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Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Design And Evaluation Of A Cmos Contact-Imaging System For Microfluidics, Andres Moroni Galan Cherrez Oct 2017

Design And Evaluation Of A Cmos Contact-Imaging System For Microfluidics, Andres Moroni Galan Cherrez

Theses and Dissertations

A CMOS contact-imaging system for microfluidics is presented. The microsystem integrates a five-layer PDMS microfluidic network and a CMOS image sensor fabricated in a standard 0.18 µ­m technology. The CMOS image sensor consists of two 10×1-pixel array, an amplifier, and a control logic. The imager is able to achieve a low dark signal of 1.67 mV/s, a maximum integration time of 514 s, and a high dynamic range of 75.2 dB at 1 s integration time. The microfluidic device integrates several actuated valve to achieve a fully automated lab-on-a-chip. This work also presents a quantitative comparison of the photomultiplier tube …

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Development Of A Performance-Based Procedure For Assessment Of Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spread Displacements Using The Cone Penetration Test, Tyler Blaine Coutu Oct 2017

Development Of A Performance-Based Procedure For Assessment Of Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spread Displacements Using The Cone Penetration Test, Tyler Blaine Coutu

Theses and Dissertations

Liquefaction-induced lateral spread displacements cause severe damage to infrastructure, resulting in large economic losses in affected regions. Predicting lateral spread displacements is an important aspect in any seismic analysis and design, and many different methods have been developed to accurately estimate these displacements. However, the inherent uncertainty in predicting seismic events, including the extent of liquefaction and its effects, makes it difficult to accurately estimate lateral spread displacements. Current conventional methods of predicting lateral spread displacements do not completely account for uncertainty, unlike a performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) approach that accounts for the all inherent uncertainty in seismic design. The …

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An Investigation Into Isogeometric Blended Shells, David Scott Willoughby Oct 2017

An Investigation Into Isogeometric Blended Shells, David Scott Willoughby

Theses and Dissertations

Improvements to isogeometric blended shells are introduced which blend traditional Reissner-Mindlin shells, and Kirchhoff-Love shells, with an exact interpolation of the shell director increment. A gradient extraction operator is introduced which allows derivatives of basis functions to be exactly expressed as a linear combination of the basis functions themselves. Several benchmarks are investigated and the new blended shell is compared with different shell elements in ABAQUS and NASTRAN. In addition, the effect of different quadrature schemes is included in the comparisons. The new isogeometric blended shell performs comparably in some benchmarks, and even outperforms commercial shell finite elements in some …

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Considering Manufacturing In The Design Of Thick-Panel Origami Mechanisms, Erica Brunson Crampton Oct 2017

Considering Manufacturing In The Design Of Thick-Panel Origami Mechanisms, Erica Brunson Crampton

Theses and Dissertations

Origami has been investigated and demonstrated for engineering applications in recent years. Many techniques for accommodating the thickness of most engineering materials have been developed. In this work, tables comparing performance and manufacturing characteristics are presented. These tables can serve as useful design tools for engineers when selecting an appropriate thickness-accommodation technique for their application. The use of bent sheet metal for panels in thick-origami mechanisms shows promise as a panel design approach that mitigates several trade-offs between performance and manufacturing characteristics. A process is described and demonstrated that can be employed to use sheet metal in designs of origami-adapted …

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Holistic Methodology For Stochastic Space Mission Utility Analysis, Ja'mar Alexander Watson Oct 2017

Holistic Methodology For Stochastic Space Mission Utility Analysis, Ja'mar Alexander Watson

Theses and Dissertations

Analysis and design mechanisms have a profound effect on space missions; yet, space mission engineering is a discipline without unanimous definition and implementation. Current philosophies are inadequate due to incomplete mission phasespaces, disaggregated design methods, exclusion of constitutive relations, curtailed tradespace exploration, and unsubstantiated mission concept solutions. This dissertation presents a new paradigm for simultaneously developing, exploring, and assessing statistically validated space mission concepts. Stochastic modeling and simulation, providing multivariate mission utility analysis with concurrently integrated tradespace exploration, risk assessment, and holistic design, facilitates the methodology. Backtesting of the Apollo II-17 crewed missions to the Moon and retrodiction of Martian …

