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2025

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Full-Text Articles in Engineering

“Science Belongs Everywhere”: Outlooks On Post-Secondary Stem Education For Correctional Centers In Virginia, Shelita R. Augustus Jan 2025

“Science Belongs Everywhere”: Outlooks On Post-Secondary Stem Education For Correctional Centers In Virginia, Shelita R. Augustus

Division of Strategic Enrollment Management and Student Success Publications

Virginia has an incarceration rate of 679 per 100,000 residents, the highest among independent democratic nations. This scoping review examines perspectives on post-secondary STEM education to promote STEM education within Virginia's correctional facilities, assesses programs to improve rehabilitation, reduce recidivism, and address systemic inequalities by developing the scientific potential of incarcerated individuals. The review finds that while STEM education in correctional facilities faces limitations, its potential benefits are being realized nationwide. Virginia has made strides through initiatives like House Bill 2158, which aims to expand higher education access for incarcerated individuals. Examples such as the programs at J. Sargeant Reynolds …

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A Systems-Based Framework For Product Circularity Assessment, Gisele Bortolaz Guedes, Junwon Ko, Fazleena Badurdeen, I. S. Jawahir, K. C. Morris, Vincenzo Ferrero Jan 2025

A Systems-Based Framework For Product Circularity Assessment, Gisele Bortolaz Guedes, Junwon Ko, Fazleena Badurdeen, I. S. Jawahir, K. C. Morris, Vincenzo Ferrero

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

One of the key aspects of Circular Economy (CE), particularly when focusing on the product level, lies in its emphasis on designing products to facilitate the circulation of resources and maximize value throughout their entire lifecycle. To effectively develop such products an understanding of the characteristics of circular products (CP) is needed. Adopting a systems perspective that considers the total lifecycle and stakeholders involved and recognizing interdependencies among them is essential for identifying factors that characterize CPs. Existing methods for assessing product circularity do not identify all factors that charac- terize CPs and have limitations in the measurement methods proposed, …

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Explaining Deep Learning-Based Anomaly Detection In Energy Consumption Data By Focusing On Contextually Relevant Data, Mohammad Noorchenarboo, Katarina Grolinger Jan 2025

Explaining Deep Learning-Based Anomaly Detection In Energy Consumption Data By Focusing On Contextually Relevant Data, Mohammad Noorchenarboo, Katarina Grolinger

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Detecting anomalies in energy consumption data is crucial for identifying energy waste, equipment malfunction, and overall, for ensuring efficient energy management. Machine learning, and specifically deep learning approaches, have been greatly successful in anomaly detection; however, they are black-box approaches that do not provide transparency or explanations. SHAP and its variants have been proposed to explain these models, but they suffer from high computational complexity (SHAP) or instability and inconsistency (e.g., Kernel SHAP). To address these challenges, this paper proposes an explainability approach for anomalies in energy consumption data that focuses on context-relevant information. The proposed approach leverages existing explainability …

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Kolmogorov–Arnold Recurrent Network For Short Term Load Forecasting Across Diverse Consumers, Muhammad Umair Danish, Katarina Grolinger Jan 2025

Kolmogorov–Arnold Recurrent Network For Short Term Load Forecasting Across Diverse Consumers, Muhammad Umair Danish, Katarina Grolinger

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Load forecasting plays a crucial role in energy management, directly impacting grid stability, operational efficiency, cost reduction, and environmental sustainability. Traditional Vanilla Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) face issues such as vanishing and exploding gradients, whereas sophisticated RNNs such as Long Short- Term Memory Networks (LSTMs) have shown considerable success in this domain. However, these models often struggle to accurately capture complex and sudden variations in energy consumption, and their applicability is typically limited to specific consumer types, such as offices or schools. To address these challenges, this paper proposes the Kolmogorov–Arnold Recurrent Network (KARN), a novel load forecasting approach that …

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Leveraging Hypernetworks And Learnable Kernels For Consumer Energy Forecasting Across Diverse Consumer Types, Muhammad Umair Danish, Katarina Grolinger Jan 2025

Leveraging Hypernetworks And Learnable Kernels For Consumer Energy Forecasting Across Diverse Consumer Types, Muhammad Umair Danish, Katarina Grolinger

