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Articles 6901 - 6930 of 11510
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
In Vivo Immunotoxicological Evaluation Of Electrospun Polycaprolactone (Epcl) And Investigation Of Epcl As A Drug Delivery System For Immunomodulatory Compounds, Colleen Mcloughlin
In Vivo Immunotoxicological Evaluation Of Electrospun Polycaprolactone (Epcl) And Investigation Of Epcl As A Drug Delivery System For Immunomodulatory Compounds, Colleen Mcloughlin
Theses and Dissertations
Electrospun materials have potential use in many biomedical applications such as soft tissue replacements or as scaffolds to target drug delivery to local sites. Electrospinning is a polymer processing technique that can be used to create materials composed of fibers with diameters ranging from the micron to the nanoscale. We investigated the effects of microfibrous and nanofibrous electrospun polycaprolactone (EPCL) on innate, cell-mediated, and humoral components of the immune system. Results demonstrated that in both young (12 week) and old (6 month) mice, EPCL had no effect on various immune parameters. With its lack of immunotoxicity, EPCL presents an excellent …
Non-Invasive Intracranial Pressure Method And Monitor, Tarun Sinha
Non-Invasive Intracranial Pressure Method And Monitor, Tarun Sinha
Theses and Dissertations
The eyes are acoustically continuous with the brain and inner ear tissues in regard to matched impedances, based on tissue densities, thus, vibration of one site will be reflected in all sites. With this being the case, the vibrational energy response of the eye due to an external source can be used to determine a correlation or draw a conclusion concerning the vibrational energy response of the brain would be. And since there is a correlation between the vibrational energies, any changes in the acoustical energy in the eye can possibly be used to determine the changes in acoustical energy …
Engineering Of Polyamidoamine (Pamam) Dendrimers For Gene And Drug Delivery, Quan Yuan
Engineering Of Polyamidoamine (Pamam) Dendrimers For Gene And Drug Delivery, Quan Yuan
Theses and Dissertations
Dendrimers are a class of polymers with a highly branched, three-dimensional architecture composed of an initiator core, several interior layers of repeating units and multiple surface groups. They have been recognized as the most versatile compositionally and structurally controlled nanoscale building blocks throughout the fields of engineering, materials science, chemistry, and biology, and they have been widely investigated for drug and gene delivery. Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers have inherent properties for gene delivery because of their high buffering capacity, polycationic surface and numerous surface groups for biofunctionlization. This dissertation is organized into four independent sections. The first section investigates a series …
The Application Of Origami To The Design Of Lamina Emergent Mechanisms (Lems) With Extensions To Collapsible, Compliant And Flat-Folding Mechanisms, Holly Greenberg
The Application Of Origami To The Design Of Lamina Emergent Mechanisms (Lems) With Extensions To Collapsible, Compliant And Flat-Folding Mechanisms, Holly Greenberg
Theses and Dissertations
Lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs) are a subset of compliant mechanisms which are fabricated from planar materials; use compliance, or flexibility of the material, to transfer energy; and have motion that emerges out of the fabrication plane. LEMs provide potential design advantages by reducing the number of parts, reducing cost, reducing weight, improving recyclability, increasing precision, and eliminating assembly, to name a few. However, there are inherent design and modeling challenges including complexities in large, non-linear deflections, singularities that exist when leaving the planar state, and the coupling of material properties and geometry in predicting mechanism behavior. This thesis examines the …
Investigation Of Band Bending In N- And P-Type Gan, Michael Foussekis
Investigation Of Band Bending In N- And P-Type Gan, Michael Foussekis
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation details the study of band bending in n- and p-type GaN samples with a Kelvin probe utilizing different illumination geometries, ambients (air, oxygen, vacuum 10-6 mbar), and sample temperatures (77 – 650 K). The Kelvin probe, which is mounted inside an optical cryostat, is used to measure the surface potential. Illumination of the GaN surface with band-to-band light generates electron-hole pairs, which quickly separate in the depletion region due to a strong electric field caused by the near-surface band bending. The charge that is swept to the surface reduces the band bending and generates a surface photovoltage (SPV). …
