Engineering Commons^™

Estimating Scanning Characteristics From Corners In Bilevel Images, Elisa H. Barney Smith

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Degradations that occur during scanning can cause errors in Optical Character Recognition (OCR). Scans made in bilevel mode (no grey scale) from high contrast source patterns are the input to the estimation processes. Two scanner system parameters are estimated from bilevel scans using models of the scanning process and bilevel source patterns. The scanner's point spread function (PSF) width and the binarization threshold are estimated by using corner features in the scanned images.

These estimation algorithms were tested in simulation and with scanned test patterns. The resulting estimates are close in value to what is expected based on grey-level analysis. …

Method And Apparatus For Adaptive Process Control Of Critical Dimensions During Spin Coating Process, Richard N. Savage, Emir Gurer

Materials Engineering

A spin coating process for controlling the mean thickness of photoresist on the surface of a semiconductor wafer. The wafer surface has a central axis normal to the surface. The process comprises the steps of applying the solution to the wafer surface and spinning the wafer about the central axis at a spindle speed until the solution has dried. The spindle speed is a function of the desired mean thickness of the photoresist, the barometric pressure and the relative humidity. The spindle speed is determined from a statistical model described by the equation: MT=A+BxRH+CxBP+D/SS^1/2 wherein: MT is mean thickness …

Hydrodynamics Of Churn Turbulent Bubble Columns: Gas-Liquid Recirculation And Mechanistic Modeling, Puneet Gupta, Booncheng Ong, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan, Milorad P. Dudukovic, Bernard A. Toseland

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A Phenomenological (Mechanistic) Model Has Been Developed for Describing the Gas and Liquid/slurry Phase Mixing in Churn Turbulent Bubble Columns. the Gas and Liquid Phase Recirculation Rates in the Reactor, Which Are Needed as Inputs to the Mechanistic Reactor Model Are Estimated Via a Sub-Model Which Uses the Two-Fluid Approach in Solving the Navier-Stokes Equations. This Sub-Model Estimates the Effective Bubble Diameter in the Reactor Cross-Section and Provides a Consistent Basis for the Estimation of the Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficients. the Strategy for the Numerical Solution of the Sub-Model Equations is Presented Along with the Simulation Results for a Few …

Evolution Of The Resonance And Incommensurate Spin Fluctuations In Superconducting Yba2⁢Cu3⁢O6+X, Pengcheng Dai, Herbert A. Mook, Rodney Dale Hunt, Fatih Dogan

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Polarized and unpolarized neutron triple-axis spectrometry was used to study the dynamical magnetic susceptibility X″⁡(q,w) as a function of energy (ħ⁢w) and wave vector (q) in a wide temperature range for the bilayer superconductor YBa₂⁢Cu₃⁢O_6+x with oxygen concentrations, x, of 0.45, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.93, and 0.95. The most prominent features in the magnetic spectra include a spin gap in the superconducting state, a pseudo gap in the normal state, the much-discussed resonance, and incommensurate spin fluctuations below the resonance. We establish the doping dependence …

Corrosion And Dissolution Protection Of A Conductive Silver/Polymer Composite, Ravi F. Saraf

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Patents

A conductive composite is described containing silver particles and a polymer which covers each silver particle and wherein a heterocyclic organic compound containing nitrogen such as benzotriazole (BTA) is present to reduce Ag dissolution and ion mobility by forming a water insoluble complex with the Ag ion. The invention overcomes the problem of silver dissolution or corrosion a conductive composite as a result of normal high Ag ion mobility in the presence of moisture and an electric field

System And Process For Producing Biodiesel Fuel With Reduced Viscosity And A Cloud Point Below Thirty-Two (32) Degrees Fahrenheit, Hossein Noureddini

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Patents

Triglycerides are reacted in a liquid phase reaction with a homogeneous basic catalyst and alcohol, such as ethanol or methanol. The reaction yields a spatially separated two phase result with an upper located non-polar phase consisting principally of transesterified triglycerides and a lower located phase consisting principally of crude glycerol and residual transesterified triglycerides. The transesterified triglycerides and/or glycerol phase is/are optionally, each separately passed through strong cationic ion exchanger(s) to remove anions, resulting in neutral product(s). The crude glycerol is then flashed to remove alcohol and is reacted with an etherifying agent, such as isobutylene or isoamylene, in the …

