Engineering Commons^™

Enhancement Of Cellulose Saccharification Kinetics Using An Ionic Liquid, Ananth Dadi, Sasidhar Varanasi, Constance Schall

Bioenergy - I: From Concept to Commercial Processes

No abstract provided.

Automatic Geometric Data Migration Throughout Views Of A Model Fidelity Family, Hans L. Soderquist

Theses and Dissertations

Changes in geometric model parameters are constant throughout the design process. Each group in an organization needs different model information at varying times during the design process. As a result many different models of the same part or assembly arise for the needs and use of each group in each design phase (from conceptual design to full product definition). When one group makes changes to a model, those changes need to be reflected in all of the models which describe the product in all groups and design phases in order for those changes to be verified against all design criteria …

Medium Access Control And Networking Protocols For The Intra-Body Network, Eric Thomas Stucki

Theses and Dissertations

Biomedical applications offer an exciting growth opportunity for wireless sensor networks. However, radio frequency communication is problematic in hospital environments that are susceptible to interference in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands. Also, RF is inherently insecure as eavesdroppers can easily pick up signals. The Intra-Body Network (IBNet) proposes a novel communication model for biomedical sensor networks. It seeks the convenience of wireless communication while avoiding interference and privacy concerns associated with RF. IBNet's solution is to utilize a subject's own body tissue as a transmission medium. Assuming that transmissions are contained within the body, IBNet solves otherwise complex …

Poster Session, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Limestone-Based Material for Arsenic Removal from Drinking Water, Chelsea Campbell and others, Dept of Chemistry, WKU
• Opportunistic Water Education, Amanda Abnee Gumbert, Extension Associate for Environmental and Natural Resources Issues, UK
• Ten-Year Solute Concentration Patterns in Two Streams of Contrasting Land-Use in Western Kentucky and Tennessee, Susan P. Hendricks, Hancock Biological Station, Murray State University
• Pathogen TMDL Development using Load Duration Curves for Two Stream Segments in Rockcastle County, Kentucky, Joseph M. Ferguson, Kentucky DOW
• Beargrass Creek Water Quality Tool and TMDLs, Ward Wilson and others, Tetra Tech
• Pathogen and Sediment Transport in Muddy Creek …

Session 2d: Modeling, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Simplification of Access to Hydrologic Data for Kentucky through an Online, Interactive GIS Tool, K. R. Odom and M. A. Ayers, USGS, Louisville
• The Kentucky Watershed Modeling Information Portal’s User Needs Assessment, Data Matrix and Use Case, K. L. Schaffer, K. R. Odom, and others, FMSM and USGS
• A Comparison of Manually and DEM Delineated Watersheds, Andrew Kellie, Jane Benson, and Mike Kemp, Dept of Industrial and Engineering Technology, Murray State University
• Of Farm Ponds and Sinkholes: Automated Feature Extraction from Kentucky’s NAIP Imagery, Demetrio Zourarakis, Kentucky Division of Geographic Information

Session 2c: Planning, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• US EPA’s New Guidance on Watershed-Based Plans for Restoration and Protection, Barry Tonning, Tetra Tech, Mount Sterling, KY
• Louisville Water Company – Wellhead Protection Plan, Marsha L. Taylor Meyer, Louisville Water Company
• Lessons Learned Reforesting the Bluegrass, H. David Gabbard, LFUCG, Lexington, KY
• Low-Flow Characteristics of Streams in Kentucky, G.R. Martin, D.W. Evans, and K.R. Odom, USGS, Louisville

Session 2b: Sediments, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• The New Contractor EPSC Certification Program Developed by the City of Bowling Green Kentucky: Educating and Involving Contractors in NPDES Phase II Compliance, Jeff Lashlee, City of Bowling Green, Beth Chesson, CEC, Inc., and April Barker, AMEC Earth and Environmental, Nashville, TN
• Kentucky Best Management Practices for Controlling Erosion, Sediment, and Pollutant Runoff from Construction Sites: Planning and Technical Specifications Manual, Richard Walker and Barry Tonning, Tetra Tech, Lexington
• Sediment Monitoring Efforts in the Upper Green River Basin in Support of the Kentucky Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program, S.T. Kenworthy, Dept of Geography and Geology, WKU
• Land-Use Fingerprinting …

