Aerospace Engineering Commons^™

Thermal Earth Resource Monitoring Instrument (Thermi) Size, Weight And Power (Swap) Reduction, T. Newswander, Z. Bergen, J. Hancock, S. Hansen, A. Shumway, J. Stauder, D. Williams

Space Dynamics Laboratory Publications

The Thermal Earth Resource Monitoring Instrument (THERMI) has been designed to meet stringent Landsat heritage requirements with reduced size, weight and power (SWaP). The instrument design provides Earth resource monitoring through the use of two long-wave infrared bands that measure the land surface temperatures. These bands are especially valuable for monitoring water resources and water use. Instrument subsystems, including electronics, cryocooler, thermal management, optical telescope assembly, focal plane module, in-flight calibrator, and scene select mirror were studied and conceptually designed to reduce overall THERMI SWaP. Reductions in SWaP make it possible for THERMI to fit on a small satellite bus …

Development Of Cpanel, An Unstructured Panel Code, Using A Modified Tls Velocity Formulation, Christopher R. Satterwhite

Master's Theses

The use of panel codes in the aerospace industry dates back many decades. Recent advances in computer capability have allowed them to evolve, both in speed and complexity, to provide very quick solutions to complex flow fields. By only requiring surface discretization, panel codes offer a faster alternative to volume based methods, delivering a solution in minutes, as opposed to hours or days. Despite their utility, the availability of these codes is very limited due to either cost, or rights restrictions.

This work incorporates modern software development practices, such as unit level testing and version control, into the development of …

Contributions Of Mass And Bond Energy Difference And Interface Defects On Thermal Boundary Conductance, Nicholas A. Roberts, Changjin Choi

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

The impact of mass and bond energy difference and interface defects on thermal boundary conductance (TBC) is investigated using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) with the Lennard-Jones (L-J) interatomic potential. Results show that the maximum TBC is achieved when the mass and bond energy of two dissimilar materials are matched, although the effective thermal conductivity is not necessarily a maximum due to the contributions of the thermal conductivity of the constituent materials. Mass and bond energy differences result in a mismatch between phonon dispersions, limiting high frequency phonon transport at the interface. This frequency mismatch is defined by a frequency ratio, …

A Brief History Of Space - Sse 120 Session 1, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs on "A Brief History of Space - Session 01" from August 30, 2015.

Medium-Range Forecast Of The Arctic Sea-Ice Cover Using The Satellite Observation Data, Kimura Noriaki

ShipArc 2015 Conference

No abstract provided.

Use Of Satellite Sar Observations Integrated In Arctic Maritime Situational Awareness, Hans Eilif Larsen

ShipArc 2015 Conference

No abstract provided.

A Brief History Of Space - Sse 120 Questions 01, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs on "A Brief History of Space - Questions 01" from August 26, 2015.

A Brief History Of Space - Sse 120 Questions 02, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs on "A Brief History of Space - Questions 02" from August 25, 2015.

A Brief History Of Space - Sse 120 Questions 04, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs on "A Brief History of Space - Questions 04" from August 25, 2015.

A Brief History Of Space - Sse 120 Questions 03, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs on "A Brief History of Space - Questions 03" from August 25, 2015.

What Is Orbital Debris?, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs on "What is Orbital Debris?" from August 24, 2015.

Brief Look At The Environment Of Space, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Brief Look at the Environment of Space" from August 24, 2015.

Shape Optimization Of Busemann-Type Biplane Airfoil For Drag Reduction Under Nonlifting And Lifting Conditions Using Genetic Algorithms, Yi Tian

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

The focus of this thesis is on the shape optimization of the Busemann-type biplane airfoil for drag reduction under both nonlifting and lifting conditions using genetic algorithms. The concept of the Busemann-type biplane airfoil was first introduced by Adolf Busemann in 1935. Under its design condition at a specific supersonic flow speed, the Busemann biplane airfoil eliminates all wave drag due to its symmetrical biplane configuration; however it produces zero lift. Previous research has shown that the original Busemann biplane airfoil design has a poor performance under off-design conditions as well. In order to solve this problem of zero lift …

Application Of Wray-Agarwal Model To Turbulent Flow In A 2d Lid-Driven Cavity And A 3d Lid-Driven Box, Hakop J. Nagapetyan

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

In this thesis, various turbulence models are used for simulating internal vortical flow, both turbulent and laminar, with large recirculation by considering the flow in a 2-D lid-driven square cavity and a 3-D lid driven cubic box. The accuracy of the newly developed Wray-Agarwal (WA) one equation turbulence model is compared against two well-known industry standard turbulence models; the Spalart-Allmaras (SA) and the Shear-Stress-Transport (SST) k-ω models. The simulations are performed by numerically solving the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations in conjunction with WA, SA and SST k-ω models and comparing the results with the available experimental data and Large Eddy …