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Effect Of Bioglass Incorporation Into Electrochemically Aligned Collagen Threads On Mechanical Properties And Cell-Mediated Mineralization, Madhura Nijsure Oct 2017

Effect Of Bioglass Incorporation Into Electrochemically Aligned Collagen Threads On Mechanical Properties And Cell-Mediated Mineralization, Madhura Nijsure

Theses and Dissertations

Bone related diseases and disorders are a significant socioeconomic burden in the United States. Autografts and allografts are most commonly used for the treatment of bone defects and non-unions; however, they are associated with limitations such as donor site morbidity and immune rejection, respectively. Over the past few decades, bone tissue engineering (BTE) using scaffold and cells has garnered significant interest as an alternative method for the repair and regeneration of bone defects. Recreation of the tissue microenvironment via the development of biomimetic scaffolds that resemble the physicochemical aspects (i.e., composition, topography, stiffness) of native bone is a promising approach …

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Study Of Ultra Wide Band Gap Alxga1-Xn Field Effect Transistors For Power Electronic Applications, Sakib Mohammed Muhtadi Oct 2017

Study Of Ultra Wide Band Gap Alxga1-Xn Field Effect Transistors For Power Electronic Applications, Sakib Mohammed Muhtadi

Theses and Dissertations

High Aluminum content AlxGa1-xN (x > 30%) has attracted intense research interest nowadays as “Ultra Wide Band Gap (UWBG)” material due to large band gap (> 3.4 eV). The critical electric field (EC) of UWBG semiconductor AlGaN is significantly higher than GaN. Moreover, electron saturation velocity is also comparable to GaN. These attractive material properties are the needs for getting large breakdown voltage and high thermal stability which are the requirements for next generation power semiconductor devices. Theoretical possibilities show UWBG AlGaN based devices are an emerging class and can outperform conventional GaN based devices even at …

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Impact Of Electrospun Conduit Composition And Peritoneal Pre-Conditioning On Patency And Remodeling Of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts, Mozhgan Shojaee Oct 2017

Impact Of Electrospun Conduit Composition And Peritoneal Pre-Conditioning On Patency And Remodeling Of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts, Mozhgan Shojaee

Theses and Dissertations

Overall goal of this project was to develop a tissue engineered vascular graft by implanting an electrospun tubular conduit into the peritoneal cavity to recruit autologous cells to it and provide the cells with the components of the hysiological environment prior to grafting the conduit into the artery. This was accomplished through three complimentary studies: finding the best ratio of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and collagen that improves inflammatory response within the peritoneal cavity; determining the effect of peritoneal pre-implantation and the amount of incorporated collagen on graft functionality; and reducing the potential side effect of peritoneal adhesion formation. In the first …

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Characterization And Scaling Study Of Energy Pathways In Small Four-Stroke Internal Combustion Engines, Jason R. Blantin Sep 2017

Characterization And Scaling Study Of Energy Pathways In Small Four-Stroke Internal Combustion Engines, Jason R. Blantin

Theses and Dissertations

A study of the efficiency and energy losses of a selection of five small (40 - 200 cm3 displacement) single cylinder, four-stroke engines was accomplished. The study was performed as part of a larger effort to improve the range and endurance of small internal combustion engines (ICE) that power Group II Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Little is known about the performance, efficiency, and allocation of energy losses for four-stroke ICEs in this size range. The goal of the study was to characterize these parameters for use in future research efforts. Three research objectives were developed to guide the study …

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Engineered Surfaces To Control Secondary Electron Yield For Multipactor Suppression, James M. Sattler Sep 2017

Engineered Surfaces To Control Secondary Electron Yield For Multipactor Suppression, James M. Sattler

Theses and Dissertations

A significant problem for satellites, vacuum electron devices, and particle accelerators is multipactor: an avalanche of electrons caused by recurring secondary electron emission (SEE) in a time-varying electric field. The consequences of multipactor range from temporary to permanent device failure. This research studied how surface topography can be engineered to minimize SEE and suppress multipactor. Two new semi-empirical models (one based on a 2D pore, the other based on a 3D pore) were developed to predict the secondary electron yield (SEY) of a porous surface based on pore aspect ratio and porosity. The models were validated with experimental SEY measurements …

