Engineering Commons^™

Investigation Of The Pl Cebus Performance With And Without Acknowledgment, Menghan Pan

Theses

The power line implementation of the consumer electronic bus (PL CEBUS) is a promising and inexpensive approach for home automation. Since the intro¬duction of the PL CEBUS standards, there has been increasing efforts on evaluating its performance. However, all the works have been performed for unacknowledged networks. This thesis presents the first successful evaluation of the PL CEBUS with acknowledment. Three different cases, namely, 600, 300 and 100 bits packet sizes, have been considered. The evaluation included the simulation of performance parameters such as message and packet delays, message throughput, and channel throughput. Acknowledged network performance has been confirmed to …

An Application Of Neural Networks To Statistical Process Control, Asterios Papaikonomou

Theses

Recent changes in the past World War II economy have produced a more educated, value driven customer. A global economy has emerged to technological advances which has made competition fierce as well as proximate. As a result, manufacturing companies are required to provide consumers with quality products at a reasonable cost. A quality product is defined as one that fulfills the needs and expectations of the consumer and provides him with a sense of value.

Since all companies want to provide quality products, the reason why poor quality is sometimes the result is not the outcome of actions for that …

Real Time Control Of A Dual Resonator System, Penghuai Shen

Theses

An experimental multi-resonator system has been developed to study modelling and robust control of such systems in a real-time environment. The plant to be controlled consists of a pair of interconnected resonators whose resonant frequency and plant structure are known. The control objectives are to provide closed loop stability and asymptotic regulation of the frequency, gain and phase of each of the resonators. Furthermore, it is desired to use a minimal controller configuration so as to reduce implementational complexity.

The theoretical results follow directly the paper " Decentralized Robust Control of Interconnected Resonators" written by my advisor Dr. Timothy N. …

Evaluation Of Collision Properties Of Spheres Using High-Speed Video Analysis, Jian Yu

Theses

Experimental evaluation of the collision properties of spheres is performed using video image analysis techniques. A high-speed Kodak EktaPro1000 video camera is utilized to record a collision sequence between two spheres at 1000 frames/sec, and then the images are analyzed to calculate three dimensional translation and rotation before and after the collision. These quantities are used to compute the collision properties for a pair of one inch nylon spheres, i.e. the coefficient of friction, and the coefficients of normal and tangential restitution. The focus of the thesis is on image analysis techniques that provide high accuracy results even though the …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Silicon Nitride Films Deposited By Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Using Diethylsilane, Yanyao Yu

Theses

Silicon nitride thin films were deposited on silicon substrates using Diethylsilane (DES) and ammonia by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) over a temperature range of 100 - 300°C, a pressure range of 0.2 - 0.6 torr, and a ratio of NH₃/DES was varied from 6 - 26. The R.F. power and frequency were kept at 0.15 watts/cm^{2 and 100 KHz respectively. DES flow rate was set at 15 sccm for all experiments in this study. One set of experiments were performed at different values of one parameter while the other parameters were kept constant.}

The deposition …

Traffic Management Of A Satellite Communication Network Using Stochastic Optimization, Ambalavanar Arulambalam

Theses

The performance of nonhierachial circuit switched networks at moderate load conditions is improved when alternate routes are made available. However, alternate routes introduce instability under heavy and overloaded conditions, and under these load conditions network performance is found to deteriorate. To alleviate this problem, a control mechanism is used where, a fraction of the capacity of each link is reserved for direct routed calls.

In this work, a traffic management scheme is developed to enhance the performance of a mesh-connected, circuit-switched satellite communication network. The network load is measured and the network is continually adapted by reconfiguring the map to …

Design Of Mask For Striped Filters And Thin-Film Multi-Layer Emissivity Modeling For Multi-Wavelength Imaging Pyrometer, Jitesh Navinchandra Shah

