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2018

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Articles 6271 - 6300 of 8951

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Unified Approach To Sustainability, Resiliency And Risk Assessments, Thomas Robbins, Bhaskar Chittoori, Amit Gajurel, Robert Hamilton Jan 2018

Unified Approach To Sustainability, Resiliency And Risk Assessments, Thomas Robbins, Bhaskar Chittoori, Amit Gajurel, Robert Hamilton

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Generally, researchers consider sustainability and resiliency aspects of infrastructure projects independently, without considering the relationship that exists between them. Unified approaches that combine sustainability, resiliency, and analyze risk are very minimal. This paper proposes a unified approach to assessing sustainability, resiliency, and risk for infrastructure via evaluating the performance of a tailings dam under various earthquake magnitudes. A tailings dam is typically in operation for many years, which means they may have a direct impact on the local environment, society, and economy. Due to the extended life of the dam, the probability of a major event occurring that could negatively …

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Compound Glass Microsphere Resonator Devices, Jibo Yu, Elfed Lewis, Gerald Farrell, Pengfei Wang Jan 2018

Compound Glass Microsphere Resonator Devices, Jibo Yu, Elfed Lewis, Gerald Farrell, Pengfei Wang

Articles

In recent years, compound glass microsphere resonator devices have attracted increasing interest and have been widely used in sensing, microsphere lasers, and nonlinear optics. Compared with traditional silica resonators, compound glass microsphere resonators have many significant and attractive properties, such as high-Q factor, an ability to achieve high rare earth ion, wide infrared transmittance, and low phonon energy. This review provides a summary and a critical assessment of the fabrication and the optical characterization of compound glasses and the related fabrication and applications of compound glass microsphere resonators.

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Detecting Clickbait: Here’S How To Do It, Christopher Brogly, Victoria Rubin Jan 2018

Detecting Clickbait: Here’S How To Do It, Christopher Brogly, Victoria Rubin

Data and Test Instruments

Automatic clickbait detection is a relatively novel task in natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML). “Clickbait” is a hyperlink created primarily to attract attention to its target content. This article introduces a binary classifier, the Language and Information Technology Research Lab (LiT.RL, pronounced “literal”) Clickbait Detector, which automatically distinguishes clickbait from nonclickbait. We used NLP and ML for 38 textual features, contrasting clickbait with “headlinese.” When tested on 11,000 hyperlinks, it achieves 94 per cent accuracy using a support vector machine. Integrated with the LiT.RL News Verification Browser, a downloadable stand-alone research tool, the Clickbait Detector user interface …

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Ua66/1/1 Spring "New"Sletter, Issue 16, Wku Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Jan 2018

Ua66/1/1 Spring "New"Sletter, Issue 16, Wku Ogden College Of Science & Engineering

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by and about WKU Ogden College of Science & Engineering.

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Aerodynamic Design And Analysis Of A Large-Scale Stall-Regulated H-Type Vertical Axis Wind Turbine For An Offshire Floating Installation, Brian Peter Hand Jan 2018

Aerodynamic Design And Analysis Of A Large-Scale Stall-Regulated H-Type Vertical Axis Wind Turbine For An Offshire Floating Installation, Brian Peter Hand

PhDs

Wind energy has witnessed a consistent expansion over the past decade, especially with the move to offshore installation. There is an increasing need to further exploit superior offshore wind resources, which is pushing multi-megawatt wind turbines into deeper water locations where the current popular horizontal axis wind turbine configuration is not entirely suitable. In particular, there has been a renewed interest in the vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) configuration due to its inherent design attributes for an offshore floating application and also its potential to provide a significant reduction in the system cost of energy. However, challenges still remain as …

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Energising Dairy Decisions, John Upton, Philip Shine, Michael Breen, Michael D. Murphy Jan 2018

Energising Dairy Decisions, John Upton, Philip Shine, Michael Breen, Michael D. Murphy

Publications

A new tool developed by Teagasc researchers easily and quickly allows dairy farmers to see their energy usage and evaluate how renewable sources could decrease energy costs.

