Engineering Commons^™

Active Filter Solutions In Energy Systems, Sabi̇r Rüstemli̇, Mehmet Sai̇t Cengi̇z

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Recent developments in power electronics have increased the usage of nonlinear loads in energy systems. With increases in the usage of semiconductor-sourced nonlinear loads, the adverse effects of harmonics-sensitive loads (e.g., protection control circuits and circuit breakers) have also increased. Generally, the negative effects of harmonics in power systems include the following: increased power losses; motor, generator, and transformer overheating; faulty operation of measurement and protection systems; lifetime shortening of electrical components; and parallel and series resonance problems. Therefore, harmonics has become a serious problem in current power electronics systems. However, harmonics can be reduced, particularly through drainage using filters. …

Evaluation Of Field Data And Simulation Results Of A Photovoltaic System In Countries With High Solar Radiation, Serkan Abbasoğlu, Akinola Adeyinka Babatunde

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The objective of this study is to examine the conformity of different simulation tools in analyzing the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems in countries with high solar radiation. Primarily an installed system was evaluated and the results were compared with the simulation results of 3 globally known PV software tools: pvPlanner, PVsyst, and Homer. The parameters evaluated in this study are energy production, specific yield, performance ratio, and capacity factor. Detailed explanations are presented for monthly, seasonal, and annual variation of installed system data and simulation results. Northern Cyprus is selected as a case study due to high solar radiation …

Design, Application, And Power Performance Analyses Of A Micro Wind Turbine, Hayati̇ Mamur

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this study, design, implementation, and power performance analyses of a micro wind turbine (MWT) system are presented. An original permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) that reduced cogging torque was employed as a generator in the MWT. A novel blade form offering better performance at low wind speeds was also utilized for the MWT blades. Power performance analyses of the MWT were carried out for different wind regimes by truck testing. Performance coefficient, cut-in, and cut-out of the MWT were determined as 27.7{\%}, 2.7 m/s, and 20 m/s at the end of the truck testing, respectively. Moreover, a new supervisory …

Optimal Integration Of Hybrid (Wind--Solar) System With Diesel Power Plant \Newline Using Homer, Muhammad Noman Siddique, Aftab Ahmad, Muhammad Kashif Nawaz, Syed Basit Ali Bukhari

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Most energy worldwide is supplied through conventional energy sources, such as thermal, hydro, and nuclear. There have been serious energy crises in the last couple of years and so it is essential to consider renewable energy sources. This paper proposes a cost-effective solution for integrating a wind--solar system with an existing diesel power plant of a grid-connected site at Taxila, Pakistan. In the case of nonavailability of power from the grid, this diesel power plant acts as a standby system. Three cases were considered in this paper: 1) using the diesel power plant during load-shedding hours; 2) assisting the system …

Variable Charge/Discharge Time-Interval Control Strategy Of Bess For Wind Power Dispatch, Wei Chai, Zheng Li, Xu Cai

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A variable charge/discharge time-interval ($T_{C/D})$ control strategy of a battery energy storage system (BESS) for wind power dispatch is proposed in this paper, aiming at: 1) extending the BESS life, 2) reducing the total BESS energy loss, and 3) increasing the dispatch tracking accuracy. A multifactor life model of a large-scale BESS containing four factors, charge/discharge rate, times, $T_{C/D}$, and temperature, is developed, which has taken into account the cell series/parallel effects and BESS operational characteristics. A comprehensive evaluation system including BESS aging level (BAL), energy loss index (ELI), and tracking inaccuracy index (TII) is proposed, and the relationships between …

Electromagnetic Performance Analysis Of Multilayer Interior Pmsm With Fractional Slot Concentrated Windings For Electric Vehicle Applications, Zhiwei Zhang, Libing Zhou

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper presents the design and analysis of fractional slot multilayer interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) with concentrated winding for electric vehicles applications. The major advantages of concentrated winding will be analyzed first. The significant design consideration of multilayer interior permanent magnet machines will be illustrated, as well. Finally, the advanced finite element method will be employed to verify the detailed electromagnetic performance of the proposed interior PMSMs.