Theses

Multi-Wavelength Imaging Pyrometry (M-WIP) measures thermal radiation of any target (color or gray) in multiple narrow-spectral-regions and can simultaneously determine target temperature and emissivity. One approach for measuring radiation at multiple wavelengths using a 320X244 element Pt-Si SBD infrared camera is to use narrow-band striped filters deposited on a transparent substrate with proper alignment. The major focus of this thesis was the design of a four layer mask for investigating the feasibility of defining three-wavelength striped filters compatible with focal plane array. This mask design allows twelve distinct narrow band striped filter geometries and four test-patterns on a 4-inch silicon …

Modeling Of Rapid Thermal Processing System By Finite Element Method, Helen Martynov

Theses

A finite element model for the Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP) system at NJIT was developed based on the software package MSC/NASTRAN. Based on this model, a thermal analysis of the 9" chamber, 3 zones (37 lamps) RTP system was conducted for various modes of system operation with the 6" silicon wafer temperature varying from 300°K to 1100°K. An open-loop control algorithm was developed in order to study the dependence of wafer temperature on time, position, and applied radiant heat distribution. It was shown that the non-uniformity in the radial temperature profile can be less than 3°C during wafer heating at …

A Parallel Processing Architecture For Dqdb Protocol Implementation, Nilesh Vinubhai Gandhi

Theses

The high bandwidth transmission links, which have been provided by the advances of Fiber Optics Technology, reduce drastically the packet transmission times and place new demands on the nodal protocol processing. Segmentation and reassembly of packets, computation of checksums, introduction of source and destination addresses, etc., must be performed extremely fast in order to prevent node processing from becoming the bottleneck of the transmission. Parallel processing enables the execution of the previous tasks on multiple packets simultaneously and therefore has the potential of addressing the issue of fast node processing successfully. In this thesis we focus on the Medium Access …

An Analysis Of A Custom Expanding Total Femoral Prosthesis With A Rotating Hinge Knee, Ramarao Gundlapalli, V. Gundlapalli

Theses

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in the pediatric age group. This thesis presents the analysis of a total femoral prosthesis implanted in a 9 year old black male. The design includes a bipolar, expanding mid-shaft component, and a rotating hinge knee used in the reconstruction of the patient's right lower limb after surgical resection of the femur. The areas being analyzed are (i) the trochanteric attachment, (ii) the expanding component, and (iii) the rotating hinge knee. The stresses acting on the cables reconnecting the greater and lesser trochanter were determined for bipedal stance, single-legged stance, stance phase …

A High-Temperature Pressure Sensor Utilizing Linear Voltage Differential Transformer (Lvdt) And Silicon Wafer-To-Wafer Fusion Bonding Technologies, Robert Sylvester Okojie

Theses

A novel high-temperature pressure sensor was designed based on the principle of magnetic induction. The device is meant to correct the problems inherent in conventional Solid-State pressure transducers such as piezoresistive and capacitive at temperatures above 300°C. Prominent among these problems are increased leakage current, reduced absolute sensitivity, redistributed impurity concentration profile, and thermal mismatch.

This thesis combined the Biot Savart magnetostatic principle and the theory of deflecting clamped circular plates to obtain the microelectromechanical relationship. The problem of thermal mismatch was resolved by the symmetrical layering of a Si₃N₄/TaSi₂/Si₃N₄ sandwich, …

Agitation Requirements For Complete Liquid Dispersion In Liquid-Liquid-Gas Systems, Emad Ahmad Abu-Hakmeh

Theses

A number of studies have been published in the literature on the determination of the agitation intensity at which two immiscible liquids become completely dispersed in mechanically agitated vessels. However, no information is currently available on the agitation intensity required for the complete dispersion of two liquids in the presence of an additional gas phase. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to experimentally determine the minimum agitation speed for complete liquid-liquid dispersion, N_cd, in liquid-liquid-gas systems as a function of gas flow rate, impeller type, impeller size, and impeller off-bottom clearance. The minimum agitation speed was …

Detection Of Planar Facets In Noisy Range Images, Ajey S. Atre

Theses

Segmentation of the image is one of the major tasks of a machine vision system designed for constructing a three-dimensional representation of the object being imaged. A robust approach for segmenting planar surfaces from range images is presented in this paper. An algorithm based on clustering through fuzzy covariance matrices, which has been proposed by Gustafson and Kessel is considered for planar segmentation. However this algorithm performs poorly if the data is noisy, which is usually the case in real life applications. In order to handle noisy data, a robust modification, based on the "noise clustering" concept, is introduced to …

Attachment Systems For Curtain Wall Construction And Maintenance Requirements, Peter S. Donaghy

Theses

Curtain Wall construction has become a familiar and widely used method for enclosing structures. Since the 1950's this type of enclosure has become increasingly the most popular choice of Designers and Builders. During this period of development, however, acceptable and uniform building standards have not evolved to create adequate quality control.

