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2014

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Articles 6871 - 6900 of 7238

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Construction Of 3d Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Emergency Scenarios For First Responder Pre-Nursing Training On Stereoscopic Display Systems, Alanzo Deon Granville Jan 2014

Construction Of 3d Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Emergency Scenarios For First Responder Pre-Nursing Training On Stereoscopic Display Systems, Alanzo Deon Granville

All ETDs from UAB

In today's society there is a need to have well prepared medical staff, especially in cases of cardiac arrest, and nurses are one of the first lines of defenses against cardiac arrest. They play a crucial role as first responders to administer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to patients in need of resuscitation, but CPR history has demonstrated CPR as a difficult process to learn for both medical professionals and laypersons. There are consistent recurring changes in guidelines to improve CPR practice which may promote changes within CPR knowledge, and the administration of CPR may also differ in complexity depending on the …

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Bridge Rail Design Procedure, Emad Badiee Jan 2014

Bridge Rail Design Procedure, Emad Badiee

All ETDs from UAB

The AASHTO Bridge Specifications recommend a yield line theory analysis to determine the structural capacity of concrete bridge railing based on static strength of concrete. However, this analysis technique has been shown to significantly underestimate the capacity of concrete bridge rails to withstand high speed truck impacts. Traditionally this shortcoming has been mitigated by artificial reductions in bridge rail design loads implemented into the design specifications. Fear of litigation associated with failure of a bridge rail to contain and redirect an errant vehicle has made continuing this policy unacceptable for most state highway agencies. On the other hand, existing barrier …

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Advancement Of The In-Situ Polymerization Process For Glass Fiber/Nylon-6 Laminates With Nanographite Platelets, Peter William Barfknecht Jan 2014

Advancement Of The In-Situ Polymerization Process For Glass Fiber/Nylon-6 Laminates With Nanographite Platelets, Peter William Barfknecht

All ETDs from UAB

The in-situ polymerization process of anionic polyamide-6 (APA-6) presents the opportunity for a new class of composite materials with excellent performance and wide applicability in the automotive, energy, transportation, and aerospace industries. Despite the inherent advantages of the process, industrial adoption is virtually nonexistent. The following work advances the APA-6 process in three distinct ways. First, the applicability of graphite-based nanoparticles to improve the processability and final performance of the material was evaluated. Nanographite platelets (NGPs) were selectively incorporated into a woven glass fiber/APA-6 laminate via a spraying technique. The polymerization kinetics were unaffected by the presence of NGPs. Mechanical …

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Utilization Of Dual Energy Computed Tomography Based Metal Artifact Reduction To Improve Radiation Treatment Planning In Patients With Implanted High-Z Materials, Evan Thomas Jan 2014

Utilization Of Dual Energy Computed Tomography Based Metal Artifact Reduction To Improve Radiation Treatment Planning In Patients With Implanted High-Z Materials, Evan Thomas

All ETDs from UAB

High quality computed tomography (CT) scans are integral to the successful cancer radiation therapy treatment plan. Metal streak artifact in the CT image originates when a high density medical implant (dental, orthopedic, etc.) disproportionally attenuates the imaging beam and corrupts the imaging data. This impairs the physician's task of identifying important boundaries between tumor and healthy issue. The ability of treatment planning software to accurately compute vital radiation dosimetry metrics is also compromised. Many methods have been explored to mitigate the complications of streak artifact; however, none have been found effective and efficient for routine clinical use. This work explores …

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Corrosion Prevention And Control Training In An Immersive Virtual Learning Environment, Rustin Deane Webster Jan 2014

Corrosion Prevention And Control Training In An Immersive Virtual Learning Environment, Rustin Deane Webster

All ETDs from UAB

The majority of military education and training has not veered far from the days of chalk and talk instruction. Often with technological breakthroughs comes the proposal of the next revolution in multimedia instruction. Motion pictures to radios to educational television programs have all seemed to come and gone. The next wave of multimedia learning may involve more than a PowerPoint® presentation and lecture. Researchers continue to propose that Virtual Reality (VR) will find its true application and/or market in education and training. The objective of the project was to develop and provide a low-cost, scalable, and portable VR system containing …

