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Articles 1831 - 1860 of 6306
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Hierarchy Of Supramolecular Synthons In The Of Design Multi-Component Crystals, Padmini Kavuru
Hierarchy Of Supramolecular Synthons In The Of Design Multi-Component Crystals, Padmini Kavuru
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Most of the biological systems in nature are sustained by molecular self-assemblies which are the finest examples of supramolecular architectures. Non-covalent interactions are key concepts which govern these molecular assemblies. Inspired by these examples crystal engineering emerged as an important tool in supramolecular chemistry which aids in the invention of new molecular structures with desired properties. Understanding of how the molecules interact at the molecular levels enables one to rationally design novel solid forms with modulated physicochemical properties. This feature of crystal engineering has heightened its position in materials chemistry and is currently one of the most well studied fields …
Repeatable Low-Temperature Negative-Differential Resistance From Al0.18ga0.82n/Gan Resonant Tunneling Diodes Grown By Molecular-Beam Epitaxy On Free-Standing Gan Substrates, D. Li, L. Tang, C. Edmunds, J. Shao, G. Gardner, Michael J. Manfra, O. Malis
Repeatable Low-Temperature Negative-Differential Resistance From Al0.18ga0.82n/Gan Resonant Tunneling Diodes Grown By Molecular-Beam Epitaxy On Free-Standing Gan Substrates, D. Li, L. Tang, C. Edmunds, J. Shao, G. Gardner, Michael J. Manfra, O. Malis
Birck and NCN Publications
Low-aluminum composition AlGaN/GaN double-barrier resonant tunneling structures were grown by plasma-assisted molecular-beam-epitaxy on free-standing c-plane GaN substrates grown by hydride-vapor phase epitaxy. Clear, exactly reproducible, negative-differential resistance signatures were observed from 4 x 4 mu m(2) devices at 1.5V and 1.7V at 77K. The relatively small value of the maximum peak-to-valley ratio (1.03) and the area dependence of the electrical characteristics suggest that charge transport is affected by leakage paths through dislocations. However, the reproducibility of the data indicates that electrical traps play no significant role in the charge transport in resonant tunneling diodes grown by molecular-beam-epitaxy under Ga-rich conditions …
Pumping Systems With Variable Reference Head: The Non-Visualized Problems, Boris Rodriguez C., Astrid Pérezo O., José Manuel Adriasola V.
Pumping Systems With Variable Reference Head: The Non-Visualized Problems, Boris Rodriguez C., Astrid Pérezo O., José Manuel Adriasola V.
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
ABSTRACT: In several industries, like the mining business, it is very common to observe high head pumping systems, which transport water to more than one discharge point. These discharge points could have, in some cases, variable discharge pressures and, furthermore, could be utilized as water sources (a water reservoir, for example) for other facilities using the same pipes that feed them (flow in double direction). Because of this particular design, the pumping systems can have different Total Dynamic Head (TDH) depending on the water level in the reservoir(s), resulting in a complication for the design and operation of the pumping …
International Junior Researcher And Engineer Workshop On Hydraulic Structures Session 2, Francois Rulot, Riley Olsen, Gonzalo Duró
International Junior Researcher And Engineer Workshop On Hydraulic Structures Session 2, Francois Rulot, Riley Olsen, Gonzalo Duró
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
No abstract provided.
International Junior Researcher And Engineer Workshop On Hydraulic Structures Session 3, Maria Trujillo, Bryan Heiner, Francois Rulot
International Junior Researcher And Engineer Workshop On Hydraulic Structures Session 3, Maria Trujillo, Bryan Heiner, Francois Rulot
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
No abstract provided.
International Junior Researcher And Engineer Workshop On Hydraulic Structures Session 6, Boris Rodriguez, Josh Mortensen, Riley Olsen, Nathan Christensen, Mitch Dabling, Gonzalo Duró
International Junior Researcher And Engineer Workshop On Hydraulic Structures Session 6, Boris Rodriguez, Josh Mortensen, Riley Olsen, Nathan Christensen, Mitch Dabling, Gonzalo Duró
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
No abstract provided.