Performance Improvement Of Three-Phase Self-Excited Induction Generator Feeding Induction Motor Load, Jyotirmayee Dalei, Kanungo Barada Mohanty

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, the transient and steady-state performances of an isolated self-excited induction generator driven by a wind turbine and feeding power to a dynamic load such as a three-phase induction motor are analyzed. Mathematical modeling and simulation study of the whole system, including the wind turbine, induction generator, capacitor, pulse width modulated voltage source inverter, and dynamic load, are carried out with closed-loop voltage and frequency controller. The complete system is modeled in the stationary $d-q$ frame and validated by comparing simulation and experimental results at no-load. The same mathematical model is then used to study the transient performance …

Breaking The Buildup-Time Limit Of Sensitivity In Avalanche Photodiodes By Dynamic Biasing, Majeed M. Hayat, Payman Zarkesh-Ha, George El-Howayek, Robert Efroymson, Joe C. Campbell

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are the preferred photodetectors for direct-detection, high data-rate long-haul optical telecommunications. APDs can detect low-level optical signals due to their internal amplification of the photon-generated electrical current, which is attributable to the avalanche of electron and hole impact ionizations. Despite recent advances in APDs aimed at reducing the average avalanche-buildup time, which causes intersymbol interference and compromises receiver sensitivity at high data rates, operable speeds of commercially available APDs have been limited to 10Gbps. We report the first demonstration of a dynamically biased APD that breaks the traditional sensitivity-versus-speed limit by employing a data-synchronous sinusoidal reverse-bias that …

Predicting Scenarios For Successful Autodissemination Of Pyriproxyfen By Malaria Vectors From Their Resting Sites To Aquatic Habitats; Description And Simulation Analysis Of A Field-Parameterizable Model, Samson Sifael Kiware, George F. Corliss, Stephen Merrill, Dickson W. Lwetoijera, Gregor J. Devine, Silas Majambere, Gerry F. Killeen

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Large-cage experiments indicate pyriproxifen (PPF) can be transferred from resting sites to aquatic habitats by Anopheles arabiensis - malaria vector mosquitoes to inhibit emergence of their own offspring. PPF coverage is amplified twice: (1) partial coverage of resting sites with PPF contamination results in far higher contamination coverage of adult mosquitoes because they are mobile and use numerous resting sites per gonotrophic cycle, and (2) even greater contamination coverage of aquatic habitats results from accumulation of PPF from multiple oviposition events.

Methods and Findings

Deterministic mathematical models are described that use only field-measurable input parameters and capture the biological …

Perception Of Lower Extremity Loads In Stroke Survivors, Virginia W. Chu, T. George Hornby, Brian D. Schmit

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: This study aimed to improve our understanding of static and dynamic lower extremity sensory perception and the impact of sensory impairments on the control of walking in stroke survivors.

Methods: Using a custom, real-time unloading system, we tested load perception at heel strike, mid stance and push off in 10 stroke survivors and compared their performance to 10 age-matched and 5 young adult control subjects. Dynamic load perception was based on a judgment of which leg was bearing more load, which was altered on a step by step basis. We also examined lower extremity static load perception, coordination, proprioception, …

Large-Scale Spatiotemporal Spike Patterning Consistent With Wave Propagation In Motor Cortex, Kazutaka Takahashi, Sanggyun Kim, Todd P. Coleman, Kevin A. Brown, Aaron J. Suminski, Matthew D. Best, Nicholas G. Hatsopoulos

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Aggregate signals in cortex are known to be spatiotemporally organized as propagating waves across the cortical surface, but it remains unclear whether the same is true for spiking activity in individual neurons. Furthermore, the functional interactions between cortical neurons are well documented but their spatial arrangement on the cortical surface has been largely ignored. Here we use a functional network analysis to demonstrate that a subset of motor cortical neurons in non-human primates spatially coordinate their spiking activity in a manner that closely matches wave propagation measured in the beta oscillatory band of the local field potential. We also demonstrate …

Virtual Capstone Design Teams: Preparing For Global Innovation (Journal Article), Jay R. Goldberg, Susannah Howe

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Global innovation requires collaboration between groups of people located in different parts of the world, and is a growing trend in industry. Virtual teams are often used to manage new product development projects. These teams are similar to traditional teams but are geographically separated and rely heavily on virtual methods of communication (email, Skype, teleconferencing, etc.) instead of regular face-to-face meetings. Experience working as a member of a virtual capstone design team can help prepare students for this growing trend. To begin preparing students for work on virtual teams in industry, we co-advised two virtual capstone design projects with students …

