Engineering Commons^™

Kitchen Table Meetings: Applying The Golden Rule To Property Owner Outreach, David N. Goffinet, David Pluckebaum

Purdue Road School

Property impacts are unavoidable with most road construction. Rather than the owner’s first experience being a drilling rig pull up in their drive-way, the kitchen table meeting process takes a proactive approach to sitting down in the “safety and comfort” of their home, upfront to discuss the type and timing of activities that will occur during design, property acquisition and construction— reducing the “unknown” in this multi-year process that happens too fast for some and too slowly for others. Learn how this approach has not only resulted in increased project acceptance and perception, but also in valuable knowledge that can …

Poster Session, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

1. Grading a Watershed? Patrick Creager, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY
2. Permeability Heterogeneity and Its Effects on Hyporheic Zone Exchange, Timothy Pryshlak and Audrey Sawyer, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
3. Effects of Atrazine on the Chemical Alarm Cue Response in Longear Sunfish (Lepomis megalottis), Ben M. Adams and Ben F. Brammell, Natural Sciences Department, Asbury University, Wilmore, KY
4. New Features Available on the Kentucky Groundwater Data Repository, Bart Davidson and others, Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
5. Removal of Persistent Organic Pollutants from Contaminated Water Sources Utilizing Polyphenol- Functionalized Magnetic …

Session 2c, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Results of the Statewide Groundwater Pathogen Study, Susan L. Mallette, Kentucky Division of Water, Frankfort, KY
• Changes in Nutrients and E. coli During Two Storm Events in Hinkston Creek, KY, Tiffany Hunter and Brian Reeder, Institute for Regional Analysis and Public Policy, Morehead State University, Morehead, KY
• Engaging Partners in the Cane Run Watershed, Carol Hanley and others, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
• The University of Kentucky Environmental Research and Training Lab is Available for Your Use, Tricia Coakley, Environmental Research Training Lab, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY

Session 2b, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Watershed-Scale Stable Isotope Simulation of the Fluvial Organic Carbon Budget Using the ISOFLOC Model, William Ford and Jimmy Fox, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
• Time Average Velocity Characteristics of Decelerating Open Channel Flows, Robert Stewart and Jimmy Fox, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
• Spatiotemporal Relevance of Soil Moisture's Interaction with Measured Soil-Terrain Parameters, Carla Landrum and others, Lexington, KY
• Transport of Agricultural Contaminants through a Karst Soil, Carl Bolster and others, Food Animal Environmental Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Bowling Green, KY

Session 2a: Panel Discussion: Developing Post-Incident Risk Communication Guidelines For Intentional Water Contamination Events, Chike Anyaegbunam, Charles B. Madinger, Pamela Cupp, Shari R. Veil, Timothy L. Sellnow, Anna Goodman Hoover

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

This panel will discuss emerging findings from a US EPA-funded research project intended to improve risk communication for post-incident decontamination and clearance activities associated with intentional contamination of a water system. The session will center around Phase II of the study, which focuses on extending the Phase I case study findings that were presented at last year’s KWRRI Symposium, to identify ways in which disparate stakeholder groups in metropolitan areas differentially perceive risk and subsequent risk communication efforts.

Session 1c, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Curry's Fork Watershed Plan: Data Pondering, Engaging Expert Advice, Cleaner Water Plans, Carolyn Cromer and others, Oldham County Fiscal Court, LaGrange, KY
• Overall Stream Function, Hydraulically and Ecologically (Opportunity Meets Necessity), Wanda Lawson and Oakes Routt, Stantec Consulting Services Inc., Louisville, KY
• Improving Urban Stream Water Quality through Stream Restoration at Montessori Middle School of Kentucky (MMSK), Pre-Restoration Water Quality and Bank Erosion Monitoring, Eric Dawalt and Arthur Parola, EcoGro/Ridgewater and the Stream Institute at the University of Louisville
• Improving Urban Stream Water Quality through Stream Restoration at Montessori Middle School of Kentucky (MMSK), Design and Construction …