Water Level Sensors, What Works?, Bryan J. Heiner, Thomas W. Gill
Water Level Sensors, What Works?, Bryan J. Heiner, Thomas W. Gill
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
ABSTRACT: Water level sensors come in all shapes, sizes, and types and can range in price from a couple hundred to several thousand US dollars. This project utilizes real world examples from around the western United States to determine what level sensors work well and to document what characteristics may prevent them from providing accurate water level measurements in differing climates. Researchers have developed a calibration procedure that can be used in field or laboratory situations to obtain accurate calibrations of multiple types of water level sensors. Sensors that have been calibrated and installed are being monitored to determine their …
The Effect Of Boulder Spacing On Flow Patterns Around Boulders Under Partial Submergence, Iordanis Moustakidis, Athanasios Papanicolaou, Achilleas Tsakiris
The Effect Of Boulder Spacing On Flow Patterns Around Boulders Under Partial Submergence, Iordanis Moustakidis, Athanasios Papanicolaou, Achilleas Tsakiris
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
ABSTRACT: This study focuses on documenting the influence of boulder spacing on flow patterns within an array of boulders in mountain streams. Boulder arrays modify the flow structures in their vicinity, which in turn regulate the depositional patterns. However, a critical literature review reveals that the effects of boulder spacing on flow have been overlooked. Herein, we hypothesize that the developing flow structures around boulders are controlled by the boulder spacing. The objective of this study is to map the surface flow structures around partially submerged boulders for two different boulder spacing scenarios: (1) λ/dc = 6 and (2) …
Dealing With Sedimental Transport Over Partly Non-Erodible Bottoms, François Rulot, Benjamin Dewals, Pierre Archambeau, Michael Pirotton, Sébastien Erpicum Hece
Dealing With Sedimental Transport Over Partly Non-Erodible Bottoms, François Rulot, Benjamin Dewals, Pierre Archambeau, Michael Pirotton, Sébastien Erpicum Hece
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
ABSTRACT: In depth-averaged flow and morphodynamic models using a finite volume discretization based on explicit time integration, a specific difficulty can arise during a computation: the computed sediment level can become lower than the level of a non-erodible bottom. The original developments presented in this paper enable correction of the non-physical sediment levels. The method, based on iterative limitation of the outward fluxes, is perfectly mass conservative and remains computationally efficient. The resulting model has been validated with several 1D benchmarks leading to configurations with sediment transport over a nonerodible bottom. Two interesting experimental benchmarks are highlighted in this paper …
Using Particle Image Velocimetry (Piv) System In Fish Passage Through Rehabilitated Culverts, Mohanad Khodier, Blake P. Tullis
Using Particle Image Velocimetry (Piv) System In Fish Passage Through Rehabilitated Culverts, Mohanad Khodier, Blake P. Tullis
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
ABSTRACT: The Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system was used to investigate fish passage behaviour through a circular, 0.61-m diameter pipe with evenly spaced baffles along the invert. A section of the pipe wall between two adjacent baffles was replaced with a transparent window (Lexan) and a water box placed outside of the pipe to create a tested section. The test was conducted for different pipe slopes 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5%. For each slope, the pipe was tested for different flow rates 28.3, 56.6, and 85 l/s. Also, the PIV was used to produce the velocity vector field by post-processing …
Conference Proceedings, Blake Tullis, Robert Jansson
Conference Proceedings, Blake Tullis, Robert Jansson
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
No abstract provided.
Measurement Of Turbulence In Pressurized Pipe Flow Using Particle Image Velocimetry, Josh Mortensen
Measurement Of Turbulence In Pressurized Pipe Flow Using Particle Image Velocimetry, Josh Mortensen
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
Abstract: Invasive mussel species can cause problems at a variety of water resource facilities by colonizing within piping systems, significantly reducing flow capacity. Exposing mussels to intense turbulence as they enter the system may be effective in reducing mussel settlement downstream. To quantify turbulence in a pressurized pipe, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements were made downstream of a newly developed pipe fitting designed to generate intense turbulence for mussel control. Two-dimensional (2D) velocity data were collected throughout the pipe profile at various distances downstream of the fitting and were analyzed to quantify hydrodynamic properties of the turbulent flow including dissipation …
