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2016

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Articles 3961 - 3990 of 9607

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Str-929: Experimental Testing Of A New Hysteretic Damper For Base Isolated Bridges, Seyyed Behnam Golzan, Sébastien Langlois, Frederic P. Legeron Jun 2016

Str-929: Experimental Testing Of A New Hysteretic Damper For Base Isolated Bridges, Seyyed Behnam Golzan, Sébastien Langlois, Frederic P. Legeron

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

An experimental procedure was developed to implement a simplified design method of supplemental dampers for isolated highway bridges. For seismically base-isolated bridges subjected to an earthquake, the principal modes of the structure are in the isolation level which effectively lessens the seismic base shear conveyed from the superstructure to the substructure. However, this also has the effect of increasing superstructure displacement. To control the deformation of the isolators, supplemental energy dissipating devices can be introduced into the isolation system. This may nevertheless increase the total structure base shear and the merit of adding dampers has to be evaluated properly. In …

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Str-930: Cross Laminated Timber Walls With Openings: In-Plane Stiffness Prediction And Sensitivity Analysis, Md. Shahnewaz, M. Shahria Alam, Thomas Tannert, Marjan Popovski Jun 2016

Str-930: Cross Laminated Timber Walls With Openings: In-Plane Stiffness Prediction And Sensitivity Analysis, Md. Shahnewaz, M. Shahria Alam, Thomas Tannert, Marjan Popovski

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is gaining popularity in residential and non-residential applications in the North American construction market. An accurate quantification of in-plane stiffness of the CLT walls with openings is required to design a CLT structure subjected to lateral loads. Nevertheless, till today, no general approach is available for the design of CLT-members loaded in plane and there are no standardized methods for determining the stiffness of CLT shearwalls in the respective material design standards: the CSA O86 in Canada, and the NDS in the US. This study aims to quantify the stiffness of CLT walls with openings under in-plane …

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Str-931: Timber I-Joists With Web Openings: Reinforcement, Capacity Prediction And Sensitivity Analysis, Md. Shahnewaz, M. Shahidul Islam, M. Shahria Alam, Thomas Tannert Jun 2016

Str-931: Timber I-Joists With Web Openings: Reinforcement, Capacity Prediction And Sensitivity Analysis, Md. Shahnewaz, M. Shahidul Islam, M. Shahria Alam, Thomas Tannert

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Timber I-joists are a popular product in light-frame wood construction in North America. The design with timber I-joists, however, has not yet achieved the same level of refinement compared to reinforced concrete or steel structures. One of the reasons is that timber I-joists have higher variability in their material properties than more homogeneous building materials. Additionally, although very commonly applied in practice, engineers and practitioners have limited knowledge and guidance for I-joists with web opening. As a result, in many cases the design of timber I-joists based on manufacturer’s specifications lead to very conservative solutions. The present research predicts the …

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Str-934: Fatigue Response Of Uhpc As A Closure Strip Material In Prefabricated Bridge Applications, Benjamin D. Dow, Scott Walbridge, Jeffrey S. West Jun 2016

Str-934: Fatigue Response Of Uhpc As A Closure Strip Material In Prefabricated Bridge Applications, Benjamin D. Dow, Scott Walbridge, Jeffrey S. West

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Replacement of concrete bridge decks can be an expensive process. In order to decrease costs and time of construction, precast deck panels can be used with closure strips cast in place between the panels. In order to ensure that these connections can withstand the rigors of a bridge’s life cycle, fatigue testing was completed on a specimen consisting of two precast concrete panels reinforced with GFRP and connected using a UHPC closure strip. These panels were subjected to 2,000,000 cycles of fatigue loading at three locations and subject to static failure loading at one location following fatigue loads. It was …

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Str-937: Behaviour Of Frp-Reinforced Cfft Columns Under Axial Compression Loading, Asmaa Abdeldaim Ahmed, Radhouane Masmoudi Jun 2016

Str-937: Behaviour Of Frp-Reinforced Cfft Columns Under Axial Compression Loading, Asmaa Abdeldaim Ahmed, Radhouane Masmoudi

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents the test results of an experimental study aimed at investigating the axial behaviour of CFFT columns internally reinforced with steel and FRP bars. A total of eight reinforced concrete (RC) and concrete-filled FRP tube (CFFT) columns were constructed and tested until failure. All columns had 1900-mm in height and 213-mm in diameter. The test parameters were: (1) internal reinforcement type (steel, glass FRP (GFRP), or carbon FRP (CFRP) bars) and amount, (2) GFRP tube thicknesses, and (3) nature of axial loading type (i.e. monotonic and cyclic). The experimental results revealed that the CFFT columns reinforced with GFRP …