Session 2a: Nonpoint Source, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Little River Watershed Delineation and “Misbehaved” Karst Drainage, J.A. Ray and R.J. Blair, Kentucky Division of Water
• Comprehensive Commonwealth Water Education Project, David Howarth, Keith Mountain, and Kristen Dunaway, Dept of Geography and Geosciences, U of L
• Assessment of Water Quality Trends in the Upper Cumberland River Basin: Focus on Pathogen Impairment, Lindell Ormsbee and Ramesh Teegavarapu, KWRRI, UK
• Watershed & Land Use Planning: A BMP Technology Transfer Project (A Case Study of the Dry Run Watershed Basin), Rachel Phillips, Brad Frazier, and Sandy Camargo, Georgetown/Scott County Planning Commission

Session 1d: Monitoring, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• An Examination of Statewide Watershed Watch Project Monitoring Data for 2005 Using GIS, Ken Cooke, Kentucky Division of Water, Frankfort
• Taking Watershed Watch to the Next Level: Grabbing the Attention of Local Elected Officials, Ken Cooke, Kentucky Division of Water, H. David Gabbard, LFUCG, Lexington
• Water Quality Data from Citizen Monitoring in the Licking River Region Kentucky 1998-2005: Trends and Issues, M.F. Hult, Daniel Carter Beard Environmental Center, and B.C. Reeder, Center for Environmental Education, Morehead State University
• Water Quality in the Upper Licking River Basin 2003-2005, Brian Reeder and others, Dept of Biological and Environmental …

Session 1c: Superfund, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• The University of Kentucky Superfund Basic Research Program: Overview and Examples of Research Projects, Bernhard Hennig, Leonidas Bachas, and Lindell Ormsbee, UK
• Reductive Dechlorination of Toxic Organics by Bimetallic Nanoparticles in Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) Functionalized MF Membranes, Jian Xu and Dibakar Bhattacharyya, Dept Chemical and Materials Engineering, UK
• Chlorinated Organic Compounds Destruction by Modified Fenton Reaction Involving Immobilized Iron-Chelate, YongChao Li, Leonidas Bachas, and Dibakar Bhattacharyya, Dept Chemical and Materials Engineering, UK
• An Outreach Program Translates Basic Research for Superfund Communities to Improve Health through Nutrition, Lisa Gaetke and Sandra Bastin, Dept Nutrition and Food Science, …

Session 1b: Groundwater, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• A Brief History and Current State of Groundwater Protection in Kentucky, James Webb, Beverly Oliver, and Peter Goodmann, Kentucky DOW, Groundwater Branch
• Summary of Groundwater Quality Data in the Jackson Purchase Region, Kentucky, E.G. Beck, J.S. Dinger, and P.C. Inkenbrandt, KGS
• Groundwater-Quality Assessment and Shallow Aquifer Model of Calloway County, Kentucky, P.C. Inkenbrandt, E.G. Beck, and J.S. Dinger, KGS
• Suspended Sediment and Pathogen Transport in Two Inner Bluegrass Karst Ground-Water Basins, A.E. Fryar and others, Dept Earth and Environmental Sciences, UK
• Locating and Mapping Domestic Water Wells in Marshall County, Kentucky, Wendy D. Langhi, Western …

Session 1a: Water Quality, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Use of Sunfish and Stoneroller Minnows as Sentinel Monitors of PCB Contamination in Freshwater Streams in Kentucky, D.J. Price and W.J. Birge, Dept of Biology, UK
• Inferring Causes of Biological Impairment in Appalachian Streams: Watershed-Based Problem Formulation and Integration of Multiple Lines of Evidence, Jon Ludwig and others, Tetra Tech
• Relative Importance of Water and Dietary Cadmium: Toxicity to Ceriodaphnia Dubia, Agus Sofyan and W.J. Birge, Dept of Biology, UK
• The Graywater Story at Curtis Pike, Jack Kieffer and others, Appalachia - Science in the Public Interest, Mt. Vernon

Proceedings Of 2006 Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

This symposium was funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, with Clean Water Act, Section 319(h) grant money through the Kentucky Division of Water and the Kentucky Waterways Alliance, #C9994861-00.

