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Articles 121 - 150 of 255
Full-Text Articles in Aerospace Engineering
Rotordynamic Enhancement By Utilizing The Controlled Hydrostatic Injection Of Hybrid Air Foil Bearing, Behzad Zamanian Yazdi
Rotordynamic Enhancement By Utilizing The Controlled Hydrostatic Injection Of Hybrid Air Foil Bearing, Behzad Zamanian Yazdi
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Air foil bearings (AFBs) are introduced as promising bearings for oil-free turbomachinery applications. Air foil bearing (AFB) technology has made substantial advancement during the past decades and found its applications in various small turbomachinery. AFBs provide reliable operation at high speed and high temperature with negligible power loss. However, rotordynamic instability, friction and drag during the start/stop, and thermal management are still challenges for further application of the technology. Hybrid Air Foil Bearing (HAFB) technology utilizes the radial injection of externally pressurized air into the traditional hydrodynamic AFB’s film thickness through orifices attached to the top foil. HAFB is one …
Optimization Of Aircraft Tow Steered Composite Wing Structures, Micheal Chamberlain Henson
Optimization Of Aircraft Tow Steered Composite Wing Structures, Micheal Chamberlain Henson
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
An efficient methodology for design of aircraft composite wing structures is presented. The developed approach provides a flexible and integrated strategy to leverage advantages of composite material tow steering to achieve more effective wing designs. This is accomplished by including the coupling between OML geometry, aerodynamics and structural response. Structural and aerodynamic analyses are derived from parametric aircraft geometry and assembled into a framework for aero-structural wing sizing. A Ritz equivalent plate solution is extended to model composite materials with variable fiber path geometry. The structural modeling approach is implemented to automate creation of both Ritz and finite element analyses. …
A Micromechnics Approach To Predicting The Onset Yielding Envelope Of Particulate Composite Materials, Behrooz Karimi
A Micromechnics Approach To Predicting The Onset Yielding Envelope Of Particulate Composite Materials, Behrooz Karimi
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Composite materials fail for various reasons and extensive research has been conducted both experimentally and theoretically. However, theoretical prediction of composite failure by yielding seems scarce. Adding reinforcing elements to matrix significantly affects the structural behavior of composite materials. The inserted particles on one hand obstruct the progress of cracks and on the other hand cause stress concentration on the interface of the particle-matrix and eventually influence the ultimate strength of the material. In this research, we study the interface stresses and strength in particulate reinforced composites under uniform mechanical and thermal loading. We theoretically obtain failure envelopes for particulate …
Towards The Fabrication Of Bioresorbable Constructs With Customized Properties Using Additive Manufacturing, Prashanth Ravi
Towards The Fabrication Of Bioresorbable Constructs With Customized Properties Using Additive Manufacturing, Prashanth Ravi
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Additive Manufacturing (AM) has been employed to fabricate medical constructs for over two decades. This dissertation investigates the effects of AM process parameters on raster level geometric features and structural properties of bioresorbable constructs. The development of an open architecture custom multi-process 3D printer employed for fabricating bioscaffolds and test structures is discussed. Bioresorbable polymers including a newly synthesized radiopaque polymer, poly (glycerol sebacate fumarate) gadodiamide (Rylar) and medical grade poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) were investigated. In the first part, the effects of process parameters on raster geometry were investigated to aid in the fabrication of structures with improved geometric features …
A Study On The Turbulence Characteristics And Mixing Performance Of Streamwise Vortex Interactions In Supersonic Flow, Cody R. Ground
A Study On The Turbulence Characteristics And Mixing Performance Of Streamwise Vortex Interactions In Supersonic Flow, Cody R. Ground
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The scramjet engine offers the unique capability to enable sustained airbreathing flight at hypersonic speeds. However, in order to reach its full application potential, further technological maturation of several system level components is necessary. One such component is the fuel injection system. The flow conditions characteristic of the scramjet combustor are such that the rate-limiting step in the fuel injection/mixing/combustion process is the mixing of the fuel and air. For this reason, the fuel injection system must be designed with the goal of enhancing the rate of fuel/air mixing. One method that has shown potential to enhance fuel/air mixing in …
