Engineering Commons^™

Protein Synthesis Directly From Pcr: Progress And Applications Of Cell-Free Protein Synthesis With Linear Dna, Song-Min Schinn, Andrew Broadbent, William T. Bradley, Bradley Charles Bundy

Faculty Publications

A rapid, versatile method of protein expression and screening can greatly facilitate the future development of therapeutic biologics, proteomic drug targets and biocatalysts. An attractive candidate is cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS), a cell-lysate-based in vitro expression system, which can utilize linear DNA as expression templates, bypassing time-consuming cloning steps of plasmid-based methods. Traditionally, such linear DNA expression templates (LET) have been vulnerable to degradation by nucleases present in the cell lysate, leading to lower yields. This challenge has been significantly addressed in the recent past, propelling LET-based CFPS as a useful tool for studying, screening and engineering proteins in a …

Factors That Impact The Co2 Mitigation Potential Of Cogeneration, Carl Bozzuto

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

Cogeneration systems that produce both heat and power are being promoted as a means of improving the overall energy efficiency around the world, especially in the industrial and power sectors. Claims are often made regarding dramatic improvements in efficiency for such systems. For example, a cogeneration system is advertised as being 85% efficient, while, for example, the U.S. grid is only 31% efficient. However, comparing such efficiency figures directly can be misleading. An 85% efficient cogeneration system is being evaluated at full load and on a first law of thermodynamics basis (i.e., input = output at steady state). The average …

Zerronox Corporation: Using Pulsed Electron Beams For The Removal Of Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides And Other Emissions From Power Plants, Stephen Kennedy

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

Zerronox Corporation is a technology company addressing the market for emission abatement from fossil fuel power plants, specifically coal, natural gas, oil and diesel. Our mission is to commercialize the patented pulsed electron beam (PEB) technology for the cost effective removal of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and other exhaust stream pollutants such as sulfur oxides and mercury. The core technology was developed by the Naval Research Laboratory over the past fifteen years with a total investment from the DOE of more than $150M. Consequently, the developed technology is industrial scale in scope and has been tested for durability.

The …

Baysian Uncertainty Quantification And Calibration Of A Clean-Coal Design Code, Troy Holland, Sham Bhat, Peter Marcy, James Gattiker, Joel Kress, Thomas Fletcher

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

Current concerns about atmospheric carbon levels have sparked demands for massively reduced carbon emissions. These demands, both environmental and regulatory, exceed the capacity for near-term deployment of emission free technologies. Therefore, to simultaneously meet carbon emission targets and supply the vast global energy demands in the foreseeable future, energy generation must incorporate carbon-capture and sequestration technologies on point source CO­₂ emitters such as coal-fired power plants.

Coal-fired power plants have long been the primary energy pillar of industrialized nations, and while reduced utilization is an important target for CO₂ reduction, coal combustion remains the most intensive and prevalent …

Fulfilling The Promise Of The Paris Agreement: The Role Of Efficiency And Renewable Energy, Chuck Kutscher

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

Renewable energy, energy policy, energy efficiency, buildings

The rapid large-scale deployment of efficiency and renewable energy technologies is crucial to meeting the goals of the COP21 agreement. Key to achieving this is transitioning to zero-carbon cities comprised of highly efficient buildings powered by renewable electricity. This presentation will survey the current efficiency and renewable energy research underway at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory with special attention paid to zero-carbon buildings and the challenges of developing a renewable energy electric grid.

Using Geologic Co2 Storage For Enhanced Geothermal Energy And Water Recovery And Energy Storage, Thomas Buscheck, Jeffrey Bielicki, Jimmy Randolph

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

Reductions in CO₂ emissions at a scale consistent with limiting the increase in the global average temperature to below 2oC above pre-industrial levels requires a range of measures, including increased use of renewable and low-carbon energy and reduced CO₂ intensity of fossil energy use, with each of these measures having major deployment barriers. The variability of the predominant renewable resources (wind and solar) requires major advances in utility-scale diurnal-to-seasonal energy storage. Base-load energy, such as nuclear, that cannot be cycled during periods of over-generation will have difficulty co-existing on electric grids with a large presence of variable renewables. …