Mean Velocity Effect In Bio-Fouled Pipes, Maria Ximena Trujillo, Juan Saldarriaga
Mean Velocity Effect In Bio-Fouled Pipes, Maria Ximena Trujillo, Juan Saldarriaga
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
ABSTRACT: The hydraulic resistance of pipes with biofilm surface coatings can be difficult to predict based on smooth-wall pipe theory. The impacts of biofilm growth in distribution networks and the influence of mean velocity in their development were studied in a recirculation model system at the Hydraulic Laboratory of Universidad de los Andes, using as nutrient a grass specie called “kikuyu” (s.p. Pennicetum clandestine), which is common in raw water sources of Bogotá, Colombia. Water flowed constantly through the system during 150 days, and biofilm measurements were taken from monitors installed on the pipe’s wall. Bio-fouling was observed for various …
Heat Exchanger System Piping Design For A Tube Rupture Event, Fadi Antoine Wakim, Pinar Cakir Kavcar, Mustafa Samad
Heat Exchanger System Piping Design For A Tube Rupture Event, Fadi Antoine Wakim, Pinar Cakir Kavcar, Mustafa Samad
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
ABSTRACT: Tube-rupture events in shell and tube heat exchangers can result in significantly high surge pressures. Steady state and dynamic methods can be used to assess the impacts of these events on heat exchanger system piping networks. This paper presents the findings of a set of dynamic surge simulations on the impacts of tube-rupture events in a Propane-Feed Gas Heat Exchanger System. Once adjacent piping design is considered, the Joukowsky formulation-based method is not always appropriate to estimate tube-rupture surge impacts. Dynamic simulations need to be conducted to assess the tube-rupture impact on piping systems due to the surge wave …
International Junior Researcher And Engineer Workshop On Hydraulic Structures Session 4, Gonzalo Duró, Mitch Dabling, Josh Mortensen, Boris Rodriguez, Fadi Wakim
International Junior Researcher And Engineer Workshop On Hydraulic Structures Session 4, Gonzalo Duró, Mitch Dabling, Josh Mortensen, Boris Rodriguez, Fadi Wakim
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
No abstract provided.
Hazards At Low-Head Dams, Riley J. Olsen, Michael C. Johnson
Hazards At Low-Head Dams, Riley J. Olsen, Michael C. Johnson
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
ABSTRACT: Low-head dams are small structures that are built for many purposes, the most common being to impound small amounts of water for various uses. At certain flow conditions, a dangerous countercurrent, known as a roller, can form downstream of a low-head dam. This current possesses an upstream directed surface velocity that can effectively trap debris, as well as unsuspecting humans, at the downstream side of the dam. It is this current that is responsible for the deaths of many individuals that have ventured too close to these structures over the years. It is the objective of this study to …
International Junior Researcher And Engineer Workshop On Hydraulic Structures Session 1, Adam Witt, Fadi Wakim, Nathan Christensen
International Junior Researcher And Engineer Workshop On Hydraulic Structures Session 1, Adam Witt, Fadi Wakim, Nathan Christensen
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
No abstract provided.
Staged And Notched Labyrinth Weir Hydraulics, Mitchell R. Dabling, Brian M. Crookston
Staged And Notched Labyrinth Weir Hydraulics, Mitchell R. Dabling, Brian M. Crookston
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
ABSTRACT: Replacement spillways are frequently required to pass revised and larger design storm events. Generally matching the outflow hydrograph of the existing spillway is also a common design requirement. Labyrinth spillways can increase spillway discharge capacity. Staged and notched sections of crest have been used in design to satisfy discharge hydrograph requirements. However, inadequate hydraulic design information is available specific to staged and notched labyrinth weirs. In this study, the flow characteristics of multiple staged and notched labyrinth weir configurations (laboratory-scale) were tested. Head-discharge relationships were evaluated experimentally and compared with computed results using superposition (predicting the discharge over the …
Cavitation In Hydraulic Structures-Bridging The Gap Between The Laboratory And The Real World, K. Warren Frizell
Cavitation In Hydraulic Structures-Bridging The Gap Between The Laboratory And The Real World, K. Warren Frizell
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
ABSTRACT: Recollections of a thirty-five-year career at the hydraulic laboratory of the Bureau of Reclamation are presented within the context of using all the tools at your disposal to reach the best possible answer to your research questions. Cavitation in hydraulic structures will be the main topic used to illustrate this premise, using historic examples and current research to demonstrate study approaches, testing techniques, and applied solutions to real world problems.