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Thermoplastic Pultrusion Development And Characterization Of Residual In Pultruded Composites With Modeling And Experiments, Khongor Jamiyanaa Jan 2014

Thermoplastic Pultrusion Development And Characterization Of Residual In Pultruded Composites With Modeling And Experiments, Khongor Jamiyanaa

All ETDs from UAB

ABSTRACT Pultrusion processing is a technique to make highly aligned fiber reinforced polymer composites. Thermoset pultrusion is a mature process and well established, while thermoplastic pultrusion in still in its infancy. Thermoplastic pultrusion has not been well established because thermoplastic resins are difficult to process due to their high viscosity. However, thermoplastic resins offer distinct advantages that make thermoplastic pultrusion worth exploring. The present work centers on developing a method to design and validate a die for a thermoplastic pultrusion system. Analytical models and various software tools were used to design a pultrusion die. Experimental measurements have been made to …

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Development Of A High-Throughput Self-Interaction Chromatography System, David Johnson Jan 2014

Development Of A High-Throughput Self-Interaction Chromatography System, David Johnson

All ETDs from UAB

The first recombinant human protein drug, insulin expressed in e.coli cells, was approved by the FDA in 1982. Since then, protein therapeutics have become the fastest growing segment of the pharmaceutical industry and include immunoglobulin-g (IgG) directed cancer and immune disorder treatments. A major difficulty to bring protein drugs to market is the requirement that they be concentrated up to 150 mg/ml without aggregation for efficacy in a small injection volume. One way to improve protein drug solubility is to include additives that reduce protein-protein attraction and increase protein-protein repulsion thereby preventing protein molecules from coming together to form aggregates. …

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Damping Enhancement Of A Pneumatic Inflatable Structure, Gabriel D. Judd Jan 2014

Damping Enhancement Of A Pneumatic Inflatable Structure, Gabriel D. Judd

All ETDs from UAB

In vehicles with stiff or no suspension systems, the pneumatic tires play a greater role in vibration control. The challenge is to find an approach that enhances vibratory damping in the tires without increasing the power losses due to rolling resistance effects. The goal of this thesis is to experimentally prove a novel concept of active damping within the tire while maintaining the rolling resistance found in a typical pneumatic tire. The pneumatic structure containing two chambers connected by orifices can enhance vibration damping using the force induced when air flows through the orifices. Passive damping is produced when a …

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Development Of An Axonal Outgrowth Assessment Methodology For Dorsal Root Ganglia Explants And Demonstration Of Method Efficacy On Electrospun Polymer Scaffolds, Sarah Margaret Kezar Jan 2014

Development Of An Axonal Outgrowth Assessment Methodology For Dorsal Root Ganglia Explants And Demonstration Of Method Efficacy On Electrospun Polymer Scaffolds, Sarah Margaret Kezar

All ETDs from UAB

In chronic spinal cord injury (SCI), a glial encapsulated cyst develops at the injury site and acts as a physical and biochemical barrier to regeneration. Discussion has suggested that filling the cyst with a growth promoting scaffold is a promising approach to cure chronic SCI, though the research to date lacks a systematic approach. Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) explants are an extremely common tissue culture model of neural regeneration employed in this field, however there is no uniform method for objectively quantifying substrate biocompatibility and neurite outgrowth. Therefore, we aimed to develop a novel DRG growth assessment methodology and to …

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Topographical Optimization Of Structures For Use In Musical Instruments And Other Applications, William Brandon Kirkland Jan 2014

Topographical Optimization Of Structures For Use In Musical Instruments And Other Applications, William Brandon Kirkland

All ETDs from UAB

Mallet percussion instruments such as the xylophone, marimba, and vibraphone have been produced and tuned since their inception by arduously grinding the keys to achieve harmonic ratios between their 1st, 2nd, and 3rd transverse modes. In consideration of this, it would be preferable to have defined mathematical models such that the keys of these instruments can be produced quickly and reliably. Additionally, physical modeling of these keys or beams provides a useful application of non-uniform beam vibrations as studied by Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko beam theories. This thesis work presents a literature review of previous studies regarding mallet percussion instrument design …