Planning for this conference was conducted as part of the state water resources research annual program with the support and collaboration of the Department of Interior, U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Kentucky Research Foundation, under Grant Agreement No. 01HQGR0133.

The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the abstract authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed …

Formal Mitigation Strategies For The Insider Threat: A Security Model And Risk Analysis Framework, Jonathan W. Butts

Theses and Dissertations

The advancement of technology and reliance on information systems have fostered an environment of sharing and trust. The rapid growth and dependence on these systems, however, creates an increased risk associated with the insider threat. The insider threat is one of the most challenging problems facing the security of information systems because the insider already has capabilities within the system. Despite research efforts to prevent and detect insiders, organizations remain susceptible to this threat because of inadequate security policies and a willingness of some individuals to betray their organization. To investigate these issues, a formal security model and risk analysis …

Analysis Of Photoconductive Properties In Ge2Sb2Te5 (Gst) Chalcogenide Films For Applications In Novel Electronics, John R. V. Chezem

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigated the thermal phase-change properties in Ge₂Sb₂Te₅ (GST) chalcogenide-based films and determined the feasibility of coupling the GST with photosensitive DNA material for novel optical device applications. Modeling and testing of GST were researched with the approach that GST would react as a resistive mechanism through thermal manipulation. A test structure was fabricated with a 2-micronmeter MEMS fabrication process. GST material was deposited (by RF sputtering) on the surface of the test structures. The GST was analyzed primarily in the amorphous to crystalline transition states due to more distinct changes in the resistance …

3-D Image Registration Using Fast Fourier Transform, With Potential Applications To Geoinformatics And Bioinformaticsa, Roberto Araiza, Matthew G. Averill, George R. Keller, Scott A. Starks

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

FFT-based techniques are actively used to register 2-D images, i.e., to find the shift, rotation, and scaling necessary to align one image with the other. It is desirable to extend these techniques to the problem of registering 3-D images. Registration of 3-D images is an important problem in areas such as bioinformatics (e.g., in protein docking) and geoinformatics (e.g., in earth modeling).

Computing Variance Under Interval Uncertainty: A New Algorithm And Its Potential Application To Privacy In Statistical Databases, Richard Aló, Mohsen Beheshti, Gang Xiang

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Computation of population mean E=(x1+...+xn)/n and population variance V=(x1^2+...+xn^2)/n -E^2 is an important first step in statistical analysis. In many practical situations, we do not know the exact values of the sample quantities xi, we only know the intervals [Xi-Di, Xi+Di] that contain the actual (unknown) values of xi. Different values of xi from these intervals lead, in general, to different value of population variance. It is therefore desirable to compute the range [V]=[V-,V+] of possible values of V.

This problem of computing population variance under interval uncertainty is, in general, NP-hard. It is known that in some reasonable cases, …

Normalizing The Cpt For Overburden Stress, Robb E.S. Moss, Raymond B. Seed, Richard S. Olsen

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Effective overburden stress can have a significant influence on cone penetration test (CPT) measurements. This influence can lead to an incorrect assessment of soil strength/resistance for such purposes as liquefaction triggering analysis. For an accurate measurement of tip and sleeve resistance, unbiased by overburden stress, it is essential to normalize these index measurements appropriately. Presented herein is a comprehensive study reviewing all aspects of CPT normalization. A result of this study is a variable normalization procedure for the CPT that is based on both empirical results and theoretical analysis. This paper presents these results in the form of an improved …

Atms Implementation System For Identifying Traffic Conditions Leading To Potential Crashes, Mohamed Abdel-Aty, Anurag Pande