Session 1b, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Improving Karst Sinkhole Mapping in Kentucky Using LiDAR, Junfeng Zhu and others, Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
• "Dividing Ridges" in Light of LiDAR: A Closer Look at Some of Kentucky's Watershed Boundaries, Demetrio Zourarakis, Kentucky Division of Geographic Information, Frankfort, KY
• Horse Park Karst Water Instrumentation System (KWIS) Monitoring Station, Jim Currens and others, Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky, KY
• Formation Water Chemistry of Cambrian-Ordovician Knox Group Strata, KGS-Hansen Aggregates No. 1 Well, Carter County, Kentucky, T. M. Parris and others, Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY

Session 1a, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Water Quality Studies in the Kentucky Coalfields: The Trend Station Program, Richard J. Wahrer, Kentucky Department for Natural Resources, Frankfort, KY
• Water Quality Studies in the Kentucky Coalfields: A Closer Look at Pigeonroost Fork, Martin County, KY, Richard J. Wahrer, Kentucky Department for Natural Resources, Frankfort, KY
• Water Quality Monitoring of the McConnell Springs Stormwater Quality Wetland Pond and Gainesway Pond Retrofit Project, 2010-2013, David Price and Susan Pluegar, Lexington-Fayette County Government, Division of Water Quality, Lexington, KY
• Water Quality Monitoring of McConnell Springs, Lexington, KY, David Price, Lexington-Fayette County Government, Division of Water Quality, Lexington, …

Plenary Session, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Using Microbial-Source Tracking to Investigate Sources of Fecal Contamination in the South Fork Little River Basin, Hopkinsville, Kentucky, Angie Crain and Mac Cherry, USGS Kentucky Water Science Center, Louisville, KY
• Application of Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotopes in Tracing Nitrate Sources in the South Fork Little River Basin, Hopkinsville, Kentucky, Angie Crain and Mac Cherry, USGS Kentucky Water Science Center, Louisville, KY
• Kentucky StreamStats Water-Resources Web Application: Enhancements and Implementation of Selected Low- and Mean-Flow Estimating Equations, Gary Martin, USGS Kentucky Water Science Center, Louisville, KY
• Kentucky Division of Water's Risk Communication Toolbox, Annemarie Cason and Kristen …

Proceedings Of 2014 Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

This symposium was planned and conducted as a part of the state water resources research institute annual program that is supported by Grant/Cooperative Agreement Number G11AP20081 from the United States Geological Survey. The contents of this proceedings document and the views and conclusions presented at the symposium are solely the responsibility of the individual authors and presenters and do not necessarily represent the official views of the USGS or of the symposium organizers and sponsors. This publication is produced with the understanding that the United States Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for government purposes.

Nasa Human Exploration Rover Challenge, Estelle Fortes, Aaron Taylor, Caitlin Talerico, Jessica Chow, Jessica Turcios, Johnnie Perry, Joshua Beck, Juana Cecilia Martin-Gonzalez, Lisa Ferguson, Michaela Branscomb, Mo Sabliny, Raeann Vansickle, Sarah Pearson, Sierra Dryer, Zach Henney, Brenda Haven

Aviation / Aeronautics / Aerospace International Research Conference

NASA's Great Moonbuggy Race, held annually in at the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, is an engineering design challenge that asks teams of student engineers to design a human-­‐powered vehicle capable of traversing a simulated lunar surface. However, there is an interesCng sCpulaCon in the design of the moonbuggy: it must be able to be transported in a 4x4x4 foot cube, echoing the design constraint faced by the engineers who built the Lunar Roving Vehicles used by the astronauts of the later Apollo missions. The vehicle in this proposal, Ocelot, designed by the Society of Women Engineers at …

Applications Of Long-Wave Thermal Infrared Imagers On Unmanned Aerial Systems For First Responders, Nick Harris, Lorenzo Coykendall

Aviation / Aeronautics / Aerospace International Research Conference

The Embry-Riddle Prescott UAS Team will design, build, and test three Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) for competing in the student UAS Competition June 18 - 22 in Patuxent River, MD hosted by the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI).

The team will design and build these unmanned aircraft to carry a five-pound payload, sustain flight for at least forty minutes, and be hand-launchable and rugged; they will be constructed from composite materials and will be fully autonomous through the use of open-source autopilots.

Angle Of Attack Equipment In General Aviation Operations, Marshall Pomeroy, Justin Abrams, Shawn Pruchnicki, Seth Young

Aviation / Aeronautics / Aerospace International Research Conference

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in conjunction with the general aviation (GA) industry formed the General Aviation Joint Steering Committee (GAJSC) with the goal to improve overall general aviation safety.