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Consumer energy forecasting is essential for managing energy consumption and planning, directly influencing operational efficiency, cost reduction, personalized energy management, and sustainability efforts. In recent years, deep learning techniques, especially LSTMs and transformers, have been greatly successful in the field of energy consumption forecasting. Nevertheless, these techniques have difficulties in capturing complex and sudden variations, and, moreover, they are commonly examined only on a specific type of consumer (e.g., only offices, only schools). Consequently, this paper proposes HyperEnergy, a consumer energy forecasting strategy that leverages hypernetworks for improved modeling of complex patterns applicable across a diversity of consumers. Hypernetwork is …

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Recycled Filtered Contaminants From Liquid-Fed Pyrolysis As Novel Building Composite Material, Alessia Romani, Daniel Kulas, Joseph Curro, David R. Shonnard, Joshua Pearce Jan 2025

Recycled Filtered Contaminants From Liquid-Fed Pyrolysis As Novel Building Composite Material, Alessia Romani, Daniel Kulas, Joseph Curro, David R. Shonnard, Joshua Pearce

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Liquid-fed pyrolysis allows the conversion of contaminated postconsumer plastic waste into valuable resources, removing contaminants through wax dissolution and filtration. One of the main challenges is currently represented by the management of its main byproduct, the contaminant-rich retentate from the filtration process. New circular economy strategies are needed to use this waste plastic-based composite as secondary raw materials. Despite the increasing trend in using plastic and plastic-waste composites for the building sector, there are currently limited applications of industrial recycling waste as engineering construction materials, e.g., from pyrolysis. This study evaluates the suitability of contaminant-rich retentate from liquid-fed pyrolysis of …

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Parametric Design Of Easy-Connect Pipe Fitting Components Using Open-Source Cad And Fabrication Using 3d Printing, Abolfazl Taherzadeh Fini, Cameron K. Brooks, Alessia Romani, Anthony G. Straatman, Joshua M. Pearce Jan 2025

Parametric Design Of Easy-Connect Pipe Fitting Components Using Open-Source Cad And Fabrication Using 3d Printing, Abolfazl Taherzadeh Fini, Cameron K. Brooks, Alessia Romani, Anthony G. Straatman, Joshua M. Pearce

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

The amount of non-revenue water, mostly due to leakage, is around 126 billion cubic meters annually worldwide. A more efficient wastewater management strategy would use a parametric design for on-demand, customized pipe fittings, following the principles of distributed manufacturing. To fulfill this need, this study introduces an open-source parametric design of a 3D-printable easy-connect pipe fitting that offers compatibility with different dimensions and materials of pipes available on the market. Custom pipe fittings were 3D printed using a RepRap-class fused filament 3D printer, with polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA), and thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) as …

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3d-Printable Pva-Based Inks Filled With Leather Particle Scraps For Uv-Assisted Direct Ink Writing: Characterization And Printability, Luca Guida, Alessia Romani, Davide Negri, Marco Cavallaro, Marinella Levi Jan 2025

3d-Printable Pva-Based Inks Filled With Leather Particle Scraps For Uv-Assisted Direct Ink Writing: Characterization And Printability, Luca Guida, Alessia Romani, Davide Negri, Marco Cavallaro, Marinella Levi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Despite its significant environmental impacts, leather remains a popular material due to its durability, aesthetics, and mechanical properties. Recycling leather scraps is gaining increasing attention to reduce waste, pollutants, and emissions from pristine raw materials in the tanning industry. Material Extrusion additive manufacturing represents a promising way to recycle leather byproducts as secondary raw materials for new applications. This paper investigates the characterization and printability of photo- and thermal-curable PVA-based inks for UV-assisted Direct Ink Writing filled with leather filler scraps from the tanning industry, i.e., leather shavings. As a cold extrusion process, Direct Ink Writing reduces energy consumption and …

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Developing A Guideline And Feasibility Tool For Highway Infrastructure Readiness For Autonomous Vehicles, Soujanya Pillala Jan 2025

Developing A Guideline And Feasibility Tool For Highway Infrastructure Readiness For Autonomous Vehicles, Soujanya Pillala