Synthesis And Characterization Of Doxorubicin Carrying Cetuximab-Pamam Dendrimer Bioconjugates, Gunjan Saxena
Synthesis And Characterization Of Doxorubicin Carrying Cetuximab-Pamam Dendrimer Bioconjugates, Gunjan Saxena
Theses and Dissertations
A tumor targeted dendrimer based drug delivery system was designed and synthesized to carry chemotherapy drug doxorubicin. Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer G4.5 was chosen as the underlying carrier. Anionic G4.5 is a good option for drug delivery as it consists of 128 surface groups, is less cytotoxic and favorably biodistributed. The delivery system was synthesized using a layer-by layer arrangement of three functional entities: chemotherapy drug doxorubicin, monoclonal antibody Cetuximab against EGF receptor, and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Doxorubicin was attached via an acid-sensitive hydrazon linkage to the dendrimer. Macromolecules are taken in by cells through endocytosis. pH inside the early endosomes …
Semi-Interpenetrating Nanofiber Scaffolds For Transbuccal Drug Delivery, Donald Aduba Jr.
Semi-Interpenetrating Nanofiber Scaffolds For Transbuccal Drug Delivery, Donald Aduba Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
The oral buccal mucosa is a promising absorption site for drug administration because it is permeable, highly vascularized and allows ease of administration. Although there are many platforms that have been used for drug delivery, nanofiber scaffolds as a platform for local or systemic drug delivery through the oral mucosa have not been fully explored. In this thesis, we fabricated a biocompatible electrospun gelatin nanofiber scaffold for local drug delivery at the oral mucosa. To stabilize the electrospun gelatin nanofibers and allow non-invasive incorporation of therapeutics into the scaffold, photo-reactive polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-diacrylate was employed to crosslink the scaffold to form …
Electroencephalography (Eeg)-Based Brain Computer Interfaces For Rehabilitation, Dandan Huang
Electroencephalography (Eeg)-Based Brain Computer Interfaces For Rehabilitation, Dandan Huang
Theses and Dissertations
Objective: Brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies have been the subject of study for the past decades to help restore functions for people with severe motor disabilities and to improve their quality of life. BCI research can be generally categorized by control signals (invasive/non-invasive) or applications (e.g. neuroprosthetics/brain-actuated wheelchairs), and efforts have been devoted to better understand the characteristics and possible uses of brain signals. The purpose of this research is to explore the feasibility of a non-invasive BCI system with the combination of unique sensorimotor-rhythm (SMR) features. Specifically, a 2D virtual wheelchair control BCI is implemented to extend the application of …
Evaluation And Development Of Actuators For Lamina Emergent Mechanisms With Emphasis On Flat Solenoids, Justin Durant Black
Evaluation And Development Of Actuators For Lamina Emergent Mechanisms With Emphasis On Flat Solenoids, Justin Durant Black
Theses and Dissertations
Lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs) can provide a way to meet the demand for more compact and inexpensive mechanisms. Previous research has developed LEM designs and identified applications for them, but many applications would benefit from suitable actuation techniques. This thesis presents the design considerations and a variety of applicable methods for internal and external LEM actuation in the macro scale. Integrated LEM actuator possibilities have been identified, each with its advantages and disadvantages depending on the application. Shape memory alloys are especially compatible with LEMs. Traditional actuators have also been discussed as a way of actuating a LEM from the …
Application Of Two-Color Pyrometry To Characterize The Two-Dimensional Temperature And Emissivity Of Pulverized-Coal Oxy-Flames, Teri Snow Draper
Application Of Two-Color Pyrometry To Characterize The Two-Dimensional Temperature And Emissivity Of Pulverized-Coal Oxy-Flames, Teri Snow Draper
Theses and Dissertations