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Str-938: Flexural Behaviour Of Rectangular Frp-Tubes Filled With Reinforced Concrete: Experimental And Analytical Investigations, Ahmed Abouzied, Radhouane Masmoudi Jun 2016

Str-938: Flexural Behaviour Of Rectangular Frp-Tubes Filled With Reinforced Concrete: Experimental And Analytical Investigations, Ahmed Abouzied, Radhouane Masmoudi

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents experimental and analytical investigations on the flexural behaviour of rectangular concrete-filled fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) tube (CFFT) beams with steel rebar. Eight full-scale CFFT beams and two control reinforced concrete (RC) beams were tested under a four-point bending. Several parameters as the FRP tubes thickness, fiber laminates, and steel reinforcement were studied. The experimental results indicate outstanding performance of the CFFT beams in terms of strength and ductility compared to the RC beams. Some CFFT beams attained flexural strength and ductility 540% and 1430% higher than that of the RC beams, respectively. Theoretical analysis was developed to determine …

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Str-940: Parametric Simulation Of Roof Structural Snow Loads, Albert J. Brooks, Jill V. Bond, Scott L. Gamble, Jan C. Dale Jun 2016

Str-940: Parametric Simulation Of Roof Structural Snow Loads, Albert J. Brooks, Jill V. Bond, Scott L. Gamble, Jan C. Dale

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

While the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) provides engineers with suitable snow loading guidelines for structural design, the strict application of the code may not lead to an optimized structural design. Generalizations have been made to ensure the applicability of the code to the majority of potential structures within Canada, which result in conservative estimates in certain situations. In particular, the interaction between region-specific prevailing wind directionality, climate and roof orientation are not accounted for. However, the development of advanced physical and numerical snow simulation approaches allows for the investigation of building-specific variables that affect snow loading. The Finite …

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Str-941: Numerical Investigation Of Reinforced Concrete Barriers Subjected To Blast Loading, Ahmed M. Ibrahim, Hamed M. Salem, Ahmed M. Farahat Jun 2016

Str-941: Numerical Investigation Of Reinforced Concrete Barriers Subjected To Blast Loading, Ahmed M. Ibrahim, Hamed M. Salem, Ahmed M. Farahat

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

People’s lives are threatened by explosions; the tragic terrorist attacks have forced the governments to consider the importance of dealing with these attacks. With the rising threat of terrorism, protecting critical civil infrastructure such as embassies, governmental buildings, and airports against bomb attacks has become a critical issue. In the current research, reinforced concrete barriers subjected to blast loading are numerically investigated using Applied Element Method “AEM”. The blast loads adopts the ASCE guidance for design of blast-resistant buildings in petrochemical facilities. Fully nonlinear dynamic analysis was considered where the barriers thickness and reinforcement, end connections were parametrically investigated. It …

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Str-942: Punching Shear Of Self-Consolidating Two Way Slabs, Hossameldeen Bakr, Amgad Hussein, Assem A. A. Hassan Jun 2016

Str-942: Punching Shear Of Self-Consolidating Two Way Slabs, Hossameldeen Bakr, Amgad Hussein, Assem A. A. Hassan

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents an experimental program conducted to investigate the punching shear behaviour of self-consolidating (SCC) two-way slabs, and the influence of using different sizes of coarse aggregate and slab thickness on this behaviour. For this purpose, a total of six slabs were tested. Two groups of labs with targeted compressive strength of 30 MPa were used; for group A, 10 mm coarse aggregate size was used, and 20 mm coarse aggregate size was used for the slabs in group B. Each group consisted of three slabs with different thicknesses of 150, 200, and 250 mm. The results revealed a …

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Str-944: Effects Of Finite Element Modelling Approach For Prestressing System On The Pressure Capacity Of A Candu Containment Structure, I. Tavakkoli, M. R. Kianoush, H. Abrishami, X. Han Jun 2016

Str-944: Effects Of Finite Element Modelling Approach For Prestressing System On The Pressure Capacity Of A Candu Containment Structure, I. Tavakkoli, M. R. Kianoush, H. Abrishami, X. Han