Advanced Methods Of Nondestructive Inspection Of Composite Structures Based On Limited Angle X-Ray Computed Tomography, Ekaterina Bostaph
Advanced Methods Of Nondestructive Inspection Of Composite Structures Based On Limited Angle X-Ray Computed Tomography, Ekaterina Bostaph
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
This research aimed to study the potential for breaking through object size limitations of current X-ray computed tomography (CT) systems by implementing a limited angle scanning technique. CT stands out among other industrial nondestructive inspection (NDI) methods due to its unique ability to perform 3D volumetric inspection, unmatched micro-focus resolution, and objectivity that allows for automated result interpretation. This work attempts to advance NDI technique to enable microstructural material characterization and structural diagnostics of composite structures, where object sizes often prohibit the application of full 360o CT. Even in situations where the objects can be accommodated within existing micro-CT configuration, …
Modeling And Measurements Of Thermal Transport In Li-Ion Based Energy Conversion And Storage Devices, Krishna Shah
Modeling And Measurements Of Thermal Transport In Li-Ion Based Energy Conversion And Storage Devices, Krishna Shah
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Heat transfer is of significant importance in energy conversion and storage devices such as Lithium-ion batteries for its safe operation and performance. Li-ion batteries are considered to be the state of the art among the energy storage devices due to their very high energy density and high power density. However, the safety of Li-ion batteries has become a concern in light of recent incidents, where there have been catastrophic events reported due to overheating of large battery packs. It is imperative to fully understand the nature of thermal transport in Li-ion cells. However, this has not been explored in detail …
Space Access Systems Design: Synthesis Methodology Development For Conceptual Design Of Future Space Access Systems, Loveneesh Rana
Space Access Systems Design: Synthesis Methodology Development For Conceptual Design Of Future Space Access Systems, Loveneesh Rana
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The early Conceptual Design (CD) of a Space Access System (SAS) is the most abstract, innovative, and technologically challenging phase throughout the entire aerospace product development life-cycle. While it is the most important life-cycle phase which influences around 80 percent of the overall life-cycle-cost, it is also the least understood design phase. The history of space access vehicle design provides numerous examples of projects that failed due to lack of a proper technology-hardware-mission assessment in the CD phase. The present dissertation addresses this crucial phase and develops a prototype best practice solution process to advance the current state of the …
Micro/Nanoencapsulated Phase Change Materials (Pcms) Toward High Temperature Thermal Energy Storage Applications, Hanfei Zhang
Micro/Nanoencapsulated Phase Change Materials (Pcms) Toward High Temperature Thermal Energy Storage Applications, Hanfei Zhang
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Thermal energy is one of the most important renewable energy sources because of its abundancy. However, despite the long history of people practically trying to harvest thermal energy, the efficiency of thermal energy storage and application to daily life utilization is still a major limitation, especially for high temperature (>300oC) applications. Concentrating solar power (CSP) is one of the very few technologies that have been used commercially to produce electricity from solar thermal energy. Benefiting from the extra latent heat stored during melting/freezing, phase change materials (PCMs) with a high melting point are commonly used in these systems functioning …
Field-Directed Fabrication Of Hierarchical Structures Toward Electrochemical Applications, Anirudh Balram
Field-Directed Fabrication Of Hierarchical Structures Toward Electrochemical Applications, Anirudh Balram