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Predicting a crash occurrence is the key to traffic safety. Real-time identification of freeway segments with high crash potential is addressed in this paper. For this study, historical crashes and corresponding traffic-surveillance data from loop detectors were gathered from a 36-mi corridor of Interstate 4 for 4 years. Following an exploratory analysis, two types of logistic-regression models (i.e., simple and multivariate) were developed. It was observed that, although the simple models have the advantage of being tolerant in their data requirements, their classification accuracy was inferior to that of the final multivariate model. Hence, the simple models were used to …

Processing Model For Tungsten Powders And Extention To Nanoscale Size Range, Randall M. German, J. Ma, X. Wang, E. Olevsky

Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Nanoscale tungsten powders promise access to very hard, strong and wear resistant materials via the press–sinter route. A small particle size changes the response during sintering, requiring lower temperatures and shorter times to attain dense but small grain size structures. On the other hand, oxide reduction and impurity evaporation favour high sintering temperatures and long hold times. Accordingly, press–sinter processing encounters conflicting constraints when applied to small particles. Presented here is an analysis of press–sinter tungsten particle processing to isolate conditions that balance the temperature and size dependent effects. The calculations are pinned by existing data. Opportunities are identified for …

Between Microscopic And Mesoscopic Descriptions Of Twin-Twin Interaction, Peter Müllner

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

On a microscopic scale, deformation twinning is carried by the motion of twinning disconnections. A disconnection is an interfacial line defect characterized by a Burgers vector, a line vector, and a step vector. The Burgers vector (dislocation component of the disconnection) carries the deformation while the step vector (ledge component) carries the transformation from one twin variant to the other. On a mesoscopic scale, the deformation produced by twinning is a simple shear. A moving disclination dipole provides a mesoscopic model accounting for the twinning shear. Twin – twin interaction processes including the intersection of twins, the formation of structured …

Using Expert Knowledge In Solving The Seismic Inverse Problem, Matthew G. Averill, Kate Miller, George R. Keller, Vladik Kreinovich, Roberto Araiza, Scott A. Starks

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

For many practical applications, it it important to solve the seismic inverse problem, i.e., to measure seismic travel times and reconstruct velocities at different depths from this data. The existing algorithms for solving the seismic inverse problem often take too long and/or produce un-physical results -- because they do not take into account the knowledge of geophysicist experts. In this paper, we analyze how expert knowledge can be used in solving the seismic inverse problem.

Towards Optimal Use Of Multi-Precision Arithmetic: A Remark, Vladik Kreinovich, Siegfried Rump

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

If standard-precision computations do not lead to the desired accuracy, then it is reasonable to increase precision until we reach this accuracy. What is the optimal way of increasing precision? One possibility is to choose a constant q>1, so that if the precision which requires the time t did not lead to a success, we select the next precision that requires time q*t. It was shown that among such strategies, the optimal (worst-case) overhead is attained when q=2. In this paper, we show that this "time-doubling" strategy is optimal among all possible strategies, not only among the ones in …

Towards Secure Cyberinfrastructure For Sharing Border Information, Ann Q. Gates, Vladik Kreinovich, Luc Longpre, Paulo Pinheiro Da Silva, Randy G. Keller

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many border-related issues ranging from economic collaboration to border security, it is extremely important that bordering countries share information. One reason why such sharing is difficult is that different countries use different information formats and data structures. It is therefore desirable to design infrastructure to facilitate this information sharing.

UTEP is a lead institution in a similar NSF-sponsored multi-million geoinformatics project, whose goal is to combine diverse and complex geophysical and geographical data stored in different formats and data structures. We describe our experience in using and developing related web service techniques, and we explain how this experience can …

Design Optimization Of The First Stage Fan Blade Of A Low Bypass Turbofan Engine, Troy James Ramnath

Master's Theses - Daytona Beach

A procedure for solving for and analyzing the aerodynamics, thermodynamics, and blade geometry across the first stage rotor blade under an extreme set of conditions, while altering several design parameters, has been developed and applied. The conditions for which the analyses have been developed were designed for the use of, but not exclusively limited to the application of, military aircraft at altitude. The approach consists of solving for specific key performance parameters across the first stage rotor and analyzing their trends due to the effect of varying other parameters, such as the axial velocity at the rotor's trailing edge, circumferential …

