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2023

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Articles 31 - 60 of 671

Full-Text Articles in Aerospace Engineering

Effects Of Simultaneous Co2 Addition To The Fuel And Oxidizer Streams On Soot Formation In Co-Flow Diffusion Ethylene Flame, Yu Yang, Shu Zheng, Yuzhen He, Hao Liu, Ran Sui, Qiang Lu Dec 2023

Effects Of Simultaneous Co2 Addition To The Fuel And Oxidizer Streams On Soot Formation In Co-Flow Diffusion Ethylene Flame, Yu Yang, Shu Zheng, Yuzhen He, Hao Liu, Ran Sui, Qiang Lu

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Soot formation in a co-flow diffusion ethylene flame with the addition of CO2 to the fuel (the CO2-F), oxidizer (the CO2-O), and fuel/oxidizer (the CO2-F/O) streams was numerically and experimentally investigated in this study. The effects of different CO2 addition ways on soot inception, soot condensation, H-abstraction-C2H2-addition (HACA) and oxidation by O2/OH processes, were quantitatively analyzed by introducing the integrated reaction rates over the whole computational domain. The simulated and experimental results showed that the CO2-F/O was the most effective in inhibiting soot formation …

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Atmospheric-Moisture-Induced Polyacrylate Hydrogels For Hybrid Passive Cooling, Roisul Hasan Galib, Yanpei Tian, Yue Lei, Saichao Dang, Xiaole Li, Arief Yudhanto, Gilles Lubineau, Qiaoqiang Gan Dec 2023

Atmospheric-Moisture-Induced Polyacrylate Hydrogels For Hybrid Passive Cooling, Roisul Hasan Galib, Yanpei Tian, Yue Lei, Saichao Dang, Xiaole Li, Arief Yudhanto, Gilles Lubineau, Qiaoqiang Gan

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Heat stress is being exacerbated by global warming, jeopardizing human and social sustainability. As a result, reliable and energy-efficient cooling methods are highly sought-after. Here, we report a polyacrylate film fabricated by self-moisture-absorbing hygroscopic hydrogel for efficient hybrid passive cooling. Using one of the lowest-cost industrial materials (e.g., sodium polyacrylate), we demonstrate radiative cooling by reducing solar heating with high solar reflectance (0.93) while maximizing thermal emission with high mid-infrared emittance (0.99). Importantly, the manufacturing process utilizes only atmospheric moisture and requires no additional chemicals or energy consumption, making it a completely green process. Under sunlight illumination of 800 W …

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Analysis Of A Nanoparticle’S Dynamics In An Optical Tweezer, Vatsal Asitkumar Joshi Dec 2023

Analysis Of A Nanoparticle’S Dynamics In An Optical Tweezer, Vatsal Asitkumar Joshi

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

This work presents a simulation and experimental analysis of a nanoparticle's motion in an optical tweezer. Specifically, different simulation and analysis techniques are developed to investigate a suspected regime change in the dynamics of the micro/nano particles from overdamped to underdamped motion as the particle size reduces to submicron scale. Moreover, the simulation techniques developed here provide accurate prediction of the particle dynamics along with low computation time. Finally, the experimental setup developed here provides new experimental data that help answer the question of the regime change with increased certainty. Micro- and nano- scale systems, such as an optical tweezer, …

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Cfrp Delamination Density Propagation Analysis By Magnetostriction Theory, Brandon Eugene Williams Dec 2023

Cfrp Delamination Density Propagation Analysis By Magnetostriction Theory, Brandon Eugene Williams

All Dissertations

While Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRPs) have exceptional mechanical properties concerning their overall weight, their failure profile in demanding high-stress environments raises reliability concerns in structural applications. Two crucial limiting factors in CFRP reliability are low-strain material degradation and low fracture toughness. Due to CFRP’s low strain degradation characteristics, a wide variety of interlaminar damage can be sustained without any appreciable change to the physical structure itself. This damage suffered by the energy transfer from high- stress levels appears in the form of microporosity, crazes, microcracks, and delamination in the matrix material before any severe laminate damage is observed. This …

