Engineering Commons^™

Fabrication Of Functionally Graded 3a/5a Zeolites By Electrophoretic Deposition, X. Wang, E. A. Olevsky, E. Bruce, M. B. Stern, D. T. Hayhurst

Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Functionally graded zeolites of molecular sieve type 3A and 5A are deposited by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) from acetone suspension with 8% volume concentration of n-butylamine as particle charging agent. The EPD characteristics of both 3A and 5A suspensions are studied. Functionally graded zeolite 3A/5A deposits are obtained at 200 V DC. Energy dispersive X-ray dispersion (EDX) analysis results confirm the graded structure. The deposited zeolites are also analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The factors influencing the deposition process are discussed.

Assessment Of Human Trabecular Architecture In The Pubis By Three Radiographic Modalities, Andrew D. Wade, Andrew J. Nelson, Gregory J. Garvin, David W. Holdsworth

Anthropology Presentations

This poster discusses technical aspects of an investigation into the use of non-destructive radiological analyses of pubic cancellous bone structure to estimate age-at-death from human skeletal remains. This study stems from findings, in X-ray plain films, of increased rarification and orientation of trabeculae with age [1]; likely in concert with the macroscopic remodelling of the symphyseal surface currently used in estimation of age-at-death.

The study uses three non-destructive X-ray imaging modalities: plain film radiography, computed tomography (CT), and micro-CT (μCT). Plain film radiography has greater spatial resolution than CT [2] and is relatively inexpensive, widely available, and, with portable X-ray …

Development Of Rainfall Intensity Duration Frequency Curves For The City Of London Under The Changing Climate, Predrag Prodanovic, Slobodan P. Simonovic

Water Resources Research Report

The main focus of this study is the analysis of short duration high intensity rainfall for London, Ontario under the conditions of the changed climate. Predicted future climate change impacts for Southwestern Ontario include higher temperatures and increases in precipitation, leading to an intensification of the hydrologic cycle. One of the expected consequences of change is an increase in the magnitude and frequency of extreme events (e.g. high intensity rainfall, flash flooding, severe droughts, etc.). Changes in extreme events are of particular importance to the design, operation and maintenance of municipal water management infrastructure.

Municipal water management infrastructure (sewers, storm …

Fine-Resolution Climate Projections Enhance Regional Climate Change Impact Studies, Edwin P. Maurer, Levi Brekke, Tom Pruitt, Philip P. Duffy

Civil, Environmental and Sustainable Engineering

A new data set enhances the abilities of researchers and decision-makers to assess possible future climates, explore societal impacts, and approach policy responses from a risk-based perspective. The data set, which consists of a library of 112 fine-resolution climate projections, based on 16 climate models and three greenhouse gas emissions scenarios, is now publicly available. Monthly climate projections from 1950 to 2099 were downscaled to a spatial resolution of 1/8° (about 140 square kilometers per grid cell) covering the conterminous United States and portions of Canada and Mexico.

Effects Of Climate Change On Aquatic Invasive Species And Implications For Management And Research (Powerpoint Presentation), Britta Bierwagen, Roxanne Thomas, Kathryn Mengerink, Austin Kane

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Contents:
Five Key Lessons from Report
Climate Change Effects on Aquatic Ecosystems
Climate Change Effects on Aquatic Invasive Species may…
Other stressors may…
Why focus on AIS?
This Report Includes
Report Process
Climate Change & Invasion Pathway
Climate Change & Interacting Stressors
AIS Management Activities
State Managers’ Reported Concerns
Capacity to Adapt to Climate Change
Accounting for Changing Conditions
Information & Research Needs
Research Recommendations
Possible Next Steps
On-going Activities

Flight Physician - November, 2007, Civil Aviation Medical Association

Browse all Civil Aviation Medical Association Newsletters

A sixteen page newsletter of the Civil Aviation Medical Association. The newsletter provided news about civil aviation medicine and information related to the organization.

Propagation And Provenance Of Probabilistic And Interval Uncertainty In Cyberinfrastructure-Related Data Processing And Data Fusion, Paulo Pinheiro Da Silva, Aaron A. Velasco, Martine Ceberio, Christian Servin, Matthew G. Averill, Nicholas Ricky Del Rio, Luc Longpre, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In the past, communications were much slower than computations. As a result, researchers and practitioners collected different data into huge databases located at a single location such as NASA and US Geological Survey. At present, communications are so much faster that it is possible to keep different databases at different locations, and automatically select, transform, and collect relevant data when necessary. The corresponding cyberinfrastructure is actively used in many applications. It drastically enhances scientists' ability to discover, reuse and combine a large number of resources, e.g., data and services.