Predictive Models Of Carbon Capture Systems And Their Validation Using Bench Scale And Pilot Scale Data, Debangsu Bhattacharyya, Anderson Soares, Joshua Morgan, Benjamin Omell, Sarah Genovese, David Miller

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

Predictive steady-state and dynamic models are essential for optimal design and scale up of CO₂ capture processes. The models should be able to predict accurately across all scales and required operating conditions with quantified uncertainty. The U.S. Department of Energy’s Carbon Capture Simulation Initiative (CCSI) process modeling team has been working on the development of a framework to develop such models. This framework is demonstrated on a typical amine-based system which is highly non-ideal and can exhibit large nonlinearities and therefore serves as a nice platform to test the framework. To validate both steady state and dynamic models developed …

Mist Injection Causes High Co2 Capture In Wastewater Stream, Sanjev Jolly

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

Enviro Ambient specializes in a multi-pollutant emission reduction control process where several pollutants like NOx, SOx, halogens and heavy metals including mercury are reduced simultaneously. The process involves injecting two strong oxidants – ozone and hydrogen peroxide – in the flue gas stream and converting the pollutants into water soluble compounds, which are then precipitated out of the flue gases via condensation process by injecting very fine water droplets. The condensed acids are then collected as wastewater for neutralization and further treatment depending upon local wastewater discharge requirements. The results were successfully demonstrated for natural gas and coal-fired units at …

Sunshine To Petrol: Thermochemistry For Solar Fuels, James Miller, Eric Coker, Andrea Ambrosini, Anthony Mcdaniel, Ivan Ermanoski, Ellen Stechel

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

Sandia National Laboratories has for many years been engaged in investigating and developing the science and technology of solar thermochemistry for application to production of solar fuels (“Sunshine to Petrol”), and thermochemical energy storage. The vision of Sunshine to Petrol is captured in one deceptively simple chemical equation:

Solar Energy + xCO₂ + (x+1) H₂O → CxH₂x+₂ (liquid fuel) + (1.5x+0.5) O₂

Practical implementation of this equation may seem far-fetched, since it effectively describes the use of solar energy to reverse combustion. However, it is also representative of the photosynthetic processes responsible for …

Monitoring Co2 At An Enhanced Oil Recovery And Carbon Capture And Storage Project, Farnsworth Unit, Texas, Robert Balch, Richard Esser, Ning Liu

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

The Southwest Partnership on Carbon Sequestration (SWP) is one of seven large scale CO2 sequestration projects sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, each with the goal of permanently sequestering at least 1,000,000 metric tonnes of CO₂. The SWP project is at an active Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) project in a mature waterflood in the Farnsworth Unit, Texas, which is undergoing conversion to a CO₂ flood. CO₂ for this project is anthropogenically sourced from a fertilizer plant in Borger, Texas and an ethanol plant in Liberal, Kansas. Currently, the field has 13 CO₂ injectors and …

Integration Of High-Fidelity Co2 Sorbent Models At The Process Scale Using Dynamic Discrepancy, Joel Kress, Kujin Li, David Mebane, Priyadarshi Mahapatra, Sham Bhat

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

A high-fidelity model of a mesoporous silica supported, polyethylenimine (PEI)-impregnated solid sorbent for CO₂ capture has been incorporated into a model of a bubbling fluidized bed adsorber using Dynamic Discrepancy Reduced Modeling (DDRM). The sorbent model includes a detailed treatment of transport and amine-CO₂-H₂O interactions based on quantum chemistry calculations. Using a Bayesian approach, we calibrate the sorbent model to Thermogravimetric (TGA) data. Discrepancy functions are included within the diffusion coefficients for diffusive species within the PEI bulk, enabling a 20-fold reduction in model order. Additional discrepancy functions account for non-ideal behavior in the adsorption …

Development Of The First Internationally Accepted Standard For Geologic Storage Of Carbon Dioxide Utilizing Enhanced Oil Recovery (Eor) Under The International Standards Organization (Iso) Technical Committee Tc-265, Steven Carpenter