System And Process For Producing Biodiesel Fuel With Reduced Viscosity And A Cloud Point Below Thirty-Two (32) Degrees Fahrenheit , Hossein Noureddini

Papers in Biomaterials

Triglycerides are reacted in a liquid phase reaction with a homogeneous basic catalyst and alcohol, such as ethanol or methanol. The reaction yields a spatially separated two phase result with an upper located non-polar phase consisting principally of transesterified triglycerides and a lower located phase consisting principally of crude glycerol and residual transesterified triglycerides. The transesterified triglycerides and/or glycerol phase is/are optionally, each separately passed through strong cationic ion exchanger(s) to remove anions, resulting in neutral product(s). The crude glycerol is then flashed to remove alcohol and is reacted with an etherifying agent, such as isobutylene or isoamylene, in the …

Jan 2001, Tractor Museum

Lester F. Larsen Tractor Museum: Planning and Development Documents

New Personel Area rearrangement Missouri Valley Wrench Club

The Determination Of Failure Occurring In The Stator Coil Winding Due To The Over-Voltage Using Matlab Software, Ali Reza Alavizadeh

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Science & Technology at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Vocational Education / Technology by Ali Reza Alavizadeh on January 8, 2001.

Spacecraft Program, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Spacecraft Program" from January 8, 2001.

Antarctic 2000: An Expedition To Prepare For Mars Missions, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Antarctic 2000: An Expedition to Prepare for Mars Missions" from January 7, 2001.

Manure Impacts On Interrill Erosion, John E. Gilley, Bahman Eghball, J. M. Blumenthal, David D. Baltensperger

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Presentations and White Papers

This study was conducted to measure runoff and erosion from interrill areas as affected by the long-term application of manure and fertilizer to a Tripp sandy loam soil located near Mitchell, Nebraska. Soil that had been removed from the top 0.1 m of the soil profile was placed in a 1 m² soil pan. Rainfall was then applied to the soil pan during initial and wet simulation events. Total runoff was similar on the manure and no-manure treatments. The long-term application of manure (55 years) at a rate of 27 Mg ha^-1 (wet basis) per year did not …

Electrically Conductive Polymeric Materials And Use Thereof, Ravi F. Saraf

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Patents

The present invention relates to electrically conductive polymer blend compositions comprising a non-conducting polymeric component and an electrically conducting polymeric component and specific applications to which the blend compositions can be put.

Adjustable Magnetic Coupler, Charles M. Burt

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

Efficiency in terms of power consumption is vital and continues to be increasingly important. The use of adjustable speed pumps can reduce energy consumption and improve controllability of pressure or flows. One such technology, the MagnaDrive coupler, has been developed for service in a variety of applications.

Pumped Storage: Simple Changes, Big Savings, Charles M. Burt

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

Several California irrigation districts achieved savings on electrical energy charges by implementing various types of pumped storage systems. Pumped storage uses some type of reservoir to store pumped water at a higher elevation than the original water supply. During times of peak statewide electricity demand, pumping is reduced while water is withdrawn from the reservoir which acts as a buffer.

Evaluation Of Retrievable Drip Tape Irrigation Systems, Charles M. Burt, Jess T. Barreras

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

California growers of lettuce, broccoli, celery, and cauliflower have long been leaders in drip tape applications. Starting in the early 1990s, large acreages of buried, subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) were installed with the intent of leaving the tape in the ground for up to 10 years (Burt and Styles, 1999). Tape burial depths were typically 20 - 25 cm below the soil surface. Although yields and irrigation efficiencies typically increased, there were numerous challenges with SDI. Since the tape was buried, such issues occurred as gopher damage, problems with root intrusion, soil back-siphonage when the system was shut off, damage …