Because of this importance, it is desirable to be able to …

Statistical Hypothesis Testing Under Interval Uncertainty: An Overview, Vladik Kreinovich, Hung T. Nguyen, Sa-Aat Niwitpong

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

An important part of statistical data analysis is hypothesis testing. For example, we know the probability distribution of the characteristics corresponding to a certain disease, we have the values of the characteristics describing a patient, and we must make a conclusion whether this patient has this disease. Traditional hypothesis testing techniques are based on the assumption that we know the exact values of the characteristic(s) x describing a patient. In practice, the value X comes from measurements and is, thus, only known with uncertainty: X =/= x. In many practical situations, we only know the upper bound D on the …

A Fitness Function To Find Feasible Sequences Of Method Calls For Evolutionary Testing Of Object-Oriented Programs, Myoung Yee Kim, Yoonsik Cheon

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In evolutionary testing of an object-oriented program, the search objective is to find a sequence of method calls that can successfully produce a test object of an interesting state. This is challenging because not all call sequences are feasible; each call of a sequence has to meet the assumption of the called method. The effectiveness of an evolutionary testing thus depends in part on the quality of the so-called fitness function that determines the degree of the fitness of a candidate solution. In this paper, we propose a new fitness function based on assertions such as method preconditions to find …

How To Estimate, Take Into Account, And Improve Travel Time Reliability In Transportation Networks, Ruey L. Cheu, Vladik Kreinovich, Francois Modave, Gang Xiang, Tao Li, Tanja Magoc

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Many urban areas suffer from traffic congestion. Intuitively, it may seem that a road expansion (e.g., the opening of a new road) should always improve the traffic conditions. However, in reality, a new road can actually worsen traffic congestion. It is therefore extremely important that before we start a road expansion project, we first predict the effect of this project on traffic congestion.

Traditional approach to this prediction is based on the assumption that for any time of the day, we know the exact amount of traffic that needs to go from each origin city zone A to every …

Context-Aware Inference System To Capture Design Rationale From Legacy Mcad, Ganeshram Ramji Iyer

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

There exist numerous design rationale systems that convert captured information into structured design rationale while providing rationale representation and retrieval. These systems woefully neglect the design rationale that is present in legacy CAD such as 2D drawings and 3D models. The dissertation addresses the issues that arise when dealing with the capture, representation and retrieval of design rationale from the 2D legacy CAD data, specifically the non-form related data (e.g. text and symbols). A definition for design rationale in the CAD domain is presented which forms the basis of the proposed approach. The approach uses a unique context-aware inference system …

Modeling Noise Coupling Between Package And Pcb Power/Ground Planes With An Efficient 2-D Fdtd/Lumped Element Method, Ting-Kuang Wang, Sin-Ting Chen, Chi-Wei Tsai, Sung-Mao Wu, James L. Drewniak, Tzong-Lin Wu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An efficient numerical approach based on the 2-D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is proposed to model the power/ground plane noise or simultaneously switching noise (SSN), including the interconnect effect between the package and the print circuit board (PCB). The space between the power and ground planes on the package and PCB are meshed with 2-D cells. The equivalent R-L-C circuits of the via and the solder balls connecting the package and PCB can be incorporated into a 2-D Yee cell based on a novel integral formulation in the time domain. An efficient recursive updating algorithm is proposed to fit the …

Midwest Guardrail System For Long-Span Culvert Application, Robert W. Bielenberg, Ronald K. Faller, John R. Rohde, Dean L. Sicking, James C. Holloway, Karla A. Polivka, John D. Reid, Erin M. Allison

Nebraska Department of Transportation: Research Reports

No abstract provided.

2007 Scholars And Artists Bibliography, Michael Schwartz Library, Cleveland State University, Friends Of The Michael Schwartz Library, Joanne E. Goodell Ph.D.

Scholars and Artists Bibliographies

This bibliography was created for the annual Friends of the Michael Schwartz Library Scholars and Artists Reception, recognizing scholarly and creative achievements of Cleveland State University faculty, staff and emeriti. Dr. Joanne Goodell was the guest speaker.