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) are one of the advanced technologies that is being developed, and infrastructure modifications supporting AVs will be the next major research that is needed. A systematic literature review methodology is used to explore key parameters needed for implementation of AVs. The key parameters are analyzed against economic implications, costs and projected benefits of the integration of Level 4 and Level 5 AVs into the highway system, offering a nuanced understanding of deployment of AV technologies. The research aims at developing a guideline and framework for highway infrastructure readiness for AVs, a toolbox for policy makers and government …

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Material Suppliers’ Perspective On Collaboration In Industrial Construction Projects, Seogjae Choi, William J. O'Brien Jan 2025

Material Suppliers’ Perspective On Collaboration In Industrial Construction Projects, Seogjae Choi, William J. O'Brien

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Material suppliers' involvement in construction project planning has been recommended as an effective measure to improve project performance by using their expertise. However, the recommendation is not universal, and some researchers disputed the value of early involvement of suppliers depending on material type. Moreover, prior studies considered main contractors' and owners' perspectives mostly in examining how to increase the involvement of suppliers. To add material suppliers' perspective, this study conducted interviews with experienced professionals from 16 material suppliers including standardized, make-to-order, and custom products. The results are specified by separating the type of materials and sub-phases of planning. The results …

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Hydraulic Connectivity And Hydrochemistry Influence Microbial Community Structure In Agriculturally Affected Alluvial Aquifers In The Midwestern United States, Hunter W. Schroer, Kendra Markland, Fangqiong Ling, Craig L. Just Jan 2025

Hydraulic Connectivity And Hydrochemistry Influence Microbial Community Structure In Agriculturally Affected Alluvial Aquifers In The Midwestern United States, Hunter W. Schroer, Kendra Markland, Fangqiong Ling, Craig L. Just

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Alluvial aquifers can provide ecosystem services and drinking water but much remains unknown about human effects on aquifer microbiomes. Therefore, we used amplicon sequencing and hydro chemical characterization to pair microbial communities with environmental conditions across 37 alluvial aquifer wells. The study region spanned eastern Iowa and southern Minnesota (USA) and contained a combination of drinking water and monitoring wells. In terms of microbial ecology, dominant phyla across the wells included Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Patescibacteria, Planctomycetota, and Nitrospirota. Tritium, an indicator of infiltration and surface water influence, was the highest correlated variable with the Shannon index (α-diversity) by the Spearman rank …

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Securing Iac:Comparing Checkov, Terrascan, And Tfsec On Aws And Azure, Maliha Binte Ruhul Amin, David White Jan 2025

Securing Iac:Comparing Checkov, Terrascan, And Tfsec On Aws And Azure, Maliha Binte Ruhul Amin, David White

Academic Poster Collection

Securing IaC:Comparing Checkov, Terrascan, and Tfsec on AWS and Azure

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Comparison Of Kafka Operators: Strimzi Vs Koperator Vs Confluent: A Comprehensive Industry Analysis, Ankit Anthony, Gary Clynch Jan 2025

Comparison Of Kafka Operators: Strimzi Vs Koperator Vs Confluent: A Comprehensive Industry Analysis, Ankit Anthony, Gary Clynch

Academic Poster Collection

Comparison of Kafka Operators: Strimzi vs Koperator vs Confluent: A Comprehensive Industry Analysis

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Analysis Of Impact Of Configuration Choice Upon Azure Service Bus Performance, Brian Skehan, Mary Rose Donnelly Jan 2025

Analysis Of Impact Of Configuration Choice Upon Azure Service Bus Performance, Brian Skehan, Mary Rose Donnelly

Academic Poster Collection

Analysis of impact of configuration choice upon Azure Service Bus performance.

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Comparative Analysis Of Mysql And Mongodb In A High-Concurrency System, Gabriel Solares, Cormac Keogh Jan 2025

Comparative Analysis Of Mysql And Mongodb In A High-Concurrency System, Gabriel Solares, Cormac Keogh

Academic Poster Collection

Comparative Analysis of MySQL and MongoDB in a High-Concurrency System

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Analysis Of Functional Programming Languages For Use In Serverless Lambda Functions On Aws Platform, William Spain, Gary Clynch Jan 2025

Analysis Of Functional Programming Languages For Use In Serverless Lambda Functions On Aws Platform, William Spain, Gary Clynch

Academic Poster Collection

Analysis of functional programming languages for use in serverless lambda functions on AWS platform