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

The primary objective of this article is to investigate the response of a CANDU®1 nuclear power plant containment structure to a much higher internal pressure that could be encountered during a severe accident. In this study, for the prestressed containment structure, a detailed model is obtained by a full 3D model. Nonlinear finite element method is employed to predict the response of the structure using ANSYS software. The major challenges for modelling prestressing tendon elements are to accommodate parameters affecting prestressing forces. In previous research studies, the prestressing system is modelled using an equivalent pressure and tendon end forces, and …

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Str-946: Experimental Study On A Novel Shear Strengthening Technique For Precast Prestressed Hollow-Core Slabs, Xianzhe Meng, Shaohong Cheng, Amr El Ragaby Jun 2016

Str-946: Experimental Study On A Novel Shear Strengthening Technique For Precast Prestressed Hollow-Core Slabs, Xianzhe Meng, Shaohong Cheng, Amr El Ragaby

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Precast, prestressed hollow core (PHC) slabs are widely used in civil construction, typically as floor or roof in office and residential buildings as well as parking structures. Since the manufacturing process does not allow the installation of shear stirrups, shear resistance of PHC slabs relies solely on the shear strength of concrete itself. In some cases, the slab could possibly be subjected to concentrated load or line load caused by moving vehicles and cargos. Thus, shear failure is likely to occur at the region close to supports. Traditional remedies include choosing thicker slabs and filling the voids of PHC slabs, …

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Str-947: Column Retrofit By Plastic Hinge Relocation Using Advanced Composite Materials, Scott F. Arnold Jun 2016

Str-947: Column Retrofit By Plastic Hinge Relocation Using Advanced Composite Materials, Scott F. Arnold

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Advanced composite materials composed of carbon and glass fiber reinforced polymers, have been used to retrofit reinforced concrete columns for over two-decades. The original testing of these systems started in the late 1980’s and continues to the present day. The first tests, performed at the University of California at San Diego under the guidance of Professor Nigel Priestley, were focused on the use of unidirectional composites that were oriented in the transverse direction. The goal of many of the these tests was to essentially supplement the existing transverse reinforcement in order to change what would have been a premature shear …

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Str-949: Disturbance To Nearby Surface Structures Caused By Tunneling Induced Ground Displacements, Anna Maria Zakhem, Hany El Naggar Jun 2016

Str-949: Disturbance To Nearby Surface Structures Caused By Tunneling Induced Ground Displacements, Anna Maria Zakhem, Hany El Naggar

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Damage to nearby surface structures caused by excavation-induced ground displacements is a major concern during excavation of tunnels in congested urban areas. Hence, developing a reliable numerical model for predicting the possibility of damage to nearby structures is needed. This paper presents the details of a comprehensive 3D finite element model developed to study the induced structural distortions of adjacent structures due tunneling activities. The proposed 3D model used the newly develop shotcrete material model in Plaxis to model the reinforced concrete elements of the tunnel. Utilizing the developed FE model the characteristics of the soil-structure interaction were studied and …

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Str-952: Rapid Bridge Replacement Of Concrete Rigid Frame Bridges Utilizing Heavy-Lift Construction Technique, Han Choi, Trevor Small Jun 2016

Str-952: Rapid Bridge Replacement Of Concrete Rigid Frame Bridges Utilizing Heavy-Lift Construction Technique, Han Choi, Trevor Small

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

A rapid bridge replacement (RBR) method was designed and used for the replacement of the Highway 401 twin overpasses at Cornwall Centre Road in Cornwall, Ontario. This RBR project was the first heavy-lift and move of large, approximately 1400 tonne, reinforced concrete rigid frame bridges in Ontario. The new structures were prefabricated in staging areas near the sites and moved to their final locations by specialized heavy-lift construction equipment, comprising self-propelled modular transporters (SPMTs). For the westbound lane structure, a segmental approach where a top rigid frame component and two bottom footing components were constructed separately and connected at their …

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Str-953: Burst Pressure Assessment For Pipelines With Multiple Corrosion Defects, Bipul Chandra Mondal, Ashutosh Sutra Dhar Jun 2016

Str-953: Burst Pressure Assessment For Pipelines With Multiple Corrosion Defects, Bipul Chandra Mondal, Ashutosh Sutra Dhar

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Pipeline with multiple corrosion defects are often observed in the field. The strength of pipe with multiple corrosion patches depends on the corrosion patch intensity, their locations along longitudinal and circumferential directions of the pipe, in addition to the parameters influencing the strength of pipe with single corrosion defect. The existing design codes recommend the spacing between the corrosion patches when the interacting corrosion patches can be considered as a single patch for calculating the burst pressure of the defected pipe. In this paper, the strength and deformation characteristics of corroded pipe are investigated using finite element analysis. The parameters …