Dynamic Characteristics Of Biologically Inspired Hair Receptors For Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Manohar Chidurala

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

The highly optimized performance of nature’s creations and biological assemblies has inspired the development of their engineered counter parts that can potentially outperform conventional systems. In particular, bat wings are populated with air flow hair receptors which feedback the information about airflow over their surfaces for enhanced stability and maneuverability during their flight. The hairs in the bat wing membrane play a role in the maneuverability tasks, especially during low-speed flight. The developments of artificial hair sensors (AHS) are inspired by biological hair cells in aerodynamic feedback control designs. Current mathematical models for hair receptors are limited by strict simplifying …

Orbital Debris Mitigation Policy And Unique Challenges For Small Satellites, J. C. Liou, David Jarkey

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by J. C. Liou and David Jarkey titled "Orbital Debris Mitigation Policy and Unique Challenges for Small Satellites" at the Small Satellite Conference on August 10, 2015.

Overview Of The Orbital Debris Problem, J. C. Liou

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by J. C. Liou titled "Overview of the Orbital Debris Problem" at the Small Satellite Conference on August 10, 2015.

Characterizing Strain Accumulation, Residual Stress, And Microstructure Of Additive Manufactured Materials, Hannah K. Woods, Todd A. Book, Catalina Parada, Michael D. Sangid

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a rapidly evolving fabrication technology beneficial for its cost-saving potential to produce complex, low-volume shapes. However, AM materials are currently limited to nonstructural applications due to variability in their structural integrity, particularly their fatigue lives. IN718, Ti64, and Al10MgSi specimens manufactured by Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) were characterized based on variation of post-processing techniques and build direction. To understand the impact of each variable, surface roughness, hardness, residual stresses, microstructure, and strain accumulation in response to Low Cycle Fatigue (LCF) were studied. The use of Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) provided grain orientation and grain size …

Refinement And Validation Of A Real-Time Airborne System For Remotely Sensing Ocean Surface Using Communication Satellite Signals, Benjamin R. Nold, Han Zhang, James L. Garrison

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

The ability to remotely sense ocean wave heights and wind speed by measuring the reflected Radio Frequency (RF) signals from the ocean’s surface has been demonstrated in previous research projects. The recording systems for these research projects collected and stored unmodified RF signals and then analyzed the data through post-processing. Several disadvantages to this approach include large requirements for data storage and lengthy post-processing time. To assist in the creation of a suitable platform for an airplane-based application, a new system was designed which features real-time processing of the RF signals. This system captures two RF signals in the 2.4 …

Assessment Of Critical Technologies For Gas Turbine Engines Using Numerical Tools, Vinicius Pessoa Mapelli, Guillermo Paniagua, Jorge Sousa

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

In 2014 gas turbine engine has reached a market value of 82.5 billion dollars, of which 59.5% are related to aircraft propulsion. The continuous market expansion attracts more and more the interest of researchers and industries towards the development of accurate numerical techniques to model thermodynamically the entire engine. This practice allows a performance and optimization analysis before the actual experimental testing, reducing the time and required investment in the design of a new engine. In this paper, a recently developed open source numerical tool named “Toolbox for the Modeling and Analysis of Thermodynamic Systems” (T-MATS) is used to assess …

Dsmc Simulation Of Microstructure Actuation By Knudsen Thermal Force, Aaron Pikus, Israel Sebastiao, Andrew Strongrich, Alina Alexeenko

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

In many industrial and research applications there is a need for vacuum sensors with higher accuracy and spatial resolution than what is currently available. Examples of target applications include high-altitude platforms, satellites and in-vacuum manufacturing processes such as freeze-drying of food and pharmaceuticals. In this connection, a novel pressure sensor, named Microelectromechanical In-plane Knudsen Radiometric Actuator (MIKRA), has been developed by at Purdue University. MIKRA is based on Knudsen thermal forces generated by rarefied flow driven by thermal gradients within the microstructure Thus, the goal of this work is to model the rarefied gas flow in the MIKRA sensor under …

High Pressure Combustion And Supersonic Jet Ignition For H2/Air, Michael G. Woodworth, Sayan Biswas, Li Qiao

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

There are many incentives to increase the fuel efficiency of combustion processes. This paper looks at two available options to achieve this goal. The former aims to develop an experimental method that can analyze combustion at extremely high pressures to improve the understanding of high pressure H2/air combustion. Experimental data has been lacking a suitable combustion diagnostic to visualize high pressure combustion processes, making it difficult to improve the process. Improvement of x-ray diffraction tomography in a windowless combustor makes it possible to see flame propagation at high pressure. The procedure and chamber are still in the design phase, yet …

Hot Surface Ignition, Yerbatyr Tursyn, Vikrant Goyal, Alicia Benhidjeb-Carayon, Richard Simmons, Scott Meyer, Jay P. Gore