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The ubiquity of hierarchical structures in nature indicates an inherent advantage to having morphological features comprised of multiple length scales. Such structures help maximize interfacial surface area, allowing for efficient chemical reactions and mass transport despite volumetric constraints. In electrochemical applications such as batteries, supercapacitors, electrolysis, fuel cells, catalysis etc. there is a similar necessity to maximize electrochemically active surface area to facilitate facile charge and mass transport. Inspired by examples in nature, this work seeks to develop scalable fabrication techniques to obtain hierarchically structured high-performance electrodes for electrochemical applications, with a focus on energy applications. Particular emphasis was laid …
Numerical Investigation Of Stability Characteristics Of A Jet In Counterflow, Siddarth Chintamani
Numerical Investigation Of Stability Characteristics Of A Jet In Counterflow, Siddarth Chintamani
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
A jet in counterflow is a configuration in which a jet is issued into an opposing external stream of fluid. Some of the possible applications of this configuration include study of pollutant discharge into body of water, aerodynamic flame holder in after burner, reduction of drag and cooling of bluff body by ejecting a jet of coolant gas into counterflowing stream, thrust vectoring of supersonic jets, sonic boom mitigation. The instability associated with flow reversal which is observed in this configuration of the jet leads to enhanced mixing. However, a detailed understanding of the dynamics and control is needed to …
Multi-Mesh Reduced-Order Basis Method For Finite Element Analysis, Ashkan Akbariyeh
Multi-Mesh Reduced-Order Basis Method For Finite Element Analysis, Ashkan Akbariyeh
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Reduced order modeling of differential equations parametrized over a parameter space can be used to accelerate optimization and parameter estimation problems. The method of snapshots or reduced order basis is well established among researchers as a tool to build reduced order models of ordinary differential equations. The reduced order basis method has been utilized for numerical solution of parametric PDE problems by researchers in recent years and has many advantages over response surface methods. The application of ROB to finite element analysis has been restricted to using a fixed mesh for snapshots. In this work, a new method is developed …
Thermal Measurement And Optimization Of Materials And Processes In A Li-Ion Cell, Vivek Vishwakarma
Thermal Measurement And Optimization Of Materials And Processes In A Li-Ion Cell, Vivek Vishwakarma
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Applications of Lithium-ion cells range from consumer electronics to electric cars because of their excellent electrochemical performance and energy density. However, a Li-ion cell also suffers from poor thermal transport characteristics, which reduces performance, causes overheating and thermal runaway. This work contributes towards thermal characterization of key Li-ion battery materials and identifies and improves the rate-limiting, material-level thermal conduction process in a Li-ion cell. Among the various materials within a Li-ion cell, the separator is expected to have the lowest thermal conductivity. In this work, we have carried out first-ever measurements of thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the separator …
Experimental And Computational Study Of Multi-Level Cooling Systems At Elevated Coolant Temperatures In Data Centers, Manasa Sahini
Experimental And Computational Study Of Multi-Level Cooling Systems At Elevated Coolant Temperatures In Data Centers, Manasa Sahini
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Data centers house a variety of compute, storage, network IT hardware where equipment reliability is of utmost importance. Heat generated by the IT equipment can substantially reduce its service life if T_(J,Max), maximum temperature that the microelectronic device tolerates to guarantee reliable operation, is exceeded. Hence, data center rooms are bound to maintain continuous conditioning of the cooling medium. This approach often results in over-provisioned cooling systems. In 2014, U.S. Data center electricity consumption is about 1.8% of the total electrical energy in the country. Hence, data center power and cooling have become significant issues facing the IT industry. The …
Gain Scheduling Controller For Aircraft With Mass And Inertia Variation, Eunyoung Kim
Gain Scheduling Controller For Aircraft With Mass And Inertia Variation, Eunyoung Kim
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Robustness is one of the main control design requirements for aircraft control.Robustness is sought in the stability and performance of closed loop system against various factors such as disturbance, measurement error, modeling error or un-modeled dynamics. In aircraft control design, it is common to assume that the mass and inertia properties of aircraft are constant. Further, aircraft is assumed to have symmetry inits mass distribution relative to its mid-vertical plane. There are, however, cases where the aircraft mass changes rapidly, most notably in aerial refueling operation.The mass change also results in changes in the inertia matrix. An aircraft may also …