Physical Modeling And Cfd Comparison: Case Study Of A Hydro-Combined Power Station In Spillway Mode, Gonzalo Duró, Mariano De Dios, Alfredo López, Sergio O. Liscia
Physical Modeling And Cfd Comparison: Case Study Of A Hydro-Combined Power Station In Spillway Mode, Gonzalo Duró, Mariano De Dios, Alfredo López, Sergio O. Liscia
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
ABSTRACT: This study presents comparisons between the results of a commercial CFD code and physical model measurements. The case study is a hydro-combined power station operating in spillway mode for a given scenario. Two turbulence models and two scales are implemented to identify the capabilities and limitations of each approach and to determine the selection criteria for CFD modeling for this kind of structure. The main flow characteristics are considered for analysis, but the focus is on a fluctuating frequency phenomenon for accurate quantitative comparisons. Acceptable representations of the general hydraulic functioning are found in all approaches, according to physical …
International Junior Researcher And Engineer Workshop On Hydraulic Structures Session 5, Mohanad Khodier, Adam Witt, Maria Trujillo, Iordanis Moustakidis, Francois Rulot
International Junior Researcher And Engineer Workshop On Hydraulic Structures Session 5, Mohanad Khodier, Adam Witt, Maria Trujillo, Iordanis Moustakidis, Francois Rulot
International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures
No abstract provided.
Performance Characteristics Of Lithium Coin Cells For Use In Wireless Sensing Systems, Yin Zhang
Performance Characteristics Of Lithium Coin Cells For Use In Wireless Sensing Systems, Yin Zhang
Theses and Dissertations
Understanding the pulsed discharge behavior of low-rate lithium coin cells in wireless sensing systems is critical to prolong the operating life and/or reduce the size of battery-powered WSs. This dissertation presents the battery transient analysis for a sensor duty cycle, experimental studies for sustained pulse discharge cycling, and investigation on recharge strategies for a battery/power harvesting hybrid system for WSs. The transient behavior of the lithium coin cells during pulse discharge and subsequent relaxation was investigated with single-pulse experiments and theoretical analysis. The voltage response for a pulsed discharge had two parts: a region of rapid voltage change and a …
Single-Molecule Tools Elucidate H2a.Z Nucleosome Composition, Jiji Chen, Andrew Miller, Ann L. Kirchmaier, Joseph M.K. Irudayaraj
Single-Molecule Tools Elucidate H2a.Z Nucleosome Composition, Jiji Chen, Andrew Miller, Ann L. Kirchmaier, Joseph M.K. Irudayaraj
Birck and NCN Publications
Although distinct epigenetic marks correlate with different chromatin states, how they are integrated within single nucleosomes to generate combinatorial signals remains largely unknown. We report the successful implementation of single molecule tools constituting fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), pulse interleave excitation-based Forster resonance energy transfer (PIE-FRET) and fluorescence lifetime imaging-based FRET (FLIM-FRET) to elucidate the composition of single nucleosomes containing histone variant H2A.Z (Htz1p in yeast) in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that yeast nucleosomes containing Htz1p are primarily composed of H4 K12ac and H3 K4me3 but not H3 K36me3 and that these patterns are conserved in mammalian cells. Quantification …
Mechanical Properties Of Recycled Aggregate Concrete With Deformed Steel Re-Bar, Yongjae Kim, Jongsung Sim, Cheolwoo Park
Mechanical Properties Of Recycled Aggregate Concrete With Deformed Steel Re-Bar, Yongjae Kim, Jongsung Sim, Cheolwoo Park
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
This study investigates fundamental properties of the recycled aggregate which was produced through recent hi-technique of recycling. In addition, the mechanical properties of the concrete that was made by the recycled aggregate were compared to the concrete made of natural aggregate. The primary objective of this study was to characterize the concrete-rebar bonding properties of the recycled aggregate concrete. The recycled aggregate concrete showed about 18% decreased bond strength as compared to the natural aggregate concrete. The current prediction equation of bond strength suggested by the design specification does not consider this decreased bond strength by the use of the …
Effect Of Water Soluble Polymer And Fiber On The Early-Age Shrinkage Cracking Of Cementitious Composites, Shih-Tang Lin, Ran Huang, Tsai-Lung Weng
Effect Of Water Soluble Polymer And Fiber On The Early-Age Shrinkage Cracking Of Cementitious Composites, Shih-Tang Lin, Ran Huang, Tsai-Lung Weng
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
Both polymeric fiber and water soluble polymer (WSP) have been reported effective in reducing early-age shrinkage cracking. The synergistic effect of cellulose based WSP and fiber on reducing early-age shrinkage cracking of cementitious composite exposed to a constant evaporation rate of 1 kg/(h.m2) environment was investigated in this paper. A fixed ratio of WSP was employed in the poly-acrylic fiber reinforced cementitious composites with various fiber content and aspect ratios. Results indicate that the addition of polymeric fibers reduced plastic shrinkage cracking, such as the total crack area, the average crack width and cracks wider than 1.5 mm. Further reductions …
Ethanol And Anaerobic Conditions Reversibly Inhibit Commercial Cellulase Activity In Thermophilic Simultaneous Saccharification And Fermentation (Tssf), Kara K. Podkaminer, William R. Kenealy, Christopher D. Herring, David A. Hogsett, Lee R. Lynd
Ethanol And Anaerobic Conditions Reversibly Inhibit Commercial Cellulase Activity In Thermophilic Simultaneous Saccharification And Fermentation (Tssf), Kara K. Podkaminer, William R. Kenealy, Christopher D. Herring, David A. Hogsett, Lee R. Lynd
Dartmouth Scholarship
A previously developed mathematical model of low solids thermophilic simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (tSSF) with Avicel was unable to predict performance at high solids using a commercial cellulase preparation (Spezyme CP) and the high ethanol yield Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum strain ALK2. The observed hydrolysis proceeded more slowly than predicted at solids concentrations greater than 50 g/L Avicel. Factors responsible for this inaccuracy were investigated in this study.