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Str-954: Flexural Behavior Of Sandwich Panels Made Of Frp Composites: Synthetic And Natural Fibers, Pedram Sadeghian, Dimo Hristozov, Laura Woblewski Jun 2016

Str-954: Flexural Behavior Of Sandwich Panels Made Of Frp Composites: Synthetic And Natural Fibers, Pedram Sadeghian, Dimo Hristozov, Laura Woblewski

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Sandwich panels made of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) skins and light-weight core materials have the potential to be effectively used in several structural applications such as cladding, decking, and roofing panels. The FRP skins resist the tensile and compressive stresses resulting from the flexure induced by transverse loadings and the core resists shear stresses, serves as insulation, and separates the FRP skins at a desired distance to provide required moment of inertial. In this study, two types of fiber materials, namely synthetic (glass) and natural (flax) fibers, as well as two types of core materials, namely polypropylene honeycomb (thickness: 6.4, 12.7, …

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Str-956: Prestressed Timber Structures For Multi-Storied Buildings: From Theory To Practice, Asif Iqbal Jun 2016

Str-956: Prestressed Timber Structures For Multi-Storied Buildings: From Theory To Practice, Asif Iqbal

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

A new generation of buildings have been designed in recent years with an innovative structural system developed in New Zealand over the last decade. Conventional post-tensioning is combined with timber structures made of engineered wood products to produce highly efficient systems suitable for supporting long floor spans. The moment connections are particularly useful in structures designed for seismic regions. The post-tensioning ensures self-centering in addition to ductility provided by additional energy dissipating elements within the connections. Extensive experimental and numerical studies have confirmed the expected performance of the systems and design procedures have been developed for practical applications. A summary …

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Str-957: Effects Of Clt-Infill Walls On The Collapse Behavior Of Steel Moment Resisting Frames, Matiyas A. Bezabeh, Solomon Tesfamariam Jun 2016

Str-957: Effects Of Clt-Infill Walls On The Collapse Behavior Of Steel Moment Resisting Frames, Matiyas A. Bezabeh, Solomon Tesfamariam

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Over the past six years, to increase the use of renewable materials in the construction industry, a novel steel-timber hybrid building system was developed and studied at the University of British Columbia and FPInnovations. The hybrid structural system was a steel moment resisting frames (SMRFs) with Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) infill walls. These studies were mainly on developing: novel connection types, new constitutive laws for the CLT walls, and force-based and displacement-based design guidelines. The effect of CLT infills on the collapse risk of the SMRFs was not explicitly investigated, and is the topic of this paper. With consideration of …

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Str-959: Optimization Of A Polygonal Hollow Structural Steel Section In The Elastic Region, John Samuel Kabanda, Colin Macdougall Jun 2016

Str-959: Optimization Of A Polygonal Hollow Structural Steel Section In The Elastic Region, John Samuel Kabanda, Colin Macdougall

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Square, rectangular, circular, elliptical, and oval steel hollow structural sections are commonly used in a wide range of structural applications. The need for deep sections with increased bending stiffness has been the motivation for polygonal hollow structural sections. Polygonal hollow structural sections can have a higher bending strength, and rotational capacity when compared to traditional rectangular or square hollow structural sections with similar cross-sectional area. This paper discusses the numerical optimization of one such polygonal hollow structural section currently used in Canada. Previously conducted full-scale beam bending tests provide data for the calibration of the numerical model. The optimized cross-section …

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Str-960: Eliminating Environmental Influences In Vibration-Based Damage Detection Using Armax Residual Error And Artificial Neural Networks, Haiyang H. Zhang, Mustafa Gül Jun 2016

Str-960: Eliminating Environmental Influences In Vibration-Based Damage Detection Using Armax Residual Error And Artificial Neural Networks, Haiyang H. Zhang, Mustafa Gül

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Despite offering a great promise for continuous and automated monitoring of civil infrastructure systems, vibration-based damage detection methods may yield false positives and negatives due to environmental and/or operational effects. This paper presents a method based on ARMAX residual error in conjunction with Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to eliminate the environmental effects from damage detection process. A finite element model of a bridge type structure was simulated with different damage scenarios under various temperatures. Damage features obtained from statistical process on ARMAX residual errors were then compared between with and without environmental effects. Artificial neural networks were trained to learn …