• The GAJSC tasked their technical division, the Safety Analysis Team (SAT), with identifying safety issues present within GA. Upon review of fatal GA accidents between 2001 and 2010, it was concluded that over half of the fatal accidents were a result of loss of control inflight, or LOC-I.

• A Loss of Control Working Group (LOCWG) was formed between the FAA and the GA industry to research and recommend safety improvements. …

Applying Spiking Neural Network Simulation To Neuromodulatory Autonomous Robot Control, Cameron Muhammad

Phi Kappa Phi Research Symposium (Archived)

In this paper, simulation of the brain based on an artificial spiking neuron model is used to create a self-learning algorithm. The spiking neuron simulation is used to demonstrate a neuromodulation program in which the reward seeking properties of dopamine, the risk-adverse effects of serotonin, and the attention-focusing effects of the cholinergic and noradrenergic systems are applied to a mobile robotic platform as it moves autonomously throughout an environment. External stimuli is recorded by the program as spiking “events” that result in corresponding amounts of dopamine and serotonin influenced spiking patterns. These spiking patterns affect how the robot adapts to …

Piecemeal Versus Integrated Design: Framing Meets Design Thinking, Stephen Secules, Ayush Gupta, Andrew Elby

Design Thinking Research Symposium

Systems thinking is an important component of engineering design thinking but one that is often difficult for beginning designers. In this paper, we present an empirically grounded case that sometimes the novice-like design behaviors emerge, not due to a lack of skills/knowledge on part of the student designers, but by the nature of the way the activity is structured and the implicit and explicit messages communicated to the students on the nature of the design task. Our analysis draws on video-records of brainstorming and design review and briefing meetings between students, instructors, and stakeholders in the context of a service-learning …

Cgt 256: User-Centered (Re)Design, Mihaela Vorvoreanu

IMPACT Symposium

The poster presented at the IMPACT Symposium 2014 outlines the redesign of of CGT 256: User Centered Design.

Analysis Of The Influence Of Organic Corrosion Inhibitors On Corrosion Of Reinforcement In Concrete Bridge Structure Under Simulated Field Service Environment, Liang Shi, J. Ye, C. C. Chen, Y. Wu, J. Z. Liu

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

For concrete bridge projects in marine environments, attention must be paid to the reinforcement corrosion problems caused by chloride intrusion. As kinds of functional admixtures, which can reduce the reinforcement corrosion rate, corrosion inhibitors are becoming very popular in China in new bridge projects. Corrosion inhibitors cover both inorganic and organic inhibitors. Nitrite is representative of inorganic corrosion inhibitors, but its carcinogenicity has hindered its further development. Organic corrosion inhibitors such as small-molecule-based alcohol amine series are becoming the focus of attention. To guide the scientific applications of organic corrosion inhibitors, China is carrying out broad applications technology research. But …

Evaluation Of Structural Properties Of The Freeze–Thaw-Damaged Rc Beam Members By Nonlinear Finite-Element Analysis, Hiroshi Hayashida, Yasuhiko Sato, Tamon Ueda

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

On RC beam members damaged by freeze–thaw cycles, the authors performed nonlinear finite-element analysis using distributed reinforcement and smeared cracking models, toward evaluating the structural properties of such RC beams. We then compared the analysis results to test results. The comparison found that the accuracy of analysis depends on the severity of concrete deterioration. It was clarified that the test values do not agree with the analysis values for RC beams that experience shear rigidity reduction from freezing damage to the compressive area or for RC beams that experience decreased rebar–concrete bonding strength from freezing damage to the tensile area. …

Research On Microscopic Pore Structure And Permeability Of Air-Entrained Fly–Ash Concrete Subjected To Freezing And Thawing Action, Zhuo Zhao, Dawang Li, Feng Xing, Ningxu Han, Dongwei Wang

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

In this paper, rapid freezing and thawing test of air-entrained fly–ash concrete was carried out. Gas adsorption of concrete pores, mass loss, dynamic elastic modulus, and chloride diffusion coefficient of concrete after different freezing and thawing cycles was tested; scanning electron image was used to study the microscopic pore structure of the specimens. Results show that after certain freezing and thawing cycles, microscopic pores of the sample had a brittle failure, which results in sudden changes of cumulative desorption pore volume and cumulative desorption surface area obtained by Barrett, Joyner, and Halenda method. It was found that the variation of …

