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Articles 61 - 90 of 228
Full-Text Articles in Aerospace Engineering
An Optimization Study Of Small-Scale Propeller Blade, Fahad M. Nabid
An Optimization Study Of Small-Scale Propeller Blade, Fahad M. Nabid
Honors Undergraduate Theses
This research paper aims to investigate the optimization of smaller propeller blades to achieve maximum efficiency by studying the effect of the twist angle on reducing drag, increasing thrust, and preventing rapid wear on the blade. Inefficient propellers consume a significant amount of energy, particularly during low-speed flights. The low Reynolds number regime challenges aviation engineers to design propellers with the highest possible efficiency to minimize energy losses. The primary objective of this thesis is to optimize smaller propeller blade shapes to enable them to produce maximum efficiency. The advanced ratio of a propeller blade heavily influences the blade's performance …
Hypersonic Scramjet Inlet Development For Variable Mach Number Flows, Zachary P. White
Hypersonic Scramjet Inlet Development For Variable Mach Number Flows, Zachary P. White
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Hypersonic propulsion has become an increasingly important research field over the past fifty years, and subsequent interest in propulsion systems utilizing supersonic combustion has emerged. Air-breathing engines are desirable for such applications as hypersonic flight vehicles would not need to carry an oxidizer. Therefore, hypersonic air-breathing propulsion systems require an inlet with high mass capture and compressive efficiency. The present work seeks to outline the development and validation of a novel design tool for producing air inlet designs for hypersonic vehicles at variable flight conditions. A Busemann inlet was chosen for its high compressive efficiency, geometric flexibility, and existing experimental …
The Development Of Computational Models For Melting-Solidification Applications Using The Volume-Of-Fluid Method, Brendon Cavainolo
The Development Of Computational Models For Melting-Solidification Applications Using The Volume-Of-Fluid Method, Brendon Cavainolo
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Fluids-related issues in the Aerospace industry are often multiphase in scope. Numerical modeling, such as computational fluid dynamics, is used to describe these problems, as they are difficult or impossible to describe analytically. This research uses computational fluid dynamics to describe multiphase problems related to melting-solidification and particle impingement. Firstly, a numerical model was established that uses the Volume-of-Fluid method to resolve a melting/solidifying particle. This model was verified against experiments and simplified analytical models, and a mesh independence study was done to ensure the results were independent of the mesh sizing. Next, the model was applied to two separate …
Detonability Of A Rotating Detonation Combustor Seeded With Carbon/Hydrocarbon Particles At Fringe Operating Conditions, Matthew Hopwood
Detonability Of A Rotating Detonation Combustor Seeded With Carbon/Hydrocarbon Particles At Fringe Operating Conditions, Matthew Hopwood
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The Rotating Detonation Combustor (RDC) has, in recent years, been a subject of great interest in the pressure-gain combustion research community. Researchers have been investigating the RDC as a potential improvement over current combustors in today's turbomachinery-based power generation systems. With the theoretical efficiency boost that detonations provide over deflagrating combustors, RDCs have the promise to be a next step in fuel/cost savings in the power generation industry. One mode of research to push an RDCs capabilities is the potential use of combustible carbon/hydrocarbon solid particles in addition to liquid or gaseous fuels. These particles are a source of high …
Heat Release And Flame Scale Effects On Turbulence Dynamics In Confined Premixed Flows, Max Fortin
Heat Release And Flame Scale Effects On Turbulence Dynamics In Confined Premixed Flows, Max Fortin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
As industry transitions to a net-zero carbon future, turbulent premixed combustion will remain an integral process for power generating gas turbines and are also desired for aviation engines due to their ability to minimize pollutant emissions. However, accurately predicting the behavior of a turbulent reacting flow field remains a challenge. To better understand the dynamics of premixed reacting flows, this study experimentally investigates the evolution of turbulence in a high-speed bluff-body combustor. The combustor is operated across a range of equivalence ratios from 0.7-1 to quantify the role of heat release and flame scales on the evolution of turbulence as …
Adaptive Analytic Continuation For The State Transition Tensors Of The Two-Body Problem, Tahsinul Haque Tasif
Adaptive Analytic Continuation For The State Transition Tensors Of The Two-Body Problem, Tahsinul Haque Tasif
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
In the past few decades, Kessler syndrome (named after Donald J. Kessler) has become a point of concern in the field of Space Situational Awareness and the future of space missions. It refers to a scenario, where space debris in Earth's orbits collides and creates an exponential increase in space debris numbers leading to more collisions and more debris. In order to handle the resulting challenges like conjunction analysis, tracking, and probability of collisions, the State Transition Matrix (STM) and Tensors (STTs) of the orbit problem play a significant role. In addition, STM and STTs are ubiquitous in spaceflight dynamics, …