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Controlled Manipulation And Transport By Microswimmers In Stokes Flows, Jake Buzhardt Dec 2023

Controlled Manipulation And Transport By Microswimmers In Stokes Flows, Jake Buzhardt

All Dissertations

Remotely actuated microscale swimming robots have the potential to revolutionize many aspects of biomedicine. However, for the longterm goals of this field of research to be achievable, it is necessary to develop modelling, simulation, and control strategies which effectively and efficiently account for not only the motion of individual swimmers, but also the complex interactions of such swimmers with their environment including other nearby swimmers, boundaries, other cargo and passive particles, and the fluid medium itself. The aim of this thesis is to study these problems in simulation from the perspective of controls and dynamical systems, with a particular focus …

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Husker Motorsports Active Drag Reduction System, Creighton Hughes, Evan Killian, Micah Busboom, Aj Johnson, Jude Steffen Dec 2023

Husker Motorsports Active Drag Reduction System, Creighton Hughes, Evan Killian, Micah Busboom, Aj Johnson, Jude Steffen

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

Formula SAE is a multifaceted competition that involves student teams designing and competing with an open-wheel style race car. There are 5 different dynamic events included in the competition. Each event requires a unique aerodynamic setup to have the best performance possible. This design project focuses on a drag reduction system (DRS) that will improve aerodynamic performance, resulting in faster lap times and increased competitiveness. Key features include a direct electronic actuation mechanism that will allow the rear wing to be adjusted during a race. The benefits of the DRS system, include increased speed, improved handling, and greater fuel efficiency …

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An Optimization Procedure To Design Nozzle Contours For Hypersonic Wind Tunnels, Omar Antonio Dominguez Dec 2023

An Optimization Procedure To Design Nozzle Contours For Hypersonic Wind Tunnels, Omar Antonio Dominguez

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Supersonic wind tunnels allow scientists and researchers to evaluate and analyze the behaviors of objects under real-life conditions when subjected to supersonic speeds. One of the main complexities when building a wind tunnel is the design of the convergent-divergent nozzle that is used to produce high-speed and high-quality flows. To achieve supersonic speeds, this nozzle adopts a specialized approach that incorporates the complexities of flow compressibility. The compressible effect is accurately evaluated using isentropic relations, allowing for precise determination of stagnation pressure and temperature, and static pressure and temperature relevant to the desired Mach number. Isentropic equations used to define …

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Additively Manufactured Cryogenic Engineered Heat Pipe For Lunar Ice Collection, Mahadi Hasan Dec 2023

Additively Manufactured Cryogenic Engineered Heat Pipe For Lunar Ice Collection, Mahadi Hasan

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Nowadays, one of the most talked-about subjects in space exploration is cryogenic heat pipes. These heat pipes are made in a way that allows them to operate without the need for additional power or energy. Evaporated vapor and condensed liquid can be moved by buoyancy forces or capillary forces that are subject to gravity because of the phase shifts of the working fluids moving inside. The cooling solution typically entails a phase transition from liquid to vapor, which can dissipate larger heat fluxes because of the fluid's high latent heat of vaporization. Recent developments in additive manufacturing and micro-nano structures …

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Ultra Wide Band Gap Oxides For Advanced Optoelectronics And Supercapacitor Applications: A Case Study Of Intrinsic And Doped Germanium Dioxide, Paul Gaurav Nalam Dec 2023

Ultra Wide Band Gap Oxides For Advanced Optoelectronics And Supercapacitor Applications: A Case Study Of Intrinsic And Doped Germanium Dioxide, Paul Gaurav Nalam

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Germanium dioxide (GeO2) is a metal oxide semiconductor with multiple polymorphs that has recently garnered a significant amount of scientific attention owing to its novel ultra-wide band gap and pseudo-capacitive properties, which can potentially transcend current power electronic, optoelectronic, and supercapacitor technologies. However, due to the difficulty in the synthesis of stable crystalline phases of individual polymorphs of GeO2 thin films, this material system demands complex and resource-intensive deposition techniques to synthesize. An attempt was made to develop cost-effective and scalable deposition techniques to stabilize specific crystalline phases of GeO2 thin films. These phases were further structurally fine-tuned to state …