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The Effect Of Cognitive Limb Embodiment On Vascular Physiological Response, Hala Elsir Mustafa Osman Jan 2018

The Effect Of Cognitive Limb Embodiment On Vascular Physiological Response, Hala Elsir Mustafa Osman

ETD Archive

The rubber hand illusion (RHI) is a visual-tactile perceptual illusion commonly used to study body ownership. In this paradigm, a rubber hand is positioned in front of a participant, and the person’s real hand is hidden from sight behind a barrier. When the real hand and the rubber hand are stroked synchronously, individuals perceive the rubber hand as if it were their own; it becomes “embodied.” This illusory experience of body ownership is associated with multimodal integration of touch and vision. From these visual-tactile-cognitive mechanisms, we establish that our hands belong to us when what we see matches what we …

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Human Activity Tracking And Recognition Using Kinect Sensor, Roanna Lun Jan 2018

Human Activity Tracking And Recognition Using Kinect Sensor, Roanna Lun

ETD Archive

The objective of this dissertation research is to use Kinect sensor, a motion sensing input device, to develop an integrated software system that can be used for tracking non-compliant activity postures of consented health-care workers for assisting the workers' compliance to best practices, allowing individualized gestures for privacy-aware user registration, movement recognition using rule-based algorithm, real-time feedback, and exercises data collection. The research work also includes developing a graphical user interface and data visualization program for illustrating statistical information for administrator, as well as utilizing cloud based database system used for data resource.

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Non-Intrusive Optical Measurement Of Electron Temperature In Near Field Plume Of Hall Thruster, Peter J. Urban Jan 2018

Non-Intrusive Optical Measurement Of Electron Temperature In Near Field Plume Of Hall Thruster, Peter J. Urban

ETD Archive

Currently there is a large interest in the use of more efficient means of propulsion in long term missions due to the costs and difficulties associated with placing and maintaining the needed fuel for conventional chemical systems in orbit. Mass reduction of upper stages will return large returns due to the great reduction in required lower stage fuel. Due to these factors, alternatives are undergoing active research, though this paper is concerned with the area of electrical propulsion. Electric propulsion is broadly defined as propulsion where the energization of the exhaust occurs via application of electromagnetic fields as opposed to …

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Limits Of Small Scale Pressure Swing Adsorption, Aaron A. Moran Jan 2018

Limits Of Small Scale Pressure Swing Adsorption, Aaron A. Moran

ETD Archive

Portable or small scale pressure swing adsorption (PSA) systems have gained increasing popularity in both industry and literature due to the commercial success of personal oxygen concentrators (POCs). While these processes have much in common with larger PSA systems, significant differences exist that make understanding process limitations difficult. These include faster cycle times, smaller adsorbent particles, and a reduced column size. Macropore diffusion is traditionally assumed to control the mass transfer rate in columns packed with zeolite particles in an oxygen production process. While numerous studies have confirmed this assumption for the particle size used in industrial size PSA processes, …

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Characterizing The Effects Of High-Intensity Exercise On Balance And Gait Under Dual-Task Conditions In Parkinson’S Disease, El Iva Baron Jan 2018

Characterizing The Effects Of High-Intensity Exercise On Balance And Gait Under Dual-Task Conditions In Parkinson’S Disease, El Iva Baron

ETD Archive

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by four cardinal motor symptoms including bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural instability, and non-motor symptoms including cognitive impairment. Daily activities, such as walking and maintaining balance, are impacted due to impairments in motor function, and are further exacerbated with the addition of cognitive loading, or dual-tasking (DT). High-intensity exercise has demonstrated centrally-mediated improvements of PD symptoms, with additional positive effects on overall health. The goal of this project was to identify changes in dynamic balance recovery and gait function under conditions with and without increased cognitive load after a high-intensity exercise intervention …

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Neuromuscular Reflex Control For Prostheses And Exoskeletons, Sandra K. Hnat Jan 2018

Neuromuscular Reflex Control For Prostheses And Exoskeletons, Sandra K. Hnat

ETD Archive

Recent powered lower-limb prosthetic and orthotic (P/O) devices aim to restore legged mobility for persons with an amputation or spinal cord injury. Though various control strategies have been proposed for these devices, specifically finite-state impedance controllers, natural gait mechanics are not usually achieved. The goal of this project was to invent a biologically-inspired controller for powered P/O devices. We hypothesize that a more muscle-like actuation system, including spinal reflexes and vestibular feedback, can achieve able-bodied walking and also respond to outside perturbations. The outputs of the Virtual Muscle Reflex (VMR) controller are joint torque commands, sent to the electric motors …

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Feasibility Of Using An Equilibrium Point Strategy To Control Reaching Movements Of Paralyzed Arms With Functional Electrical Stimulation, Matthew Huffman Jan 2018

Feasibility Of Using An Equilibrium Point Strategy To Control Reaching Movements Of Paralyzed Arms With Functional Electrical Stimulation, Matthew Huffman

ETD Archive

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a technology capable of improving the quality of life for those with the loss of limb movement related to spinal cord injuries. Individuals with high-level tetraplegia, in particular, have lost all movement capabilities below the neck. FES has shown promise in bypassing spinal cord damage by sending electrical impulses directly to a nerve or muscle to trigger a desired function. Despite advancements in FES, full-arm reaching motions have not been achieved, leaving patients unable to perform fundamental tasks such as eating and grooming. To overcome the inability in current FES models to achieve multi-joint coordination, …

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A Synthesis Platform For Temperature Responsive Star Polymers, Schmitt J. Richard Jr. Jan 2018

A Synthesis Platform For Temperature Responsive Star Polymers, Schmitt J. Richard Jr.