Oxy-combustion is a developing technology that enables carbon dioxide (CO2) capture. Flame temperature and emissivity data were taken on a 150 kWth, pulverized-coal, burner flow reactor (BFR) that has been modified to run oxy-combustion with pure CO2 as simulated recycled flue gas. Data were taken at 78 conditions in which three parameters were varied, namely: the swirl angle of the fuel stream, the location of the oxidizer as it exited the burner, and the flow rate of diluent (pure CO2) added to the outer, secondary stream. At each condition, digital color images were obtained using a calibrated RGB camera. The …
Multi-Processor Computation Of Thrombus Growth And Embolization In A Model Of Blood-Biomaterial Interaction Based On Fluid Dynamics, Brandon Thomas Andersen
Multi-Processor Computation Of Thrombus Growth And Embolization In A Model Of Blood-Biomaterial Interaction Based On Fluid Dynamics, Brandon Thomas Andersen
Theses and Dissertations
This work describes the development and testing of a real-time three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation of thrombosis and embolization to be used in the design of blood-contacting devices. Features of the model include the adhesion and aggregation of blood platelets on device material surfaces, shear and chemical activation of blood platelets, and embolization of platelet aggregates due to shear forces. As thrombus develops, blood is diverted from its regular flow field. If shear forces on a thrombus are sufficient to overcome the strength of adhesion, the thrombus is dislodged from the wall. Development of the model included preparing thrombosis and …
Limited Resource Feature Detection, Description, And Matching, Spencer G. Fowers
Limited Resource Feature Detection, Description, And Matching, Spencer G. Fowers
Theses and Dissertations
The aims of this research work are to develop a feature detection, description, and matching system for low-resource applications. This work was motivated by the need for a vision sensor to assist the flight of a quad-rotor UAV. This application presented a real-world challenge of autonomous drift stabilization using vision sensors. The initial solution implemented a basic feature detector and matching system on an FPGA. The research then pursued ways to improve the vision system. Research began with color feature detection, and the Color Difference of Gaussians feature detector was developed. CDoG provides better results than gray scale DoG and …
Segmentation And Fracture Detection In Ct Images For Traumatic Pelvic Injuries, Jie Wu
Segmentation And Fracture Detection In Ct Images For Traumatic Pelvic Injuries, Jie Wu
Theses and Dissertations
In recent decades, more types and quantities of medical data have been collected due to advanced technology. A large number of significant and critical information is contained in these medical data. High efficient and automated computational methods are urgently needed to process and analyze all available medical data in order to provide the physicians with recommendations and predictions on diagnostic decisions and treatment planning. Traumatic pelvic injury is a severe yet common injury in the United States, often caused by motor vehicle accidents or fall. Information contained in the pelvic Computed Tomography (CT) images is very important for assessing the …
Windowed Factorized Backprojection For Pulsed And Lfm-Cw Stripmap Sar, Kyra Michelle Moon
Windowed Factorized Backprojection For Pulsed And Lfm-Cw Stripmap Sar, Kyra Michelle Moon
Theses and Dissertations
Factorized backprojection is a processing algorithm for reconstructing images from data collected by synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. Factorized backprojection requires less computation than conventional time-domain backprojection with little loss in accuracy for straight-line motion. However, its implementation is not as straightforward as direct backprojection. Further, implementing an azimuth window has been difficult in previous versions of factorized backprojection. This thesis provides a new, easily parallelizable formulation of factorized backprojection designed for both pulsed and linearly frequency modulated continuous wave (LFM-CW) stripmap SAR data. A method of easily implementing an azimuth window as part of the factorized backprojection algorithm is …
Three Dimensional In Vitro Model Of Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Anna Bulysheva
Three Dimensional In Vitro Model Of Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Anna Bulysheva
Theses and Dissertations
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are among the leading causes of cancer related deaths throughout the world. The survival rate for this type of cancer is extremely low and has not changed significantly in recent decades. There is an imperative need to study tumor progression in a representative model in order to generate more knowledge about this disease as well as develop more effective treatment options. Multiple methods already exist for studying HNSCC and other types of cancers, including in vitro and in vivo models. Although in vivo models are more representative of the human carcinomas in terms …
