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2016

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Articles 9481 - 9510 of 9590

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Stability Analysis Of An Asymmetrical Six-Phase Synchronous Motor, Arif Iqbal, Gk Singh, Vinay Pant Jan 2016

Stability Analysis Of An Asymmetrical Six-Phase Synchronous Motor, Arif Iqbal, Gk Singh, Vinay Pant

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper deals the stability analysis of a six-phase synchronous motor using eigenvalue criteria from its linearized model, so that the small displacement stability during steady-state condition can be accessed. Eigenvalue provides a simple but effective means for the stability analysis of a motor. An association between eigenvalues and motor parameters has been established, followed by the formulation of transfer functions and plotting the root locus of system, employing the dq0 approach in the MATLAB environment.

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Bone Age Determination In Young Children (Newborn To 6 Years Old) Using Support Vector Machines, Gür Emre Güraksin, Harun Uğuz, Ömer Kaan Baykan Jan 2016

Bone Age Determination In Young Children (Newborn To 6 Years Old) Using Support Vector Machines, Gür Emre Güraksin, Harun Uğuz, Ömer Kaan Baykan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Bone age is assessed through a radiological analysis of the left-hand wrist and is then compared to chronological age. A conflict between these two values indicates an abnormality in the development process of the skeleton. This study, conducted on children aged between 0 and 6 years, proposes a computer-based diagnostic system to eliminate the disadvantages of the methods used in bone age determination. For this purpose, primarily an image processing procedure was applied to the X-ray images of the left-hand wrist of children from different ethnic groups aged between 0 and 6 years. A total of 9 features, corresponding to …

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Optimal Power Flow By Considering System Security Cost And Small Signal Stability Constraints, Mohammad Sarvi, Mohammad Reza Salimian Jan 2016

Optimal Power Flow By Considering System Security Cost And Small Signal Stability Constraints, Mohammad Sarvi, Mohammad Reza Salimian

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The main objective of optimal power flow is to find the proper operating point for the power system. In this paper, the optimal power flow by considering system security cost (OPFSC) and the small signal stability constraint is presented. For this purpose, the total profit of the system by considering the system constraints is optimized. The total profit of the system is equal to the combination of profit from the active power consumption, active power generation cost, and system security cost. System security cost includes the cost of load shedding, which is computed for all contingencies that may occur in …

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Multiple Perspectives On The Hardware Implementations Of Biological Neuron Models And Programmable Design Aspects, Ni̇met Korkmaz, İsmai̇l Öztürk, Recai̇ Kiliç Jan 2016

Multiple Perspectives On The Hardware Implementations Of Biological Neuron Models And Programmable Design Aspects, Ni̇met Korkmaz, İsmai̇l Öztürk, Recai̇ Kiliç

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A few individual design examples of programmable device-based biological neuron model implementations are available in the literature, but there is no comprehensive study that examines analog and digital programmable design examples of frequently studied biological neuron model implementations. The aim of this paper is to present a comparative study about programmable and reconfigurable implementations of the FitzHugh--Nagumo, Izhikevich, and Hindmarsh--Rose neuron models. Since field programmable analog array (FPAA) and field programmable gate array (FPGA) devices offer several advantages such as flexible design possibilities, reduction of the complexity of design, real-time modification, and software control for programmable and reconfigurable implementations of …

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Reinforcement Learning-Based Mobile Robot Navigation, Ni̇hal Altuntaş, Erkan İmal, Nahi̇t Emanet, Ceyda Nur Öztürk Jan 2016

Reinforcement Learning-Based Mobile Robot Navigation, Ni̇hal Altuntaş, Erkan İmal, Nahi̇t Emanet, Ceyda Nur Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In recent decades, reinforcement learning (RL) has been widely used in different research fields ranging from psychology to computer science. The unfeasibility of sampling all possibilities for continuous-state problems and the absence of an explicit teacher make RL algorithms preferable for supervised learning in the machine learning area, as the optimal control problem has become a popular subject of research. In this study, a system is proposed to solve mobile robot navigation by opting for the most popular two RL algorithms, Sarsa($\lambda )$ and Q($\lambda )$. The proposed system, developed in MATLAB, uses state and action sets, defined in a …