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A Low-Power Multichannel Telemetry System For High-Speed Wireless Neural Recordings, Yang-Guo Li Jan 2014

A Low-Power Multichannel Telemetry System For High-Speed Wireless Neural Recordings, Yang-Guo Li

All ETDs from UAB

The advances in microelectronics and wireless communication are going to change our lifestyles and benefit our healthcare system in the foreseeable future. New conception named "Ubiquitous Healthcare" has been proposed. It envisions a continuous, real-time, remote monitoring on the health conditions of people through the wireless communication network. Traditional biosignal monitoring devices need wire-connections for the recording, which may cause skin rupture and body infection. The physical connections also limited the number of the integrated recording channels. A low-power implantable multichannel telemetry system which can be implanted in the body and transmit recordings wirelessly can solve the problem of the …

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Exploring Intrinsic Biomarkers For Optical Assessment Of Outer Retina, Rongwen Lu Jan 2014

Exploring Intrinsic Biomarkers For Optical Assessment Of Outer Retina, Rongwen Lu

All ETDs from UAB

The retina suffers pathological changes after attacked by eye diseases. The objective of my PhD dissertation is to explore intrinsic biomarkers for noninvasive assessment of retinal morphological structure and physiological function. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF), optical coherence tomography (OCT), etc. have provided indispensable information for eye disease detection. However, better understanding of the intrinsic biomarkers in FAF and OCT is desirable for quantitative interpretation of clinical outcomes. The first specific aim of the dissertation research was to characterize FAF signals across the whole retinal depth using two-photon excitation. FAF signals are usually attributable to fluorophores from the choroidal vessel and the …

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Bio-Hybrid Tubular Electrospun Scaffold For Vascular Tissue Engineering Application, Harsh Narendrakumar Patel Jan 2014

Bio-Hybrid Tubular Electrospun Scaffold For Vascular Tissue Engineering Application, Harsh Narendrakumar Patel

All ETDs from UAB

Atherosclerosis is an asymmetric thickening of the intima (innermost layer) of the artery due to plaque (a combination of lipids, debris, connective tissue elements and cells) build up causing the artery to become narrower and stiffer, resulting in a major hemodynamic disturbance[1, 2]. When atherosclerosis affects coronary arteries and prevents blood flow to the heart muscles posing a threat of, or a actual myocardial infarction, that condition is identified as coronary artery disease (CAD). To treat severely blocked coronary arteries,coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) have became the gold standard for when angioplasty and stent placement has failed to unclog the …

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Drag Coefficients For Highway Variable Message Sign Structures, Joseph Phillips Jan 2014

Drag Coefficients For Highway Variable Message Sign Structures, Joseph Phillips

All ETDs from UAB

Variable Message Signs (VMS) are becoming an integral part of transportation infrastructure on US interstates and highways. VMS structures are vital in ensuring the safety of motorists by relaying messages concerning potential road hazards such as fog, traffic congestion, highway construction, and lane closures. These structures are larger and heavier than typical flat panel signs, and thus behave differently when subjected to wind loads. The design of VMS structures is specified in the 2013 edition of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Standard Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaires, and Traffic Signals. The AASHTO …

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High Spatiotemporal Resolution Mapping Of Retinal Physiology, Qiuxiang Zhang Jan 2014

High Spatiotemporal Resolution Mapping Of Retinal Physiology, Qiuxiang Zhang

All ETDs from UAB

The objective of my PhD dissertation research is to explore high resolution imaging of retinal function using transient intrinsic optical signals (IOSs) correlated with retinal physiological activation. The retina is responsible for capturing photons and preliminary visual information processing. Functional examination of retinal neural cells is important for eye disease detection and treatment evaluation. It is known that different diseases can target different retinal cell types, and thus high resolution imaging of retinal function is desirable. Fast IOSs with time courses comparable to retinal electroretinogram (ERG) kinetics can act as a unique biomarker to map physiological distortions correlated with eye …