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Gpu Based Monte Carlo Estimation Of Eddy Current Losses In Electromagnetic Coil-Core System, Adwaith Ravichandran Dec 2023

Gpu Based Monte Carlo Estimation Of Eddy Current Losses In Electromagnetic Coil-Core System, Adwaith Ravichandran

Theses and Dissertations

A novel parallelizable probabilistic approach to model eddy currents in AC electromagnets is presented in this research. Consequently, power loss associated with the formation of these eddy currents is estimated and validated using experimental data. Furthermore, predicting the effect of ferromagnetic alternating field enhancement on power loss in the source excitation winding has been an active area of research. Unlike a stationary field, an alternating sinusoidal field diffuses partially into the ferromagnetic material leading to a predictably sub-optimal field enhancement. To model these physics, finite element techniques employ nonlinear iterative solvers which are time consuming. A novel method is developed …

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In-Situ Optical Measurements Of High Temperature Combustion Plumes, Cara Frischkorn Dec 2023

In-Situ Optical Measurements Of High Temperature Combustion Plumes, Cara Frischkorn

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Rocket motors are critical to the human exploration of space and to the United States missile defense systems. The design and manufacturing of these motors requires extensive simulation and testing to assure the motors will perform as intended and to minimize safety risks. Taking data from inside the rocket motors during tests is extremely difficult due to the intense temperatures inside the motor as it burns; most instrumentation cannot survive in this environment. The research discussed in this thesis aims to develop an instrumentation system composed of a fiberoptic cable which conducts light from the interior of a rocket motor …

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Safe Navigation Of Quadruped Robots Using Density Functions, Andrew Zheng Dec 2023

Safe Navigation Of Quadruped Robots Using Density Functions, Andrew Zheng

All Theses

Safe navigation of mission-critical systems is of utmost importance in many modern autonomous applications. Over the past decades, the approach to the problem has consisted of using probabilistic methods, such as sample-based planners, to generate feasible, safe solutions to the navigation problem. However, these methods use iterative safety checks to guarantee the safety of the system, which can become quite complex. The navigation problem can also be solved in feedback form using potential field methods. Navigation function, a class of potential field methods, is an analytical control design to give almost everywhere convergence properties, but under certain topological constraints and …

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2023 Summer-Fall Graduate Recognition Program, Propulsion Research Center, Robert Frederick Dec 2023

2023 Summer-Fall Graduate Recognition Program, Propulsion Research Center, Robert Frederick

PRC Graduate Recognition

This program includes the graduate recognition program for summer and fall 2023. Includes photographs, upcoming events, recent publications, and student profiles.

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A System Theoretic Process Analysis Framework And Model Based Approach For Resilient Space Architecture Design, Eric T. Sommer Dec 2023

A System Theoretic Process Analysis Framework And Model Based Approach For Resilient Space Architecture Design, Eric T. Sommer

Theses and Dissertations

As the capabilities provided by space-based systems offer significant contributions toward defense applications, potential adversaries stand to gain significant value in disrupting them. Therefore, the United States must pursue the development and operation of resilient space architectures, capable of delivering capabilities in the face of disruptions. To support this development, systems engineering methods require innovation to effectively ensure design of complex space architectures to meet their objectives. This thesis recommends and demonstrates a System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) framework to qualitatively analyze space architectures. The analysis outputs identify design considerations, requirements, and constraints required for resilience. To enable a model-based systems …

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Experiments And Simulations Of Liquid Mass Gauging And Slosh Dynamics In Microgravity, Jedediah Morse Storey Dec 2023

Experiments And Simulations Of Liquid Mass Gauging And Slosh Dynamics In Microgravity, Jedediah Morse Storey