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Scale Invariant And Fixed-Length Feature Extraction By Integrating Discrete Cosine Transform And Autoregressive Signal Modeling For Palmprint Identification, Burhan Ergen Jan 2016

Scale Invariant And Fixed-Length Feature Extraction By Integrating Discrete Cosine Transform And Autoregressive Signal Modeling For Palmprint Identification, Burhan Ergen

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Recently, the need for automatic identification has caused researchers to focus on biometric identification methods. Palmprint-based biometric identification has several advantages such as user friendliness, low-cost capturing devices, and robustness. In this paper, a method that integrates the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and an autoregressive (AR) signal modeling is proposed for biometric identification. The method provides scale invariance and produces a fixed-length feature vector. In particular, the Burg algorithm is used for the determination of the AR parameters used as a feature vector. Experimental results demonstrate that a small number of the AR parameters that are modeling the DCT coefficients …

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An Innovative Peak Detection Algorithm For Photoplethysmography Signals: An Adaptive Segmentation Method, Ahmet Reşi̇t Kavsaoğlu, Kemal Polat, Mehmet Recep Bozkurt Jan 2016

An Innovative Peak Detection Algorithm For Photoplethysmography Signals: An Adaptive Segmentation Method, Ahmet Reşi̇t Kavsaoğlu, Kemal Polat, Mehmet Recep Bozkurt

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The purpose of this paper is twofold. The first purpose is to detect M-peaks from raw photoplethysmography (PPG) signals with no preprocessing method applied to the signals. The second purpose is to estimate heart rate variability (HRV) by finding the peaks in the PPG signal. HRV is a measure of the fluctuation of the time interval between heartbeats and is calculated based on time series between strokes derived from electrocardiogram (ECG), arterial pressure (AP), or PPG signals, separately. PPG is a method widely used to measure blood volume of tissue on the basis of blood volume change in every heartbeat. …

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Penalty Factor-Based Optimization Algorithm For Distributed Generation Sizing In Distribution Network, Jasrul Jamani Jamian, Mohd Nabil Bin Muhtazaruddin, Muhammad Ariff Baharuddin Jan 2016

Penalty Factor-Based Optimization Algorithm For Distributed Generation Sizing In Distribution Network, Jasrul Jamani Jamian, Mohd Nabil Bin Muhtazaruddin, Muhammad Ariff Baharuddin

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The installation of distributed generation (DG) can be used to minimize the total power loss in the distribution network. Besides that, other power system performances such as voltage profile, stability index, and total harmonic distortion can also be improved via DG. Although many works on DG have been done, most researchers have assumed that the distribution line is in an ideal condition (unlimited capacity limit). On the contrary, all practical lines should have their own capacity limit. Therefore, the main contribution of this paper is to determine the optimal DG output that can fulfill the maximum allowable line capacity limit …

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A New Fuzzy Membership Assignment And Model Selection Approach Based On Dynamic Class Centers For Fuzzy Svm Family Using The Firefly Algorithm, Omid Naghash Almasi, Modjtaba Rouhani Jan 2016

A New Fuzzy Membership Assignment And Model Selection Approach Based On Dynamic Class Centers For Fuzzy Svm Family Using The Firefly Algorithm, Omid Naghash Almasi, Modjtaba Rouhani

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The support vector machine (SVM) is a powerful tool for classification problems. Unfortunately, the training phase of the SVM is highly sensitive to noises in the training set. Noises are inevitable in real-world applications. To overcome this problem, the SVM was extended to a fuzzy SVM by assigning an appropriate fuzzy membership to each data point. However, suitable choice of fuzzy memberships and an accurate model selection raise fundamental issues. In this paper, we propose a new method based on optimization methods to simultaneously generate appropriate fuzzy membership and solve the model selection problem for the SVM family in linear/nonlinear …