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Effect Of Fused Filament Fabrication Process Parameters On The Mechanical Properties Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers, Abdulrahman S. Alwabel Sep 2017

Effect Of Fused Filament Fabrication Process Parameters On The Mechanical Properties Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers, Abdulrahman S. Alwabel

Theses and Dissertations

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer manufactured using additive manufacturing process is relatively a new process. The ability to predict the mechanical properties of these parts with high confidence will spread the use of these high-strength materials in more applications. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the build time between successive layers, arrangement of fiber and nylon layers, fiber start location, and the use of support material on the mechanical properties CFRP produced by additive manufacturing process using the MarkForged (MarkOne) 3D printer. A design of experiment (DOE) we preformed to develop a mathematical model describing the …

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Evaluating Process Improvement Courses Of Action Through Modeling And Simulation, Joseph R. Owens Sep 2017

Evaluating Process Improvement Courses Of Action Through Modeling And Simulation, Joseph R. Owens

Theses and Dissertations

Quantifying an expected improvement when considering moderate-complexity changes to a process is time consuming and has potential to overlook stochastic effects. By modeling a process as a Numerical Design Structure Matrix (NDSM), simulating the proposed changes, and evaluating performance, quantification can be rapidly accomplished to understand stochastic effects. This thesis explores a method to evaluate complex process changes within Six Sigma DMAIC process improvement to identify the most desirable outcome amongst several improvement options. A tool to perform the modeling and evaluation is developed. This process evaluation tool is verified for functionality, then is demonstrated against generic processes, a case …

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Characterization Of Jet Fuel Combustion Emissions During A C-130 Aeromedical Evacuation Engines Running Onload, Michelle L. Page Sep 2017

Characterization Of Jet Fuel Combustion Emissions During A C-130 Aeromedical Evacuation Engines Running Onload, Michelle L. Page

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to characterize jet fuel combustion emissions (JFCE) in an occupational setting. Prior research demonstrated that aircraft emit hazardous species, especially at engine start-up and ground idle. Complaints of eye, nose, and throat irritation from occupational exposures near aircraft exist. In this study JFCE were tested during an aeromedical evacuation engines running patient onload (ERO) on a C-130 Hercules at the 179th Airlift Wing, Mansfield-Lahm Air National Guard. Ultrafine particles, VOC, formaldehyde, carbon monoxide (CO), sulfuric acid, and metals were sampled simultaneously in approximate crew and patient breathing zones. Testing methods were portable condensation …

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A Location-Aware Middleware Framework For Collaborative Visual Information Discovery And Retrieval, Andrew J.M. Compton Sep 2017

A Location-Aware Middleware Framework For Collaborative Visual Information Discovery And Retrieval, Andrew J.M. Compton

Theses and Dissertations

This work addresses the problem of scalable location-aware distributed indexing to enable the leveraging of collaborative effort for the construction and maintenance of world-scale visual maps and models which could support numerous activities including navigation, visual localization, persistent surveillance, structure from motion, and hazard or disaster detection. Current distributed approaches to mapping and modeling fail to incorporate global geospatial addressing and are limited in their functionality to customize search. Our solution is a peer-to-peer middleware framework based on XOR distance routing which employs a Hilbert Space curve addressing scheme in a novel distributed geographic index. This allows for a universal …

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Dynamics Of Chemical Degradation In Water Using Photocatalytic Reactions In An Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diode Reactor, John E. Stubbs Sep 2017

Dynamics Of Chemical Degradation In Water Using Photocatalytic Reactions In An Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diode Reactor, John E. Stubbs

Theses and Dissertations

This work examined ultraviolet (UV) light emitting diodes (LED) and hydrogen peroxide in an advanced oxidation process in support of a USAF installation net zero water initiative. A UV LED reactor was used for degradation of soluble organic chemicals. There were linear relationships between input drive current, optical output power, and first order degradation rate constants. When drive current was varied, first order degradation rates depended on chemical identities and the drive current. When molar peroxide ratios were varied, kinetic profiles revealed peroxide-limited or radical-scavenged phenomena. Molar absorptivity helped explain the complexity of chemical removal profiles. Degradation kinetics were used …