Acuta Enews January 2001, Vol.30, No. 1

ACUTA Newsletters

In This Issue

A Few Words for 2001

Spotlight on Volunteers

DC Update

Board Report

Welcome New Members

Positions Available

Public Perceptions Of The Midwest's Pavements - Phase I - Focus Group Content Analysis - Iowa, University Of Wisconsin - Extension, Wisconsin Survey Research Laboratory

Transportation Research Center: Public Perception of Midwest Pavements

This research is being conducted as part of a larger study of the public’s perceptions of state-maintained rural highway pavements in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa. Later stages of this project will involve interviewing residents of the three states by telephone to gather information about people’s concerns about the pavements in general and specific stretches of highways in particular. Information from this effort is expected to aid the states’ Departments of Transportation refine the standards used to set pavement reconstruction priorities to better meet the needs of residents.

Public Perceptions Of The Midwest's Pavements - Iowa - Executive Summary, Robert J. Griffin, David A. Kuemmel, Richard Robinson, Ronald C. Sonntag, James K. Giese

Transportation Research Center: Public Perception of Midwest Pavements

This report summarizes Iowa results of a five year, Pooled Fund study involving the Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota DOTs designed to 1) assess the public's perceptions of the departments’ pavement improvement strategies and 2) to develop customer-based thresholds of satisfaction with pavements on rural two lane highways in each state as related to the Departments’ physical indices, such as pavement ride and condition. The primary objective was to seek systematic customer input to improve the Departments’ pavement improvement policies by 1) determining how drivers perceive the departments’ pavements in terms of comfort and convenience but also in terms of other …

Public Perceptions Of The Midwest’S Pavements - Minnesota - Phase I (Focus Group), University Of Wisconsin - Extension, Wisconsin Survey Research Laboratory

Transportation Research Center: Public Perception of Midwest Pavements

This research is being conducted as part of a larger study of the public’s perceptions of state-maintained rural highway pavements in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa. Later stages of this project will involve interviewing residents of the three states by telephone to gather information about people’s concerns about the pavements in general and specific stretches of highways in particular. Information from this effort is expected to aid the states’ Departments of Transportation refine the standards used to set pavement reconstruction priorities to better meet the needs of residents.

Public Perceptions Of The Midwest’S Pavements - Wisconsin - Executive Summary, David Kuemmel, Richard Robinson, Robert J. Griffin, Ronald C. Sonntag, James K. Giese

Transportation Research Center: Public Perception of Midwest Pavements

This report summarizes Wisconsin results of a five year, Pooled Fund study involving the Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota DOTs designed to 1) assess the public's perceptions of the departments’ pavement improvement strategies and 2) to develop customer-based thresholds of satisfaction with pavements on rural two lane highways in each state as related to the Departments’ physical indices, such as pavement ride and condition. The primary objective was to seek systematic customer input to improve the Departments’ pavement improvement policies by 1) determining how drivers perceive the departments’ pavements in terms of comfort and convenience but also in terms of other …

Public Perceptions Of The Midwest’S Pavements - Wisconsin - Phase I (Winter Ride), Marquette University,Department Of Civil, Construction, And Environmental Engineering

Transportation Research Center: Public Perception of Midwest Pavements

The Wisconsin Winter Ride Survey was designed to determine the extent to which drivers were tolerant of the rougher ride of pavements on rural two-lane highways in the winter. Survey objectives, as such, were centered around this primary question of winter ride tolerance. A telephone survey was conducted by the Wisconsin Survey Research Laboratory (WSRL), which added questions to its quarterly Wisconsin Opinion Poll for the data collection period of January 15 to March 15, 1997. A similar survey focusing only on the topic of winter driving on rural highways was conducted in Minnesota during the same period. Random digit …

Public Perceptions Of The Midwest’S Pavements - Minnesota - Phase Iii (Targeted Survey Report), University Of Wisconsin - Extension, Wisconsin Survey Research Laboratory

Transportation Research Center: Public Perception of Midwest Pavements

This research is being conducted as part of a larger study of the public’s perceptions of state-maintained rural highway pavements in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa. Later stages of this project will involve interviewing residents of the three states by telephone to gather information about people’s concerns about the pavements in general and specific stretches of highways in particular. Information from this effort is expected to aid the states’ Departments of Transportation refine the standards used to set pavement reconstruction priorities to better meet the needs of residents.

