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Articles 301 - 330 of 1219
Full-Text Articles in Aerospace Engineering
Structural Loads And Preliminary Structural Design For A World Speed Record-Breaking Turbo-Prop Racing Airplane, Matthew G. Slymen
Structural Loads And Preliminary Structural Design For A World Speed Record-Breaking Turbo-Prop Racing Airplane, Matthew G. Slymen
Master's Theses
The Cal Poly SLO Turbo-Prop Racer project aims to design a world speed record-breaking aircraft, capable of flying more than 550 miles per hour on a 3-kilometer closed course. To further this endeavor, this thesis presents the calculations of load distributions across the aircraft’s wing and tail and preliminary structural estimates of primary structural components for verification of the loads calculations and for use in a future finite element model. The aircraft’s fundamental design characteristics effect on the structure of the aircraft, namely the unique Y-tail design, are first examined. Then, loads are calculated in accordance with the regulation dictated …
Channeling Influence On Noise And Aerodynamic Performance Of Naca 0012 Airfoil As A Possible Solution Of Wind Turbines Noise, Hussein Khudhayer Mohammad
Channeling Influence On Noise And Aerodynamic Performance Of Naca 0012 Airfoil As A Possible Solution Of Wind Turbines Noise, Hussein Khudhayer Mohammad
Dissertations
This work numerically and experimentally investigates the effect of using channels inside airfoils on the noise level as a possible resolution for aerodynamic noise generated by wind turbines. The work also investigates aerodynamic performance and turbulence around the employed airfoils. The results reveal that some of the samples show some improvement in reducing the aerodynamic noise. The reduction of the aerodynamic noise is explained as the trailing edge blowing injection that reduces the wake momentum deficit of the blade and reduces the pressure fluctuation which is responsible for noise production. Particularly, the angles of channel inclination with respect to the …
Flow And Heat Transfer In Swirl Tubes — A Review, Florian Seibold, Phillip M. Ligrani, Bernhard Weigand
Flow And Heat Transfer In Swirl Tubes — A Review, Florian Seibold, Phillip M. Ligrani, Bernhard Weigand
PRC-Affiliated Research
The development of modern gas turbines for aircraft propulsion and power generation demands ever-increasing efficiency, which can be achieved by rising the turbine inlet temperature. Therefore, turbine components and especially the leading edge of turbine blades are exposed to particular high thermal loads with temperatures that are well above the melting point of the material. As a result, efficient cooling techniques are essential. Swirling flows in cyclone cooling systems are a promising technique for internal turbine blade leading edge cooling since they promise high heat transfer rates in combination with relatively uniform heat transfer distributions. The current paper presents a …
Aerodynamics And Turbulent Wake-Flow Characteristics Of Owls During Flapping Flight, Krishnamoorthy Krishnan
Aerodynamics And Turbulent Wake-Flow Characteristics Of Owls During Flapping Flight, Krishnamoorthy Krishnan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Owls exhibit unique flight capabilities in the low Reynolds number flow regime which is prone to complex viscous flow phenomena. They possess unique feather features and flexible wing structures which are postulated to help them fly nearly silently and stably at low speeds in a complex flow setting. Understanding the aerodynamics of owls could pave the way to enhance the future designs of small flying vehicles. Though it has been a focus of research over multiple decades, no conclusive agreement has been attained on the aerodynamic mechanisms associated with owl flight. Particularly, the aerodynamics of flapping owl flight is severely …
Optical Microresonator-Based Flow-Speed Sensor, Elie Ramon Salameh
Optical Microresonator-Based Flow-Speed Sensor, Elie Ramon Salameh
Mechanical Engineering Research Theses and Dissertations
Optical sensors have become more prominent in atmospheric measurement systems, with LiDAR instruments deployed on a variety of earth-bound, air-borne, and space-based platforms. In recent years, the interest in the human exploration of Mars has created a substantial push towards reliable and compact sensing elements for Mars exploration missions, particularly during a spacecraft’s entry, descent, and landing stages. Real-time sensors able to reliably measure the craft’s speed relative to the surrounding atmosphere during these stages are thus of great interest. In this dissertation, a proof-of-concept for an optical microfabricated sensor, which leverages the whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) and Doppler shift principles, is …