Spatial Brightness, Horizontal Illuminance And Mean Room Surface Exitance In A Lighting Booth, James Duff, Kevin Kelly, C. Cuttle

Articles

This paper presents a pilot study that has investigated the suitability of mean room surface exitance as a predictor of spatial brightness and compared these results with how horizontal illuminance predicts spatial brightness under the same conditions. The experiment took a group of 26 participants and, using a scaled booth, exposed each participant to three levels of mean room surface exitance, each delivered with three different light distributions and three different surface reflectances, resulting in a total of 27 light scenes. Results demonstrated that, under the range of conditions to which participants were exposed, a systematic relationship existed between mean …

Dielectric Study Of Liquid Crystals With Large Electroclinic Effect, O. E. Panarina, Yuri Panarin, J. K. Vij

Articles

Here we report results of the study of tilt angle and birefringence of some “high-electroclinic” materials having similar molecular structure with two and three siloxane spacers. The structure of these LC materials were studied by dielectric spectroscopy, birefringence and tilt angle measurements. Three of the four studied materials with a siloxane fragment are the deVries materials, but the siloxane-free sample is conventional SmA phase and is thus different. Possible models for the molecular structures of deVries SmA∗ phases are discussed.

Flexoelectric Behaiour Of A Bimesogenic Liquid Crystal, R. Balachandran, V. P. Panov, Yuri Panarin, M. G. Tamba, G. H. Mehl, J. K. Song, J. K. Vij

Articles

The effective flexoelectric coefficient and flexoelectric polarization are investigated for a bimesogenic liquid crystal CBC11CB with a twist bend nematic phase (Ntb). The effective flexoelectric coefficients for CBC11CB in the ordinary nematic phase (N) are obtained to be much larger in comparison to conventional calamitics, and is almost twice higher for CBC11CB than that reported for another odd symmetric bimesogen. The flexoelectric polarization (Pf) in the N phase is found to be almost 2.5 times higher than in rod-like molecules. Additionally, Pf is obtained to be much larger in the Ntb phase than in the nematic phase

Flexoelectric Polarization Studies In Bent-Core Nematic Liquid Crystals, S. Sreenilayam, Yuri Panarin, J. K. Vij, S. I. Torgova, A. Lehmann, C. Tschierske

Articles

The flexoelectric polarization (Pf) of four bent-core nematic liquid crystals (LCs) has been measured using the pyroelectric effect. Hybrid aligned nematic cells are fabricated for measuring the pyroelectric response over the entire range of the nematic phase. It is found that the magnitude of flexoelectric polarization Pf and the sum of the flexoelectric coefficients |e1 +e3| for the bent-core LCs studied here are three to six times higher than for the calamitics. Pf is found to depend on the transverse dipole moment of LC molecules. However,|e1 +e3| values are by no means giant as |e3| alone had been reported for …

Dielectric Study Of Nematic Lc Built With Bent-Core Molecules, S. Sreenilayam, Yuri Panarin, J. K. Vij

Articles

Here we report results of the study of bent-core (BC) cybotactic nematic LC by dielectric spectroscopy and electro-optic measurements. In the absence of electric field, this material is uniaxial and exhibits only one relaxation process corresponding to the fluctuations of the polar clusters. The application of the external electric field induces biaxialityandthesecondrelaxationprocessappearsinthedielectricspectra.Thisisassigned to the collective mode. Possible models for cluster transformation under electric field are discussed.

Control Strategy And Hardware Implementation For Dc–Dc Boost Power Circuit Based On Proportional–Integral Compensator For High Voltage Application, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Ersan Kabalci, Atif Iqbal, Haitham Abu-Rub, Olorunfemi Ojo

Articles

For high-voltage (HV) applications, the designers mostly prefer the classical DCeDC boost converter. However, it lacks due to the limitation of the output voltage by the gain transfer ratio, decreased efficiency and its requirement of two sensors for feedback signals, which creates complex control scheme with increased overall cost. Furthermore, the output voltage and efficiency are reduced due to the selfparasitic behavior of power circuit components. To overcome these drawbacks, this manuscript provides, the theoretical development and hardware implementation of DCeDC step-up (boost) power converter circuit for obtaining extra output-voltage high-performance. The proposed circuit substantially improves the high output-voltage by …