ETD Archive

Star polymers are a class of branched polymers comprised of several polymer chains extending from a central point. Star polymers have applications in biopharmaceuticals where they have been proposed to be suitable drug delivery vehicles. Star polymers have traditionally been synthesized through chemical synthesis with added functionality provided by grafting on the arms. This complex synthesis can be simplified by using a biosynthetic approach which enables precise control of molecular weight and composition. This approach is demonstrated using star polymers with arms composed of a temperature responsive protein-based polymer termed elastin-like polypeptide (ELP). Star polymers are characterized based on the …

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Real-Time Assessment And Visual Feedback For Patient Rehabilitation Using Inertial Sensors, Deepa Adinarayanan Jan 2018

Real-Time Assessment And Visual Feedback For Patient Rehabilitation Using Inertial Sensors, Deepa Adinarayanan

ETD Archive

Rehabilitation exercises needs have been continuously increasing and have been projected to increase in future as well based on its demand for aging population, recovering from surgery, injury and illness and the living and working lifestyle of the people. This research aims to tackle one of the most critical issues faced by the exercise administers-Adherence or Non-Adherence to Home Exercise problems especially has been a significant issue resulting in extensive research on the psychological analysis of people involved. In this research, a solution is provided to increase the adherence of such programs through an automated real-time assessment with constant visual …

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Influence Of Natural Convection During Dendritic Array Growth Of Metal Alloys (Gradient Freeze Directional Solidification), Suyog N. Mahajan Jan 2018

Influence Of Natural Convection During Dendritic Array Growth Of Metal Alloys (Gradient Freeze Directional Solidification), Suyog N. Mahajan

ETD Archive

Purpose of this study was to examine the microstructural evolution of primary dendrites during Gradient Freeze Directional Solidification process in cylindrical Pb-5.8% Sb alloy samples to generate the ground- based research data to support a future microgravity experiment on the Space Station in a convection free environment. Pb-5.8Sb was selected for this study because of its ease of processing and availability of physical property data which will be required for predicting the dendrite morphology parameters, such as, primary dendrite spacing and dendrite trunk diameter. This alloy is also susceptible to thermosolutal convection caused by density inversion of the met in …

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Effect Of History On The Binary Adsorption Equilibria Of Aluminium Terephthalate (Mil-53(Al)), Ufuoma Israel Kara Jan 2018

Effect Of History On The Binary Adsorption Equilibria Of Aluminium Terephthalate (Mil-53(Al)), Ufuoma Israel Kara

ETD Archive

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly porous solids with potential applications in a wide range of fields including gas separations and catalysis. Most of porous solids used in these applications such as zeolites and activated carbon usually have rigid structures. In contrast, a number of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit structural transformation in response to external stimuli. Such materials show promise for applications such as sensors, actuators and adsorptive separations. Several thermodynamic formalisms were proposed in literature to explain this phenomenon, often known as gate-opening or “breathing” of the MOF material. In this study, the adsorptive behavior of MIL-53(Al), a MOF …

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Stabilization Of Hypoxia Inducible Factor By Cobalt Chloride Can Alter Renal Transepithelial, Subhra Sankar Nag Jan 2018

Stabilization Of Hypoxia Inducible Factor By Cobalt Chloride Can Alter Renal Transepithelial, Subhra Sankar Nag

ETD Archive

Kidney cyst expansion, stagnant fluid accumulation, and insufficient vascular supply can result in localized chronic ischemia-hypoxia in kidney cysts, as well as in normal renal epithelia adjacent to a cyst. We hypothesize that in normal epithelia near a cyst, the stabilization of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1a (HIF1a), a major regulator of cellular response to hypoxia, can cause altered paracellular and transcellular transport, transforming a normal absorptive phenotype to a secretory and paracellularly leaky phenotype, leading to cyst expansion. Using 100 µmol/L cobalt chloride (CoCl2), HIF1a was stabilized in cellular nucleus of a mouse cortical collecting duct cell line (mCCD 1296 …

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Continuous Human Activity Tracking Over A Large Area With Multiple Kinect Sensors, Akshat C. Hans Jan 2018