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Str-961: Frp Shear Connectors For Reinforced Concrete Composite Elements, Jehad Alkatan, Amr El Ragaby, Faouzi Ghrib Jun 2016

Str-961: Frp Shear Connectors For Reinforced Concrete Composite Elements, Jehad Alkatan, Amr El Ragaby, Faouzi Ghrib

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Currently, friction shear dowels (steel stirrups) are being used in bridge construction at the interface plane between the cast-in-place deck slab and the precast girder to ensure the composite action for stronger cross section. As the bridge deck slab deteriorated over time due to the environmental conditions, these shear steel dowels are also susceptible to sever corrosion and will need replacement, especially when de-icing salt is used. This results in gradual loss of the composite behavior and strength of the composite section. Fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) reinforcements have shown to be an effective alternative to black steel as flexure and …

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Str-962: Flexural Strengthening Of Rc Beams Using Glass-Frcm, Abdulla Jabr, Amr El Ragaby, Faouzi Ghrib Jun 2016

Str-962: Flexural Strengthening Of Rc Beams Using Glass-Frcm, Abdulla Jabr, Amr El Ragaby, Faouzi Ghrib

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Externally bonded Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets made of fiber net embedded in epoxy matrix has been successfully used in the repair and strengthening of both the shear and flexural capacities of reinforced concrete (RC) beams, slabs and columns since the 90's. Although the epoxy gives the system most of its durability, it is also responsible for many disadvantages, such as poor performance in elevated temperature and fire, lack of permeability, as it traps moisture, and degradation when exposed to ultraviolet radiation. In order to avoid such drawbacks, composite material utilizing cement-based matrix called Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) has …

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Str-964: Studies On Vibration Serviceability Assessment Of Aluminum Pedestrian Bridges, Stanley H. Fong, Scott Walbridge, Sriram Narasimhan Jun 2016

Str-964: Studies On Vibration Serviceability Assessment Of Aluminum Pedestrian Bridges, Stanley H. Fong, Scott Walbridge, Sriram Narasimhan

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Vibration serviceability is often the governing design factor for slender, lightweight footbridges. However, there is currently a large gap that exists between our understanding from a modeling perspective and their actual vibration behaviour. Recent experimental tests conducted at the University of Waterloo have underscored these discrepancies and have provided an unique opportunity to not only validate many of the models currently in use, but also to propose new modifications to better align with experimental test results. Specifically, issues such as how to design for lateral vibrations and crowd-induced loading and calibration of load factors, will be addressed in this presentation. …

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Str-966: Seismic Retrofit Of Existing Low-Rise Steel Buildings In Eastern Canada Using Rocking Braced Frame System, Robert Tremblay, Paul Mottier, Colin Rogers Jun 2016

Str-966: Seismic Retrofit Of Existing Low-Rise Steel Buildings In Eastern Canada Using Rocking Braced Frame System, Robert Tremblay, Paul Mottier, Colin Rogers

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

A promising retrofit strategy consists of allowing deficient braced frames to rock at their bases to reduce the force demands on the structure and the foundation. For low-rise buildings, modifications to the structure may be limited to the braced frames, which then represent a very effective solution when compared to other approaches where alterations are needed along the entire lateral load path. In the article, the rocking braced frame solution is investigated for the seismic retrofit of 3-storey typical office buildings designed in accordance with codes prevailing in the early 1980s. The frames are located in Montreal, QC, and firm …

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Str-968: Wavelet Entropy-Based Damage Identification Technique For Hybrid Frp-Concrete Structures, Mohammad Moravvej, Mamdouh El-Badry, Parham Joulani Jun 2016

Str-968: Wavelet Entropy-Based Damage Identification Technique For Hybrid Frp-Concrete Structures, Mohammad Moravvej, Mamdouh El-Badry, Parham Joulani

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Civil infrastructure, particularly bridges, is designed and built to be safe against failure and to perform satisfactorily during their service life. However, this infrastructure has been deteriorating at an alarming rate due to aging, inadequate maintenance, adverse environmental conditions, and constantly growing transportation demand. Utilization of corrosion-resistant composite materials, particularly fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP), has been an encouraging solution for the durability problems of concrete bridges. However, similar to conventional structures, the performance of hybrid FRP-concrete structures can be affected by various types of damage. Therefore, in order to ensure both safety and serviceability of these structures, it is essential to …