Integration Of Qos Metrics, Rules And Semantic Uplift For Advanced Iptv Monitoring, Ruairí De Fréin, Cristian Olariu, Yuqian Song, Rob Brennan, Patrick Mcdonagh, Adriana Hava, Christina Thorpe, John Murphy, Liam Murphy, Paul French

Articles

Increasing and variable traffic demands due to triple play services pose significant Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) resource management challenges for service providers. Managing subscriber expectations via consolidated IPTV quality reporting will play a crucial role in guaranteeing return-on-investment for players in the increasingly competitive IPTV delivery ecosystem. We propose a fault diagnosis and problem isolation solution that addresses the IPTV monitoring challenge and recommends problem-specific remedial action. IPTV delivery-specific metrics are collected at various points in the delivery topology, the residential gateway and the Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer through to the video Head-End. They are then pre-processed using new …

Improved Harmonic Suppression Efficiency Of Single-Phase Apfs In Distorted Distribution Systems, Samet Biricik, Soydan Redif, Shafiuzzaman Khadem, Malabika Basu

Articles

In this study, a control method is proposed to improve the harmonic suppression efficiency of the single phase active power filter in a distorted power system to suppress current harmonics and reactive power. The proposed method uses the self-tuning filter (STF) algorithm to process single phase grid voltage in order to provide a uniform reference grid current, which increases the efficiency of the system. The results of the simulation study are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control technique in this study.

Comparison Of Hydrologic Model Performance Statistics Using Thiessen Polygon Rain Gauge And Nexrad Precipitation Input Methods At Different Watershed Spatial Scales And Rainfall Return Frequencies, Amanda E. Tancreto

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

As hydrological computer modeling software continues to increase in complexity, the need for further understanding of the value of different model input datasets becomes apparent. Frequently used precipitation model input include rain gauge data and next-generation radar–based (NEXRAD) rainfall data. Rain gauge data are usually interpolated across a model domain using various methods including the Thiessen Polygon methodology, which may be data-sparse in some areas and overly data-dense in others. However, rain gauge data are generally very easy to use in hydrologic model development, often requiring little to no data processing. NEXRAD data have the potential to improve hydrologic runoff …

Structural Simulations And Conservation Analysis: Historic Building Information Model (Hbim), Conor Dore Dr., Maurice Murphy, S. Mccarthy, F. Brechin, C. Cassidy, E. Dirix

Conference papers

In this paper the current findings to date of the Historic Building Information Model (HBIM) of the Four Courts in Dublin are presented. The Historic Building Information Model (HBIM) forms the basis for both structural and conservation analysis to measure the impact of war damage which still impacts on the building. The laser scan survey was carried out in the summer of 2014 of the internal and external structure. After registration and processing of the laser scan survey, the HBIM was created of the damaged section of the building and is presented as two separate workflows in this paper. The …

Student Chapter Outreach Events And Student Involvement, Daniel Marchese, Emily Miller, Yeonsu Ryu, Alyssa Ross, Leroy L. Long Iii

Publications

The American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) Student Chapter at The Ohio State University (OSU) is unique from other ASEE student organizations. Traditionally, ASEE chapters are not outreach-focused organizations. However, the OSU Chapter has placed a core focus on community involvement. Over time, the group has participated in numerous outreach events focused on increasing student knowledge of and interest in engineering. These outreach events have provided students with exposure to the field of engineering. They have also had several effects on the structure and focus of the OSU ASEE Student Chapter. Over the past year, the layout of our Executive …

Black Male "Buoyant Believers" In Engineering And Engineering-Related Fields, Leroy L. Long Iii, Joseph Allen Kitchen, Trevion S. Henderson

Publications

Strategies for improving student success are particularly important in high-demand fields like science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). As the U.S. experiences a decline in skilled STEM workers and a growing number of racial/ethnic minorities, it is critical that more attention be paid to the college success of underrepresented populations majoring in STEM. While some strategies for increasing STEM student success have focused on social-psychological factors such as academic self-efficacy and resilience, little attention has been given to these factors among specific minority groups in STEM such as Black men. To extend the current literature, interviews with 27 Black male …

Comparison Of Lock-In And Pulse-Phase Thermography For Defect Characterization In Frp Composites Applied To Concrete, Jeff Brown, Sai Harsha Chittineni