Using Acoustic Emission To Quantify Freeze–Thaw Damage Of Mortar Saturated With Nacl Solutions, Ye Qian, Yaghoob Farnam, Jason Weiss

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Mortar samples were saturated with NaCl solutions of various concentrations and subjected to freeze– thaw cycles. Passive and active acoustic emission (AE) testing was conducted. The freezing temperature of the NaCl solutions in mortar corresponded with the sudden observation of passive AE events. The acoustic energy and damage parameter were calculated to evaluate the extent of freeze–thaw damage. The influence of the NaCl solution concentration and whether the solution freezes on freeze–thaw damage are discussed.

Physical Model And Mesoscale Simulation Of Mortar And Concrete Deformations Under Freeze–Thaw Cycles, Fuyuan Gong, Evdon Sicat, Yi Wang, Tamon Ueda, Dawei Zhang

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The degradation of concrete material under multiple freeze–thaw cycles is an important issue for structures in cold and wet regions. This paper proposed a physical and mechanical model to explain the deformation behavior observed in previous experiments, from internal pressure calculation to mesoscale simulation, and for both closed and open freeze–thaw tests. Three kinds of internal pressures are considered in this study: hydraulic pressure due to ice volume expansion, crystallization pressure, and cryosuction pressure due to liquid–ice interface. The hydraulic pressure model combines Power’s model with poromechanical theories, which can well explain the reverse phenomenon (from expansion to contraction) observed …

A Tale Of Two Design Contexts: Quantitative And Qualitative Explorations Of Student-Instructor Interactions Amidst Ambiguity, Monica E. Cardella, Patrice Buzzanell, Antonette Cummings, Delean Tolbert, Carla B. Zoltowski

Design Thinking Research Symposium

Designers develop design skills and knowledge through experience and feedback – feedback from colleagues, clients, supervisors, users, stakeholders, the success or failure of a solution, and design educators. In this project, we focus on the feedback provided to mechanical engineering students completing their undergraduate studies and industrial design graduate students during design reviews. The design coaches (educators and industry clients) and design students must negotiate ambiguity in the process. The students must reduce ambiguity in the sense of providing clear details as they communicate their design work, reduce ambiguity in the coaches’ perceptions of the design work quality by providing …

Polysemy In Design Review Conversations, Georgi V. Georgiev, Toshiharu Taura

Design Thinking Research Symposium

This paper examines the role of polysemy, defined as the quality of having multiple meanings, in design review conversations. It examines the polysemy, particularly of nouns, involved in a dataset of design review conversations with reference to design ideas. The purpose is to determine whether polysemy is related to successful development of design ideas and more creative design outcomes. The results show that the polysemy of nouns involved in the conversations of the finally developed, successful, design ideas exceeds in the most cases the average polysemy involved in the conversations pertaining to the unsuccessful design ideas. Furthermore, the polysemy of …

A Performance-Based Framework For Structural Resilience To Blast-Induced Damage, Shalva Marjanishvili, Spencer Quiel, Brian Katz

International Institute for Infrastructure Resilience and Reconstruction (I3R2) Conference

This paper proposes a framework for establishing quantitative measures and mathematically reproducible definitions of structural resiliency as it pertains to a structure's ability to minimize the potential for undesirable response to low-probability-high-consequence events. The resiliency assessment and design process follow a logical progression of steps starting with the characterization of hazards and continuing through analysis simulations, damage modeling, and loss assessment by balancing functional relationships between design tradeoffs and associated consequences. The outcomes of each subprocess are articulated through a series of generalized variables: topology, geometry, damage, and hazard intensity measures. A rigorous probabilistic framework permits consistent characterization of the …

A Study On Performance Design Using A Sprinkler System For Fire-Spread Prevention Of A Building Exterior, Seung Un Chae, Heung-You Kim, Uh-Sang Kwon, Bum-Yean Cho

International Institute for Infrastructure Resilience and Reconstruction (I3R2) Conference