Polyelectrolyte Functionalized Forward Osmosis For Water Reclamation From Synthetic Spacecraft Wastewater, Alina Ripp
Polyelectrolyte Functionalized Forward Osmosis For Water Reclamation From Synthetic Spacecraft Wastewater, Alina Ripp
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
This study investigated the application of a polyelectrolyte (PE)-assisted metallic iron nanoparticle-integrated forward osmosis (FO) membrane to treat synthetic spacecraft wastewater comprising urea, ammonium carbonate, and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS). The draw solution (MgSO4) diluted via the FO operation was further treated using a nanofiltration (NF) membrane aimed at producing potable quality water by the FO-NF hybrid process. A cellulose triacetate FO membrane was functionalized by layer-by-layer deposition of polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) followed by incorporating zero valent iron nanoparticles (ZVINP) within the "bilayers". It required 14 bilayers to ensure a uniform coating as demonstrated via scanning …
Social Representations Of Space Travel, Asli D. A. Tasci, Alan Fyall, Xiaoxiao Fu
Social Representations Of Space Travel, Asli D. A. Tasci, Alan Fyall, Xiaoxiao Fu
Rosen Research Review
Space tourism regularly receives media coverage, but so far, there has been little research around public opinions towards space travel. Dr. Asli D.A. Tasci, Dr. Alan Fyall and Dr. Xiaoxiao Fu from UCF Rosen College of Hospitality Management used the Social Representations Theory to investigate public attitudes to space travel and uncover how and why these attitudes are formed. They discovered that commercial space organizations have a strong influence on public opinion, which can be further enhanced if they incorporate more scientific knowledge and evidence.
Analysis Of Nozzle Expansion Characteristics In Supersonic Retro-Propulsion, Gonzalo Montoya
Analysis Of Nozzle Expansion Characteristics In Supersonic Retro-Propulsion, Gonzalo Montoya
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Supersonic retro-propulsion (SRP) is defined as rocket propulsion used to decelerate aerospace vehicles at supersonic speed. SRP is often used as a method of high-speed deceleration on space vehicles. The main method of propulsion used in the application of SRP is rocket propulsion. Rocket engine thrust and performance changes with altitude and expansion ratio. Changing altitudes across the trajectory of a rocket affect how the exhaust plume shock waves expand. Being able to identify how different expansion ratios affect the exhaust plume flow fields would provide useful data on how SRP performance can be predicted. This research projects aims at …
Thermoforming Of Thin-Ply Composite Structures Via In-Situ Heating, Bojan Bijelic
Thermoforming Of Thin-Ply Composite Structures Via In-Situ Heating, Bojan Bijelic
Honors Undergraduate Theses
This thesis investigates thermoforming of thin-ply thermoplastic composites via in-situ heating for in-space manufacturing applications. The proposed composite concept is based on combining conductive carbon nanotube (CNT) films and high-temperature thermoplastic matrix. The CNT film is made of randomly aligned carbon nanotubes, which possesses outstanding electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. When combined with polymer matrix, it becomes a multifunctional composite structure. The thermoplastic chosen is polyether ether ketone (PEEK), which is a semicrystalline high-performance thermoplastic that has exceptional physical and mechanical properties at high temperatures. The composite structure studied is consists of a layer of CNT film sandwiched between two …
Flame-Generated Turbulence For Flame Acceleration And Detonation Transition, Rachel Hytovick
Flame-Generated Turbulence For Flame Acceleration And Detonation Transition, Rachel Hytovick
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Detonations are a supersonic mode of combustion witnessed in a variety of applications, from next-generation propulsion devices to catastrophic explosions and the formation of supernovas. Detonations are typically initiated through the deflagration to detonation transition (DDT), a detailed process where a subsonic flame undergoes rapid acceleration increasing compressibility until a hotspot forms on the flame front inciting a detonation wave to form. Due to the complex nature of the phenomena, DDT is commonly investigated in three stages – (i) preconditioning, (ii) detonation onset, and (iii) wave propagation and stability. The research presented explores each of these stages individually, with a …
Design And Analysis Of A Foldable Propeller Blade, Annan Mashin
Design And Analysis Of A Foldable Propeller Blade, Annan Mashin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Deployable structures have made an immense impact in the engineering world. The concept of the deployable structure has been able to reduce costs and sizing limits across a variety of use cases. However, sizing and cost reduction are not the only reasons that deployable structures are prominent. There are unique propeller blades that have entered into the world of deployable structures, where the ability to be stowed away and deployed to a much larger diameter can increase launch flexibility, and the engine efficiencies of aircraft. Although, most of the deployable propeller blades that have been designed in studies have the …
Extreme-Pressure Ignition Studies Of Methane And Natural Gas With Co2 With Applications In Rockets And Gas Turbines, Cory Kinney