Acuta Enews March 2006, Vol. 35, No. 3

ACUTA Newsletters

In This lssue

From ACUTA Headquarters............ Jeri A. Semer, CAE, ACUTA Executive Director

Nominate for ACUTA Board of Directors

Tech Talk: Reputation Services Help Wage War on Spam................. Kevin Tanzlllo, Dux PR

Hunt for Unused Lines and Save.................. Mario Garcia, Cal State Dominguez Hills

lnfo Links................ Randy Hayes, Univ. of Northern lowa

ACUTA Audio Seminar: How to Negotiate a Cell-Site Leasing Agreement

Web Tip: Members Helping Members.............. Aaron Fuehrer, ACUTA lnformation Tech. Mgr.

Member Site to See

Board Report............ Riny Ledgerwood, Son Diego State Univ. ACUTA Sec./Treasurer

LambdaRail Completes Backbone

DC Update............... Whitney Johnson, Retired, No, Michigon Univ.

Welcome New …

Non-Unity Active Pfc Methods For Filter Size Optimization, Yongxiang Chen, Jonathan W. Kimball, Philip T. Krein

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Active power factor correction seeks to obtain unity power factor and sinusoidal line currents. Optimized nonsinusoidal line currents reduce filter capacitor requirements with a nonunity target power factor. Implementation methods are presented that permit reduced power factor to be traded off against filter size in a nearly optimum manner. A simple waveform shape can reduce filter component size by about 40% in active PFC converters at the same level of complexity as in conventional PFC designs while yielding power factor as high as 0.9. Two approximate methods to generate appropriate shapes are presented. They offer direct practical implementation of nonunity …

Liquid Phase Mixing In Trayed Bubble Column Reactors, Javier Alvaré, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Compartmentalization of Conventional Bubble Columns by Perforated Trays Constitutes a Very Effective Method to Reduce the Liquid Back mixing. the Effect of Tray Design and Operating Conditions on the overall Liquid Mixing Was Studied in a Bench-Scale Trayed Bubble Column. the Extent of Liquid Back mixing in the Column Was Investigated in Light of Liquid-Phase Tracer Response Experiments. in Average, a Three-Fold Reduction in the Liquid Back mixing Was Achieved in the Trayed Column as Compared to the Column Without the Trays. Moreover, the Tray Open Area and the Superficial Liquid Velocity Were Found to Have the Strongest Effects …

Nanometal Containing Nanocomposites And Photolithographic Polyaniline Nanofibers, Frank D. Blum, Sunil K. Pillalamarri, Lalani K. Werake, J. Greg Story, Massimo F. Bertino, Akira Tokuhiro

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

A report on recent progress from our laboratories on the nanostructures produced from novel synthesis techniques will be discussed. Using high-energy radiation (γ-rays) we have been able to produce conducting polymer nanofibers and nanorods of polyaniline and polypyrrole without the use of a separate template or capping agent. This technique has been extended, with the addition of metal ions, to a "one pot" synthesis, producing conducting nanocomposites. These nanocomposites contain metal nanoparticles which decorate the conducting nanofibers. We have also recently shown that these systems can be photopatterned to produce novel structures. We believe that these systems will be useful …

Modeling Urban Warfare: Joint Semi-Automated Forces In Urban Resolve, Alexander B. Anastasiou

Theses and Dissertations

The United States military is performing operations in urban environments with increasing frequency. Current Department of Defense doctrine is poorly suited to train and equip today's warriors with the tools and experience necessary to fight and win in modern sprawling cities. In order to "close the gap," the U.S. Joint Forces Command's Joint Experimentation Directorate led an effort to run a massively distributed simulation of a synthetic urban environment utilizing human-in-the-loop operators called URBAN RESOLVE. The synthetic environment simulated the city of Jakarta with over 1,000,000 buildings and structures and over 120,000 civilian entities. A Red force retreated into the …