A glass exterior material is normally used in buildings, but it also comes with a disadvantage—it is easily damaged by fire. If the glass exterior material is damaged, a fire can rapidly propagate inside the building space, leading to a lot of damage from the flame transfer to the other space. In this study, the performance of a sprinkler for flame propagation prevention was evaluated during an experiment with an actual proof fire. The study found that where the sprinkler is installed with the glass exterior material, the temperature does not exceed 60°C until the end of the test due …

A Multi-Criteria Methodology For Measuring The Resilience Of Transportation Assets And Prioritizing Security Investments, Michelle S. Dojutrek, Samuel Labi, J Eric Dietz

International Institute for Infrastructure Resilience and Reconstruction (I3R2) Conference

Transportation project prioritization uses performance measures that are related to the transportation asset, its operations, and its environment. However, in the state of practice, evaluation does not consider directly the likelihood of natural or man-made threats, the infrastructure resilience, or the consequences of the infrastructure damage in the event that the threat occurs. Thus, during the prioritization of investments, assets of low security do not receive the due attention they deserve. In defining security as the lack of risk of damage from threats due to inherent structure or functional resilience, this paper is based on the premise that the inclusion …

Development Of Resilience Index In Transport Systems, Seungjae Lee, Jooyoung Kim, Shinhae Lee, Yan Chang-Richards

International Institute for Infrastructure Resilience and Reconstruction (I3R2) Conference

This paper demonstrates the quantification of the resilience index (RI) in transport systems. The transport infrastructure can be managed by using the concepts of resilience. Vugrin, Warren, Ehlen, & Camphouse (2010) emphasized the enhancement of resilience in infrastructure before disasters and the establishment of efficient measures for the recovery of systems in an emergency. The concept of resilience has a significant influence on transport planning and operations for disaster preparation. Lee, Kim, & Lee (2013) investigated the concepts of resilience and examined case studies using valuable asset-management techniques in order to maintain the resilience concepts which should be introduced in …

Flood Risk Management: An Illustrative Approach, Natainia S. Lummen, Y Nagayoshi, H Shirozu, T Hokamura, S Nakajo, F Yamada, N Okada

International Institute for Infrastructure Resilience and Reconstruction (I3R2) Conference

Widespread flooding with significant damage in many countries, such as the Philippines in 2013, highlights the ongoing need for effective flood risk management (FRM). This hinges on comprehensive access to and dissemination of information about the elements and the people at risk. Simulations, real-time graphs, and maps illustrate the spatial distribution of flood risks, spatial allocation and dissemination of flood effects, if flood risk reduction measures are not implemented, as well as the benefits to be derived from the effective implementation and maintenance of flood risk management measures not realized. Using precipitation, river water, and tide levels, a real-time monitoring …

Simulation Of Bedrock Motion To Obtain Pga Values, Shyanaka Dananjaya, Ranjith Dissanayake, Nimal Senevirathne, Kushan K. Wijesundara

International Institute for Infrastructure Resilience and Reconstruction (I3R2) Conference

This study is focused on producing the Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) values for important cities in Sri Lanka, which would provide the base to develop the national annex to the Euro Code, the current guideline in designing structures. In order to find out the magnitude and the epicenter distance of a 475-year return period earthquake, an earthquake catalog was developed. To simulate the bedrock motion FLAC Software, which uses the Finite Difference approach, was used. Five 2-D FLAC models representing five cross sections of Sri Lanka were developed. Due to the lack of local data records, a dataset of seven …

Experimental Study On The Fire Resistance Performance Of Prestressed Composite Beam With Corrugated Web Under Standard Fire With Loading Condition, Heung-Youl Kim, Hyung-Jun Kim, Kyung-Hoon Park, Bum-Yean Cho

International Institute for Infrastructure Resilience and Reconstruction (I3R2) Conference

In this study, fire resistance tests were performed on a conventional slim floor beam and a prestressed composite beam with corrugated webs, which is suitable for a long-span structure with a reduction in story height by utilizing the prestress and accordion effect. In the fire test program, the ISO 834 standard fire curve was adopted. Key test variables were the effect of prestress, shape of corrugated webs, and thickness of sprayed fireproofing material. All of the test specimens demonstrated enhanced fire resistance performance exceeding the expected performance level. The prestressed composite beams with corrugated webs especially showed excellent fire performance, …