Extreme-Pressure Ignition Studies Of Methane And Natural Gas With Co2 With Applications In Rockets And Gas Turbines, Cory Kinney
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Although concerns about carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their impact on climate change has led to an increase in renewable energy electricity generation, natural gas power plants remain the dominant source of electricity generation in the United States. Until the capacity of renewable energy sources can meet growing electricity demand, natural gas power generation will likely remain an important source of electricity generation. Supercritical CO2 (sCO2) power generation cycles offer an alternative to traditional gas turbines by reusing and sequestering CO2 from the combustion process to prevent its release into the atmosphere. This study seeks to understand natural gas ignition …
Modeling And Experimentation Of Buckling Of Composite Deployable Booms Under Bending, Christopher D. Rehberg
Modeling And Experimentation Of Buckling Of Composite Deployable Booms Under Bending, Christopher D. Rehberg
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
This thesis presents experimental and finite element analysis results of eccentrically loaded carbon-fiber composite booms that can deploy solar sails. Using the collapsible tubular mast design along with the geometry from the upcoming Advance Composite Solar Sail System mission, short composite booms segments were manufactured for testing. New clamps were also designed to allow a column bending test to achieve eccentric loading. As buckling through eccentric loading has not previously seen much research, the geometry and composite layups were simplified to allow for ease of manufacturing and verification. The work presented here shows that a finite element simulation, using a …
Energy Based Diagnostics Of Cfd: Revealing New Insights To Complex Aerodynamics, George Loubimov
Energy Based Diagnostics Of Cfd: Revealing New Insights To Complex Aerodynamics, George Loubimov
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
This thesis documents a new approach to assess the aerodynamics of complex fluid dynamic systems using modern assessment methods associated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The method is developed to extract novel and additional insight in the context of a higher-fidelity modeling tool. Although the methods are based on classical control volume techniques balancing fluid momentum and energy, the approach uses the detailed data provided by CFD to expand on it. Classical methods typically use a fixing control volume defined at simple control surfaces, whereas this assessment method utilizes CFD to provide complex integrals on the control surfaces and uses …
Characteristics Of Rotating Detonation Engines For Propulsion And Power Generation, Robert Burke
Characteristics Of Rotating Detonation Engines For Propulsion And Power Generation, Robert Burke
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Conventional engines are limited by the efficiency of their combustion mode. Compared to present constant pressure deflagration-based engines, detonation-based systems can realize a higher thermodynamic cycle efficiency, making them an attractive candidate for next generation propulsion systems that will take humanity to hypersonic speeds and even to Mars. For all its performance gains, detonation engines are still far off from implementation. One system, the rotating detonation engine (RDE) is promising as a detonation-based engine concept for its stability, simplicity, and versatility. For these reasons, RDEs have been the subject of studies internationally in efforts to understand their operation and integration …
The Effects Of Supersonic Reacting Flow Over A Wedge, Taylor R. Brown
The Effects Of Supersonic Reacting Flow Over A Wedge, Taylor R. Brown
Honors Undergraduate Theses
There is a growing need for a fundamental understanding of how detonations are formed and sustained as propulsion technology advances toward the use of detonation-based engines. The deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) phenomenon is studied to better understand both the fundamentals of detonation physics and the conditions surrounding how detonations are formed and sustained. This research aims to study the effects of a wedge on DDT and detonation formation. A hydrogen-air mixture is pumped into a chamber and ignited by a spark plug. Turbulence-driven flame acceleration is induced by turbulators in the chamber through which the flame propagates. The flame then flows …
Thrust Augmentation Of Rotating Detonation Rocket Engines, Alexander G. Rodriguez
Thrust Augmentation Of Rotating Detonation Rocket Engines, Alexander G. Rodriguez
Honors Undergraduate Theses
This thesis aims to perform a detailed analysis on a 5th Order Polynomial Nozzle, verifying its effectiveness in improving the thrust performance of a Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine. Rotating detonation engines are a promising engine type that uses detonations as a means of combustion rather than traditional conflagration. Through this method, these engines can produce significant amounts of energy while burning less fuel in the process. However, exhaust flow instabilities and swirl limit the engine's potential for use as a means of propulsion. The 5th Order Polynomial Nozzle was previously demonstrated to reduce and control this swirl; however, analysis was …
Vibrations Of Rotationally Periodic Structures: A Metric For Mistuning Characterization And Vibration Localization, Andres Rodriguez
