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2001

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Articles 1021 - 1050 of 1795

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Relevance Of Some Damage Factors To Structures Damage In The 1995 Kobe Earthquake, Tamotsu Matsui, Muneki Mitamura, Toshihiko Sakagami, Fumio Shimizu, Teruyuki Hamada, Yasuo Tanaka, Seiji Suwa, Hiroshi Tsurukawa, Akira Takeishi Mar 2001

Relevance Of Some Damage Factors To Structures Damage In The 1995 Kobe Earthquake, Tamotsu Matsui, Muneki Mitamura, Toshihiko Sakagami, Fumio Shimizu, Teruyuki Hamada, Yasuo Tanaka, Seiji Suwa, Hiroshi Tsurukawa, Akira Takeishi

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The 1995 Kobe Earthquake (Hyogoken-nanbu Earthquake) caused a severe damage to various kinds of structures. As damage factors of these structures, the characteristics of seismic motion, distance from the earthquake source fault, ground conditions, liquefaction, and strength of structures can be considered. In this paper, paying attention to the distance from the earthquake source fault and ground conditions among them, the relevance to structures damage in wooden houses (on-ground structure) and water supply pipelines (under-ground structure) in Nishinomiya-City area was examined. As the results, the relationship between wooden houses damage and the distance from the fault can be approximately represented …

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Seismic Active Earth Pressure Considering Effect Of Strain Localization, Jian-Min Zhang, Deji Li Mar 2001

Seismic Active Earth Pressure Considering Effect Of Strain Localization, Jian-Min Zhang, Deji Li

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A new method, which is based on pseudo-static and limit-equilibrium analysis, was proposed for evaluating seismic (static plus dynamic) active earth pressures induced by backfill soils behind movable rigid retaining walls. It has the advantage over the Mononobe-Okabe method since it can take into account the effects of strain localization and post-peak reduction in the shear resistance that occur in the denser backfill soil during a strong earthquake.

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A Case History On Soil And Topographic Effects In The 7th September 1999 Athens Earthquake, P. V. Kallou, G. Gazetas, P. N. Psarropoulos Mar 2001

A Case History On Soil And Topographic Effects In The 7th September 1999 Athens Earthquake, P. V. Kallou, G. Gazetas, P. N. Psarropoulos

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Large concentration of heavy damage to residential and industrial buildings occurred in the small community of Adámes, near the banks of the Kifisos river canyon, during the 7-September- 1999 Earthquake. To explore whether the particular topographic relief and/or the actual soil profile have contributed to the observed concentration and non-uniform distribution of damage within a 300 m zone from the edge of the canyon cliff, wave propagation analyses are conducted in one and two dimensions. Soil layering and stiffnesses are determined from 10 SPT-boreholes and 4 crosshole tests. Ricker wavelets and six realistic accelerograms are used as excitation. The results …

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Seismic Response Of Submerged Cohesionless Slopes, Giovanni Biondi, Ernesto Cascone, Michele Maugeri Mar 2001

Seismic Response Of Submerged Cohesionless Slopes, Giovanni Biondi, Ernesto Cascone, Michele Maugeri

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Seismic slope stability analysis is a topic of great interest in geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering particularly in seismic area in fact the occurrence of earthquake induced landslides is documented in many recent post-earthquake damage report (Japan 1993- 199 Greece 1995, Turkey 1999). Generally saturated slopes of loose sand or silty-sand and earth dams and embankment resting on low cohesionless soil deposit are highly susceptible to liquefaction-induced damage and during strong earthquake several landslides caused soil liquefaction may occur. In this paper a numerical model to evaluate seismic response of submerged cohesionless slopes is described. Slope stability conditions are evaluated taking …

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General Report — Session 6: Soil-Structure Interaction Under Dynamic Loading For Both Shallow And Deep Foundations, M. K. Yegian, C. Y. Chang, Chris L. Mullen, George Mylonakis Mar 2001

General Report — Session 6: Soil-Structure Interaction Under Dynamic Loading For Both Shallow And Deep Foundations, M. K. Yegian, C. Y. Chang, Chris L. Mullen, George Mylonakis

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Some Geotechnical Aspects Of 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan Earthquake, T. S. Ueng, M. L. Lin, M. H. Chen Mar 2001