Public Perceptions Of The Midwest’S Pavements - Wisconsin - Phase I (Focus Group), University Of Wisconsin - Extension, Wisconsin Survey Research Laboratory

Transportation Research Center: Public Perception of Midwest Pavements

This research is being conducted as part of a larger study of the public's perceptions of state-maintained rural highway pavements in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa. Later stages of this project will involve interview;ing residents of the three states by telephone to gather information about people's concerns about the pavements in general and specific stretches of highways in particular. Information from this effort is expected to aid the states' Departments of Transportation refine the standards used to set pavement reconstruction priorities to better meet the needs of residents.

Development Of Comprehensive Subgrade Deflection Acceptance Criteria - Phase 3 Report, James Crovetti, Jay Schabelski

Transportation Research Center: Subgrade Deflection Studies

This report has presented the findings of Phase III of research conducted to aid in the development of subgrade deflection acceptance criteria for WisDOT. The reconfigured rolling wheel deflectomter (RWD), portable truck-mounted deflection measurement systems, and automated dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) were utilized on subgrade construction projects throughout the 2000 construction season. Laboratory analysis of soil properties, including Proctor, CBR and unconfined compression tests, were also conducted.

The research findings have validated the concept of using deflection testing results to identify areas of poor in-place stability within constructed subgrades. It is recommended that pilot implementations of deflection acceptance testing be …

2001 Wisdot Specifications - Marquette Staff Introduction, Marquette University, Transportation Research Center

Transportation Research Center: Noise & Texture Studies

No abstract provided.

2001 Wisdot Specifications - Texture Of Pcc Pavements, Marquette University, Transportation Research Center

Transportation Research Center: Noise & Texture Studies

No abstract provided.

Systematic Measurement Of Alxga1−Xn Refractive Indices, Ü. Özgür, Grady Webb-Wood, Henry O. Everitt, Feng Yun, Hadis Morkoç

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Dispersion of the ordinary and extraordinary indices of refraction have been measured systematically for wurtzitic AlxGa1−xNepitaxial layers with 0.0⩽x⩽1.0 throughout the visible wavelength region. The dispersion, measured by a prism coupling waveguide technique, is found to be well described by a Sellmeier relation. Discrepancies among previous measurements of refractive indexdispersion, as a consequence of different growth conditions and corresponding band gap bowing parameter, are reconciled when the Sellmeier relation is parameterized not by x but by band gapenergy.

Photoluminescence Of Gan Grown By Molecular-Beam Epitaxy On A Freestanding Gan Template, Michael A. Reshchikov, D. Huang, F. Yun, L. He, Hadis Morkoç, D. C. Reynolds, S. S. Park, K. Y. Lee

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Photoluminescence(PL) studies were performed on a 1.5-μm-thick GaN layer grown by molecular-beam epitaxy on a freestanding GaN template that in turn was grown by hydride vapor-phase epitaxy.PL spectra from both the epilayer and the substrate contain a plethora of sharp peaks related to excitonic transitions. We identified the main peaks in the PL spectrum. Taking advantage of the observation of donor bound exciton peaks and their associated two-electron satellites, we have determined the binding energies of two distinct shallow donors (28.8 and 32.6 meV), which are attributed to Si and O, respectively.

Dependence Of Gan Polarity On The Parameters Of The Buffer Layer Grown By Molecular Beam Epitaxy, D. Huang, P. Visconti, K. M. Jones, Michael A. Reshchikov, F. Yun, A. A. Baski, T. King, Hadis Morkoç

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

The polarity of GaNfilmsgrown using GaN and AlNbuffer layers on sapphire substrates by molecular beam epitaxy were investigated by atomic force microscopy, hot wet chemical etching, and reflection high-energy electron diffraction. We found that the GaNfilmsgrown on high temperature AlN (>890 °C) and GaN (770–900 °C) buffer layers invariably show Ga and N polarity, respectively. However, the filmsgrown using low temperature (∼500 °C) buffer layers, either GaN or AlN, could have either Ga or N polarity, depending on the growth rate of the buffer layer.