Vibrations Of Rotationally Periodic Structures: A Metric For Mistuning Characterization And Vibration Localization, Andres Rodriguez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Blisk components are an integral part of jet engines and power generation systems. Composed of a single monolithic structure, integral blisks combine the blade-and-disk portion of primary components such as the fan, compressor stage, or turbine stage. This design modification increases the aerodynamic performance while decreasing the cost and eliminating time of assembly. However, these benefits come with the loss of blade-disk connection interfaces, which greatly reduces the structure's damping and its ability to attenuate unwanted structural vibrations. Blisk dynamics are impacted by mistuning, which is a disruption of the periodic symmetry of otherwise identical bladed sections. This disruption degrades …
Generic Behavior Framework Of Sx And Ds Nickel-Base Superalloys With Applications To Constitutive And Life Prediction Modeling, Firat Irmak
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Selection of materials to be used for components experiencing extreme conditions is a critical process in the design phase. Nickel-base superalloys have been frequently used for hot gas path components in the turbomachinery industry. These components are required to withstand both fatigue and creep at extreme temperatures during their service time. In general, the extreme temperature materials mostly embody polycrystalline, directionally solidified, and single crystal superalloys. It is essential for design engineers to predict accurate damage behavior and lifespan for these components to prevent catastrophic failures. This dissertation presents a new framework to represent mechanical behavior of Nickel-base superalloys under …
Influence Of Nonlinear Multiaxial Matrix Viscoelasticity On Piezoresistivity Of Carbon Nanotube Polymer Composites, Wolfgang Klimm
Influence Of Nonlinear Multiaxial Matrix Viscoelasticity On Piezoresistivity Of Carbon Nanotube Polymer Composites, Wolfgang Klimm
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Nanocomposites are prominent candidates to extend the capabilities in areas of established fiber reinforced composites. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) with their outstanding mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties are of particular interest. Especially polymers profit from the addition of CNTs, and can be rendered significantly stiffer, stronger, and even electrically conductive. The resulting electrical conductance is deformation-sensitive, known as piezoresistivity, and is utilized in strain sensing applications. However, the polymer matrix introduces time- and temperature-dependency into the mechanical behavior, known as viscoelasticity, and thus affects the relationship between deformation and electrical conductivity over time. Although piezoresistivity and polymer viscoelasticity have been studied …
Sensitivity Of Combustion Liner Contour To Sand Ingestion Clogging, Nelson Padilla
Sensitivity Of Combustion Liner Contour To Sand Ingestion Clogging, Nelson Padilla
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
This currently presented work is an evaluation of the characteristics of different cooling hole geometries to particulate ingestion clogging. Experimentation was conducted using a premixed bluff body flame combustor facility to generate high temperature combustor flow conditions. Sand ingestion along the cooling path of the combustion liner was reproduced using an air-assisted seeder providing consistent sand ingestion. Mass flow rate of cooling air was controlled using a sonic orifice downstream of a pressure regulator so that the mass flow rate of the air and sand mixture is independent of the clogging state. Pressure data upstream of a small section of …
Design And Mechanical Characterization Of Functionally Graded Sandwich Beams Fabricated Via Additive Manufacturing, Timothy Grondin
Design And Mechanical Characterization Of Functionally Graded Sandwich Beams Fabricated Via Additive Manufacturing, Timothy Grondin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Lightweight aerospace structures have been sought after since humans took flight in 1903, making major strides in NASA's pursuit of the moon with the development of sandwich panel composites. Sandwich structures typically consist of two stiff phases (i.e., face sheets) separated by a lightweight phase (i.e., core), which are stacked together through adhesive layers. Such a structural arrangement provides a high stiffness-to-weight ratio and is often used in applications where weight saving is critical. Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs), refer to multifunctional materials, which contain a spatial variation of composition and/or microstructure for the specific purpose of altering thermal and structural …
On Liquid Rotating Detonation Rocket Engines Characterization And Performance, Vidhan Malik
On Liquid Rotating Detonation Rocket Engines Characterization And Performance, Vidhan Malik
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The current research investigates a next-generation method of combustion called detonations for propulsive applications which has support from the Combustion Services Branch at the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) of the Rocket Propulsion Division. The overall initiative seeks to explore the viability of detonation-based systems to augment or replace current rocket propulsion methods in the coming five years. The present work progresses this vision by providing proof of a liquid RP-2 based Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine (RDRE) as well as the fundamentals associated with the physics involved to further the understanding of the phenomenon and its potential uses. Phase one …