Reducing Residual Drift In Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames By Using Gravity Columns As Part Of A Dual System, Megan Boston
Reducing Residual Drift In Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames By Using Gravity Columns As Part Of A Dual System, Megan Boston
Theses and Dissertations
Severe earthquakes cause damage to buildings. One measure of damage is the residual drift. Large residual drifts suggest expensive repairs and could lead to complete loss of the building. As such, research has been conducted on how to reduce the residual drift. Recent research has focused on self-centering frames and dual systems, both of which increase the post-yield stiffness of the building during and after an earthquake. Self-centering systems have yet to be adopted into standard practice but dual systems are used regularly. Dual systems in steel buildings typically combine two types of traditional lateral force resisting systems such as …
Cavitation Of A Water Jet In Water, Michael Marshall Wright
Cavitation Of A Water Jet In Water, Michael Marshall Wright
Theses and Dissertations
Cavitation is a phenomenon that occurs in liquids when the pressure drops below the vapor pressure of the liquid. Previous research has verified that cavitation bubble collapse is a dynamic and destructive process. An understanding of the behavior of cavitation is necessary to implement this destructive mechanism from an axisymmetric jet for underwater material removal. This work investigates the influence of jet pressure and nozzle diameter on the behavior of a cloud of cavitation bubbles generated by a submerged high-pressure water jet. First, this investigation is put into context with a condensed historical background of cavitation research. Second, a description …
Sensitivity Of Resistivity Measurements On Concrete Bridge Decks To Operator-Controlled And Concrete Material Variables, Natasha Christine Barrus
Sensitivity Of Resistivity Measurements On Concrete Bridge Decks To Operator-Controlled And Concrete Material Variables, Natasha Christine Barrus
Theses and Dissertations
The objectives of this research were to investigate the sensitivity of two-prong and fourprong resistivity measurements to certain operator-controlled variables and to conduct a direct comparison of the sensitivity of two-prong and four-prong resistivity measurements to certain concrete material variables. Four full-factorial experiments were designed for this research. In the experimentation on operator-controlled variables with two-prong resistivity testing, main effects that are both statistically significant and practically important include hole depth and surface water. In the experimentation on operator-controlled variables with four-prong resistivity testing, probe position, surface water, and prong spacing are all neither statistically significant nor practically important. This …
Sea Ice Mapping Using Enhanced Resolution Advanced Scatterometer Images, Steven Joseph Reeves
Sea Ice Mapping Using Enhanced Resolution Advanced Scatterometer Images, Steven Joseph Reeves
Theses and Dissertations
Sea ice is of great interest due to its effect on the global climate, the Earth's ecosystem, and human activities. Microwave remote sensing has proven to be an effective way to measure many of the characteristics of sea ice. In particular, several algorithms map the daily sea ice extent using a variety of instruments. Enhanced resolution images generated from the Scatterometer Image Reconstruction (SIR) algorithm can be used to generate a high resolution ice extent map. Previous algorithms using SIR images were developed for scatterometers which are no longer operational. The Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) is a newer scatterometer which has …
An Investigation Of The Ward Leonard System For Use In A Hybrid Or Electric Passenger Vehicle, Cody L. Telford
An Investigation Of The Ward Leonard System For Use In A Hybrid Or Electric Passenger Vehicle, Cody L. Telford
Theses and Dissertations