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Imaging Biomarkers For Prediction Of Treatment Response In Schizophrenia, Jennifer Ann Hadley Jan 2014

Imaging Biomarkers For Prediction Of Treatment Response In Schizophrenia, Jennifer Ann Hadley

All ETDs from UAB

Schizophrenia affects approximately 1% of the population and is one of the top five causes of disability worldwide. Patient response to any particular drug is variable and currently unpredictable. Our overall goal is to identify imaging biomarkers that will distinguish patients with schizophrenia who will respond to an antipsychotic drug from those who will not. When considering potential biomarkers, it is important to note that schizophrenia is known to involve altered neuronal connections, thought to reflect pathologically relevant changes associated with the disease. We propose to utilize functional connectivity as a biomarker for treatment response to antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia. …

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Chloramination And Corrosion: Case Studies, Utility Experience, And Statistical Comparisons With Chlorination, Jason Heberling Jan 2014

Chloramination And Corrosion: Case Studies, Utility Experience, And Statistical Comparisons With Chlorination, Jason Heberling

All ETDs from UAB

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) began implementing the Stage 2 Disinfectant By-products (DBP) Rule (Stage 2) in 2012. The purpose of this regulation is to protect water utility customers from potentially harmful DBP's, most importantly, total trihalomethanes (TTHM) and haloacetic acids (HAA). DBP's have been directly linked to health problems, especially bladder cancer. Regulated DBP's are formed by the chemical reaction of chlorine and naturally occurring organic matter. Chloramines do not produce TTHM's and HAA's and water utilities have used chloramines in place of chlorine in an attempt to meet Stage 2 rules. However, a possible problem of …

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Sex Differences In Ss-Adrenergic Responsiveness Of Isolated Rabbit Hearts, Gregory Hoeker Jan 2014

Sex Differences In Ss-Adrenergic Responsiveness Of Isolated Rabbit Hearts, Gregory Hoeker

All ETDs from UAB

Stimulation of adrenergic receptors by catecholamines is the predominant regulatory mechanism for cardiovascular performance. Many cardiovascular diseases involve changes in ß-adrenergic signaling that often lead to decreased cardiac performance, cardiac arrhythmias, and/or sudden cardiac death. This has made ß-adrenergic receptors (ß-ARs) a significant therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease. Sex differences in ß-adrenergic responsiveness have been associated with cardioprotection in females, conferring a survival benefit in female patients with heart failure (HF). The heart contains three distinct ß-ARs: ß1-, ß2-, and ß3-AR. It is not known how each ß-AR subtype contributes to the sex differences in ß-responsiveness, let alone how this …

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Nanodiamond Mediated Therapies For Prostate Cancer, Amanee Salaam Jan 2014

Nanodiamond Mediated Therapies For Prostate Cancer, Amanee Salaam

All ETDs from UAB

Enhancing therapeutic efficacy is essential for successful treatment of chemoresistant cancers such as metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Current chemotherapy regimens are plagued with issues such as toxicity, low bioavailability, and lack of specificity. To combat these issues, the feasibility of using nanodiamond particles (ND) to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin and resveratrol was investigated. The enhancement of chemotherapy using NDs was evaluated with three unique approaches: (1) drug mediation, (2) combination therapy, and (3) targeted drug delivery. The ND mediated doxorubicin system achieved a 50% improvement in therapeutic efficacy with over 60% cell death. The ND resveratrol combination therapy …

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Fabrication And Characterization Of Functionalized Polymer Systems Using Dip-Pen Nanolithography, Carrie Schindler Jan 2014

Fabrication And Characterization Of Functionalized Polymer Systems Using Dip-Pen Nanolithography, Carrie Schindler

All ETDs from UAB

As more technology shifts from the microscale to the nanoscale, the demand for new fabrication and characterization methods to investigate material properties on the nanoscale significantly increases. Dip-pen nanolithography is an innovative printing technique with the precision to deposit a multitude of inks with nanoscale dimensions on a variety of substrates. This bottom-up approach of high-throughput printing has enabled the study of nanomaterials spanning the gamut of disciplines from nanoelectronics to single-cell interactions to drug delivery. However, the scalability and reproducibility of the dip-pen nanolithography platform has yet to reach full potential in terms of large-scale material production. Specifically, the …