A Unified Tool For Adaptive Collocation Techniques Applied To Solving Optimal Control Problems, Bethany Kelly
A Unified Tool For Adaptive Collocation Techniques Applied To Solving Optimal Control Problems, Bethany Kelly
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
In this work, a user-friendly MATLAB tool is introduced to solve nonlinear optimal control problems by applying collocation techniques using Coupled Radial Basis Functions (CRBFs). CRBFs are a new class of Radial Basis Functions combined with a conical spline r^5, which provides the advantage of insensitivity to the shape parameter while maintaining accuracy and robustness. To solve optimal control problems, software tools are often employed to implement numerical methods and apply advanced techniques to solving differential equations. Although several commercial software tools exist for solving optimal control problems, such as ICLOCS2, GPOPS, and DIDO, there are no options available that …
The Breakup Of Rp-2 Liquid Fuel Droplets In A Detonation Field, Daniel Dyson
The Breakup Of Rp-2 Liquid Fuel Droplets In A Detonation Field, Daniel Dyson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Experimentally obtained droplet breakup patterns are presented for RP-2 liquid fuel droplets in the environment behind a detonation wave. To the best of our knowledge, this data is the first of its kind to examine the fundamental interactions between detonation waves and an individual fuel droplet. The experiments presented here are expected to support the ongoing effort of creating accurate models of droplet breakup in a variety of environments, which in turn will lead to enhanced predictions of rotating detonation engine performance, improved safety considerations for facilities operating in hazardous conditions, and new knowledge in energetics, hypersonics, and explosion dynamics …
Broadband Investigation Of The Pyrolysis Of Propane Using A Mir Optical Parametric Oscillator, Robert Greene
Broadband Investigation Of The Pyrolysis Of Propane Using A Mir Optical Parametric Oscillator, Robert Greene
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The chemistry of propane continues to play a pivotal role in today's power production technologies. As reliance on natural gas expands as greener cleaner fuels are sought throughout the world, especially as countries are attempting to transition away from traditional coal and crude-oil fired plants towards solar, wind, and hydro-electric sources. Natural gas, often seen as a bridge fuel between these two competing ends, has been in the recent past and for the foreseeable future will continue to play an important role in the energy sector. Among the components of natural gas, propane plays a key role in the chemistry …
Shape Parameter & Nodal Distribution Insensitive Radial Basis Functions For Nonlinear Optimal Control Problems, Ahmed Elsadek Ahmed Elshafee Seleit
Shape Parameter & Nodal Distribution Insensitive Radial Basis Functions For Nonlinear Optimal Control Problems, Ahmed Elsadek Ahmed Elshafee Seleit
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Computational optimal control relies mainly on pseudospectral methods. The use of Chebyshev and Legendre polynomials is ubiquitous in the literature. This family of methods has good accuracy characteristics but constraints the nodal distribution to a certain grid that is denser at the boundaries. In this work, a set of novel Coupled Radial Basis Functions (CRBFs) is introduced as an approximation means for the nonlinear optimal control problem. CRBFs are real-valued Radial Basis Functions (RBFs) augmented with a conical spline. They do not require a specific nodal distribution. A plethora of research articles were published on the optimization of the shape …
Investigating Ground Interactions Of A Rotocraft Landing Vehicle On Titan, Adam Rozman
Investigating Ground Interactions Of A Rotocraft Landing Vehicle On Titan, Adam Rozman
Honors Undergraduate Theses
The exploration of celestial bodies has recently advanced from rovers to rotorcraft. This includes the recent flights of Mars Ingenuity and the upcoming Dragonfly mission to explore the terrain of Saturn’s moon Titan as part of NASA’s New Frontiers Program. Flight-based landers can travel quickly to sites kilometers apart and land in complex terrain. Although cruise conditions for these rotorcrafts are well understood, studies are necessary to understand take-off and landing. In ground effect conditions, a rotor wake impinges and reflects off the ground, creating changes in aerodynamics such as increased lift. Additionally, operating over loose surfaces, the rotors can …
Investigation Of Pitching And Plunging Motions On A Tandem Wing Configuration, Riley M. Capiro
Investigation Of Pitching And Plunging Motions On A Tandem Wing Configuration, Riley M. Capiro
Honors Undergraduate Theses
From the beginning of the history of flight, inspiration has been drawn from nature. Evolution has spent millions of years optimizing creatures that rely on flight as their means of locomotion. Today, aerial vehicles are very different to those from the time of the Wright brothers. One kind of vehicle that stands to benefit in mimicking nature is the drone, particularly smaller drones. Commonly used today by militaries, industry and civilians, drones are increasingly affordable while also decreasing in size thanks to advancements in electronics and manufacturing methods. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how pitching and rolling …