On Space Program Planning: Quantifying The Effects Of Spacefaring Goals And Strategies On The Solution Space Of Feasible Programs, Mark Douglas Coley
On Space Program Planning: Quantifying The Effects Of Spacefaring Goals And Strategies On The Solution Space Of Feasible Programs, Mark Douglas Coley
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
An organization's space program represents the coalescence of top-level goals and strategies with the specific, lower-level combinations of mission architectures, hardware, and technology. High costs and long lead times necessitate substantial planning and key decisions to be made years, possibly decades, in advance. Unfortunately, the methods and processes available for planning have historically been unable to provide decision-makers with objective, quantitative information from both the top and lower levels of the space program. Instead, decision-makers are forced to turn to top-level, qualitative assessments, disconnected from any of the fundamental, technical details, where inconsistent comparisons and secondary effects often become the …
Studying Effects Of Adhesive Layer On Electrical Signals Of Piezoelectric Transducer Bonded With Structure, Md Mazharul Islam
Studying Effects Of Adhesive Layer On Electrical Signals Of Piezoelectric Transducer Bonded With Structure, Md Mazharul Islam
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) are the most attractive transducers for guided-wave or ultrasound based structural health monitoring (SHM) because of their light weight and compact size. In order to excite guided waves in a structure, the PWASs are usually bonded on the surface of the structure by adhesive materials. The electrical signal applied to the surface bonded PWAS is converted to mechanical deformation of the PWAS which in turn is transferred to the structure through the adhesive layer. Thus, understanding the effects of the adhesive layer on the electrical response of the PWAS enables us to optimize the mechanical …
Nonlinear Model Predictive Control For Cooperative Control And Estimation, Pengkai Ru
Nonlinear Model Predictive Control For Cooperative Control And Estimation, Pengkai Ru
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Recent advances in computational power have made it possible to do expensive online computations for control systems. It is becoming more realistic to perform computationally intensive optimization schemes online on systems that are not intrinsically stable and/or have very small time constants. Being one of the most important optimization based control approaches, model predictive control (MPC) has attracted a lot of interest from the research community due to its natural ability to incorporate constraints into its control formulation. Linear MPC has been well researched and its stability can be guaranteed in the majority of its application scenarios. However, one issue …
Numerical And Analytical Study Of Curvature Effects In Laminar Shock Wave/Boundary Layer Interactions, James Ray Grisham
Numerical And Analytical Study Of Curvature Effects In Laminar Shock Wave/Boundary Layer Interactions, James Ray Grisham
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Shock wave/boundary-layer interactions (SBLIs) are one of the most complex flow phenomena because of the different types of physics involved (i.e., viscous versus inviscid) and their side effects such as boundary layer separation and extreme localized heating. Control surfaces based on compliant mechanisms are becoming a reality and introduce an additional variable into the already complex SBLI, namely surface curvature. The purpose of the present work is to systematically study the effects of surface curvature on laminar, ramp-induced SBLIs. This is accomplished using numerical and theoretical approaches in the form of numerical solutions to the compressible Navier–Stokes equations and triple-deck …
Numerical Investigation Of Vortex Generator Flow Control For External-Compression Supersonic Inlets, Ezgihan Baydar
Numerical Investigation Of Vortex Generator Flow Control For External-Compression Supersonic Inlets, Ezgihan Baydar
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Vortex generators (VGs) within external-compression supersonic inlets for Mach 1.6 were investigated to determine their ability to increase total pressure recovery and reduce total pressure distortion. Ramp and vane-type VGs were studied. The geometric factors of interest included height, length, spacing, angle-of-incidence, and positions upstream and downstream of the inlet terminal shock. The flow through the inlet was simulated numerically through the solution of the steady-state, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations on multi-block, structured grids using the Wind-US flow solver. The inlet performance was characterized by the inlet total pressure recovery and the radial and circumferential total pressure distortion indices at the …