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Modeling Of Pollutant Transport In The Nile Delta, Egypt, Mohamed Khaled Elsayed Mostafa Jan 2014

Modeling Of Pollutant Transport In The Nile Delta, Egypt, Mohamed Khaled Elsayed Mostafa

All ETDs from UAB

Poor water quality is one of the biggest problems faced by most countries and especially by developing countries such as Egypt. The mismanagement of potable water resources constitutes one of the main reasons for the depletion of water. This research was carried out in the Nile River delta, a region in which toxic dumping and water quality degradation exist. The Nile delta receives pollution loads from industrial, agricultural, and domestic activities located along its path leading to the spread of water-related diseases such as hepatitis, typhoid, cholera, and kidney failure [Safe Drinking Water Foundation, 2009]. The main objective of this …

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Quantum Computation Approach To Information Theoretic Modeling And Analysis Of Systems, Luai Najim Jan 2014

Quantum Computation Approach To Information Theoretic Modeling And Analysis Of Systems, Luai Najim

All ETDs from UAB

The modeling of systems has been addressed in the physical sciences from the perspective of Energy and matter. The 3rd original idea of Communication as a means of modeling systems has been established and applied. In this study, we apply the 3rd original idea of communication to systems on a quantum level. By marrying Shannon's noisy communication channel to Feynman QED and Quantum Computing, we realize a visual model for the representation of the entropy of a noisy communication channel on a quantum scale. We also use that visual representation concept to define a geometric view into the superposition of …

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Unidirectional Rotary Tendency Of A Wave-Driven Rotor, Yingchen Yang Jan 2014

Unidirectional Rotary Tendency Of A Wave-Driven Rotor, Yingchen Yang

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Ocean waves can directly drive WECs (wave energy converters) to perform two types of motion—reciprocating motion and unidirectional rotary motion. In general, the efficiency of a reciprocating WEC is strongly wave-frequency dependent, whereas the efficiency of a rotary WEC can be somewhat wave-frequency independent. To date, a huge majority of WEC technologies under development in industry belong to the reciprocating class, and only a few WEC concepts fall in the unidirectional rotary class. In the present work, a wave-driven rotor for unidirectional rotary motion was proposed and characterized. A numerical tool has been developed for characterization of the rotor’s unidirectional …

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Cost Minimization Approach To Synthesis Of Linear Reversible Circuits, Ben Schaeffer, Marek Perkowski Jan 2014

Cost Minimization Approach To Synthesis Of Linear Reversible Circuits, Ben Schaeffer, Marek Perkowski

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper presents a heuristic cost minimization approach to synthesizing linear reversible circuits. Two bidirectional linear reversible circuit synthesis methods are introduced, the Alternating Elimination with Cost Minimization method (AECM) and the Multiple CNOT Gate method (MCG). Algorithms, example syntheses, and extensions to these methods are presented. An MCG variant which incorporates line reordering is introduced. Tests comparing the new cost minimization methods with the best known method for large circuits are presented. Results show that of the three methods MCG had the lowest average CNOT gate counts for linear reversible circuits up to 24 lines, and that AECM had …

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Reliability Analysis For Chain Topology Wireless Sensor Networks With Multiple-Sending Transmission Scheme, Jie Cai, Xiaoyu Song, Jinyuan Wang, Ming Gu Jan 2014

Reliability Analysis For Chain Topology Wireless Sensor Networks With Multiple-Sending Transmission Scheme, Jie Cai, Xiaoyu Song, Jinyuan Wang, Ming Gu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Reliability analysis is a key problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The primary contribution of this paper is an in-depth study of the reliability of a chain topology wireless sensor network with multiple-sending scheme. We study the wireless link reliability for the fading channels. The node energy availability for the source and relay nodes is investigated in terms of the limited node energy. The instantaneous network reliability and the mean time to failure are derived. Finally, the initial node energy allocation scheme is proposed to balance the lifetime of each sensor node, thus reducing the total energy consumption. The simulation …