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An Intelligent Design Optimization Of A Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor By Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm, Mümtaz Mutluer, Osman Bi̇lgi̇n Jan 2016

An Intelligent Design Optimization Of A Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor By Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm, Mümtaz Mutluer, Osman Bi̇lgi̇n

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The artificial bee colony algorithm is one of the latest stochastic methods based on swarm intelligence. The algorithm simulates the foraging behavior of honeybees. The structure of the algorithm is quite simple and its coding is very easy. This paper proposes a design optimization based on geometrical variables to obtain a highly efficient surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor with concentrated winding by use of the artificial bee colony algorithm. Input parameters for the algorithm are the geometrical variables of the motor. This approach is more advantageous than finite element analysis requiring a long period of time. Results of the artificial …

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Computation Of The Scattered Fields From An Arbitrary Discontinuity On A Perfectly Conducting Ground Plane By A Decomposition Method, Ahmet Kizilay, Uğur Saynak Jan 2016

Computation Of The Scattered Fields From An Arbitrary Discontinuity On A Perfectly Conducting Ground Plane By A Decomposition Method, Ahmet Kizilay, Uğur Saynak

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A novel procedure for solving plane wave incident on arbitrary bump or cavity geometries on a perfectly conducting ground plane is introduced. The method is presented with examples for transverse-magnetic polarization compared to various other solution methods. The proposed method can be easily generalized to other similar problems.

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Finger-Vein Biometric Identification Using Convolutional Neural Network, Syafeeza Ahmad Radzi, Mohamed Khalil Hani, Rabia Bakhteri Jan 2016

Finger-Vein Biometric Identification Using Convolutional Neural Network, Syafeeza Ahmad Radzi, Mohamed Khalil Hani, Rabia Bakhteri

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A novel approach using a convolutional neural network (CNN) for finger-vein biometric identification is presented in this paper. Unlike existing biometric techniques such as fingerprint and face, vein patterns are inside the body, making them virtually impossible to replicate. This also makes finger-vein biometrics a more secure alternative without being susceptible to forgery, damage, or change with time. In conventional finger-vein recognition methods, complex image processing is required to remove noise and extract and enhance the features before the image classification can be performed in order to achieve high performance accuracy. In this regard, a significant advantage of the CNN …

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System Identification By Using Migrating Birds Optimization Algorithm: A Comparative Performance Analysis, Hasan Makas, Nejat Yumuşak Jan 2016

System Identification By Using Migrating Birds Optimization Algorithm: A Comparative Performance Analysis, Hasan Makas, Nejat Yumuşak

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

System identification is an important process to investigate and understand the behavior of an unknown system. It aims to establish an interface between the real system and its mathematical representation. Conventional system identification methods generally need differentiable search spaces and they cannot be used for nondifferentiable multimodal search spaces. On the other hand, metaheuristic search algorithms are independent from the search space characteristics and they do not need much knowledge about the real system. The migrating birds optimization algorithm is a recently introduced nature-inspired metaheuristic neighborhood search approach. It simulates the V flight formation of migrating birds, which enables birds …

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Classification Of Short-Circuit Faults In High-Voltage Energy Transmission Line Using Energy Of Instantaneous Active Power Components-Based Common Vector Approach, Mehmet Yumurtaci, Gökhan Gökmen, Çağri Kocaman, Semi̇h Ergi̇n, Osman Kiliç Jan 2016

Classification Of Short-Circuit Faults In High-Voltage Energy Transmission Line Using Energy Of Instantaneous Active Power Components-Based Common Vector Approach, Mehmet Yumurtaci, Gökhan Gökmen, Çağri Kocaman, Semi̇h Ergi̇n, Osman Kiliç

