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Articles 451 - 480 of 11496
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Longitudinal Analysis Of Evergreen Forest Cover Dynamics In The Great Salt Lake Basin: A Landsat-Based Stochastic Classification Approach And Comparative Assessment With The National Land Cover Dataset, Kaleb Markert
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation presents an investigation into the changes of evergreen forest cover within the Great Salt Lake Basin and its implications for regional water resources. Utilizing a Random Forest Classifier (RFC) model trained on Landsat imagery, this research developed a methodology to map and track changes in evergreen forest coverage over the period from 1984 to 2019. The initial phase of this study focused on the development of model trained within the Bear Lake sub-basin, demonstrating the feasibility of the method for analysis of coniferous coverage. The model incorporated summer and winter Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to enhance the …
Frost Heave Of Clayey Soils Treated With Cement Or Lime, Ammon K. Hymas
Frost Heave Of Clayey Soils Treated With Cement Or Lime, Ammon K. Hymas
Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this research was to measure and compare the effects of portland cement and lime at low, medium, and high concentrations on the frost-heave susceptibility of multiple clayey soils with varying plasticity indices. The scope of work included laboratory frost-heave testing of three clayey soils sampled from Monticello, Utah; Bloomington, Indiana; and San Antonio, Texas. Each soil was tested with two stabilizers, cement or lime, at three concentrations, as well as with no treatment. Two replicate samples were prepared for each combination, for a total of 42 specimens. The frost-heave testing procedures for this research involved preparing specimen …
Hydrologic Decision Support In The Nile Basin: Creating Status And Outlook Products From The Geoglows Hydrologic Model, Rachel Huber
Hydrologic Decision Support In The Nile Basin: Creating Status And Outlook Products From The Geoglows Hydrologic Model, Rachel Huber
Theses and Dissertations
Decision makers and stakeholders need information about current and future streamflow to make informed decisions and we show how the GEOGLOWS Hydrologic Model, known as River Forecast System (RFS), can be used to provide hydrologic status and outlook products to inform these decisions. We examine a specific use case of RFS in the Nile River Basin and how RFS is used to provide users with hydrologic status products. We work with stakeholders at the Nile Basin Initiative to assess their needs for this information. We use basic low flow calculations to compute the Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI) and the 95th …
Systematic Analysis On The Applications Of Infrastructure Asset Management In Utah, Kelvin Kozakevitch
Systematic Analysis On The Applications Of Infrastructure Asset Management In Utah, Kelvin Kozakevitch
Theses and Dissertations
Public infrastructure is essential to a region’s economic stability and quality of life, especially its rural infrastructure where most consumable and essential goods derive from. Given the high capital investment required for infrastructure development and maintenance, asset management plans (IAM) are critical. Even though academic research exists on the problems rural infrastructure management face, little is known about the actual state, barriers and causes for the challenges IAM faces in rural Utah. This study examines the current challenges and barriers in IAM among rural communities in Utah. Employing a grounded theory approach, data was collected through a two-phase methodology: phase …
Enabling Next-Generation Microfluidics Through Advances In High-Resolution 3d Printing, Matthew S. Viglione
Enabling Next-Generation Microfluidics Through Advances In High-Resolution 3d Printing, Matthew S. Viglione
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation advances the field of microfluidic device fabrication through the development and application of high-resolution 3D printing technologies. The convergence of stereolithography (SLA) with digital light processing (DLP) has created unprecedented opportunities for microfluidic device fabrication, enabling truly three-dimensional structures with feature sizes approaching the single-micron scale. Building upon foundational work in custom 3D printer development, this research addresses critical limitations in 3D printing that have historically constrained microfluidic innovation, spanning multiple generations of custom 3D printers and technical innovations that have enabled the fabrication of increasingly complex microfluidic devices while enhancing resolution, repeatability, speed, and accessibility. A comprehensive …
