forces, which is curve-fitted using a nonlinear least squares approach …
Kinematical Modelling And Its Analytical Inverse Kinematic Solution For The Handling Mechanism Of An Agricultural Robot, Sinem Gozde Defterli
Kinematical Modelling And Its Analytical Inverse Kinematic Solution For The Handling Mechanism Of An Agricultural Robot, Sinem Gozde Defterli
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Early detection of the crop diseases helps to prevent failure in the amount and the quality of the production. In agricultural robotics, the idea of a disease detection robot is a fresh and an innovative hot-button topic. The exclusion of the diseased parts from the strawberry plants for further analyses is one of the main tasks of a recently developed strawberry robot. To this purpose, the handling mechanism in the robot needs to achieve an accurate manipulation task to reach the target. Reaching, cutting and storing the diseased leaf are challenging and delicate processes during the procedure of the handling …
Deposition Thickness Modeling And Parameter Identification For Spray Assisted Vacuum Filtration Process In Additive Manufacturing, August Mark
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
To enhance mechanical and/or electrical properties of composite materials used in additive manufacturing, nanoparticles are often time deposited to form nanocomposite layers. To customize the mechanical and/or electrical properties, the thickness of such nanocomposite layers must be precisely controlled. A thickness model of filter cakes created through a spray assisted vacuum filtration is presented in this paper, to enable the development of advanced thickness controllers. The mass transfer dynamics in the spray atomization and vacuum filtration are studied for the mass of solid particles and mass of water in differential areas, and then the thickness of a filter cake is …
Load Transfer In An Isolated Particle Embedded Within An Epoxy Matrix, Erik Durnberg
Load Transfer In An Isolated Particle Embedded Within An Epoxy Matrix, Erik Durnberg
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Particulate composites are widely used in many aerospace applications such as protective coatings, adhesives, or structural members of a body and their mechanical properties and behavior have gained increasing significance. The addition of modifiers such as alumina generally leads to improved mechanical properties. This addition also enables the non-invasive study of the load transfer between the particle and the matrix. Understanding the load transfer between the particulate and the matrix material is the first step to understanding the behavior and mechanical properties of the composite as a whole. In this work, samples with an isolated alumina particle embedded in an …
Bio-Inspired Cooperative Optimal Trajectory Planning For Autonomous Vehicles, Charles Remeikas
Bio-Inspired Cooperative Optimal Trajectory Planning For Autonomous Vehicles, Charles Remeikas
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
With the recent trend for systems to be more and more autonomous, there is a growing need for cooperative trajectory planning. Applications that can be considered as cooperative systems such as surveying, formation flight, and traffic control need a method that can rapidly produce trajectories while considering all of the constraints on the system. Currently most of the existing methods to handle cooperative control are based around either simple dynamics and/or on the assumption that all vehicles have homogeneous properties. In reality, typical autonomous systems will have heterogeneous, nonlinear dynamics while also being subject to extreme constraints on certain state …