Publications

Thermal imaging is a well-established technique for the non-destructive evaluation of FRP composites applied to reinforced concrete. Defect characterization using IR thermography, however, remains a topic of on-going research, and there are currently no universally accepted standards for data collection or interpretation. This research involved large scale thermography inspection of two FRP strengthened bridge girders that were removed from service after approximately 10 years of service in a potentially corrosive marine environment. Trial inspections were performed on test areas where defects could be identified using sounding methods. Two procedures showed the most promise for identifying and characterizing defects: sinusoidal (lock-in …

Photonic Crystal Fibre Wgm Resonators For Magnetic Field Sensing, Aseel Mahmood, Vishnu Kavungal, Yuliya Semenova, S. S. Ahmed

Conference Papers

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) micro-resonators are remarkable optical devices whose small modevolumes and high Q-factors make them attractive for a wide range of applications such as filters, lasers, modulators and sensors [1]. WGMs can be excited in dielectric structures with circular symmetry, such as microspheres, micro-disks, and optical fibres, and can be imagined as closed-trajectory rays confined within the cavity by almost total reflections from the curved surface of the resonator. The spectral positions of the WGM resonances are highly sensitive to the geometrical dimensions of the resonator and refractive indices of both the resonator itself and its surrounding medium …

Human Factors Engineering In System Design: A Roadmap For Improvement, Maria Chiara Leva, Farzad Naghdali, Costanza Ciarapica Alunni

Conference Papers

This paper summarises current industrial practices and standards promoting Human Factors Engineering (HFE) at design stage and revise them with an action research approached based on the concrete case studies performed during a European project called TOSCA. The paper highlights how HFE can significantly impact the costs and risk associated with a plant lifecycle and the current gaps and issues encountered. The gaps identified are used to guide industrial practices and standards towards a more valuable inclusion of Human Factors knowledge in structured system design processes to support human performance and reduce the potential for human errors in operations and …

Human Factors Engineering At Design Projects For Process Industry - Challenges And Lessons Learned, Maria Chiara Leva, Farzad Naghdali

Conference Papers

This paper summarises current industrial practices and standards promoting Human Factors Engineering (HFE) at design stage and revise them with an action research approached based on the concrete case studies performed during a European project called TOSCA. The paper highlights how HFE can significantly impact the costs and risk associated with a plant lifecycle and the current gaps and issues encountered. The gaps identified are used to guide industrial practices and standards towards a more valuable inclusion of Human Factors knowledge in structured system design processes to support human performance and reduce the potential for human errors in operations and …

In Vivo Detection Of Hyperoxia-Induced Pulmonary Endothelial Cell Death Using 99mTc-Duramycin, Said H. Audi, Elizabeth R. Jacobs, Ming Zhao, David L. Roerig, Steven T. Haworth, Anne V. Clough

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction

^99mTc-duramycin, DU, is a SPECT biomarker of tissue injury identifying cell death. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential of DU imaging to quantify capillary endothelial cell death in rat lung injury resulting from hyperoxia exposure as a model of acute lung injury.

Methods

Rats were exposed to room air (normoxic) or > 98% O₂ for 48 or 60 hours. DU was injected i.v. in anesthetized rats, scintigraphy images were acquired at steady-state, and lung DU uptake was quantified from the images. Post-mortem, the lungs were removed for histological studies. Sequential lung sections were immunostained …

Evaluation Of Pediatric Manual Wheelchair Mobility Using Advanced Biomechanical Methods, Brooke A. Slavens, Alyssa J. Schnorenberg, Christine M. Aurit, Adam Graf, Joseph J. Krzak, Kathryn Reiners, Lawrence C. Vogel, Gerald F. Harris

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

There is minimal research of upper extremity joint dynamics during pediatric wheelchair mobility despite the large number of children using manual wheelchairs. Special concern arises with the pediatric population, particularly in regard to the longer duration of wheelchair use, joint integrity, participation and community integration, and transitional care into adulthood. This study seeks to provide evaluation methods for characterizing the biomechanics of wheelchair use by children with spinal cord injury (SCI). Twelve subjects with SCI underwent motion analysis while they propelled their wheelchair at a self-selected speed and propulsion pattern. Upper extremity joint kinematics, forces, and moments were computed using …