Theses and Dissertations

Advancements in liquid propellant management science and technologies are key to increasing safety, decreasing cost, and increasing payload mass of space missions. Propellant usually comprises a large portion of the total mass of launch vehicles and spacecraft, so liquid propellant sensing, as well as predicting and controlling the motion of it, are important. Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) is an emerging sensing technology that is capable of measuring the distribution of liquid anywhere inside of a tank, potentially making it useful for measuring slosh and gauging mass. An ECT-instrumented tank was successfully tested in microgravity for the first time. Basics of …

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Task Optimization Utilizing Digital Transformation Concepts - Automation Project Execution Via Agile Methodology, Anthony Steven Maiello Dec 2023

Task Optimization Utilizing Digital Transformation Concepts - Automation Project Execution Via Agile Methodology, Anthony Steven Maiello

Theses and Dissertations

Task Optimization via the use of automated process improvements is becoming more widespread as more industries lean into the concepts surrounding digital transformation. This shift also necessitates a complementary adaptation in project management methodologies to support the rapid and ever-changing environment, requirements, and innovations. This thesis examines the effectiveness of Agile methodology in managing digital automation projects, with a specific focus placed on process improvements with systems engineering. It accomplished this by contrasting the original model, designed and derived utilizing traditional project management techniques, with the proposed model which is a direct result of the application of Agile project practices. …

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Numerical Investigations Of Sco2 Compressor Aerothermodynamics Using A Streamline Curvature Based Throughflow Method, Victor Quintanilla Dec 2023

Numerical Investigations Of Sco2 Compressor Aerothermodynamics Using A Streamline Curvature Based Throughflow Method, Victor Quintanilla

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) has emerged as a promising working fluid for the Brayton power cycle, offering enhanced efficiency due to the high density and low viscosity of carbon dioxide (CO2) near the critical point. A critical component of the sCO2 Brayton cycle is the turbomachinery, namely the compressor, which significantly contributes to the efficiency enhancement in the sCO2 Brayton cycle owing to reduced compression work requirements. Its primary function involves elevating the fluid's pressure, effectively priming it for the subsequent heat addition process from a thermal energy source. However, despite its advantages, challenges …

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A Dynamic Scoring Methodology For Morphing Airfoil Designs With Application To A Stalling Scenario, Stone Wachs Dec 2023

A Dynamic Scoring Methodology For Morphing Airfoil Designs With Application To A Stalling Scenario, Stone Wachs

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Shape Changing Airfoils (SCAs) are a developing technology with potential aircraft applications. Leading aerospace corporations are actively researching SCA capabilities. The necessity for this technology stems from the requirement of control surfaces for safe aircraft control. However, the process of testing and determining optimal SCA designs can be costly and time-consuming. While methodologies exist, they often require specific scenario examples and lack a standard approach. To address this issue, a standardized methodology is needed that can be applied to various applications and scenarios. This methodology consists of computational/experimentally produced data for airfoils, a subjective and strategic scoring equation, an algorithmic …

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Stability And Control Flight Testing Of A Modified Cessna 172, Tatiana Dirrigl Forbes Dec 2023

Stability And Control Flight Testing Of A Modified Cessna 172, Tatiana Dirrigl Forbes

Theses and Dissertations

The Cessna 172N is a small, fixed-wing, single-engine aircraft. The modified Cessna 172N included a swapped engine to a Lycoming O-360-A4M, tuned exhaust, and variable timing ignition installed. Test flights on this aircraft were performed order to evaluate the stability and control characteristics of the Cessna 172N, and compare them with the regulations in the Title 14 CFR Part 23 Airworthiness Standards for Normal, Utility, Acrobatic, and Commuter Category Airplanes. The flight test consisted of four separate tests performed during a single flight, departing from and returning to Melbourne Orlando International airport (KMLB). The data was collected through static and …

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Testing And Implementation Of Attitude Determination & Control System For Arksat-1 Cubesatellite, Cassandra Sands Dec 2023

Testing And Implementation Of Attitude Determination & Control System For Arksat-1 Cubesatellite, Cassandra Sands