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The majority of power system faults occur in transmission lines. The classification of these faults in power systems is an important issue. In this paper, the real parameters of a 28 km, 154 kV transmission line between Simav and Demirci in Turkey's electricity transmission network is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. Wavelet packet transform (WPT) is applied to instantaneous voltage signals. Instantaneous active power components are obtained by multiplying instantaneous currents obtained from a voltage source side with these WPT-based voltage signal components. A new feature vector extraction scheme is employed by calculating the energies of instantaneous active power components. Constructed feature …

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A New Security Relation Between Information Rate And State Size Of A Keystream Generator, Orhun Kara, İmran Ergüler, Emi̇n Anarim Jan 2016

A New Security Relation Between Information Rate And State Size Of A Keystream Generator, Orhun Kara, İmran Ergüler, Emi̇n Anarim

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Wireless communication in near field applications is becoming widespread. Most of the devices such as sensor networks or RFID applications are operated in constraint environments and some of these prevalent technologies require security applications. As one conclusion, the design and analysis of lightweight cryptographic algorithms has been one of the favorite research subjects over the last decade. We have seen that mostly lightweight block ciphers have been designed as symmetric encryption algorithms. The main reason is that stream ciphers are supposed to have large internal states due to the strict requirement related to their resistance against tradeoff attacks (time--memory--data tradeoff …

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Identifying Acquisition Devices From Recorded Speech Signals Using Wavelet-Based Features, Ömer Eski̇dere Jan 2016

Identifying Acquisition Devices From Recorded Speech Signals Using Wavelet-Based Features, Ömer Eski̇dere

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Speech characteristics have played a critical role in media forensics, particularly in the investigation of evidence. This study proposes two wavelet-based feature extraction methods for the identification of acquisition devices from recorded speech. These methods are discrete wavelet-based coefficients (DWBCs) and wavelet packet-based coefficients, which are mainly based on a multiresolution analysis. These features' ability to capture characteristics of acquisition devices is compared to conventional mel frequency cepstral coefficients and subband-based coefficients. In the experiments, 14 different audio acquisition devices were trained and tested using support vector machines. Experimental results showed that DWBCs can effectively be used in source audio …

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Performance Evaluation Of A New Efficient H.264 Intraprediction Scheme, Sara Hamdy, Mostafa Ibrahim, Mohamed Osman Jan 2016

Performance Evaluation Of A New Efficient H.264 Intraprediction Scheme, Sara Hamdy, Mostafa Ibrahim, Mohamed Osman

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The paper presents a new efficient H.264/AVC$ 4 \times 4$ intraprediction scheme. The new prediction scheme is based on the best prediction matrix mode. The main idea behind the new prediction scheme is to combine the most usable intraprediction modes, {vertical - horizontal - DC} , into a new efficient prediction mode. The new prediction scheme is implemented using VHDL and hence it uses the full advantages of inherent parallelism in the hardware. We evaluate the performance of this prediction scheme in terms of compression ratio, peak signal to noise ratio, and bit rate using seven video sequences. Moreover, we …

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A Slotted Aloha-Based Cognitive Radio Network Under Capture Effect In Rayleigh Fading Channels, Muhammed Enes Bayrakdar, Sedat Atmaca, Alper Karahan Jan 2016

A Slotted Aloha-Based Cognitive Radio Network Under Capture Effect In Rayleigh Fading Channels, Muhammed Enes Bayrakdar, Sedat Atmaca, Alper Karahan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, a slotted ALOHA-based cognitive radio (CR) network is proposed and the throughput performance of the proposed CR network model under Rayleigh fading channels is examined. Our CR network contains two special groups of users, primary users (PUs) and CR users (CRUs), and they are considered to be sharing a time-slotted-based common communication channel. While PUs can access the channel at any time owing to their legal right, CRUs can only access the channel when it is not occupied by the PUs. In the network model developed, PUs access the channel utilizing time division multiple access as a …

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Application Of Kappa Statistics In Sequential Tests For Family-Based Design, Farid Rajabli Jan 2016