A Low-Cost Micro Actuator Driven By Electrowetting-On-Dielectric, Behzad Parsi
A Low-Cost Micro Actuator Driven By Electrowetting-On-Dielectric, Behzad Parsi
Theses and Dissertations
Microfluidic techniques have been shown to address limitations of reconfigurable radio frequency (RF) antennas and filters in efficiency, power handling capability, cost, and frequency tuning. However, the current devices suffer from significant integration challenges associated with packaging, actuation, and control. Recent advances in reconfigurable microfluidics that utilize the motion of a selectively metalized plate (SMP) for RF tuning have demonstrated promising RF capabilities but have exposed a need for an accurate fluid actuation model. This research presents models for the dynamics of plate actuation under multiple scenarios. In the first phase, the mechanical motion of a moving plate (e.g. SMP) …
Heavy Ion Testing Of Versal Acap Ai Engines, Caleb S. Price
Heavy Ion Testing Of Versal Acap Ai Engines, Caleb S. Price
Theses and Dissertations
With recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI), there has been an ever increasing need for computation power in space. These AI models are traditionally implemented on GPUs. However, these units come at a high cost in terms of weight and power usage. Due to these limitations, many organizations are turning to the Versal ACAP device, a system on chip (SOC) with hundreds of AI engines. This option delivers more computation per watt than a traditional GPU. The desire to use Versal ACAP in space has created a need to perform radiation testing on the device. Extensive testing has been performed …
Gnss-Denied Navigation Using Lte Signals Of Opportunity On Low-Cost, Low-Swap Hardware, Tyler Sweat
Gnss-Denied Navigation Using Lte Signals Of Opportunity On Low-Cost, Low-Swap Hardware, Tyler Sweat
Theses and Dissertations
Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) navigation is crucial in the operation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). GNSS signals are susceptible to jamming, spoofing, multipath, and urban canyons and may provide incorrect position information or may not be available at all. For autonomous missions, a backup for GNSS is desirable in the event that it is unavailable. Terrestrial cellular signals are a promising option for navigation because they are continuously transmitted at higher power levels. Optimizing hardware size, weight, and power (SWaP) is critical for UAVs to maximize endurance, payload capacity, and operational efficiency. We present a system that uses long-term …
Measuring The Effects Of The Leaves On Stalk Strength And Dynamic Response In Maize, Grant C. Ogilvie
Measuring The Effects Of The Leaves On Stalk Strength And Dynamic Response In Maize, Grant C. Ogilvie
Theses and Dissertations
Maize is one of the most widely cultivated grains in the world, making it crucial to world food security and important economically. One major problem in maize production is stalk lodging (greensnap), which results in billions of dollars in lost harvests annually for maize farmers in the US alone. Understanding the mechanical properties of maize plants is crucial to addressing this problem. Previous studies have suggested that the leaf blades and leaf sheaths affect maize mechanical properties. The objectives of this thesis are twofold: to present measurement techniques for the stalk bending strength, damping ratio, and natural frequency of maize …
A Novel Wrench Decomposition And Development Of A Large-Scale Soft Robot For Displacement-Based Human-Robot Collaborative Manipulation, Dallin Cordon
A Novel Wrench Decomposition And Development Of A Large-Scale Soft Robot For Displacement-Based Human-Robot Collaborative Manipulation, Dallin Cordon
Theses and Dissertations
This work represents an examination of various facets of physical human-robot collaborative manipulation and the implementation of compliant, soft-robotic manipulators. A survey of physical human-human interaction and haptic communication is presented, alongside an investigation into the decomposition of force and torque components that enable effective human-robot collaboration. To address the inconsistent terminology found in previous literature, a standardized framework for force decomposition is proposed. A new taxonomy is introduced to categorize the force components involved in collaborative manipulation tasks. This taxonomy clarifies the role of each component in an agent's applied force during task execution and provides a structured framework …
Testing And Modeling Of Nonlinearities In Riveted And Bolted Structures, Joshua E. Blackham