Since the early 1900's demand for fuel efficient vehicles has motivated the development of electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Unfortunately, some components used in these vehicles are expensive and complex. Today's consumer electric vehicles use dangerously high voltage,expensive electronic controllers, complex battery management systems and AC motors. The goal of this research at BYU is to increase safety by lowering the operating voltage and decrease cost by eliminating expensive controllers and decrease the number of battery cells. This paper specifically examines the use of a Ward Leonard Motor Control system for use in a passenger vehicle. The theory of the …
Passive Resistance Of Abutments With Mse Wingwalls, Nathanael G. Bingham
Passive Resistance Of Abutments With Mse Wingwalls, Nathanael G. Bingham
Theses and Dissertations
Large scale static lateral load tests were performed on a pile cap under varying sand backfill configurations: no backfill, full-width dense sand backfill, dense sand slip plane confined backfill, and two configurations of dense sand MSE wall confined backfills. Efforts were made to maintain the relative compaction of the backfills for each of the tests near the same value. The MSE wall panel arrangement was varied to determine the effect of different reinforcement configurations on the passive resistance and wall panel displacement. Passive force-displacement curves were generated from each test. It was found that the MSE design manual provided reasonable …
Skew Effects On Passive Earth Pressures Based On Large-Scale Tests, Shon Joseph Jessee
Skew Effects On Passive Earth Pressures Based On Large-Scale Tests, Shon Joseph Jessee
Theses and Dissertations
The passive force-deflection relationship for abutment walls is important for bridges subjected to thermal expansion and seismic forces, but no test results have been available for skewed abutments. To determine the influence of skew angle on the development of passive force, lab tests were performed on a wall with skew angles of 0º, 15º, 30º, and 45º. The wall was 1.26 m wide and 0.61 m high and the backfill consisted of dense compacted sand. As the skew angle increased, the passive force decreased substantially with a reduction of 50% at a skew of 30º. An adjustment factor was developed …
Extending The Quikscat Data Record With The Oceansat-2 Scatterometer, Joshua P. Bradley
Extending The Quikscat Data Record With The Oceansat-2 Scatterometer, Joshua P. Bradley
Theses and Dissertations
Originally designed for wind velocity estimation over the ocean, scatterometers have since been applied to climate studies of the Earth's cryosphere and bioshere. As an integral part of climatological studies of the planet, the NASA Scatterometer Climate Record Pathfinder (SCP) supplies scatterometer-based products designed to aid researchers in climatological studies of the planet. In this thesis, necessary steps are taken to facilitate data from the Oceansat-2 Ku-band scatterometer (OSCAT) to be used in extending the Ku-band SCP dataset of conically scanning pencil-beam scatterometers begun by the Seawinds scatterometer flown on the QuikSCAT mission 1999-2009. As a standard SCP product, a …
Method For The Simulated Layup Of Composite Fabrics, David M. Christensen
Method For The Simulated Layup Of Composite Fabrics, David M. Christensen
Theses and Dissertations
Due to the complexity of designing advanced composite parts, many software tools have been developed to aid the designer and reduce design cycle time. Draping is one of those tools and is used to predict the fiber angles throughout the part. This application of draping is to simulate the actual hand layup process that a technician would go through while creating a multi-layered laminate composite part. This method is the first to use plies as an underlying surface for draping instead of just using an offset mold surface. This method can visualize full 3D ply geometry taking into account the …
Application Of Parametric Nurbs Geometry To Mode Shape Identification And The Modal Assurance Criterion, Evan D. Selin
Application Of Parametric Nurbs Geometry To Mode Shape Identification And The Modal Assurance Criterion, Evan D. Selin
Theses and Dissertations
The dynamic characteristics of a part are highly dependent on geometric and material properties of the part. The identification and tracking of vibrational mode shapes within an iterative design process becomes difficult and time consuming due to the frequently changing part definition. Currently, visual inspection of analysis results is used as the means to identify the shape of each vibrational mode determined by the modal analysis. This thesis investigates the automation of the mode shape identification process through the use of parametric geometry and the Modal Assurance Criterion. Displacement results from finite element modal analysis are used to create parametric …
Generation, Mechanical And Statistical Analysis, And Fem Simulation Of Fracture Of Repeatable Random Rough Surfaces, Hector Medina