Some Geotechnical Aspects Of 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan Earthquake, T. S. Ueng, M. L. Lin, M. H. Chen

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake with a magnitude of 7.3 occurred on September 21, 1999. It was the largest and most damaging earthquake in Taiwan in a century. It induced extensive geotechnical hazards including landslides, soil liquefaction, foundation failures, and ground movements in central Taiwan, and caused substantial damages to buildings, roadways, bridges, and waterfront structures. Field investigations and studies in geotechnical aspects, including landslides, soil liquefaction, foundations, retaining structures, dams and tunnels, in the affected areas were performed. The results of field explorations and laboratory tests for the study of soil liquefaction and evaluation of the secondary hazard of debris …

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Short Course On Soil Dynamics In Engineering Practice/Speakers, Shamsher Prakash Mar 2001

Short Course On Soil Dynamics In Engineering Practice/Speakers, Shamsher Prakash

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Influence Of Post-Strong Seismic Shaking On The Residual Strength Of Saturated Sand, Jorge F. Meneses-Loja Mar 2001

Influence Of Post-Strong Seismic Shaking On The Residual Strength Of Saturated Sand, Jorge F. Meneses-Loja

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Several actual earthquake records recently obtained are analyzed and the post-strong seismic shaking is characterized using parameters such as number of cycles and average shear stress. These parameters are integrated with laboratory test results from the Japanese standard Toyoura sand, and applied to an ideal sandy soil profile to estimate the reduction of residual strength. Different levels of strength reduction are obtained depending on the characteristics of the post-strong seismic motion and sand relative density. Steady-state concepts are shown to overestimate the residual strength of saturated sands and provide dangerous evaluation of post-seismic stability analysis.

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Meet Our Authors, Multiple Authors Mar 2001

Meet Our Authors, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Photographic Ensemble - Prakash Award, Multiple Participants Mar 2001

Photographic Ensemble - Prakash Award, Multiple Participants

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Natural Frequency Of Vibrating Foundations On Layered Soil System-An Experimental Investigation, D. K. Baidya, G. Muralikrishna Mar 2001

Natural Frequency Of Vibrating Foundations On Layered Soil System-An Experimental Investigation, D. K. Baidya, G. Muralikrishna

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper presents model block vibration tests results on two and three layered soil system underlain by rigid layer. Using sand and sawdust in different positions (either at top or at middle or at bottom) and thickness (es) inside a tank, different layered soil bed are prepared and vibration tests are conducted on each prepared bed using Lazan Type oscillator. A large number of response curves (frequency vs. amplitude) are obtained on different layered system. Maximum amplitudes (resonant amplitude) and corresponding frequencies (resonant frequency) are tabulated to study the effect of layering on resonant frequencies. Effects of position and thickness …

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Influence Of Soil Properties In Ground Seismic Response And The Definition Of Site Coeffients For Design Provisions, Gloria Estrada Mar 2001

Influence Of Soil Properties In Ground Seismic Response And The Definition Of Site Coeffients For Design Provisions, Gloria Estrada

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Recent earthquakes have showed the important influence of local site conditions on the characteristics of ground surface motions in the city of Medellin (Colombia). The network of accelerographs installed in this city confirmed this hypothesis, providing information about seismic response of different types of soil profiles, and showed the important role of the impedance ratio rock-soil, due to the high bedrock stiffness. The values and trends of Medellin site coefficients, defined in Provisions of Medellin Seismic Microzonation, are described and compared to those of the 1994 NEHRP, and of the 1997 Uniform Building Code Provisions, These comparisons took into account …

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Evaluation Of Site Response Using Downhole Array Data From A Liquefied Site, Zhi-Liang Wang, C.-Y. Chang, Chin Man Mok Mar 2001

Evaluation Of Site Response Using Downhole Array Data From A Liquefied Site, Zhi-Liang Wang, C.-Y. Chang, Chin Man Mok

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Downhole array ground motions recorded at Port Island during the mainshock and aftershocks of the Hyogoken-Nanbu (Kobe) earthquake of January 17, 1995, were used in this study for evaluating the reasonableness of commonly used site response analysis techniques (both nonlinear effective stress and equivalent linear total stress techniques). The nonlinear effective stress analyses were performed using the computer code SUMDES; the equivalent linear total stress analyses were performed using the computer code SHAKE. Dynamic soil properties as well as other data for characterizing nonlinear stress-strain, cyclic strength, and pore pressure generation and dissipation of the Masado till that liquefied during …