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A Comparison Of Terraform And Bicep Quality Attributes, Colm O'Hara, Kevin Bayliss Jan 2025

A Comparison Of Terraform And Bicep Quality Attributes, Colm O'Hara, Kevin Bayliss

Academic Poster Collection

A Comparison of Terraform and BICEP Quality Attributes

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Comparing Kubernetes And Nomad For Hosting .Net Legacy Workloads In Azure, Luke Osbourne, Omar Portillo Jan 2025

Comparing Kubernetes And Nomad For Hosting .Net Legacy Workloads In Azure, Luke Osbourne, Omar Portillo

Academic Poster Collection

Comparing Kubernetes and Nomad for hosting .NET legacy workloads in Azure

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Evaluating Kubernetes Security Mechanisms For Dos Prevention: A Comparative Analysis Of Multi-Layer Protection Strategies, Sergej Dikun, Omar Portillo Jan 2025

Evaluating Kubernetes Security Mechanisms For Dos Prevention: A Comparative Analysis Of Multi-Layer Protection Strategies, Sergej Dikun, Omar Portillo

Academic Poster Collection

Evaluating Kubernetes Security Mechanisms for DOS Prevention: A Comparative Analysis of Multi-layer Protection Strategies

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Improving Iac Script Quality: Evaluating Static Analysis Tools And Establishing Best Practices, Isha Rai, Kevin Bayliss Jan 2025

Improving Iac Script Quality: Evaluating Static Analysis Tools And Establishing Best Practices, Isha Rai, Kevin Bayliss

Academic Poster Collection

Improving IaC Script Quality: Evaluating Static Analysis Tools and Establishing Best Practices

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Comparative Cost And Capacity Analysis Of Managed Service And Non-Managed Service Api Gateway Architectures On Leading Cloud Platforms, George Brown, Cormac Keogh Jan 2025

Comparative Cost And Capacity Analysis Of Managed Service And Non-Managed Service Api Gateway Architectures On Leading Cloud Platforms, George Brown, Cormac Keogh

Academic Poster Collection

Comparative Cost and Capacity Analysis of Managed Service and Non-Managed Service API Gateway Architectures on Leading Cloud Platforms

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The Irish Food Manufacturing Industry’S Preparedness For Nis2 Cybersecurity, Niall Mcgowan, Mary Rose Donnelly Jan 2025

The Irish Food Manufacturing Industry’S Preparedness For Nis2 Cybersecurity, Niall Mcgowan, Mary Rose Donnelly

Academic Poster Collection

The Irish Food Manufacturing Industry’s Preparedness for NIS2 Cybersecurity

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A Comparison Of Aks And K3s On Vmss, Craig Dillon, Omar Portillo Jan 2025

A Comparison Of Aks And K3s On Vmss, Craig Dillon, Omar Portillo

Academic Poster Collection

A Comparison of AKS and K3s on VMSS

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Comparison Of Asynchronous Architectural Patterns On Aws & Gcp Using Terraform, Alan Mcgee, Mary Rose Donnelly Jan 2025

Comparison Of Asynchronous Architectural Patterns On Aws & Gcp Using Terraform, Alan Mcgee, Mary Rose Donnelly

Academic Poster Collection

Comparison of Asynchronous Architectural Patterns on AWS & GCP Using Terraform

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Principles Of Advanced Manufacturing For Engineers, Xin Zhao, Walid Asad, Subha Majumder, Chenyang Zhu Jan 2025

Principles Of Advanced Manufacturing For Engineers, Xin Zhao, Walid Asad, Subha Majumder, Chenyang Zhu

Manufacturing

No abstract provided.

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Reduced Set-Shifting Processing Speed In Male Rats Following Low Dose (10 Cgy) Proton Exposure, Hui Ho Vanessa Chang, Gyutae Kim, Kyu-Sung Kim, Richard A. Britten Jan 2025

Reduced Set-Shifting Processing Speed In Male Rats Following Low Dose (10 Cgy) Proton Exposure, Hui Ho Vanessa Chang, Gyutae Kim, Kyu-Sung Kim, Richard A. Britten

Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases (CINID) Faculty Publications