Testing And Modeling Of Nonlinearities In Riveted And Bolted Structures, Joshua E. Blackham
Theses and Dissertations
Joints are difficult to model because of various small-scale and nonlinear features, such as local geometry, preload, friction and contact. These features cause a local change in stiffness and energy dissipation which result in changes in the effective natural frequency and damping of the whole structure. Past studies have found good success using nonlinear Iwan elements as whole joint models for bolted joints in a few different structures. In Chapter 3, a similar approach is proposed for modeling riveted joints, which seeks to capture the vibrational response of a test structure including changes in the effective modal frequency and damping …
Wind Collapse Risk And Serviceability Drift Of Steel Concentrically Braced Frame Buildings, Sarah Corrinne Partington Cluff
Wind Collapse Risk And Serviceability Drift Of Steel Concentrically Braced Frame Buildings, Sarah Corrinne Partington Cluff
Theses and Dissertations
Seismic design provisions use the ductility and reserve strength of the lateral structural system to reduce the loads used in design, making the structural design more economical while maintaining life safety. In contrast, current wind design provisions do not. Conventional wind design relies primarily on elastic behavior. The objective of this study is to determine a wind response modification factor for steel concentrically braced frames that could be applied to reduce wind design loads based on ductility and reserve strength, while still meeting drift requirements for serviceability of the structure. To achieve the objective, three types of ductile braced frames …
Steps Towards Effective Human-Robot Co-Manipulation Through Real-Time Modus Detection And Effects Of Stiffness Variation For Human-Soft-Robot Dyads, Shaden Moss
Theses and Dissertations
A group of individuals can coordinate very easily to carry a large or heavy object together. This act of collaborative carrying is called co-manipulation. Unlike human teammates, robots cannot easily detect and respond to the intent of human partners during co-manipulation tasks. This shortcoming can be compensated for via the physical design and the software design of robots. This work treats software design with a neural net that detects human modus (or the manner in which a team moves an object together) in real time. This work treats physical design with the use of a soft robot in human-robot co-manipulation, …
Improving Devices To Measure The Thermal Conductivity Of Molten Halide Salts, Ryan J. Ruth
Improving Devices To Measure The Thermal Conductivity Of Molten Halide Salts, Ryan J. Ruth
Theses and Dissertations
Molten salts are of high interest for use in nuclear reactors, though their thermophysical properties are notoriously hard to measure due to the extreme conditions created by them. Significant gaps remain in thermal conductivity and heat capacity data, which this work seeks to fill by improving the Needle Probe-a modified transient hot wire probe originally used by Merritt et al to measure the thermal conductivity of FLiNaK- measuring two new salts, and exploring new materials for use with molten salts. Improvements made to the Needle Probe include automation to reduce human error, more accurate heat generation modeling, a more thorough …
Strength And Ductility Of Rod-Braced Diaphragms In Metal Building Systems Subjected To Earthquake Ground Motions, James Niedens
Strength And Ductility Of Rod-Braced Diaphragms In Metal Building Systems Subjected To Earthquake Ground Motions, James Niedens
Theses and Dissertations
Metal building systems are a common form of construction but the behavior of roof diaphragms in metal buildings that are subjected to earthquake ground motions is not entirely understood. In this study, the strength and ductility of rod-braced diaphragms with hillside washer connections or rod-pad connections was determined using experimental tests and computer simulation. Tensile tests of rods were used to determine the effect of the type of rod on strength and ductility. Two types of rods were tested, full-body rods with cut threads at each end of the rod and bracing rods with rolled threads. Three rod sizes (5/8 …
Using Human Computation And Harmonic Expansions For Characterization And Design Of Grain Boundary Networks, Christopher W. Adair
Using Human Computation And Harmonic Expansions For Characterization And Design Of Grain Boundary Networks, Christopher W. Adair
Theses and Dissertations