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A Numerical Study Of Lateral Spreading Behind A Caisson Type Quay Wall, Zhaohui Yang, Ahmed Elgamal, Tarek Abdoun, Chung-Jung Lee Mar 2001

A Numerical Study Of Lateral Spreading Behind A Caisson Type Quay Wall, Zhaohui Yang, Ahmed Elgamal, Tarek Abdoun, Chung-Jung Lee

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A series of centrifuge model tests were conducted at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute to study the seismic response of a caisson-type waterfront quay wall system, and the liquefaction and deformation characteristics of the saturated cohesionless backfill. Using a nonlinear two-phase (solid-fluid) finite element program, a numerical study of the above centrifuge tests is performed. In this paper, the centrifuge tests and formulation of the employed finite element program are briefly described, and the numerical simulation results are compared to the experimental records. It is shown that the extent of liquefaction, the deformation pattern of the soil-wall system, and the magnitude of …

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Seismic Analysis Of Bridge Abutments: A Numerical Simulation Of A Field Load Test, Liping Yan, Geoffrey R. Martin Mar 2001

Seismic Analysis Of Bridge Abutments: A Numerical Simulation Of A Field Load Test, Liping Yan, Geoffrey R. Martin

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Approximate modeling of bridge abutment stiffness and capacity plays an important role in seismic analysis of bridge structures. To evaluate the characteristics of passive resistance and stiffness of bridge abutment, an experimental study was conducted at the University of California, Davis (UCD). In this study, one of the tests was a displacement controlled longitudinal cyclic loading test of a half-scale abutment (West Abutment), where the embankment was constructed from a soil known as “Yolo Loam” (a low plasticity clayey silt). The structural backfill consisted of a well graded silty sand. A thin drainage layer of pea gravel was placed between …

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Reproduction Of Array Observation Records By Means Of Centrifuge Shaking Table Model, Akira Yamaguchi, Motoki Kazama, Hrofumi Toyota, Masaki Kitazume, Takahiro Sugano Mar 2001

Reproduction Of Array Observation Records By Means Of Centrifuge Shaking Table Model, Akira Yamaguchi, Motoki Kazama, Hrofumi Toyota, Masaki Kitazume, Takahiro Sugano

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper shows the effects of the degree of consolidation of the soft clay layer on the strong motion response. Seismic behavior of the Kobe artificial islands during the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nambu earthquake is studied by using centrifuge shaking table test. At the earthquake, it is known that the liquefaction damage of artificial island was different from each other. Authors consider the reason why is due to the degree of consolidation of clay layer underlying the reclaimed ground. The model grounds used for the centrifuge test are made by the clay and fill material sampled from Kobe artificial island, and …

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Effects Of Soil Fabric On Undrained Behavior Of Sands, S. Yimsiri, K. Soga Mar 2001

Effects Of Soil Fabric On Undrained Behavior Of Sands, S. Yimsiri, K. Soga

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The undrained behavior of sands in monotonic triaxial compression and extension tests was simulated using the Distinct Element Method (DEM). Soil specimens were prepared at different initial soil fabrics but at similar void ratios and the effects of soil fabric on the undrained behavior were investigated. The DEM results show that soil fabric and its change have profound effects on the undrained response of sands. They also provide some insights for the interpretation of the published experimental data that show the effects of specimen reconstitution methods and of preshearing on the undrained behavior of sands.

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A Few Considerations About The Property Of Ground Vibration Generated By Pile Driving And Its Isolation Methods, Yukihiko Kani, Kiyoshi Hayakawa, Noriyuki Matsubara Mar 2001

A Few Considerations About The Property Of Ground Vibration Generated By Pile Driving And Its Isolation Methods, Yukihiko Kani, Kiyoshi Hayakawa, Noriyuki Matsubara

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper presents the results of two field studies conducted on pile driving ground vibration at Toyota Junction on the Second Tomei High-Speed Motorway in Aich prefecture and at a thermal power plant in Chiba prefecture, both of which were under construction. Fathemore, these were compared of a number of different barriers, including open trenches, concrete walls, EPS walls and sheet-pile walls, to isolate ground vibration.