Towards Artificial Proprioception In The Mandibular Full Arch Fixed Implant Prosthesis, Md Abu Hasan
Towards Artificial Proprioception In The Mandibular Full Arch Fixed Implant Prosthesis, Md Abu Hasan
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Full arch fixed implant prosthesis has been one of the most effective treatment modalities for fully edentulous patients over the last few decades. However, due to lack of proprioception occlusal overload is experienced by the prosthesis and its components causing major biomechanical complications such as screw/abutment fracture, framework fracture, and bone loss. The currently available approaches for the overload management rely on external appliances such as an occlusal splint or bite guard and result in occlusal discomfort and high patient dissatisfaction. In this research, an approach to induce artificial proprioception in the full arch fixed implant prosthesis is proposed. However, …
A Framework For Employing Femtosatellites In Planetary Science Missions, Including A Proposed Mission Concept For Titan, Tracie Renea Conn Perez
A Framework For Employing Femtosatellites In Planetary Science Missions, Including A Proposed Mission Concept For Titan, Tracie Renea Conn Perez
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Over the past 15 years, there has been a growing interest in femtosatellites, a class of tiny satellites having mass less than 100 grams. Research groups from Peru, Spain, England, Canada, and the United States have proposed femtosat designs and novel mission concepts for them. In fact, Peru made history in 2013 by releasing the first – and still only – femtosat tracked from LEO. However, femtosatellite applications in interplanetary missions have yet to be explored in detail. An interesting operations concept would be for a space probe to release numerous femtosatellites into orbit around a planetary object of interest, …
Pilot Demonstration Based Reinforcement Learning With Application To Low Speed Airship Control, Onur Daskiran
Pilot Demonstration Based Reinforcement Learning With Application To Low Speed Airship Control, Onur Daskiran
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Designing control systems for airship has unique challenges as compared to conventional aircraft. Highly nonlinear dynamics, different mass/inertia relations, vast uncertainties in the model parameters and underactuation are the main reasons behind this. Airship dynamics is greatly influenced by the variations in the environmental (e.g.,room temperature) and internal (e.g., helium distribution in envelope) factors that can completely change the response characteristics of the blimp and make it infeasible for a model-based controller to perform. On the other hand, a skilled RC pilot can operate the manual flight easily under these conditions. This makes LfD (learning from demonstration) and RL (reinforcement …
A Stochastic Distributed Control Allocation Method Using Probability Collectives, Christopher Michael Elliot
A Stochastic Distributed Control Allocation Method Using Probability Collectives, Christopher Michael Elliot
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The configuration of the aerospace vehicle of tomorrow marches forward in complexity in step with technological advances in computation, materials, propulsion, and beyond. One of many attributes resulting from this evolution is the multiple effector concept, replacing the traditional aircraft design approach of a dedicated four channel mixer where pitch-roll-yaw-speed is controlled by elevator-aileron-rudder-engine, respectively. Instead, for example on the propulsion front, a distributed suite of smaller engines can substitute the larger power plant and can be used in concert for multiple axis control with both simultaneous, collective thrust for force generation and differential cyclic thrust for moment generation. The …
System Health Monitoring Using Multiple-Model Adaptive Estimation Techniques, Stanley Ryan Sifford
System Health Monitoring Using Multiple-Model Adaptive Estimation Techniques, Stanley Ryan Sifford
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Monitoring system health for fault detection and diagnosis by tracking system parameters concurrently with state estimates is approached using a new multiple-model adaptive estimation (MMAE) method. This novel method is called GRid-based Adaptive Parameter Estimation (GRAPE). GRAPE expands existing MMAE methods by using new techniques to sample the parameter space. GRAPE expands on MMAE with the hypothesis that sample models can be applied and resampled without relying on a predefined set of models. GRAPE is initially implemented in a linear framework using Kalman filter models. A more generalized GRAPE formulation is presented using extended Kalman filter (EKF) models to represent …