Direct Simulation And Reduced-Order Modeling Of Premixed Flame Response To Acoustic Modulation, Zheng Qiao
Direct Simulation And Reduced-Order Modeling Of Premixed Flame Response To Acoustic Modulation, Zheng Qiao
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation introduces a general, predictive and cost-efficient reduced-order modeling (ROM) technique for characterization of flame response under acoustic modulation. The model is built upon the kinematic flame model–G-equation to describe the flame topology and dynamics, and the novelties of the ROM lie in i) a procedure to create the compatible base flow that can reproduce the correct flame geometry and ii) the use of a physically-consistent acoustic modulation field for the characterization of flame response. This ROM addresses the significant limitations of the classical kinematic model, which is only applicable to simple flame configurations and relies on ad-hoc models …
Application Of The Formal Design Of Experiments To Deformed Airfoil Testing, Alex Ligman
Application Of The Formal Design Of Experiments To Deformed Airfoil Testing, Alex Ligman
Honors Theses
Traditionally, one factor at a time (OFAT) testing is used to accomplish wind tunnel
experimentation. OFAT testing is a process whereby one of the defined factors in the experiment is changed while all of the other factors are held constant. Afterwards, a new factor is chosen as the one to be manipulated, and the process is then repeated until all factors have been run through. Due to the possible cost-intensive and time-consuming nature of wind tunnel testing, formal design of experiments (DOE) has begun to be applied to wind tunnel experiments. In doing so, unique analyses can be made that …
A Study Of Asymmetric Supersonic Wind Tunnel Nozzle Design, Brittany A. Davis
A Study Of Asymmetric Supersonic Wind Tunnel Nozzle Design, Brittany A. Davis
Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Achieving higher Mach numbers for private and commercial flight is a growing interest in the aerospace community. To qualify vehicles prior to flight, tests must be run in wind tunnels. Asymmetric wind tunnel nozzles are of continuing interest to the aerospace community due to their ability to change throat geometry, allowing for a range of Mach numbers to be achieved that encompasses all of the supersonic regime. The sliding block wind tunnel at Old Dominion University (ODU) is designed for a range of Mach numbers from about 1.8 to 3.5 but is limited to an upper limit of 2.8 by …
Development Of A Bio-Inspired Artificial Butterfly Vehicle, Thomas Payne Clark
Development Of A Bio-Inspired Artificial Butterfly Vehicle, Thomas Payne Clark
Honors Capstone Projects and Theses
No abstract provided.
Computational Analysis Of The Effects Of Scarfed Nozzle Variations On Jet Plumes, Andrew J. La Sorsa
Computational Analysis Of The Effects Of Scarfed Nozzle Variations On Jet Plumes, Andrew J. La Sorsa
ONU Student Research Colloquium
A computational fluid dynamics analysis investigating the variation of effects on nozzles with non-orthogonal exit planes, known as scarfing, was performed. The steady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes model, coupled with the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model, was used to simulate and compare plume development and characteristics using various scarfing geometries at variable inlet conditions. The jet plume cross-section is significantly affected for overexpanded conditions, while retaining the nozzle exit shape for underexpanded conditions, although slight peaks (bifurcation) do occur at the centerline. The same observations occur when slightly changing the angle of scarf. However, inverting the overall geometry of the diverging portion of the …
Effects Of Vortex Generator Placement On A Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blade, Dagan Sorensen
Effects Of Vortex Generator Placement On A Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blade, Dagan Sorensen
ONU Student Research Colloquium
Vortex generators are commonly used devices to control the flow over an airfoil or other surface. In this paper the effect of differing placements of vortex generators on a wind turbine airfoil, compared to an airfoil without vortex generators, were simulated using computational fluid dynamics(CFD). It was shown that, in some instances, the application of vortex generators effectively controlled the flow over the airfoil to increase the power produced by the wind turbine. According to the CFD results, the application of vortex generators at an angle increased the lift produced, as well as delaying the separation of the boundary layer.