Grain Boundary Networks (GBNs) are a high-dimensional feature in polycrystalline microstructural materials that are formed from the crystallographic degrees of freedom. This feature affects multiple material properties such as diffusivity, fracture, elasticity, heat transfer, and others. The link between the crystallography and the material properties is called the structure-property linkage, and allows for simulation and design of materials. While it is possible to use the structure-property linkage to design materials for better performance, the high-dimensional nature of the interconnected grain boundaries preclude the use of many common optimization algorithms for efficiency or local minima considerations. This work shows how the …
Integrating Temperature-Dependent Tissue Properties Into Hifu Computational Models For Enhanced Treatment Planning, Christian Kevin Valencia Narva
Integrating Temperature-Dependent Tissue Properties Into Hifu Computational Models For Enhanced Treatment Planning, Christian Kevin Valencia Narva
Theses and Dissertations
Objective: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a non-invasive therapy that ablates diseased tissues with high precision. Computational simulations using the Pennes Bioheat Transfer Equation (PBTE) can guide HIFU treatment by predicting temperature distributions and thermal dose volumes. Traditional simulations assume constant thermal and acoustic properties, which may oversimplify tissue behavior. Methods: This study evaluates the impact of integrating temperature-dependent thermal properties (thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and perfusion) in finite-difference time-domain HIFU simulations. Three scenarios were simulated: (1) a homogeneous liver with both high- and low-power sonications, (2) a rabbit thigh muscle validated against preclinical MRTI data, and (3) an …
Development And Evaluation Of Canbench: A Testbed For Assessing The Security Of Automotive Can Buses, Trevor S. Mcclellan
Development And Evaluation Of Canbench: A Testbed For Assessing The Security Of Automotive Can Buses, Trevor S. Mcclellan
Theses and Dissertations
Modern vehicles rely heavily on electronic control units (ECUs) that communicate via the controller area network (CAN) bus, a protocol developed in the 1980s with minimal security considerations. The growing number of ECUs has heightened the risk of cyberattacks on vehicles. Although CAN bus security has been extensively researched, the CAN standard still lacks built-in security measures. Furthermore, testing proposed security mechanisms is challenging due to the proprietary nature of automotive systems. To address this, an open-source physical testbed was developed using inexpensive, off-the-shelf components to support automotive CAN bus security research. The testbed provides a controlled environment for simulating …
Analysis Of Radial Inlet Distortion On Transonic Fan Performance, Tyler M. Reedy
Analysis Of Radial Inlet Distortion On Transonic Fan Performance, Tyler M. Reedy
Theses and Dissertations
Improving fan design and performance prediction requires an understanding of the impacts of inlet distortions. Inlet distortion describes any non-uniform distribution in the flow, usually referring to deviations in pressure and temperature. Using full annulus Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (URANS) simulations, the effects of both hub and tip radial distortions on the Air Force Research Lab (AFRL) Rotor 4 fan are analyzed. Overall performance, total pressure (Pt) distortion transfer, and total temperature (Tt) distortion generation are presented and compared for three operating points: near-stall, design, and choke. Hub radial inlet distortion magnitudes of 15% and 20%, and a tip radial …
The Development Of Electroanalytical Methods For Molten Salt Mixtures Under Static And Flowing Conditions, Ranon Fuller
The Development Of Electroanalytical Methods For Molten Salt Mixtures Under Static And Flowing Conditions, Ranon Fuller
Theses and Dissertations
Electroanalytical methods have the potential to characterize molten salt systems in situ, determine physical properties such as diffusion coefficients and standard potentials, and measure kinetic and corrosion rates. Due to experimental difficulties of working with molten salts including high temperatures and high natural convection, transport, kinetic, and corrosion rates, many precise, consistent methods have yet to be established. In this work, we describe methods to precisely calculate standard reduction potentials, characterize molten salt solutions containing multiple lanthanides by reduction potentials and metal deposition mechanisms, calculate the number of electrons exchanged in metal deposition using SWV, calculate diffusion coefficients using CV, …
An Analysis Of The Encryption Algorithms Proposed For The Mqtt Protocol On Resource Constrained Iot Devices, John Joseph Keenan