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Continuous Monitoring Of Turning In Patients With Movement Disability, Mahmoud Ahmed El-Gohary, Sean Pearson, James Mcnames, Martina Mancini, Fay Horak, Sabato Mellone, Lorenzo Chiari Jan 2014

Continuous Monitoring Of Turning In Patients With Movement Disability, Mahmoud Ahmed El-Gohary, Sean Pearson, James Mcnames, Martina Mancini, Fay Horak, Sabato Mellone, Lorenzo Chiari

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Difficulty with turning is a major contributor to mobility disability and falls in people with movement disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Turning often results in freezing and/or falling in patients with PD. However, asking a patient to execute a turn in the clinic often does not reveal their impairments. Continuous monitoring of turning with wearable sensors during spontaneous daily activities may help clinicians and patients determine who is at risk of falls and could benefit from preventative interventions. In this study, we show that continuous monitoring of natural turning with wearable sensors during daily activities inside and outside the …

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Functional Verification Of High Performance Adders In Coq, Qian Wang, Xiaoyu Song, Ming Gu, Jiaguang Sun Jan 2014

Functional Verification Of High Performance Adders In Coq, Qian Wang, Xiaoyu Song, Ming Gu, Jiaguang Sun

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Addition arithmetic design plays a crucial role in high performance digital systems. The paper proposes a systematic method to formalize and verify adders in a formal proof assistant COQ. The proposed approach succeeds in formalizing the gate-level implementations and verifying the functional correctness of the most important adders of interest in industry, in a faithful, scalable, and modularized way. The methodology can be extended to other adder architectures as well.

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Neuromodulation Based Control Of Autonomous Robots On A Cloud Computing Platform, Cameron Muhammad Jan 2014

Neuromodulation Based Control Of Autonomous Robots On A Cloud Computing Platform, Cameron Muhammad

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

In recent years, the advancement of neurobiologically plausible models and computer networking has resulted in new ways of implementing control systems on robotic platforms. The work presents a control approach based on vertebrate neuromodulation and its implementation on autonomous robots in the open-source, open-access environment of robot operating system (ROS). A spiking neural network (SNN) is used to model the neuromodulatory function for generating context based behavioral responses of the robots to sensory input signals. The neural network incorporates three types of neurons- cholinergic and noradrenergic (ACh/NE) neurons for attention focusing and action selection, dopaminergic (DA) neurons for rewards- and …

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A Technical And Economic Feasibility Study Of Implementing A Microgrid At Georgia Southern University, Matthew S. Purser Jan 2014

A Technical And Economic Feasibility Study Of Implementing A Microgrid At Georgia Southern University, Matthew S. Purser

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The performance and benefits of microgrids were considered, and the feasibility of implementing a microgrid for a portion of the Georgia Southern University campus assessed. The existing power delivery system was described and characterized to ascertain whether conversion to a microgrid would be both feasible and beneficial. Different types of distributed generation were considered for their appropriateness for use on campus. A detailed economic analysis of potential microgrid configurations was then performed using HOMER, and the results were presented in the form of recommended action and alternatives.

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Novel Syntheses And Surface Modifications Of Electrode Materials For Superior Lithium-Ion Batteries, Jianqing Zhao Jan 2014

Novel Syntheses And Surface Modifications Of Electrode Materials For Superior Lithium-Ion Batteries, Jianqing Zhao

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Rechargeable lithium-ion battery is one of the most promising energy conversion and storage systems that offers high energy and powder densities, long service life and assuring safety. Performance of lithium-ion batteries crucially relies on electrochemical characteristics of electrode materials, i.e., anode and cathode materials. This dissertation work aims at developing novel electrode materials with high capacity, excellent cycling stability and remarkable rate capability for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. The effects of surface modifications for LiMn2O4 cathode materials are studied by depositing ultrathin conformal amphoteric oxides via atomic layer deposition (ALD). In the case of ZnO coating, the thickness of ZnO ALD …

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