Continuous Human Activity Tracking Over A Large Area With Multiple Kinect Sensors, Akshat C. Hans

ETD Archive

In recent years, researchers had been inquisitive about the use of technology to enhance the healthcare and wellness of patients with dementia. Dementia symptoms are associated with the decline in thinking skills and memory severe enough to reduce a person’s ability to pay attention and perform daily activities. Progression of dementia can be assessed by monitoring the daily activities of the patients. This thesis encompasses continuous localization and behavioral analysis of patient’s motion pattern over a wide area indoor living space using multiple calibrated Kinect sensors connected over the network. The skeleton data from all the sensor is transferred to …

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School Logo Cleveland State University Logo Title Evolutionary Optimization For Safe Navigation Of An Autonomous Robot In Cluttered Dynamic Unknown Environments, Arash Roshanineshat Jan 2018

School Logo Cleveland State University Logo Title Evolutionary Optimization For Safe Navigation Of An Autonomous Robot In Cluttered Dynamic Unknown Environments, Arash Roshanineshat

ETD Archive

We present a path planning approach based on probabilistic methods for a robot to navigate in a cluttered, dynamic, unknown environment. There are dynamic obstacles moving around and static obstacles located in the map. The robot does not have any prior information about them but should be able to navigate through the map beginning from a known starting point and safely ending at a known target point. The only information the robot has is the location of the starting point and the target point and it uses sensory information to collect information about its surroundings. Our method is compared to …

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Determination Of Growth Kinetics, Yield Coefficients And Biodiesel Properties For The Green Microalgae Scenedesmus Dimorphus In Freshwater And Saline Medias, Morgan L. Cohara Jan 2018

Determination Of Growth Kinetics, Yield Coefficients And Biodiesel Properties For The Green Microalgae Scenedesmus Dimorphus In Freshwater And Saline Medias, Morgan L. Cohara

ETD Archive

Of the many alternative resources capable of generating biofuel, microalgal oil serves as a promising feedstock. Unfortunately, biodiesel production from microalgae is currently hindered by high operational costs. One primary causes for these high costs is the large quantity of freshwater required for cultivation. This experiment was designed to assess the feasibility of growing the green, freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus dimorphus in an increasingly saline environment. Both average yield coefficients and growth rates were monitored with increasing salt concentration. Determination of average yield coefficients allows for process scale-up and the optimization of production costs by minimizing raw material waste. Salinity was …

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Predictive Simulations Of Gait And Their Application In Prosthesis Design, Anne D. Koelewijin Jan 2018

Predictive Simulations Of Gait And Their Application In Prosthesis Design, Anne D. Koelewijin

ETD Archive

Predictive simulations predict human gait by solving a trajectory optimization problem by minimizing energy expenditure. These simulations could predict the effect of a prosthesis on gait before its use. This dissertation has four aims, to show the application of predictive simulations in prosthesis design and to improve the quality of predictive simulations. Aim 1 was to explain joint moment asymmetry in the knee and hip in gait of persons with a transtibial amputation (TTA gait). Predictive simulations showed that an asymmetric gait required less effort. However, a small effort increase yielded a gait with increased joint moment symmetry and reduced …

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High-Throughput Metabolism-Induced Toxicity Assays On A 384-Pillar Plate, Sooyeion Kang Jan 2018

High-Throughput Metabolism-Induced Toxicity Assays On A 384-Pillar Plate, Sooyeion Kang

ETD Archive

The U.S Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) launched the Transform Tox Testing Challenge in 2016 with the goal of developing practical methods that can be integrated into conventional high-throughput screening (HTS) assays to better predict the toxicity of parent compounds and their metabolites in vivo. In response to this need and to retrofit existing HTS assays for assessing metabolism-induced toxicity of compounds, we have developed a 384-pillar plate that is complementary to traditional 384-well plates and ideally suited for culturing human cells in three dimensions (3D) at a microscale. Briefly, human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells in a mixture of alginate …

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Color Removal From Combined Dye And Fruit Nectar Wastewater Using Adsorption And Microfiltration, Oluwatobiloba A. Akinwande Jan 2018

Color Removal From Combined Dye And Fruit Nectar Wastewater Using Adsorption And Microfiltration, Oluwatobiloba A. Akinwande

ETD Archive

Pollution of the waterways is a great challenge of the 21st century. Textile effluents contain compounds which have the capacity to cause more harm when ingested. There are many dye removal technologies like coagulation, photo oxidation which help to remove color from dye wastewater. The use of adsorption to remove color from dye wastewater has been used for many centuries. Activated carbon can efficiently remove color from dye wastewater but it is very expensive and so different researches have been conducted to get the adsorption capacity of different forms of adsorbents. These adsorbents can be gotten from agricultural waste, biomass, …