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Mathematical Modelling And Experimental Dynamic Investigation Of An Elevated Foundation Supporting Vibration Machinery, Ion Vlad Mar 2001

Mathematical Modelling And Experimental Dynamic Investigation Of An Elevated Foundation Supporting Vibration Machinery, Ion Vlad

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In the last two decades rapid advances in the techniques for the design of engineering structures have been made. With this much progress it is surprising that mathematical modelling and experimental dynamic investigations of elevated foundations supporting vibration machinery has hardly progressed. The main factors contributing to this situation are the tendency for equipment manufacturers to rely on past successful practices, the lack of interest in academic circles for this type of engineering structures and the lack of funds for major studies. Romania, alongside of other countries prefered to consider the worldwide experience in this field instead of developing its …

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New Observations And Methods For Modeling Nonlinear Site Response, Ralph J. Archuleta, Daniel Lavallée, Luis Fabián Bonilla Mar 2001

New Observations And Methods For Modeling Nonlinear Site Response, Ralph J. Archuleta, Daniel Lavallée, Luis Fabián Bonilla

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Refuge accelerogram, 1987 Superstition Hills, CA; and the Kushiro Port station, 1993 Kushiro-Oki, Japan, among others. To understand the nature of these nonlinear effects, we have developed a model of nonlinear soil dynamics that includes nonlinear effects such as anelasticity, hysteretic behavior and cyclic degradation due to pore water pressure. The hysteresis behavior is given by the Generalized Masing rules. This new formulation has a functional representation and it includes the Cundall-Pyke hypothesis and Masing original formulation as special cases. It also provides a mean to quantify anelastic damping as a function of the stress-strain loop. Using the in situ …

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Table Of Contents, Multiple Authors Mar 2001

Table Of Contents, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Keynote Lecture: Recent Studies On Liquefaction Resistance Of Sand-Effect Of Saturation, K. Ishihara, H. Tsuchiya, Y. Huang, K. Kamada Mar 2001

Keynote Lecture: Recent Studies On Liquefaction Resistance Of Sand-Effect Of Saturation, K. Ishihara, H. Tsuchiya, Y. Huang, K. Kamada

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The problem of sandy soils as to how they behave when they contain air or gas has been recently addressed in relation to evaluation of cyclic resistance during earthquakes. In order to shed some light on this issue, some laboratory tests were conducted on sand samples prepared in the triaxial test apparatus. The outcome of the tests disclosed that the degree of imperfect saturation can be quantified by way of the propagation velocity Vp of compressional wave or P-wave and that the cyclic resistance exhibits significant increase if the velocity Vp drops below 700 m/sec, a value smaller than the …

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Past Proceedings: Fourth International Conference On Recent Advances In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering And Soil Dynamics, San Diego (2001), Multiple Authors Mar 2001

Past Proceedings: Fourth International Conference On Recent Advances In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering And Soil Dynamics, San Diego (2001), Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Hybrid Evolutionary Computing Model For Mobile Agents Of Wireless Internet Multimedia, William S. Hortos Mar 2001

Hybrid Evolutionary Computing Model For Mobile Agents Of Wireless Internet Multimedia, William S. Hortos

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

The ecosystem is used as an evolutionary paradigm of natural laws for the distributed information retrieval via mobile agents to allow the computational load to be added to server nodes of wireless networks, while reducing the traffic on communication links. Based on the Food Web model, a set of computational rules of natural balance form the outer stage to control the evolution of mobile agents providing multimedia services with a wireless Internet protocol (WIP). The evolutionary model shows how mobile agents should behave with the WIP, in particular, how mobile agents can cooperate, compete and learn from each other, based …

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Reduced-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Fabricated By Screen Printing, Changrong Xia, Fanglin Chen, Meilin Liu Mar 2001

Reduced-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Fabricated By Screen Printing, Changrong Xia, Fanglin Chen, Meilin Liu