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

ARKSAT-1 is a CubeSatellite (CubeSat) developed at the University of Arkansas and launched to the International Space Station on SpaceX mission SPX-27 launching from Kennedy Space Center as part of the NASA’s 8th CubeSat Launch Initiative CSLI-8. ARKSAT-1’s payload features a high-powered LED, the Solid State Inflatable Balloon (SSIB) deorbiting system applicable to small satellites, and a series of InfraRed and Visible cameras. To point the LED or take images of desired observational targets, the spacecraft will need to be able to determine its orientation within its orbit, as well as rotate. This will be achieved through the use of …

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Optimization Of High-Order Statistical Moment Combinations To Best Represent Spray Flow Particle Probability Density Functions, Amanda Lynn Myers Dec 2023

Optimization Of High-Order Statistical Moment Combinations To Best Represent Spray Flow Particle Probability Density Functions, Amanda Lynn Myers

Theses and Dissertations

Characterizing spray flows has been an issue of interest for years, particularly in regards to fuel injection in engines. Droplet velocity and diameter, among other characteristics, are crucial to understanding spray flows. One approach for determining these quantities in a spray is using a statistical approach that solves for the moments of droplet characteristics as they evolve in space and time. A theoretical probability density function (PDF) can be formulated using various combinations of moments which evolve according to derived moment transport equations (thus evolving the PDF), using the principle of maximum entropy as closure to the system. Building upon …

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Accelerating Machine Learning Inference For Satellite Component Feature Extraction Using Fpgas., Andrew Ekblad Dec 2023

Accelerating Machine Learning Inference For Satellite Component Feature Extraction Using Fpgas., Andrew Ekblad

Theses and Dissertations

Running computer vision algorithms requires complex devices with lots of computing power, these types of devices are not well suited for space deployment. The harsh radiation environment and limited power budgets have hindered the ability of running advanced computer vision algorithms in space. This problem makes running an on-orbit servicing detection algorithm very difficult. This work proposes using a low powered FPGA to accelerate the computer vision algorithms that enable satellite component feature extraction. This work uses AMD/Xilinx’s Zynq SoC and DPU IP to run model inference. Experiments in this work centered around improving model post processing by creating implementations …

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Development Of A Potassium Permanganate Catalyst-Infused Fuel Grain For Hydrogen Peroxide Hybrid Thruster Ignition Enhancement, Ryan J. Thibaudeau Dec 2023

Development Of A Potassium Permanganate Catalyst-Infused Fuel Grain For Hydrogen Peroxide Hybrid Thruster Ignition Enhancement, Ryan J. Thibaudeau

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

This thesis describes and addresses the need for reliable ignition in small satellite hybrid propulsion systems using hydrogen peroxide. It describes process of creating custom 3D printed ABS plastic fuel grains with small amounts of catalysts. These catalysts lead to a more reliable and energy-efficient ignition of a hybrid rocked propulsion system using catalyst-infused ABS and high-test hydrogen peroxide (HTP). Hydrogen peroxide is a high-density oxidizer and therefore more volumetrically efficient for a small satellite using hybrid rocket technology when compared to gaseous oxygen (GOX). The traditional ignition methods of hybrid rocket propulsion systems using HTP are compared to and …

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Marss: Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning For Satellite Swarms, Nicholas J. Yielding Dec 2023

Marss: Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning For Satellite Swarms, Nicholas J. Yielding

Theses and Dissertations

Multi-agent systems and swarms in spacecraft formation flying are of ever-increasing importance in a contested space environment—use of multiple spacecraft to contribute to a cooperative mission potentially increases positive outcomes on orbit, while autonomy becomes an ever more important requirement to reduce reaction time in dynamic situations and lower the burden on space operators. This research explores difficult swarm Guidance Navigation and Control (GNC) scenarios using Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). DRL polices are trained to provide guidance inputs to agents in multi-agent swarm environments for completing complex, teamwork focused objectives in geosynchronous orbit. An example scenario is explored for a …