Generation, Mechanical And Statistical Analysis, And Fem Simulation Of Fracture Of Repeatable Random Rough Surfaces, Hector Medina
Theses and Dissertations
Natural weathering and wear of structural materials in service nearly always generate surface roughness, and follow the Central Limit Theorem prediction for surface topology. This study couples experimental and statistical theory, and FEM to extend knowledge of life of materials from initial service surface conditions through surface damage accumulation. Statistical moments and other parameters were correlated with fracture locations probability (H/N), versus auto correlation length, and depth. As the surface grows to a full Gaussian, H/N increases its dependence on profile’s Average and RMS Roughness, and derived parameters. This dependence shows an asymptotic limit behavior that approaches agreeably Griffith’s crack …
Development Of L-Band Down Converter Boards And Real-Time Digital Backend For Phased Array Feeds, Vikas Asthana
Development Of L-Band Down Converter Boards And Real-Time Digital Backend For Phased Array Feeds, Vikas Asthana
Theses and Dissertations
Recent developments in the field of phased array feeds for radio astronomical reflector antennas, have opened a new frontier for array signal processing for radio astronomy observations. The goal is to replace single horn feeds with a phased array feed, so as to enable astronomers to cover more sky area in less time. The development of digital backend signal processing systems has been a major area of concentration for the development of science-ready phased array feeds for radio astronomers. This thesis focuses on the development of analog down-converter receivers and an FPGA-based digital backend for real-time data processing and analysis …
Simulations Of Controlled Fires Using The One-Dimensional Turbulence Model With Application To Fire Spread In Wildland Fires, Elizabeth Ida Monson
Simulations Of Controlled Fires Using The One-Dimensional Turbulence Model With Application To Fire Spread In Wildland Fires, Elizabeth Ida Monson
Theses and Dissertations
The mechanism of flame propagation in fuel beds of wildland fires is important to understand and quantify fire spread rates. Fires spread by radiative and convective heating and often require direct flame contact to achieve ignition. The flame interface in an advancing fire is unsteady and turbulent, making study of intermittent flames in complex fuels difficult. This thesis applies the one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model to a study of flame propagation by simulating a lab-scale fire representative of the flame interface in a fuel bed and incorporating solid fuel particles into the ODT code. The ODT model is able to resolve …
Electric Field Sensing In A Railgun Using Slab Coupled Optical Fiber Sensors, Jonathan Robert Noren
Electric Field Sensing In A Railgun Using Slab Coupled Optical Fiber Sensors, Jonathan Robert Noren
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis discusses the application of Slab Coupled Optical Fiber Sensors (SCOS) in a railgun. The specific goal of these sensors is to create an electric field profile at a specific point in the gun as the armature passes. The thesis explores the theory that powers the railgun as well as the principles of the SCOS sensors. It also elaborates on the various noise sources found throughout the detection system and concludes with a summary of the various field tests that were performed throughout this project. There are many benefits to using a railgun over traditional weapons in the field. …
Increasing Reliability Of A Small 2-Stroke Internal Combustion Engine For Dynamically Changing Attitudes, Steven C. Crosbie
Increasing Reliability Of A Small 2-Stroke Internal Combustion Engine For Dynamically Changing Attitudes, Steven C. Crosbie
Theses and Dissertations
Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) typically utilize commercial internal combustion engines (ICE) as their power sources. These engines are designed to run at sea level, but these aircraft are often pressed into service at higher altitudes where the performance characteristics deteriorate. A Brison 95cc two-stroke engine's performance characteristics at altitude are investigated using a test facility that can measure these characteristics over a range of pressures and temperatures. With its stock carburetor at sea level static (SLS) conditions, the engine makes 5.5 peak horsepower (hp) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) ranged from 1.2-4.0 lb/(hp-hr). At 10,000 feet conditions, the peak …