Numerical Modeling Of Capillary Driven Microfluidic Flow, Md Ashraful Islam
Numerical Modeling Of Capillary Driven Microfluidic Flow, Md Ashraful Islam
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Capillary driven two dimensional axisymmetric and three dimensional asymmetric flow in various microfluidic applications have been modeled and analyzed numerically. The transient Navier-Stokes equations are solved using a finite-difference formulation with a two-step projection method on a fixed grid. The vapor-liquid interface of the micro-droplet is tracked by volume-of-fluid (VOF) and coupled level set and volume-of-fluid (CLSVOF) methods with the surface tension force determined by the continuum surface force (CSF) model. The static contact angle at the three phase contact line has been modeled using wall adhesion scheme within the CSF framework. The developed numerical method for capturing the microfluidic …
Numerical Investigation Of Vortex Generators And Jet In Cross-Flow Enhancements, Aditya Raman
Numerical Investigation Of Vortex Generators And Jet In Cross-Flow Enhancements, Aditya Raman
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Vortex generators have extensively been used over the past few decades for heat transfer applications. Their passive form of enhancement coupled with the ease of their implementation is the primary reason for their growing popularity. The streamwise counter rotating vortex pair (CVP) that is formed downstream of these vortex generators act as a source of energy that can set up stirring scales to enhance heat transfer and improve mixing. The CVP can be used to energize the boundary layer in the case of wall bounded flows, and as a consequence vortex generators have also been used to delay flow separation. …
On The Enhancement Of Thermo-Mechanical And Impact Reliability Of Passive And Active Microelectronic Devices, A R Nazmus Sakib
On The Enhancement Of Thermo-Mechanical And Impact Reliability Of Passive And Active Microelectronic Devices, A R Nazmus Sakib
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Microelectronic devices are an essential part of human life. The idea of Internet of Things (IoT) where all the everyday devices will be connected with each other transmitting information and operating on their own is becoming very popular. A silicon chip which has millions of transistors in it, has been the heart and brain of the everyday components ranging from personal entertainment, communication to Automotive ECU (electronic control Unit), and health care management systems to home security systems. Every aspect of modern human experience is dependent on this tiny silicon chip. Microelectronic devices can be divided into two broad categories …
Investigation Of Exothermic Reaction Dynamics Via Computational Fluid Dynamics Coupled With A Feedback Controller, Siusan Choi
Investigation Of Exothermic Reaction Dynamics Via Computational Fluid Dynamics Coupled With A Feedback Controller, Siusan Choi
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The control of reaction temperature under continuous flow conditions is important in a variety of chemical manufacturing industries. For many reactions, operating at off-design temperatures can result in the production of undesired products, reduced feedstock conversion and, in some cases, reduced catalyst lifetime. In many exothermic reactions, maintaining a desired set point temperature at high reactant flow rates becomes challenging if the chemical kinetics exhibit highly non-linear behavior. In these situations, the interaction between commonly used linear controllers and the physical system can lead to unexpected dynamic response and undesired swings in reaction temperature. In this research, a computational model …
General Solutions To Temperature Distribution In Orthotropic Systems Subject To Variable Heat Transfer And Biological Systems During Bioheat Transfer, Daipayan Sakar
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Bioheat transfer is the phenomenon of heat transfer in biological systems where the dominant modes of heat transfer are conduction and advection. Other factors such as rate of metabolism that are unique to biological systems contribute significantly towards bioheat transfer. In the present work, the Pennes bioheat equation has been solved for a multilayer system to derive steady state and transient temperature solutions in the multilayer skin tissue with a tumor. In nanoparticle based hyperthermia therapy, the body temperature elevates from the physiological core body temperature, 37 deg. C. Analytical solutions for three different therapeutic techniques have been developed to …