Characterization Of Rf Propagation In Metal Pipes For Passive Rfid Systems, Darmindra Danaraj Arumugam

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

In this paper we collect and extend the theory of radio frequency (RF) propagation as it relates to propagation within metal cylinders, or circular pipes. This work is motivated by a need to understand the operation of UHF radio frequency identification (RFID) systems when the tags are placed within the pipes. These circular pipes are shown to be similar to metal tube waveguides which are either hollow or filled with air. We derive the Bessel function that is used to identify the propagation constants, the different transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes, cut-off frequencies and the multi-mode attenuation. The cut-off …

Simulation Of Phonon Transport Across A Non-Polar Nanowire Junction Using An Atomistic Green's Function Method, W Zhang, N Mingo, Timothy Fisher

Birck and NCN Publications

Phonon transport across a non-polar nanowire situated between two semi-infinite contacts is simulated in this paper using the atomistic Green's function method. Abrupt geometric changes between the nanowire and bulk contacts are handled by self-energy matrices obtained from bare surface Green's functions. Transport properties such as phonon transmission functions and thermal conductances are calculated, and their dependencies on the interatomic potential, length, diameter, shape, and lattice orientation are investigated. The results reveal that the overall thermal conductance of the nanowire-bulk-contact structure increases with nanowire diameter while the normalized thermal conductance approaches an asymptotic value. Thermal conductance decreases significantly with increasing …

Assessment Of The Thermal Improvements Awarded By Horseshoe Vortex Elimination On A Turbine Stator Blade In Computational Fluid Dynamics And Conjugate Heat Transfer, Laurent Lachmann

Master's Theses - Daytona Beach

The present work looks at an advanced turbine stator blade design and evaluates its thermal performance relative to a standard design. A new turbine stator blade is designed to eliminate the horseshoe vortex appearing at the leading edge. The new design is characterized by an extension of the leading edge at the hub and at the tip of about 30% of chord. By comparing this new design to an ordinary one (featuring straight leading edge), the present thesis verifies the horseshoe vortex elimination, and compares the thermal attributes of the fluid. The fluid is three-dimensional, viscous and turbulent. The analysis …

Investigation Of Power System Blackouts And Reliability Improvement For Power Distribution Systems, Hui Zheng

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Modern power systems often consist of thousands of equipments, each of which may have an affect on the security of the system. The trend toward deregulation has forced utilities to operate their systems closer to security boundaries [1]. This has fueled the need of faster and more accurate methods of reliability and security assessment. Power system reliability is defined as the probability that the power system will perform the function of delivering electric power to customers adequately on a continuous basis and with an acceptable quality [2]. Power system security assessment deals with the system’s ability to continue to provide …

Wireless Devices For Medical Applications, Thermpon Ativanichayaphong

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The deployment of medical electronics in healthcare plays a significant role to overcome many problems in disease treatment and diagnosis. For advanced applications, wireless solutions are preferred. The wireless technologies offer a new dimension of therapy or diagnosis, when wires are often bulky, unsafe, uncomfortable or even impossible to be deployed in some circumstances. The wireless communication devices can be categorized into two groups, active and passive, depending on the power sources operating electronics. The active devices draw powers from a battery, while the others harvest powers from external or internal sources. In this work, two medical applications are studied …

Comparison Of Distributed Versus Lumped Hydrologic Simulation Models Using Stationary And Moving Storm Events Applied To Small Synthetic Rectangular Basins And An Actual Watershed Basin, Michael Jay Shultz

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The purpose of this investigation is to compare simulations using several artificial rectangular basins and a real drainage basin for distributed and lumped hydrologic models via results obtained with the U.S. Geological Survey Modular Modeling System (MMS). Impervious watershed conditions were assumed for each simulation. A critical objective of this investigation is to assess the performance of a physically-simple lumped model compared to a more physically-complex distributed model for various storm events. Knowledge gained from this investigation may be applied to the practical problem of determining when either a distributed or lumped model may be expected to function well given …

The Existence Of Multiple Equilibria In The Upfc Power Injection Model, Mahyar Zarghami, Mariesa Crow

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This letter shows the existence of multiple equilibria that arise from the use of the state model of the unified power flow controller (UPFC). These multiple equilibria can arise from a common power injection model for the same terminal conditions of shunt bus voltage and series active and reactive power injections. The multiple equilibria result in two or more sets of eigenvalues, some of which may indicate an unstable operating condition. Therefore, the use of the UPFC power injection model must be used with caution to ensure stable operation of the UPFC.

Comparative Application Of Differential Evolution And Particle Swarm Techniques To Reactive Power And Voltage Control, G. A. Bakare, G. Krost, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, U. O. Aliyu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents the comparative application of two metaheuristic approaches: Differential Evolution (DE) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to the solution of the reactive power and voltage control problem. Efficient distribution of reactive power in an electric network leads to minimization of the system losses and improvement of the system voltage profile. It can be achieved by varying the excitation of generators or the on-load tap changer positions of transformers as well as by switching of discrete portions of inductors or capacitors etc. This constitutes a typical mixed integer non-linear optimization problem for the solution of which metaheuristic techniques have …

Wireless Positioning Techniques: A Developer's Update, Seamus Rooney, Keith Gardiner, James Carswell