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Llogaritja E Aftësisë Mbajtëse E Objektit Afaristbanesor B+P+10 Në Gjilan, Endrit Muçiqi Sep 2017

Llogaritja E Aftësisë Mbajtëse E Objektit Afaristbanesor B+P+10 Në Gjilan, Endrit Muçiqi

Theses and Dissertations

Kjo temë paraqet matjen e aftësisë mbajtëse të tokës në objektin afaristë në Gjilan. Në këtë temë janë paraqitur shpimet në tokë sipas dimensioni mit të objektit , ku janë marr mostrat e dheut për nxjerrjen e parametrave fiziko-mekanik, që janë të domosdoshëm për llogaritjen e aftësisë mbajtës të tokës, Llogaritjet janë kryer sipas thellësive prej 0.5-5.0m me anë të dy metodave metoda sipas Terzak-ut dhe metoda sipas Meyerhof-it të paraqitur si me poshtë në tabelën nr (25,26,27)

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Large-Scale Testing Of Low-Strength Cellular Concrete For Skewed Bridge Abutments, Tyler Kirk Remund Sep 2017

Large-Scale Testing Of Low-Strength Cellular Concrete For Skewed Bridge Abutments, Tyler Kirk Remund

Theses and Dissertations

Low-strength cellular concrete consists of a cement slurry that is aerated prior to placement. It remains a largely untested material with properties somewhere between those of soil, geofoam, and typical controlled low-strength material (CLSM). The benefits of using this material include its low density, ease of placement, and ability to self-compact. Although the basic laboratory properties of this material have been investigated, little information exists about the performance of this material in the field, much less the passive resistance behavior of this material in the field.In order to evaluate the use of cellular concrete as a backfill material behind bridge …

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Distribution Of Essential Tremor In The Degrees Of Freedom Of The Upper Limb, Adam Charles Pigg Sep 2017

Distribution Of Essential Tremor In The Degrees Of Freedom Of The Upper Limb, Adam Charles Pigg

Theses and Dissertations

This study seeks to understand upper limb tremor in subjects with essential tremor (ET). A thorough understanding of tremor distribution will allow for the more effective development of tremor suppression devices, which offer an alternative to current treatments. Previous studies primarily focused on tremor in the hand only. This study seeks to characterize the distribution of tremor throughout the upper limb.We measured tremor in 25 subjects diagnosed with ET using motion capture, which provided displacement information of the limb during multiple postural and kinetic tasks. Inverse kinematics allowed us to analyze the motion capture data in the 7 major degrees …

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A Prediction Model Of Airline Passenger Preference: Identifying Factors That Predict Passenger Preference Between Low Cost And Legacy Carriers., Rian Mahiar Mehta Sep 2017

A Prediction Model Of Airline Passenger Preference: Identifying Factors That Predict Passenger Preference Between Low Cost And Legacy Carriers., Rian Mahiar Mehta

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the study was to identify factors that influence a commercial airline passenger’s preference between low-cost and legacy airline carriers. In turn a prediction model of passenger preference was created for American travelers. The study utilized a correlational design with linear multiple regression analyses as the statistical analyses to build the prediction model. The study was conducted in two stages utilizing two independent samples totaling 936 participants (379 females), all from the United States. Data from the first sample was used to create the regression equation for passenger preference. Data from the second sample was used to test …

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Vulnerability Model Of Residential Structures Subject To Hurricane Induced Wind, Surge And Inundation, Mohammad Baradaranshoraka Sep 2017

Vulnerability Model Of Residential Structures Subject To Hurricane Induced Wind, Surge And Inundation, Mohammad Baradaranshoraka

Theses and Dissertations

Annualized hurricane-related losses to the built environment in the United States are in the billions of dollars. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in 2010 39% of the United States population, or 123.3 million inhabitants, lived in a coastal county. This population is expected to increase by 8% from 2010 to 2020. The majority of these people live in buildings prone to hurricanes. The hurricanes can result in wind damage (due to high wind and/or wind-driven rain infiltration) and water damage (due to storm surge and waves or freshwater flooding) to the building and its contents, which are …