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Undesirable hot surface ignition of flammable liquids is one of the hazards in ground and air transportation vehicles, which primarily occurs in the engine compartment. In order to evaluate the safety and sustainability of candidate replacement fuels with respect to hot surface ignition, a baseline low lead fuel (Avgas 100 LL) and four experimental unleaded aviation fuels recommended for reciprocating aviation engines were considered. In addition, hot surface ignition properties of the gas turbine fuels Jet-A, JP-8, and JP-5 were measured. A test apparatus capable of providing reproducible data was designed and fabricated to experimentally investigate the hot surface ignition …

Kinetic Modeling Of Roll To Roll Rfcvd Plasma, Kudzo S. Ahegbebu, Siva Sashank Tholeti, Alina A. Alexeenko

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Roll-to-roll radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (R2R RFCVD) is a technique for large-scale synthesis of high quality graphitic nanopetals. Graphitic nanopetals are petal-like graphene structures with remarkable electrical and mechanical properties with major industrial applications such as microsupercapacitors. RFCVD uses a non-equilibrium plasma with high energy electrons to catalyze chemical reactions, induce the creation of free radicals, and promote otherwise high temperature chemistry in a low temperature environment. Understanding how bulk plasma characteristics (particularly, power and number densities) vary with changing reactor parameters is an important step towards optimizing synthesis techniques. In our present work we use the …

Identifying And Correcting Biases In Digital Image Correlation At Multiple Length Scales, Catalina Parada, Alberto W. Da Silva Mello, Michael D. Sangid, Hannah K. Woods, Samuel E. Otto

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Accurate strain measurement at grain and sub-grain levels is important to predict and understand crack initiation during fatigue of materials. During cyclic loading, low magnitude strain is accumulated in the material and any distortion in the images can lead to inaccurate strain measurements and false prediction of the material’s behavior. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is a reliable tool used to measure strain localization by correlating images before, during, and after cyclic loading. DIC tracks the deformation of nano/micro-scale patterns placed on the surface of the specimens to determine strain fields. However, DIC software does not account for biases due to …

Altered Combustion Characteristics Of Aluminum Fuels Through Low-Level Fluoropolymer Inclusions With And Without In Situ Nanoaluminum., Courtney K. Murphy, Brandon Terry, Steven F. Son

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Aluminum inclusions have been widely used to increase the specific impulse of solid rocket propellant. However, issues arise with the addition of aluminum in the form of agglomeration, which can cause kinetic and thermal losses (i.e., two-phase flow losses) through the nozzle, which can reduce motor performance by as much as 10%. Reduction of agglomerate size may reduce the effect of two-phase flow losses. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE or Teflon^TM) inclusions into aluminum via mechanical activation (MA, milling) have been shown to produce a smaller coarse agglomerate size due to microexplosion of the composite particles at the propellant surface. Perflouroalkoxy …

Earth Magnetosphere Model Investigations For Coupled Orbit-Attitude Space Debris Perturbations, Eiji Shibata, Carolin Frueh Dr.

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

As more objects are placed into orbit, collisions become increasingly more likely, leading to a so-called Kessler Syndrome: collisions between existing debris creates more debris, causing a cascading effect of larger amounts of debris being put into orbit, even in the absence of launches, making future space fairing difficult or impossible. Natural forces influence the orbit and attitude of uncontrolled debris objects. The natural plasma environment can lead to space object charging. The subsequent orbital movement in the geomagnetosphere induces Lorentz forces that act both on the orbit and attitude of the space object. Those forces have not been investigated …

P-Band Satellite Remote Sensing Antenna, Nishtha Sinha, James L. Garrison, Lin Yao-Cheng

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Today, there are a huge number of satellites out there in the space orbiting the earth, and there are specific frequency bands allocated for data transmission from these satellites. Signals from these satellites can be accessed at different places on earth, and used for remote sensing. Lower frequency bands are being used in this project, which have not been used earlier for remote sensing. The main idea of this study is to use the properties of two P-band communication satellites to assess their utility for ‘reflectometry’. This remote sensing method is based upon the comparison of the direct and reflected …

Characterization Of Sprays From Dual Impinging Jets On A Splash Plate, Christopher Vodney, Stephen Heister, Brandon Kan, David Stechmann

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

The use of splash plates and dual impinging liquid jets are common methods for fuel atomization, but the combination of these methods has not been explored. The goal of this experiment is to analyze how splash plate position and orientation affect the spray geometry for this combined method. The spray patterns are observed for a single jet against a splash plate and two orientations of dual impinging jets against a splash plate. For all three cases, the spray patterns are analyzed for various splash plate angles between 30 and 60 degrees relative to the jet centerline. For the dual impinging …

A Brief History Of Space - Sse 120, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs on "A Brief History of Space" from August 5, 2015.