Application Of Kappa Statistics In Sequential Tests For Family-Based Design, Farid Rajabli

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Family-based designs are commonly used in genetic association studies to locate markers associated with diseases. It is a challenging task to collect a large enough sample size, perform a statistical test, and obtain the desired statistical power. The sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) was introduced to overcome the limited sample size problem. However, the drawback of SPRT is that, for the sake of accuracy, the test leaves many markers in a gray zone meaning ``no decision''. In this article, we propose a novel approach: a sequential probability ratio test `plus' (SPRT$+)$ to reduce the number of these gray zone markers. …

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Modeling And Control Of A 6-Control-Area Interconnected Power System To Protect The Network Frequency Applying Different Controllers, Ngockhoat Nguyen, Qi Huang, Thi-Mai-Phuong Dao Jan 2016

Modeling And Control Of A 6-Control-Area Interconnected Power System To Protect The Network Frequency Applying Different Controllers, Ngockhoat Nguyen, Qi Huang, Thi-Mai-Phuong Dao

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, we first analyze and build a model of the 6-control-area interconnected power system as the typical case study. Subsequently, different frequency controllers based on tie-line bias control strategy, namely integral, proportional--integral, proportional--integral--derivative, and PI-based fuzzy logic, will be investigated and applied to the power system model. The most important control performances, such as overshoots and settling times, are considered in this study to evaluate the stability of the power system and choose the most suitable controller for maintaining the network frequency. The simulation results have been achieved by using MATLAB/Simulink package version 2013 in this work. According …

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Gain And Coherence Collapse Condition For A Laser Diode With Optoelectronic Feedback Using Volterra Series, Remzi̇ Yildirim, Hüseyi̇n Canbolat Jan 2016

Gain And Coherence Collapse Condition For A Laser Diode With Optoelectronic Feedback Using Volterra Series, Remzi̇ Yildirim, Hüseyi̇n Canbolat

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Dynamic Analysis Of A Modular Isolated Bidirectional Dc-Dc Converter For High Power Applications, Farzad Sedaghati, Seyed Hossein Hosseini, Mehran Sabahi, Gevorg Babamalek Gharehpetian Jan 2016

Dynamic Analysis Of A Modular Isolated Bidirectional Dc-Dc Converter For High Power Applications, Farzad Sedaghati, Seyed Hossein Hosseini, Mehran Sabahi, Gevorg Babamalek Gharehpetian

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

dc-dc converters is presented. The proposed converter has interesting features such as fewer switching devices, bidirectional power flow, and low switching losses. The simple modular structure, high frequency operation, zero voltage switching (ZVS) capability, and fewer switching devices make the extended configuration of the proposed converter suitable for high power applications. The operation principle of the proposed converter is analyzed in steady state, and then ZVS analysis of the converter is presented in detail. A generalized averaging technique, which uses dc and first order terms of Fourier's series of state variables, is applied to model the converter. A small-signal average …

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Design And Implementation Of A New Manet Simulator Model For Aodv Simulation, Si̇nan Tüncel, Hüseyi̇n Eki̇z, Ahmet Zengi̇n Jan 2016

Design And Implementation Of A New Manet Simulator Model For Aodv Simulation, Si̇nan Tüncel, Hüseyi̇n Eki̇z, Ahmet Zengi̇n

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Peak-To-Average Power Ratio Reduction Using Backtracking Search Optimization Algorithm In Ofdm Systems, Necmi̇ Taşpinar, Yüksel Tokur Bozkurt Jan 2016

Peak-To-Average Power Ratio Reduction Using Backtracking Search Optimization Algorithm In Ofdm Systems, Necmi̇ Taşpinar, Yüksel Tokur Bozkurt

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction method for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system based on a combination of a partial transmit sequence (PTS) scheme with the backtracking search optimization algorithm (BSA) is proposed. The PTS scheme shows good PAPR reduction performance; however, it requires a complex computation to search the set of optimum phase factors, especially for high-speed data transmissions. To minimize the complexity of the search for optimum phase factors, the PTS scheme is combined with the BSA. The BSA is a new and efficient population-based evolutionary search algorithm for real-valued optimization problems. A set of simulations …