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Development And Investigation Of An Air Transportation Operations Safety Climate Scale, Matthew D. Roberts Sep 2017

Development And Investigation Of An Air Transportation Operations Safety Climate Scale, Matthew D. Roberts

Theses and Dissertations

Safety is of critical importance in many industries, and the US Air Force is no exception. Since 2005, the US Air Force has experienced more than 119 on-duty air and ground fatalities as well as 520 off-duty ground fatalities. One of the more dangerous environments in the U.S. Air Force and the civilian industry is air transportation operations where the fatal injury rate is higher than the national average. However, peer-reviewed safety research focusing on air transportation operations is practically non-existent, both in the military and civilian context. Therefore, safety research that helps us better understand how to shape safety …

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Improved Single Molecule Detection Platform Using A Buried Arrow Design, Thomas Allen Wall Sep 2017

Improved Single Molecule Detection Platform Using A Buried Arrow Design, Thomas Allen Wall

Theses and Dissertations

As the microelectronics industry pushes microfabrication processes further, the lab-on-a-chip field has continued to piggy-back off the industry's fabrication capabilities with the goal of producing total chemical and biological systems on small chip-size platforms. One important function of such systems is the ability to perform single molecule detection. There are currently many methods being researched for performing single molecule detection, both macro and micro in scale. This dissertation focuses on an optofluidic, lab-on-a-chip platform called the ARROW biosensor, which possesses several advantages over macro-scale single molecule detection platforms. These advantages include an amplification-free detection scheme, cheap parallel fabrication techniques, rapid …

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Internet Of Vehicles: Architecture, Applications, And Security Requirements Of Cognitive Radio Adhoc Vehicular Network, Sachin Sharma Aug 2017

Internet Of Vehicles: Architecture, Applications, And Security Requirements Of Cognitive Radio Adhoc Vehicular Network, Sachin Sharma

Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, the demand for spectrum has increased exponentially. Cognitive radio (CR) technology provides the capability to dynamically sense the spectrum for available channels, estimate them and select a good channel. This thesis introduces the concept of dynamic spectrum leasing methodology (DSLM), a paradigm based on game theoretic concepts. DSLM takes into account the demand for spectrum by secondary users and the willingness of primary users to relinquish spectrum in a restricted manner, making possible spectrum leasing as a long-term commercially viable concept. This thesis also introduces the notion of a Cognitive Radio Network Service Provider (CRNSP) and the …

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Learning Extreme Verification Latency Quickly With Importance Weighting: Fast Compose & Level_Iw, Muhammad Umer Aug 2017

Learning Extreme Verification Latency Quickly With Importance Weighting: Fast Compose & Level_Iw, Muhammad Umer

Theses and Dissertations

One of the more challenging real-world problems in computational intelligence is to learn from non-stationary streaming data, also known as concept drift. Perhaps even a more challenging version of this scenario is when -- following a small set of initial labeled data -- the data stream consists of unlabeled data only. Such a scenario is typically referred to as learning in initially labeled nonstationary environment, or simply as extreme verification latency (EVL). This thesis introduces two different algorithms to operate in this domain. One of these algorithms is a simple modification of our prior work, COMPOSE (COMPacted Object Sample Extraction), …

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Effects Of Flexible Substrates On The Performance Of Wearable Antennas, Ahmed Salam Kashkool Aug 2017

Effects Of Flexible Substrates On The Performance Of Wearable Antennas, Ahmed Salam Kashkool

Theses and Dissertations

Due to market trends and rapid development in the wireless technology, wearable devices are expected to become part of our daily life like Google Glass, health monitors, smart watches and so on. The electronics market has oriented toward portable and fancy flexible devices due to their invisibility, outstanding view and disposability. The past decade witnessed an extensive research focused on the development and optimisation of flexible displays. Flexible displays are considered as an appealing and promising technology due to their low profile, low cost, light weight, and portability. Wearable displays deemed as a promising technology applicable to a wide spectrum …