An Analysis Of The Encryption Algorithms Proposed For The Mqtt Protocol On Resource Constrained Iot Devices, John Joseph Keenan
Theses and Dissertations
As more IoT devices are used to gather data and automate devices throughout the world, more security solutions are needed to keep these devices and the data they transmit secure. Many of these devices use the MQTT protocol, which does not encrypt the transferred data by default. The TLS/SSL protocols are the standard proposed solution for encrypting this traffic, but many resource constrained IoT devices do not have enough resources to run these protocols efficiently. Because of this, many other encryption algorithms have been proposed or designed for resource constrained IoT devices running the MQTT protocol, but very limited research …
Reconstruction From Variable Aperture Measurements Using Band-Limited Inversion Algorithms, Harrison C. Garrett
Reconstruction From Variable Aperture Measurements Using Band-Limited Inversion Algorithms, Harrison C. Garrett
Theses and Dissertations
The signal reconstruction process from discrete samples is inherently band-limited due to the limited amount of spectral content in the discrete set of measurements. In the case of 1D sampling using ideal measurements, the maximum bandwidth of regular and irregular sampling is well known using Nyquist and Gröchenig sampling theorems and lemmas, respectively. However, determining the appropriate reconstruction bandwidth becomes difficult when considering 2D sampling geometries, samples with variable apertures, or signal to noise ratio limitations. Instead of determining the maximum bandwidth a priori, this thesis introduces the use of a bandlimited inverse to simultaneously reconstruct a signal and determine …
Empowering Local Water Resources Managers With Global Hydrological Model Information Through Bias Correction Of Their In-Situ Data Using Saber, Yubin Baaniya
Theses and Dissertations
There is an increase in the frequency and intensity of water related natural disasters driven by climate change and human activities. While satellite data provides extensive coverage of many climatic variables, streamflow monitoring remains inadequate for effectively responding to water-related hazards, particularly in developing regions that lack integrated gauge networks. This study evaluates how incorporating local streamflow gauge data enhances bias correction of the GEOGLOWS Hydrologic Model (RFS) in gauged and ungauged basins using the Stream Analysis for Bias Estimation and Reduction (SABER) method. We analyzed approximately 19,200 gauge stations globally, using machine learning, spatial analysis and Flow Duration Curve …
Assessing The Feasibility Of Transportable Nuclear Reactors: A Radiological Risk Case Study, Robert John Demuth
Assessing The Feasibility Of Transportable Nuclear Reactors: A Radiological Risk Case Study, Robert John Demuth
Theses and Dissertations
The feasibility of a truly transportable nuclear reactor presents significant radiological challenges that must be addressed to ensure compliance with regulatory limits and operational safety. This study evaluates the radiological constraints associated with the transportability of the Transportable Helium-cooled One-megawatt Reactor (THOR), focusing on neutron activation, shielding performance, and external radiation exposure. Using advanced radiation transport and activation modeling within the SCALE framework, a comprehensive analysis was conducted to quantify dose rates during operation, post-shutdown, and transport. A key aspect of this work involved assessing activation products in core materials, auxiliary components, and surrounding environments to determine their contribution to …
Automated Fiber Placement Laminate Level Optimization: A Physics-Inspired Method To Analyze Through-Thickness Defect Interactions, Nishan Patel
Theses and Dissertations
With the growing adoption of composite materials in industries such as aerospace, automotive, naval, wind energy, and even sectors like sports and consumer goods, there has been a strong push towards improving manufacturing reliability and productivity. One key method that has gained significant traction is Automated Fiber Placement (AFP), an additive manufacturing technique valued for its precision, efficiency, and adaptability in producing complex composite parts. As industries continue to shift from traditional metal-based structures to more advanced composite materials, the need for efficient and high- quality manufacturing solutions has become even more critical, prompting a focus on automation and optimization …
Explainable And Reduced-Feature Machine Learning Models For Shape And Drag Prediction Of A Freely Moving Drop In The Sub-Critical Weber Number Regime, Md Amanullah Kabir Tonmoy