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Str-969: Seismic Design Procedure For Steel Multi-Tiered Concentrically Braced Frames Beyond Csa S16 Limit, Ali Imanpour, Robert Tremblay Jun 2016

Str-969: Seismic Design Procedure For Steel Multi-Tiered Concentrically Braced Frames Beyond Csa S16 Limit, Ali Imanpour, Robert Tremblay

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Steel Multi-Tiered Braced Frames (MT-BFs) generally represents a more practical and cost-effective solution in tall single storey steel buildings such as airplane hangars, recreational buildings or convention centers. Special seismic design requirements including column design for in-plane and out-of-plane flexural demands have been introduced for MT-BFs in the Canadian steel design standard CSA S16. In the current CSA S16, MT-BFs are also limited to three and five tiers, respectively, for Type MD (moderately ductile) and Type LD (limited ductility) braced frame categories. In this paper, a 4-tiered Type MD braced frame, exceeding the 3-tier height limit, is designed with explicit …

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Str-972: Top-Down Construction Of The New Lrt Overhead Bridge, Kitchener, Ontario, Brad R. Craig, Jeffrey Giroux Jun 2016

Str-972: Top-Down Construction Of The New Lrt Overhead Bridge, Kitchener, Ontario, Brad R. Craig, Jeffrey Giroux

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

A new Light Rail Transit (LRT) system is being constructed in Waterloo Region. The first phase of construction is scheduled for completion in 2017 and will connect Conestoga Mall in the City of Waterloo and Fairview Park Mall in the City of Kitchener, a distance of 19 km. The LRT route crosses the existing Conestoga Parkway (Highway 7/8) in Kitchener-Waterloo, requiring the construction of a new structure under the busy freeway. In 2014-15, the Ministry of Transportation, Ontario (MTO) administered the construction of the new single span bridge using a unique top-down construction technique.

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Str-973: Static Load Behaviour Of Hybrid Frp-Concrete Two-Panel Truss Girders Reinforced With Double-Headed Gfrp Bars, Parham Joulani, Mamdouh El-Badry, Mohammad Moravvej Jun 2016

Str-973: Static Load Behaviour Of Hybrid Frp-Concrete Two-Panel Truss Girders Reinforced With Double-Headed Gfrp Bars, Parham Joulani, Mamdouh El-Badry, Mohammad Moravvej

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

The results of an experimental investigation into the behaviour of precast hybrid FRP-concrete, two-panel truss girders under static loading are presented. The investigation is part of a comprehensive research program on the development of a corrosion-free system for short and medium span bridges. The truss girders consist of pretensioned concrete chords connected by vertical and diagonal truss elements made of glass FRP tubes filled with concrete. The truss elements are reinforced and connected to the top and bottom chords by means of long double-headed steel or glass FRP bars. The top and bottom chords are also reinforced with glass FRP …

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Str-975: Effect Of Shear Span To Depth Ratio On Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Masonry Shear Walls, Hany M. Seif Eldin, Khaled Galal Jun 2016

Str-975: Effect Of Shear Span To Depth Ratio On Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Masonry Shear Walls, Hany M. Seif Eldin, Khaled Galal

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Over the past few decades there has been a substantial increase in the number of multi-story buildings constructed with reinforced masonry (RM). Similar to reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, shear walls are a popular lateral load resisting system in regions of high seismic activity due to its capability to provide lateral stiffness, strength and energy dissipation. One of the parameters that affects the inelastic behaviour and ductility of RM shear walls is the shear span to depth ratio, M/Vdv. This paper experimentally investigates the effect of M/Vdv on the seismic performance of RM shear walls that are dominated by diagonal …

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Str-976: Effect Of Horizontal Reinforcement Anchorage End Detail On Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Masonry Shear Walls, Hany M. Seif Eldin, Khaled Galal Jun 2016

Str-976: Effect Of Horizontal Reinforcement Anchorage End Detail On Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Masonry Shear Walls, Hany M. Seif Eldin, Khaled Galal

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

The most recent design codes for masonry structures necessitate the use of reinforced masonry (RM) shear walls in medium and high seismic areas. There are several factors that control the contribution of the horizontal reinforcement to the in-plane shear capacity of RM shear walls. One of these factors is its anchorage end detail. The current version of the Canadian Standards Association CSA S304-14 for design of masonry structures requires that the anchorage of the horizontal reinforcing bars in the plastic hinge region shall have a 90° or more standard hook at the ends of the wall. However, a 180° standard …

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