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Kwad - Ksu All Weather Autonomous Drone, Nick Farinacci, Sebastian Gomez, Stewart Baker, Ed Sheridan Nov 2023

Kwad - Ksu All Weather Autonomous Drone, Nick Farinacci, Sebastian Gomez, Stewart Baker, Ed Sheridan

Symposium of Student Scholars

"KWAD" or "KSU all-Weather Autonomous Drone" project was sponsored by Ultool, LLC to the KSU Research and Service Foundation to create a lightweight drone capable of capturing HD video during all-weather operations. The conditions of all-weather operation include rainfall of one inch per hour and wind speeds of up to twenty miles per hour. In addition, a global minimum structural safety factor of two is required to ensure the system's integrity in extreme weather conditions. Potential mission profiles include autonomous aerial delivery, topological mapping in high moisture areas, security surveillance, search and rescue operations, emergency transportation of medical supplies, and …

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Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of The Spontaneous Deformation And Auxetics Behavior During Tensile Test Of A Nematic Liquid Crystal Elastomer Model, Haoran Wang, Nanang Mahardika Nov 2023

Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of The Spontaneous Deformation And Auxetics Behavior During Tensile Test Of A Nematic Liquid Crystal Elastomer Model, Haoran Wang, Nanang Mahardika

Browse all Datasets

Nematic liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are advanced materials known for their shape-changing capability in response to external stimuli such as heat, light and electromagnetic fields. This makes them excellent candidates for applications like soft robotics and energy harvesting. While studies on their physical behavior have shed light on the complex nonlinear mechanics of LCEs, investigations through all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations remain an underutilized avenue compared to experimental and theoretical analyses. This limited use is primarily due to the lack of well-established frameworks for conducting high-fidelity atomistic simulations of LCEs. To bridge this gap, we introduce an all-atom MD simulation …

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A New Algorithm For Encounter Generation: Encounters From Actual Trajectories (Enact), James Anthony Ritchie Iii Nov 2023

A New Algorithm For Encounter Generation: Encounters From Actual Trajectories (Enact), James Anthony Ritchie Iii

Theses and Dissertations

There is ongoing research at the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and other private industries to examine a concept for delegated separation in multiple classes of airspace to allow unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) to remain well clear of other aircraft. Detect and Avoid (DAA) capabilities are one potential technology being examined to maintain separation. To evaluate these DAA capabilities, input traffic scenarios are needed, but current approaches are limited by the breadth of the traffic recordings available. This thesis derives a new mathematical algorithm that uses great circle navigation equations in an Earth spherical model and an accurate aircraft performance model …

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Cubesats For Education, Not Any More #3, Robert J. Twiggs Nov 2023

Cubesats For Education, Not Any More #3, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "CubeSats for Education, Not Any More" from November 22, 2023.

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Cubesats For Education, Not Any More #2, Robert J. Twiggs, Aaron Zuckerman Nov 2023

Cubesats For Education, Not Any More #2, Robert J. Twiggs, Aaron Zuckerman

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs and Aaron Zuckerman titled "CubeSats for Education, Not Any More" from November 21, 2023.

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Steady And Transient Study Of Conjugate Heat Transfer In Regenerative Cooled Nozzle, Khaled Bensayah, Khadidja Kamri Nov 2023

Steady And Transient Study Of Conjugate Heat Transfer In Regenerative Cooled Nozzle, Khaled Bensayah, Khadidja Kamri

Emirates Journal for Engineering Research

The Heat transfer is one of the most serious challenges that exist in a supersonic nozzle flow. The combustion chamber wall and the nozzle are exposed to high-temperature gases during combustion and gas expansion, which can eventually lead to structural failure. This paper reports a computational study of steady and transient conjugate heat transfer in regenerative water cooled nozzle. Numerical computation solved Reynolds-averaged equations based on RSM-Omega turbulence model coupling with solid-phase heat conduction equation and with coolant-phase. The effect of four inlet cooled approach length 0 inch, 6 inch, 12 inch and 18 inch are studied and validated against …

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