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Protecting Non-Public Information In Community Banks: A Study For Implementing Risk Based Framework For Protecting Non Public Personal Information, Bruce Lee Upton Aug 2017

Protecting Non-Public Information In Community Banks: A Study For Implementing Risk Based Framework For Protecting Non Public Personal Information, Bruce Lee Upton

Theses and Dissertations

In today’s world it seems that cyber hackers, cyber terrorists, and cyber activists make headlines almost every day. Information security has become a major concern for bankers from both a reputation and regulatory examination standpoint. Bank management is tasked to answer a litany of questions. Is my bank secure? What impact does this security have on productivity? What solutions are cost effective? What impact will a security breach have on my bank and respective customer base? Additionally, many bankers don’t have on-staff expertise to answer these questions. Having a framework where bankers can know how likely it is they will …

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Sequentially Rotated Virtual Antenna Array Using A Single Conducting Patch, Ali Isam Hammoodi Aug 2017

Sequentially Rotated Virtual Antenna Array Using A Single Conducting Patch, Ali Isam Hammoodi

Theses and Dissertations

Circularly polarized microstrip antennas are attractive due to their low profile, conformability, compatibility with MMIC, and low cost. Numerous circularly polarized microstrip antenna designs have been proposed to achieve high gain with an axial ratio typically less than 3 dB for a narrow range of elevation and azimuth angles around the boresight. One well-known and popular design approach is the sequentially rotated antenna array, in which sufficiently separated, arbitrarily polarized antenna elements and their excitation are progressively rotated and phase shifted in the spatial and temporal domains, respectively. Traditionally, the antenna elements must be excited by a separate feeding network …

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Satellite Propulsion Spectral Signature Detection And Analysis For Space Situational Awareness Using Small Telescopes, Pamela L. Wheeler Aug 2017

Satellite Propulsion Spectral Signature Detection And Analysis For Space Situational Awareness Using Small Telescopes, Pamela L. Wheeler

Theses and Dissertations

Safe satellite operations are of utmost importance. Maintaining precise orbital maintenance places stringent performance requirements on current propulsion systems, which are often electric propulsion systems. Electron temperature is a commonly used diagnostic to determine the performance of a Hall thruster, and recent work has correlated near infrared (NIR) spectral measurements of ionization lines of xenon and krypton to electron temperature measurements. In the research herein, appropriate line spectra ratios are identified for each propellant type when used with remote space-to-ground observations. NIR plume emissions were used to characterize a 600 Watt Hall thruster for a variety of observation angles and …

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Raman Spectroscopy Based Validation For Handheld Non-Invasive Glucose Measurement, Dong Jae Joo Aug 2017

Raman Spectroscopy Based Validation For Handheld Non-Invasive Glucose Measurement, Dong Jae Joo

Theses and Dissertations

Diabetes mellitus has been steadily increasing for the past three decades and has been one of the major causes of death. Diabetes may develop serious complications as well. Even though diabetes can be controlled without developing severe complications by steady checking of glucose level, the physical pain in pricking fingers and the emotional distress associated with using conventional invasive glucose meter make diabetics neglect self-monitoring of blood glucose. Hence, the improvement of non-invasive glucose measurement technology could give a huge effect on diabetes patient for not only improving health but also an economic benefit. However, no non-invasive glucose monitoring device …

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Systems Design Against Attacks: A Tri-Level Network Operation Model In Oil / Gas Production And Distribution, Mustafa Alassad Aug 2017

Systems Design Against Attacks: A Tri-Level Network Operation Model In Oil / Gas Production And Distribution, Mustafa Alassad

Theses and Dissertations

The oil and gas distribution networks are systems of external pipelines that are suffering from heterogeneous threats. Accordingly, hardening strategies against malicious attacks are discussed, where a tri-level leader-follower-operator game is established for determining the optimum fortification tactics to protect the critical assets considering the defender’s limited resources. In addition, the shared cognition concept is mathematically modeled by including defender’s deception. The resulted multi-origin(O)-destination(D) mixed integer nonlinear programming problem is decomposed into a master and sub-problem for illustrating the defender-operator and attacker-operator respectively. Furthermore, the bi-level sub-problem is successfully converted to a single level via duality theorem. In light of …

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