Computational Comparison Of Dual Bell, Expansion-Deflection, And Aerospike Nozzles, Manuel R. Abadie Ardon
Computational Comparison Of Dual Bell, Expansion-Deflection, And Aerospike Nozzles, Manuel R. Abadie Ardon
Honors College Theses
In the search for a Single-Stage-to-Orbit rocket, Altitude Compensating Nozzles concepts (ACNs) have been proposed since the 1950s, but research has stalled despite the modern analysis tools available. These nozzle concepts offer optimum performance at two or more altitude settings. This research chose three of these concepts, these being the Dual Bell, Expansion-Deflection, and Aerospike, which were designed and analyzed at various pressure ratios (NPR=10,15,30,36,30,45) using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT. Simulations generated pressure distributions along the nozzle wall, which allowed to calculate data values such as thrust coefficients. Nozzle efficiency is calculated from this data and used to …
Time-Resolved Piv Measurements Of Ship Airwakes With Quartering Winds, Kaijus H. Palm
Time-Resolved Piv Measurements Of Ship Airwakes With Quartering Winds, Kaijus H. Palm
Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses
The unsteady, three-dimensional, turbulent airwake over the Simple Frigate Ship No. 2 (SFS2) with quartering wind flow directions was studied in a low-speed wind tunnel facility. Surface oil flow visualization and time-resolved stereoscopic and planar particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements were made for three crosswise planes and a single centerline streamwise plane. Measurements included various configurations with the bow of the ship model at two different quartering wind conditions of 10 and 20 degrees, as well as cases with and without the effects of a simulated atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). A comparative analysis of the time-averaged flow structures between the …
Influence Of Wing Planform Shape On The Effectiveness Of A Fixed-Slot, Yuan Zhao
Influence Of Wing Planform Shape On The Effectiveness Of A Fixed-Slot, Yuan Zhao
Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses
This thesis report explores the effect of the Clark-Y wing geometry on lift and drag to use as a reference during aircraft design stage. The different characteristics investigated are fixed slot span, taper ratio, washout, and sweep angle. Plain wings, half slotted wings, and fully slotted wings were built in CATIA with an aspect ratio of 6 and different taper ratio, washout, and sweep angles. Using the CATIA models to generate the 3-D grids in Pointwise. All the simulations were tested in Ansys-Fluent under sea-level conditions with a Reynold number of 609000. The relationships between the aerodynamic characteristics and the …
Aeroelastic Analysis Of Small-Scale Aircraft, Kent Roberts
Aeroelastic Analysis Of Small-Scale Aircraft, Kent Roberts
Master's Theses
The structural design of flight vehicles is a balancing act between maximizing loading capability while minimizing weight. An engineer must consider not only the classical static structural yielding failure of a vehicle, but a variety of ways in which structural deformations can in turn, affect the loading conditions driving those deformations. Lift redistribution, divergence, and flutter are exactly such dynamic aeroelastic phenomena that must be properly characterized during the design of a vehicle; to do otherwise is to risk catastrophe. Relevant within the university context is the design of small-scale aircraft for student projects and of particular consideration, the DBF …
Characterizing Wake Roll-Up And Vortex Structure For Delta Wing Configuations Featuring Flow Control Devices At Low Reynolds Number, Jeffrey M. Layng
Characterizing Wake Roll-Up And Vortex Structure For Delta Wing Configuations Featuring Flow Control Devices At Low Reynolds Number, Jeffrey M. Layng
Theses and Dissertations
Various configurations of a cropped delta wing featuring a NACA 0012 wing-section were evaluated experimentally at a Reynolds number of 5.0 x 105 in the Air Force Institute of Technology Low-Speed Wind Tunnel facility. The effects of active flow control (AFC) and passive boundary-layer fences (BLF) were shown to improve high angle of attack delta wing performance. The AFC BLFs were shown to replicate the performance enhancements found in passive BLFs without incurring a drag penalty. An experimental characterization of the wake region is presented to compare the wake roll-up and leading edge vortices for these baseline, passive BLF, …
Exploratory Measurement Of Recession Rates Of Low Temperature Ablators Subjected To Mach 6 Flow, Ross H. Kellet
Exploratory Measurement Of Recession Rates Of Low Temperature Ablators Subjected To Mach 6 Flow, Ross H. Kellet
Theses and Dissertations