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

The Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) industry is lacking standardization and therefore the ability to allow CCUS projects to advance as Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) or to be considered for any type of carbon management or accounting scheme is also hindered. An international effort between the United States and Canada, funded by the International Performance Assessment Centre for Geologic Storage of Carbon Dioxide (IPAC-CO2 Research Inc.), and managed by CSA Standards, have developed the first internationally recognized Standard for the geologic storage of carbon dioxide (Z-741). The Z-741 Standard has been adopted by the Standards Council of Canada (SCC) …

The Value Of Co2-Geothermal Bulk Energy Storage To Co2, Jonathan Ogland-Hand, Jeffrey Bielicki, Thomas Buscheck

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

Two primary challenges for modern societies are to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) that is emitted to the atmosphere and to increase the penetration of renewable energy technologies into electricity systems. CO₂-bulk energy storage (CO₂-BES) is a CO₂ capture and storage (CCS) approach that can address both of these challenges by using CO₂ emitted from large point sources (e.g., fossil fuel power plants, cement manufacturers) that is sequestered in sedimentary basin geothermal resources to take power from, and deliver power to, electricity grids. Electricity can be generated by wind and …

Update On The Net Power 50 Mwth Zero Emission Power Station, David Freed

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

The Allam Cycle is a highly-recuperated oxy-fuel supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle that offers significant advantages over traditional power cycles, including high efficiencies, low capital costs, low or no water consumption, and elimination of all air emissions, including CO2. Traditional power cycles, such as natural gas combined cycle, supercritical coal cycles, and integrated gasification combined cycle, all require the addition of expensive, efficiency-reducing equipment in order to decrease and capture emissions of carbon dioxide and other pollutants. The Allam Cycle takes a novel approach to reducing emissions from fossil fuel power generation, whereby the system uses oxy-combustion of fossil fuels and …

Introduction To The Wyoming Integrated Test Center, Jason Begger

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

No abstract provided.

Successes And Challenges Of Renewables Deployment In The Eu Power Sector, Hans-Wilhelm Schiffer

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

Several countries in the EU have taken initiatives to become global leaders in the deployment of renewable energy technologies. While this effort is generally aimed at reducing CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions, cost minimization, reducing the role of nuclear energy, increasing efficiency and simply expanding the role of renewables are also often named as motivations. Thus, with varied national goals and approaches, the path to decarbonize through renewables deployment in the EU has been far from simple and tension has between the EU and its members has grown in recent years. The successes, challenges, and current status of renewables …

Electrochemical Membrane Technology For Carbon Dioxide Capture From Flue Gas, Hossein Ghezel-Ayagh, Stephen Jolly, Dilip Patel, William Steen

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

To address the concerns about climate change resulting from emission of CO₂ by power plants and industrial facilities, FuelCell Energy, Inc. (FCE) has developed the Combined Electric Power and Carbon-dioxide Separation (CEPACS) system. The CEPACS system utilizes Electrochemical Membrane (ECM) technology derived from the Company’s molten carbonate fuel cell-based Direct FuelCell^® products. The system separates CO₂ from the flue gas of other plants and produces electric power using a supplementary fuel. FCE is currently evaluating the use of ECM to cost effectively separate CO₂ from the flue gas of Pulverized Coal (PC) power plants under cooperative …

The Connectivity Domain: Analyzing Resting State Fmri Data Using Feature-Based Data-Driven And Model-Based Methods, Armin Iraji, Vince D. Calhoun, Natalie M. Wiseman, Esmaeil Davoodi-Bojd, Mohammad R. N. Avanaki, Zhifeng Kou

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research Publications

Spontaneous fluctuations of resting state functional MRI (rsfMRI) have been widely used to understand the macro-connectome of the human brain. However, these fluctuations are not synchronized among subjects, which leads to limitations and makes utilization of first-level model-based methods challenging. Considering this limitation of rsfMRI data in the time domain, we propose to transfer the spatiotemporal information of the rsfMRI data to another domain, the connectivity domain, in which each value represents the same effect across subjects. Using a set of seed networks and a connectivity index to calculate the functional connectivity for each seed network, we transform data into …

Algorithmic Data Compression, Maliha Lubna

Research Horizons Day Posters

No abstract provided.