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Power Management Using Dynamic Power State Transitions And Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling Controls In Virtualized Server Clusters, Mohan Raj Velayudhan Kumar, Shriram Raghunathan Jan 2016

Power Management Using Dynamic Power State Transitions And Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling Controls In Virtualized Server Clusters, Mohan Raj Velayudhan Kumar, Shriram Raghunathan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Automated Separation Of Gray And White Matter In Brain Mris By Fastened Segments Of Geodesic Contours, Ali̇ İskurt Jan 2016

Automated Separation Of Gray And White Matter In Brain Mris By Fastened Segments Of Geodesic Contours, Ali̇ İskurt

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

tissues in the brain separated by an interface. Extraction of this boundary is very important for quantitative analysis and monitoring of atrophy. A perfect capture for this purpose is a missing vital item for which research continues. In order to get close to such precision, two novel systems are presented for segmentation of cortical GM and WM in brain MRIs. The system imitates human perceptual sensitiveness to contrast, which is the basic principle of edge detection algorithms, and completes its shortcoming feature of segmentation. As well as being completely automatic, the system is also unsupervised. The correct GM-WM boundary rate …

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A New Algorithm For Detection Of Link Spam Contributed By Zero-Out Link Pages, Ravi Kumar Patchmuthu, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, Anand Mohan Jan 2016

A New Algorithm For Detection Of Link Spam Contributed By Zero-Out Link Pages, Ravi Kumar Patchmuthu, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, Anand Mohan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Ship-Radiated Noise Feature Extraction Using Multiple Kernel Graph Embedding And Auditory Model, Xinzhou Xu, Xinwei Luo, Chen Wu, Li Zhao Jan 2016

Ship-Radiated Noise Feature Extraction Using Multiple Kernel Graph Embedding And Auditory Model, Xinzhou Xu, Xinwei Luo, Chen Wu, Li Zhao

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Gravitational Search Algorithm For Determining Controller Parameters In An Automatic Voltage Regulator System, Serhat Duman, Nuran Yörükeren, İsmai̇l Hakki Altaş Jan 2016

Gravitational Search Algorithm For Determining Controller Parameters In An Automatic Voltage Regulator System, Serhat Duman, Nuran Yörükeren, İsmai̇l Hakki Altaş

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

proportional-integral-derivate (PID) controller for an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system using a heuristic gravitational search algorithm (GSA) based on mass interactions and Newton's law of gravity. The determination of optimal controller parameters is considered an optimization problem in which different performance indexes and a performance criterion in the time domain have been used as objective functions to test the performance and effectiveness of the GSA. In the determining process of the parameters, the designed PID controller with the proposed approach is simulated under different conditions and the performance of the controller is compared with those reported in the literature. From …

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Fgmos-Based Differential Difference Cccii And Its Applications, Ökkeş Gökalp Sökmen, Sezai̇ Alper Teki̇n, Hamdi̇ Ercan, Mustafa Alçi Jan 2016

Fgmos-Based Differential Difference Cccii And Its Applications, Ökkeş Gökalp Sökmen, Sezai̇ Alper Teki̇n, Hamdi̇ Ercan, Mustafa Alçi

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

controlled current conveyor (DDCCC) is proposed in this paper. Major advantages of the FGMOS-based DDCCC are low power dissipation and simplicity. The proposed circuit is designed using only 14 MOS transistors. The total power dissipation of the proposed circuit is equal to 7.38 $\mu $W. The other advantage of this circuit is that intrinsic resistance seen at port X of the DDCCC can easily be tuned by a biasing current. The tuning range of the intrinsic resistance is rather wide. Additionally, a current controlled universal filter and tunable positive and negative active resistors are presented as applications of the proposed …

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