Faculty Publications

Electrolyte films of samaria-doped ceria (SDC, Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9) are fabricated onto porous NiO-SDC substrates by a screen printing technique. A cathode layer, consisting of Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3 and 10 wt % SDC, is subsequently screen printed on the electrolyte to form a single cell, which is tested at temperatures from 400 to 600°C. When humidified (3% H2O) hydrogen or methane is used  as fuel and stationary air as oxidant, the maximum power densities are 188 (or 78) and 397 (or 304) mW/cm2 at 500 and 600°C, respectively. Impedance analysis …

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Statistical Characterization Of Macroscale Multiphase Flow Textures In Trickle Beds, Y. Jiang, M. (Muthanna) H. Al-Dahhan, M. P. Duduković Mar 2001

Statistical Characterization Of Macroscale Multiphase Flow Textures In Trickle Beds, Y. Jiang, M. (Muthanna) H. Al-Dahhan, M. P. Duduković

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Experimental Studies (Lutran Et Al., Ind. Engng Chem. Res. 30 (1991) 1270; Ravindra Et Al., Ind. Engng Chem. Res. 36 (1997) 5133) and Numerical Simulation (Jiang Et Al., Chem. Engng Sci. 54 (1999) 2409-2419) Lead to the Conclusion that Fluid Flow Distribution in Trickle Beds is a Function of Bed Structure (I.e. Porosity Distribution), Particle External Wetting and Inlet Superficial Velocities of the Two Fluids. in This Study, Quantitative Relationships among the above Parameters Are Developed in a Statistical Manner through a Series of Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations. the Contribution of Capillary Forces to Liquid Maldistribution is Significant in the …

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Transient Response Of Passive Matrix Polymer Led Displays, David Braun, K. Erickson, G. Yu Mar 2001

Transient Response Of Passive Matrix Polymer Led Displays, David Braun, K. Erickson, G. Yu

Electrical Engineering

Video displays based on polymer and organic displays require high resolution and high data rates. However, the transient response of passive matrix displays based on polymer and organic light-emitting diodes limits display resolution, image uniformity, and image contrast. We use circuit simulation in order to quantify these consequences. This work analyzes how the transient response depends on display resolution, display geometry, pixel position, and row and column electrode design. We conclude that advanced display designs can achieve uniform images at high resolution and contrast.

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Method To Optimize Polymer Film Spin Coating For Polymer Led Displays, M. Cecchi, H. Smith, David Braun Mar 2001

Method To Optimize Polymer Film Spin Coating For Polymer Led Displays, M. Cecchi, H. Smith, David Braun

Electrical Engineering

Research and development of displays and image sensors based on semiconducting polymers require design of new polymer materials and evaluation of film properties. Application of statistical methods can expedite process development. Optimizing device performance entails determining the effect of several process parameters, necessitates numerous samples, and may consume more scarce new material than desired. Uniform film thickness, with no voids, pinholes, inhomogeneities, or particulate contamination across the substrate can improve display efficiency and uniformity. After performing and analyzing a two-cubed full-factorial experiment with three replicated center points, this paper concludes that spin velocity and polymer concentration have statistically significant effects …

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Lead Free Conductive Composites For Electrical Interconnections, Ravi F. Saraf Mar 2001

Lead Free Conductive Composites For Electrical Interconnections, Ravi F. Saraf

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Patents

An electrically conductive paste which includes a thermoplastic polymer, a conductive metal powder and an organic solvent system is disclosed. The invention further encompasses an electrically conductive composite which includes the aforementioned thermoplastic and metal, wherein the metal represents at least about 30% by volume, based on the total volume of the composite. The composite is formed from the paste under elevated temperature. The paste is employed in processes which involve electrically connecting electrical and electronic components under process conditions which convert the paste to the composite.

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Adaptive And Reconfigurable Flight Control, Yih Shiun Huang Mar 2001

Adaptive And Reconfigurable Flight Control, Yih Shiun Huang

Theses and Dissertations

An indirect adaptive and reconfigurable flight control system is developed. The three-module controller consists of: (1) a system identification module, (2) a parameter estimate smoother, and (3) a proportional and integral compensator for tracking control. Specifically: (1) The identification of a linear discrete-time control system's open-loop gain is addressed. The classical Kalman filter theory for linear control systems is extended and the control system's state and loop gain are jointly estimated on-line. Explicit formulae for the loop gain's estimate and estimation error covariance are derived. The estimate is unbiased and the predicted covariance is reliable. (2) An adaptive smoother is …

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