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Factors Affecting Minimum Dissolved Oxygen Concentration In Streams, Chistopher Robert Huhnke Jan 2018

Factors Affecting Minimum Dissolved Oxygen Concentration In Streams, Chistopher Robert Huhnke

ETD Archive

Modeling water quality has been shown to be a useful tool in strategizing water quality management. Dissolved oxygen (DO) has one of the largest impacts on water quality compared to other parameters. The purpose of the dissertation research is to generate a regression equation model, using the US EPA QUAL2K model as the base, to determine different factors affecting minimum dissolved oxygen concentrations in streams, to determine the critical distance for the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, and the magnitude of impact of each parameter. Based on regression analysis, the factors affecting minimum DO in river water are effluent biochemical oxygen …

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A Transformative Process Control Solution, Simone Castanho Nobrega De Almedia Soares Jan 2018

A Transformative Process Control Solution, Simone Castanho Nobrega De Almedia Soares

ETD Archive

Knowing that a technology invented almost hundred years ago (PID controller) is still dominating industrial process control, a historical review was done to understand how the control field evolved. Model dependency and high level of mathematics appear as the main reasons that prevent other technologies from penetrating the engineering practice. A relatively novel methodology introduced by J. Han in 1998 called Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) came with characteristics that matches process control needs and restrictions on model dependency. This study will present a transformative solution for process control based on that. The control algorithm is designed and discretized for …

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Adsorption And Microfiltration Processes To Treat Dye And Coffee Wastewater., Abhiram Siva Prasad Pamula Jan 2018

Adsorption And Microfiltration Processes To Treat Dye And Coffee Wastewater., Abhiram Siva Prasad Pamula

ETD Archive

Wastewater from coffee processing industry creates high biological and chemical oxygen demand in the surface water. In addition to coffee wastewater from coffee industry, dyes from textile industry enter surface water affecting water quality in terms of transmissivity of light. Adsorption is an economical wastewater treatment process to remove color from dye and coffee wastewater. In the current thesis, adsorption using low-cost adsorbents like peanut hull and onion peel are used to treat combined dye and coffee wastewater. Three representative dyes including acid black 48, disperse yellow 3, crystal violet certified with processed coffee is used in preparing batch adsorption …

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Drughelp.Care – A Web Application For The Discovery Of Drug Addiction Treatment Facilities, Sachin Hiriyanna Jan 2018

Drughelp.Care – A Web Application For The Discovery Of Drug Addiction Treatment Facilities, Sachin Hiriyanna

ETD Archive

One of the current and biggest problems in the system of emergency care for the drug overdose epidemic, is the failure of information delivery on nearby treatment facilities. Even though some initiatives on the internet tried to solve this issue, they either failed in delivering the information or in providing ease of usability. This thesis research aims to develop a web application which, 1. Delivers a highly accurate, easy-to-understand and targeted information in a timely manner for drug abusers and their well-wishers. 2. Provides an eco-system for the treatment facilities with an easy-to-use backend to constantly update their complex information …

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Designing Novel Grooved Pallets For Industrial Application, Mirza Mohammed Abdullah Baig Jan 2018

Designing Novel Grooved Pallets For Industrial Application, Mirza Mohammed Abdullah Baig

ETD Archive

The purpose of this study was to model an improved pallet design which could overcome the drawbacks and failures of the pallets available in the market today. The new modeled pallets were designed to improve the capacity of the individual pallets and thereby increase the efficiency of the material handling process. The new modeled pallets were also designed with the aim to replace the racking system used for storage in the warehouse industry. The study was performed using two finite element analysis software, SOLIDWORKS and ANSYS, as analysis tools to study the behavior of the design under various real world …

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An Anisotropic Constitutive Model For Nuclear Grade Graphite, James Christopher Jan 2018

An Anisotropic Constitutive Model For Nuclear Grade Graphite, James Christopher

ETD Archive

Graphite material is used extensively in nuclear reactors however the material has a limited strain range for elastic behavior. This provides the motivation to derive a constitutive model that captures the inelastic deformations exhibited by this material. This dissertation first presents details of an isotropic constitutive model derived using continuum principles of engineering mechanics that accounts for different inelastic behavior in tension and compression. An inelastic dissipation function was developed using an integrity basis proposed by Green and Mkrtichian (1977) for the isotropic version of the model. This isotropic model was then extended to capture anisotropic stress-strain behavior using directional …

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