Clay Minerals For Nanocomposites And Biotechnology: Surface Modification, Dynamics And Responses To Stimuli, Hendrik Heinz
Clay Minerals For Nanocomposites And Biotechnology: Surface Modification, Dynamics And Responses To Stimuli, Hendrik Heinz
College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering
Clay minerals find a wide range of application in composites, paints, drilling liquids, cosmetics, and medicine. This article reviews chemical and physical properties of natural and organically modified clay minerals to understand the nanometre-scale structure, surface characteristics, and application in functional materials. The relation between fundamental properties and materials design is emphasized and illustrated by examples. The discussion comprises the following: an overview; surface structure and cation density; solubility and solubility reversal by surface modification; the degree of covalent and ionic bonding represented by atomic charges; the distribution of metal substitution sites; measurements and simulations of interfacial properties at the …
Effective Asr Inhibiting Length And Applied Electrical Field Under Accelerated Lithium Migration Technique, Wei-Chien Wang, Chih-Chien Liu, Chau Lee
Effective Asr Inhibiting Length And Applied Electrical Field Under Accelerated Lithium Migration Technique, Wei-Chien Wang, Chih-Chien Liu, Chau Lee
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
This study investigates the effective concrete length and electric field strength during Accelerated Lithium Migration Technique (ALMT) application for the inhibition of the alkali-silica reaction (ASR). Concrete specimens measuring 10 cm in diameter and 5, 7, 9, 11, 14, 17, 20 and 23 cm in length are fabricated. Specimens with 5, 7, and 9 cm in length are applied 9 A/m2 constant current density, and the rest specimens are applied 60 V constant voltage. After the ALMT process, the specimen is cut every 0.5 cm and analyzed its cation content. Experimental results shows that if the aim of ASR inhibition …
Impact Abrasion Of Hydraulic Structures Concrete, Yu-Wen Liu, Shi-Wei Cho, Tsao-Hua Hsu
Impact Abrasion Of Hydraulic Structures Concrete, Yu-Wen Liu, Shi-Wei Cho, Tsao-Hua Hsu
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
Most of the abrasion damage is caused by the action of water-borne particles (silt, sand, gravel, and other solid) impacting and rolling against the concrete surface during hydraulic structure operation. In this paper solid-particle abrasion of concrete containing slag was studied. Experiments included use of river sand abrade of mean diameter ~ 0.6, 1.2, 2.5 and 5 mm, and sand content was 110, 230 and 340 kg per 1 m3 of water, impacting at 30°, 45° and 90° to the concrete surface. And the waterborne sand flow impact test method was used. Test results show that the abrasion rate to …
Effect Of Alkaline Solutions On Engineering Properties Of Alkali-Activated Ggbfs Paste, Tzong-Ruey Yang, Ta-Peng Chang, Bo-Tsun Chen, Jeng-Ywan Shih, Wei-Lun Lin
Effect Of Alkaline Solutions On Engineering Properties Of Alkali-Activated Ggbfs Paste, Tzong-Ruey Yang, Ta-Peng Chang, Bo-Tsun Chen, Jeng-Ywan Shih, Wei-Lun Lin
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
In this study, two kinds of alkaline solutions, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), with three dosages of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% by weight were used to produce the alkali-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) paste at three different liquid-solid ratios by weight of 0.45, 0.5 and 0.55. Most engineering properties of the paste were examined at age of 3, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days. Experimental results show that a mixed alkaline solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate is necessary to produce an alkaliactivated GGBFS paste with adequate workability and strength. Both the liquid-solid ratio and …