Closing The Cerification Gaps In Aircraft Attitude Higher Order Sliding Mode Control, Chandrasekhara Bharath Panathula

Research Horizons Day Posters

No abstract provided.

Design Of A Master Cutdown Payload For High-Altitude Balloon Applications, Bradley Henderson

Research Horizons Day Posters

No abstract provided.

Drag Reduction Utilizing Driven Micro-Cavities, David W. Riggins

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A high-speed vehicle or device presents a surface configured to move through a fluid such that the fluid flows across the surface in a primary flow direction. The vehicle or device also presents a subsurface spaced inwardly from the surface, as well as a plurality of cavity-defining structures that project generally outwardly from the subsurface and extend along the subsurface generally transverse to the primary flow direction. The cavity-defining structures are spaced apart in the primary flow direction. Each adjacent pair of the cavity-defining structures and the subsurface at least in part cooperatively define a cavity therebetween. Fluid rollers or …

Plastrar, Niall W. Rogers

Research Horizons Day Posters

No abstract provided.

Physical And Digital Integration Strategies Of Electronic Device Supply Chains And Their Applicability To Eto Supply Chains, Claudia-Maria Wagner, Colm Ryan

Books/Book chapters

The growth in the manufacture and distribution of electronic devices presents a source of continuing innovation. Electronic devices are products that integrate physical forms (i.e. hardware) and virtual forms (e.g. software) to deliver value to customers. These forms are very different from a product design and supply chain perspective, but nevertheless they need to work closely together in order to create value for the customers. For electronic device manufacturers, it is important that processes are in place to facilitate the seamless integration of both forms throughout the engineering, production, distribution and support stages of the product lifecycle. This chapter examines …

The Effect Of Golden Pothos In Reducing The Level Of Colatile Organic Compounds In A Simulated Spacecraft Cabin, Matthew Ursprung

Research Horizons Day Posters

No abstract provided.

Palladium Nanoparticles On Zno-Passivated Carbon For Enhanced Performance In Li-O2 Batteries, Mar Piernavieja-Hermida

Research Horizons Day Posters

No abstract provided.

Multiscale Research Toward Resilient Civil Infrastructure, Hamzeh Haghshenas Fatmehsari, Keyvan Zare Rami, Mahdieh Khedmati, Kommidi Santosh, Farshad Fallah, Yong-Rak Kim

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Infrastructure materials are generally composite in nature and consist of different phases. Despite their widespread use, the mechanisms behind their behavior are often not fully understood. The aim of this research is to develop the capability to predict the performance of infrastructure based on its components, thus eliminating the need for costly experimental tests. Such an objective requires thorough understanding of material properties at various length-scales and investigation of the linkage between each scale. This approach can lead to more optimized designs, sustainable performance and maximized public benefit

An Analysis Of Preflight Inspection Practices In The Collegiate Training Environment, Seth Laws

Honors Theses

Preflight inspections are a crucial part of flight operations and are required by the Federal Aviation Administration prior to flight. A properly performed preflight by an educated and experienced pilot follows a standard procedure and permits detection of conditions that render an aircraft un-airworthy. A study at Western Michigan University was conducted to determine the effectiveness of this normal procedure in the collegiate training environment. Results indicate the standard procedures for preflight inspections and good supporting habits are in place, but some complacency and a lack of understanding of the standard procedure prevents it from being totally effective among less …

Managing Co2 In Rural America, Barbara Walz

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

No abstract provided.

Aep Perspectives On 21st Century Power Generation, Matt Usher

CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities

This presentation will provide an overview of AEP’s Business, focusing on the current and future generation portfolio, and progress made to date in the reduction of emissions, including CO2. Included will be a discussion of key industry trends and issues influencing AEP’s R&D and business development strategies, perspectives on current and future CCUS technology development, as well as insights into the role that AEP sees technology playing to support the “utility of the future”.