Explainable And Reduced-Feature Machine Learning Models For Shape And Drag Prediction Of A Freely Moving Drop In The Sub-Critical Weber Number Regime, Md Amanullah Kabir Tonmoy
Theses and Dissertations
Accurately predicting the shape and drag of a moving drop is crucial in many spray applications. However, due to the complex interaction between the drag force and drop shape deformation, accurate prediction of drop shape and drag from Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation requires large computational resources and time. A novel data-driven approach using NARXNN (Non-linear Auto Regressive eXogenous input Neural Network) is proposed in this study, which recurrently predicts the drop shape and drag for a given Weber number (We) and Reynolds number (Re), in the sub-critical We regime where there is no drop breakup. The average error in …
Understanding Water Washing Needs Of Hydrochar Generated From The Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Food Wastes To Establish Minimum Post-Processing Needs For Soil Amendment Application, Neve Renee Steger
Theses and Dissertations
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an advantageous and potentially environmentally beneficial approach for the conversion of wet biomass and waste streams into a value-added solid product referred to as hydrochar. Although hydrochar composition and properties generated from the carbonization of a variety of feedstocks have been well studied, there is a need for understanding whether hydrochar requires further refinement and/or treatment prior to being used in environmental applications, particularly when using the hydrochar as a soil amendment. Understanding the need for and extent of hydrochar post-treatment is critical in identifying environmentally beneficial and economically attractive strategies for hydrochar use. In this …
Frequency-Based Rapid Structural Damage Detection Using Embedded Edge Computing On Resource-Constrained Devices, Ryan Yount
Theses and Dissertations
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is essential for ensuring reliability and longevity of useful structures. Traditional SHM approaches rely on manual or remote data transmission and external processing, which introduce latency and can depend on stable communication links. This work aims to advance SHM by integrating edge-computing techniques for rapid damage detection to enable faster and more autonomous structural assessments in resource-constrained environments. The research spans three key contributions including 1) frequency-based damage detection of civil structures using a sensor package with the addition of an edge processor, 2) additions to the computational efficiency of the edge-computing sensor package in a …
Cross-Layer Design And Optimization Of Analog In-Memory Computing Systems, Md Hasibul Amin
Cross-Layer Design And Optimization Of Analog In-Memory Computing Systems, Md Hasibul Amin
Theses and Dissertations
There has been a rapid growth in the computational demands of machine learning (ML) workloads in recent days. Conventional von Neumann architectures are not capable of keeping up with the high cost of data movement between the processor and memory, well-known as memory wall problem. In-memory computing (IMC) has been focused as a solution by the researchers, where the computation is performed inside the memory devices such as SRAM, MRAM, RRAM etc. Most commonly, the memory devices are arranged in a crossbar setting where the matrixvector multiplication (MVM) operation is performed through intrinsic parallelism of analog computations. The conventional IMC …
Hybrid Machine Learning And Comparison Error Minimization For Frequency Domain-Based Rapid State Estimation In Structures Subjected To High-Rate Boundary Change, James Scheppegrell
Hybrid Machine Learning And Comparison Error Minimization For Frequency Domain-Based Rapid State Estimation In Structures Subjected To High-Rate Boundary Change, James Scheppegrell
Theses and Dissertations
Dynamic forces and evolving structural boundary conditions pose challenges for various structural systems such as aircraft, orbital infrastructure, and energy harvesting devices. The design, evaluation, and functionality, of such systems can be aided through the collection and analysis of data. However, real-time decision-making for systems experiencing high-rate changes can pose unique challenges, if assessments are to be made accurately and rapidly enough to be relevant. In cases where the systems are well-defined and thoroughly understood, monitoring the frequency response can be instrumental in determining the state of structures subjected to high-rate structural boundary condition changes. This study focuses on investigating …