The high speed/high-temperature effect of heat shield ablation was simulated in the low-enthalpy AFRL Mach 6 Ludwieg Tube using solid dry ice as a low-temperature sublimator. The experiments utilized both 21 half-angle cones and bi-conic models with a 7 ° half-angle leading edge followed by a 26° half-angle base contained within a cryogenic-cooled stainless steel holder. A method of fabricating dry ice test articles was developed using commercially procured dry ice and custom-made aluminum molds. Tests were performed at Mach 6.1 with a stagnation temperature of 490 K and stagnation pressures ranging from 40 - 500 psi. Unit Reynolds number …
Experimental Study Of Turbulent Flow Heat Transfer And Pressure Loss Over Surfaces With Dense Micro-Depth Dimples Under Viscous Sublayer, Peng Zhang, Yu Rao, Phillip M. Ligrani
Experimental Study Of Turbulent Flow Heat Transfer And Pressure Loss Over Surfaces With Dense Micro-Depth Dimples Under Viscous Sublayer, Peng Zhang, Yu Rao, Phillip M. Ligrani
PRC-Affiliated Research
Presented are experimentally-measured heat transfer and pressure loss characteristics for dimpled surfaces, placed along one surface of a channel, with different ratios of dimple depth to channel height δ/H, and for Reynolds numbers ranging from 10,000 to 70,000. With the same relative dimple spacing to dimple print diameter, and the same ratio of dimple depth to dimple print diameter of δ/d = 0.20, experimental results for arrays of spherical indentation dimples with micro depths of δ = 0.6 and 1.0 mm (δ/H = 0.03 and 0.05) are compared with thermal characteristics for arrays of larger dimples with δ = 4.0 …
Characterization, Design, And Optimization Of Dual-Purpose Wind Turbines And Frost Protection Fans, Ethan Narad
Characterization, Design, And Optimization Of Dual-Purpose Wind Turbines And Frost Protection Fans, Ethan Narad
Master's Theses
This thesis report outlines the creation of a MATLAB tool to design reversible machines that can function as both wind turbines and as agricultural frost protection fans. Frost protection fans are used to prevent crop loss during radiative freeze events during which a temperature inversion is present. Such a dual-purpose machine fundamentally has the constraint that it must use symmetric airfoils, so a suite of tools for automatically designing an optimized wind turbine blade with symmetric airfoils using the Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory approach is presented. The BEM code is then re-derived and adapted for use with a frost …
Flow Structure And Surface Heat Transfer From Numerical Predictions For A Double Wall Effusion Plate With Impingement Jet Array Cooling, Hwabhin Kwon, Phillip M. Ligrani, Sneha Reddy Vanga, Heesung Park
Flow Structure And Surface Heat Transfer From Numerical Predictions For A Double Wall Effusion Plate With Impingement Jet Array Cooling, Hwabhin Kwon, Phillip M. Ligrani, Sneha Reddy Vanga, Heesung Park
PRC-Affiliated Research
To provide additional understanding of double wall cooling arrangements, especially local distributions of flow properties which are responsible for hot-side surface and cold-side surface heat transfer variations, investigated are numerically-simulated distributions of turbulent flow structural characteristics. Also considered are numerically-simulated surface heat transfer characteristics, including comparisons with experimentally-measured distributions. The numerical results are obtained using the ANSYS FLUENT Version 19.1 numerical code, with a k-ω SST turbulence model. The present arrangement includes a full-coverage effusion cooling plate, with coolant initially supplied by an impingement jet array. Considered are the effects of effusion blowing ratio, impingement jet Reynolds number, and streamwise …
Characterization Of Effective Diffusion Within Viscoelastic Fluids With Elastic Instabilities, Valerie Hietsch, Phillip Ligrani, Mengying Su
Characterization Of Effective Diffusion Within Viscoelastic Fluids With Elastic Instabilities, Valerie Hietsch, Phillip Ligrani, Mengying Su
PRC-Affiliated Research
We considered effective diffusion, characterized by magnitudes of effective diffusion coefficients, in order to quantify mass transport due to the onset and development of elastic instabilities. Effective diffusion coefficient magnitudes were determined using different analytic approaches, as they were applied to tracked visualizations of fluorescein dye front variations, as circumferential advection was imposed upon a flow environment produced using a rotating Couette flow arrangement. Effective diffusion coefficient results were provided for a range of flow shear rates, which were produced using different Couette flow rotation speeds and two different flow environment fluid depths. To visualize the flow behavior within the …
Design And Development Of Active Flow Effectors, Konstantinos Kanistras
Design And Development Of Active Flow Effectors, Konstantinos Kanistras
Summer Community of Scholars (RCEU and HCR) Project Proposals
No abstract provided.
Design And Development Of An Online Wind Tunnel, Konstantinos Kanistras
Design And Development Of An Online Wind Tunnel, Konstantinos Kanistras
Summer Community of Scholars (RCEU and HCR) Project Proposals
No abstract provided.