Space radiation (SR) exposure poses significant biomedical risks, including effects on the central nervous system (CNS). These risks are particularly relevant to cognitive function during long-duration space missions. One critical cognitive skill is decision-making, which requires attentional set-shifting (ATSET)—the ability to quickly assess problems, evaluate options, and select the best actions. Previous studies have shown that exposure to However, the impact of low LET (< 1 keV/μm) protons, which significantly contribute to the total radiation flux astronauts encounter within spacecraft, on ATSET performance is unknown. To address this gap, we evaluated the effects of cranial irradiation with 10 cGy of 100 MeV/n protons (LET = 0.732 keV/μm) on ATSET performance in male Sprague-Dawley rats. We also investigated whether concurrent exposure to variable gravity (hypergravity step-up, step down, purported to have the same effect as exposure to microgravity (another major spaceflight stressor) exacerbated SR-induced cognitive deficits. Our findings indicate that proton exposure alone significantly impaired ATSET performance, as evidenced by decreased processing speed while performing compound discrimination reversal and extra-dimensional shifting. Notably, no additive or synergistic effects were observed when hypergravity was combined with proton exposure. The impact that low-dose proton exposure has on CNS functionality, particularly in reducing processing speed during complex tasks, warrant further investigation. If similar cognitive deficits were to occur in astronauts exposed to galactic cosmic rays, mission success and safety could be significantly compromised.

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Foundational Robotics, Akshit Lunia, Ananya Nagabhushana Rao, Yue Wang Jan 2025

Foundational Robotics, Akshit Lunia, Ananya Nagabhushana Rao, Yue Wang

Robotics

This textbook is a product of Co-DREAM OER (Collaborative Development of Robotics, Mechatronics, and Advanced Manufacturing Open Educational Resources), a US Department of Education-funded initiative to develop Open Educational Resource textbooks on robotics, mechatronics, and advanced manufacturing processes. It has been created by a diverse team of scholars and graduate students from across the country and is intended for higher-level robotics courses offered by 4-year undergraduate programs.

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Forecasting State-Level Construction Labor Earnings For Enhanced Project Cost Control: An Econometric And Deep-Learning Analysis Of The Leading Economic Indicators, Ahmed Shiha, Islam H. El-Adaway Jan 2025

Forecasting State-Level Construction Labor Earnings For Enhanced Project Cost Control: An Econometric And Deep-Learning Analysis Of The Leading Economic Indicators, Ahmed Shiha, Islam H. El-Adaway

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

As a major input to several work packages, the labor element constitutes a critical component for successful performance of construction projects. Localized labor shortages, fundamental changes in prevailing wage laws, and historical shifts in the unionization rates of construction workers impair the adequate estimation of construction labor costs in diverse labor market dynamics. Meanwhile, existing studies have utilized national-level indicators to study the trends of construction labor costs, but the relationship between the multifaceted local economic factors and state-level construction labor costs remains understudied. This paper fills such a knowledge gap. A three-stage methodology is adopted: (1) data collection of …

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Cold Atmospheric Plasma Induced Degradation Of Organophosphate Pesticides On Kevlar Swatches, Ta Chun Lin, Victor Somtochukwu Mbanugo, Boluwatife Stephen Ojo, Yue-Wern Huang, Marek Locmelis, Frank Daoru Han Jan 2025

Cold Atmospheric Plasma Induced Degradation Of Organophosphate Pesticides On Kevlar Swatches, Ta Chun Lin, Victor Somtochukwu Mbanugo, Boluwatife Stephen Ojo, Yue-Wern Huang, Marek Locmelis, Frank Daoru Han

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) was evaluated for degrading organophosphate pesticide (OP) residues (acephate, malathion, and dimethoate) from Kevlar fabrics. Fourier transform-Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging and tensile strength testing confirmed that CAP treatment preserved Kevlar's structural integrity and mechanical properties. Results show degradation efficiency increased with higher power, shorter discharge gaps, and longer exposure duration. Hyperspectral imaging supported the detection of plasma-induced spectral changes, reinforcing the presence of reactive species. The strong oxidative potential of CAP facilitated the rapid breakdown of OPs into nontoxic byproducts. These findings demonstrate the potential of CAP as a portable, energy-efficient solution …

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Guest Editorial, Li Ai, Xiao Tan, Arslan Akbar, Guirong Yan Jan 2025

Guest Editorial, Li Ai, Xiao Tan, Arslan Akbar, Guirong Yan

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

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