Conference papers

This paper describes the current efforts to develop an open source, privacy sensitive, location determination software component for mobile devices. Currently in mobile computing, the ability of a mobile device to determine its own location is becoming increasingly desirable as the usefulness of such a feature enhances many commercial applications. There have been numerous attempts to achieve this from both the network positioning perspective and also from the wireless beacon angle not to mention the integration of GPS into mobile devices. There are two important aspects to consider when using such a system which are privacy and cost. This paper …

An Experimental Investigation Of Real-Time Video Transmission Over Ieee 802.11e Wlan Networks Using Txop, Nicola Cranley, Mark Davis

Conference papers

Real-time multimedia streaming applications require a strict bounded end-to-end delay and are considered to be bursty as each video frame is typically transmitted as a burst of packets. In this paper we show how the distribution of video frame sizes can be used to efficiently dimension the IEEE 802.11e TXOP limit parameter to efficiently deal with this burstiness in order to enhance the transmission of real-time video streaming services. Through experimental investigation, we show that by using the mean video frame size to dimension the TXOP limit parameter, the transmission delay for the video frame is reduced by 67% under …

Thermal Testing Of Building Insulation Materials, Eoghan Frawley, David Kennedy

Articles

This article explores the testing of building insulation materials and the development of a suitable testing apparatus.

A Gray-Code Type Bit Assignment Algorithm For Unitary Space-Time Constellations, Adam Panagos, Kurt Louis Kosbar

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Many techniques for constructing unitary space- time constellations have been proposed. To minimize bit-error rate (BER) in a wireless communication system, constellations constructed using these techniques should be given a Gray- code type bit assignment, where symbols which are close in signal space have bit assignments which have small Hamming distance. To the authors' knowledge, no efficient general strategy for making this bit assignment has been suggested. This work proposes a prioritized distance (PD) algorithm for making this assignment in an optimal manner by minimizing the probability of bit error union bound. The algorithm can be used on constellations constructed …

Predictive Congestion Control Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks, Maciej Jan Zawodniok, Jagannathan Sarangapani

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Available congestion control schemes, for example transport control protocol (TCP), when applied to wireless networks, result in a large number of packet drops, unfair scenarios and low throughputs with a significant amount of wasted energy due to retransmissions. To fully utilize the hop by hop feedback information, this paper presents a novel, decentralized, predictive congestion control (DPCC) for wireless sensor networks (WSN). The DPCC consists of an adaptive flow and adaptive back-off interval selection schemes that work in concert with energy efficient, distributed power control (DPC). The DPCC detects the onset of congestion using queue utilization and the embedded channel …

Effects Of Electromagnetic Interference On Control Area Network Performance, Fei Ren, Y. Rosa Zheng, Maciej Jan Zawodniok, Jagannathan Sarangapani

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, the effects of electromagnetic interference (EMI) on control area network (CAN) communications are investigated by hardware experiments. Distinct CAN bit rates, communication cables, and networks are used to test effects of EMI on CAN bus. Waveforms of CAN data frames in EMI environment are observed and analyzed for figuring out details of effects. Experiments show that the EMI pulses frequently encountered in automobile and off-road machinery can cause the reduction of bit rates and errors in high-speed CAN communications. Replacing traditional unshielded parallel communication cables with shielded communication cables is proved to be an effective method of …

On Internal Cone Cracks Induced By Conical Indentation In Brittle Materials, J. Yan, Anette M. Karlsson, X. Chen

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

The conditions for cone cracks to develop due to a conical indentation are investigated. Axisymmetric numerical simulations, based on the finite element method, are conducted, assuming a linear-elastic, perfectly plastic material. A superposition scheme is employed to simulate a range of crack geometries, including various lengths and orientations. The results indicate that the class of cracks investigated is prone to develop internally in brittle materials. Based on a reversed analysis, a new technique is proposed for measuring the fracture toughness in bulk material and thick coatings through one simple indentation test when the cone crack appears.

The Effect Of Tibiofemoral Loading On Proximal Tibiofibular Joint Motion, Jacob Scott, Ho Lee, Wael Barsoum, Antonie J. Van Den Bogert

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

The human proximal tibiofibular joint (PTFJ) and its relationship to overall knee joint mechanics have been largely unexplored. This study describes force/displacement data from experiments done on four human cadaveric knee specimens and general conclusions obtained with the help of a statistical modeling technique. Specimens were rigidly affixed at the tibia to a force plate and the femur was attached to a custom made device allowing for manual load application. Motion of the fibular head was tracked relative to the tibial plateau by means of reflective markers and a high speed digital camera synchronized with the force plate data stream. …