Flame-Generated Turbulence For Flame Acceleration And Detonation Transition, Rachel Hytovick
Flame-Generated Turbulence For Flame Acceleration And Detonation Transition, Rachel Hytovick
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Detonations are a supersonic mode of combustion witnessed in a variety of applications, from next-generation propulsion devices to catastrophic explosions and the formation of supernovas. Detonations are typically initiated through the deflagration to detonation transition (DDT), a detailed process where a subsonic flame undergoes rapid acceleration increasing compressibility until a hotspot forms on the flame front inciting a detonation wave to form. Due to the complex nature of the phenomena, DDT is commonly investigated in three stages – (i) preconditioning, (ii) detonation onset, and (iii) wave propagation and stability. The research presented explores each of these stages individually, with a …
A Study Of Microgravity On Fluid Transport Through Porous Structures In Microfluidic Devices, Sylvain Le Henaff
A Study Of Microgravity On Fluid Transport Through Porous Structures In Microfluidic Devices, Sylvain Le Henaff
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The objective of this study is to refine the understanding of micro-fluidics subject to micro-gravity in an attempt to support future space exploration efforts. A combination of experimental and numerical approaches were utilized to build a validated assessment approach. A quasi-pore geometry, inspired by CT scans of rat bones, was used in lieu of human bone structures. A quasi-1D assessment of the conservation of momentum was used to identify the dominant forces acting on the fluid at the operating length-scales. The dominant forces were surface tension, gravity, and shear stress. Experiments were conducted to visualize the flow moving through the …
Interactions Of Aerosol Droplets With Ventilated Airflows In The Context Of Airborne Pathogen Transmission, Steven Schroeder
Interactions Of Aerosol Droplets With Ventilated Airflows In The Context Of Airborne Pathogen Transmission, Steven Schroeder
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
This multidisciplinary study provides a comprehensive visualization of airborne aerosols and droplets coming into contact with a crossflow of moving air utilizing both experimental particle measuring methods and multiphase computational fluids dynamics (CFD). The aim of this research is to provide a Eulerian visualization of how ventilation can alter the position and density of an aerosol cloud, with the goal of applying this information to our understanding of social distancing ranges within outdoor settings and ventilated rooms. The results indicate that even minor perpendicular crossflows across the trajectory of an aerosol cloud can greatly reduce both the linear displacement and …
The Effects Of Supersonic Reacting Flow Over A Wedge, Taylor R. Brown
The Effects Of Supersonic Reacting Flow Over A Wedge, Taylor R. Brown
Honors Undergraduate Theses
There is a growing need for a fundamental understanding of how detonations are formed and sustained as propulsion technology advances toward the use of detonation-based engines. The deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) phenomenon is studied to better understand both the fundamentals of detonation physics and the conditions surrounding how detonations are formed and sustained. This research aims to study the effects of a wedge on DDT and detonation formation. A hydrogen-air mixture is pumped into a chamber and ignited by a spark plug. Turbulence-driven flame acceleration is induced by turbulators in the chamber through which the flame propagates. The flame then flows …
Vibrations Of Rotationally Periodic Structures: A Metric For Mistuning Characterization And Vibration Localization, Andres Rodriguez
Vibrations Of Rotationally Periodic Structures: A Metric For Mistuning Characterization And Vibration Localization, Andres Rodriguez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Blisk components are an integral part of jet engines and power generation systems. Composed of a single monolithic structure, integral blisks combine the blade-and-disk portion of primary components such as the fan, compressor stage, or turbine stage. This design modification increases the aerodynamic performance while decreasing the cost and eliminating time of assembly. However, these benefits come with the loss of blade-disk connection interfaces, which greatly reduces the structure's damping and its ability to attenuate unwanted structural vibrations. Blisk dynamics are impacted by mistuning, which is a disruption of the periodic symmetry of otherwise identical bladed sections. This disruption degrades …
Comparative Analysis Of Winglet Efficiency On Supercritical Versus Traditionally Cambered Airfoils, Evan Cathers
Comparative Analysis Of Winglet Efficiency On Supercritical Versus Traditionally Cambered Airfoils, Evan Cathers
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
This study serves to define the performance of several industry-recognized and exploratory wing tip devices on aircraft wings utilizing contemporary supercritical airfoil geometry. For comparison, the same examination is performed on a wing comprised of traditionally cambered airfoils, the platform upon which winglets were initially developed. The supercritical wing design is based on that of the Airbus A320, while the conventional airfoil is based upon the Boeing 737-800 platform. Tip devices selected for analysis include blended, raked, split scimitar, fence, and spiroid winglets, as well as tip sails, characterized by the spreading of a bird’s primary flight feathers. Methodology for …
Sensitivity Of Combustion Liner Contour To Sand Ingestion Clogging, Nelson Padilla
Sensitivity Of Combustion Liner Contour To Sand Ingestion Clogging, Nelson Padilla
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
This currently presented work is an evaluation of the characteristics of different cooling hole geometries to particulate ingestion clogging. Experimentation was conducted using a premixed bluff body flame combustor facility to generate high temperature combustor flow conditions. Sand ingestion along the cooling path of the combustion liner was reproduced using an air-assisted seeder providing consistent sand ingestion. Mass flow rate of cooling air was controlled using a sonic orifice downstream of a pressure regulator so that the mass flow rate of the air and sand mixture is independent of the clogging state. Pressure data upstream of a small section of …