This thesis investigates some of the design requirements of Curtain Walls, in particular the attachment system, and the maintenance costs that are directly related to the attachment system and the consequences of such failures.

Rigorous Te Solution To The Staircase Model Of The Dielectric Wedge Antenna, Wan-Yu Chen

Theses

The rigorous TE solution to the staircase model of the dielectric wedge antenna is presented. The fundamental, even TE surface wave mode of the dielectric slab waveguide is taken to excite a dielectric wedge which is formed by symmetrically tapering the slab. The method of solution is based on Marcuse's step-transition method. Radiation patterns of power gain are presented which show increased maximum power gains and narrower main lobe beamwidths for longer wedges. For higher dielectric constant material, the main lobe beamwidth is increased. In all cases examined, negligible sidelobes were obtained.

Computer Assisted Molecular Modeling Of Thymidine Nucleoside Analog Inhibitors Of Hiv-1 Reverse Transcriptase, Mark A. Fisher

Theses

An active analog approach to receptor mapping was used to identify the three dimensional structural characteristics associated with a series of thymidine nucleoside analog inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) that may be essential for their activity. Atomic substitutions at the 5 and 3' positions of nucleoside analogs confer global structural and electrostatic changes that result in either increased or diminished inhibitory activity. From a structural perspective, the activity differences can be attributed to the presentation of select atoms in three dimensional motifs that are common to all active compounds and absent or distorted in inactive/poorly active compounds.

The identification …

Laser Ablation Of Silicon Surfaces : The Effects Of A Low Level Background Light, Taposh Kumar Gayen

Theses

The performance of high speed optoelectronic and microelectronic devices largely depends on the uniqueness and development of the fabrication technology. Laser ablation has proven to be an effective three dimensional surface patterning technology. In this thesis, we present findings on the patterning of semiconductor surfaces using laser ablation in air as well as in solutions.

In this thesis, we suggest that the depth of a pattern induced on silicon by firing a pulsed excimer laser in air varies almost linearly with the number of pulses. We report that a He-Ne laser as a background light source has virtually little or …

An Efficient Guaranteed Bandwidth And Balancing Mechanism For High Speed Mans, Venediktos Hadjisavvas

Theses

The Distributed Queue Dual Bus (DQDB) has become the IEEE 802.6 stan-dard for Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs). The main advantage of DQDB is that its throughput performance is not affected by the network parameters such as size, number of connected stations, or channel bandwidth. Its main drawback is that the location of the stations on the bus strongly affects their performance. For this reason a Bandwidth Balancing Mechanism (BBM_DQDB) has been proposed and included in the 802.6 standard that can provide the requested bandwidth by the lightly loaded stations and evenly distribute the remaining bandwidth among the overloaded stations. The …

Processing And Application Of Polyolefin Plastics, Muhammad Khalid

Theses

This thesis describes the manufacturing, processing and application of polyolefin thermoplastics. Polyolefins have become one of the most important kinds of plastics. Polyolefin resin represents about one third of all plastics sold and its application for films and containers dominate the packaging industry. The objective of this thesis is to present the various processing methods and application of polyolefin thermoplastics. Polyolefin is produced by several different processes. Conventional low density polyethylene is made by polymerizing ethylene at high pressure and high temperatures while high density polyethylene is polymerized at relatively low pressure and low temperatures. Generally all polyolefin possess excellent …

Local Stress Factors Of Pipe-Nozzle Due To Radial Load, Circumferential And Longitudinal Moments, Junyu Lin

Theses

This thesis presents a series of stress factor data which provide more detailed information for the calculation of local stresses at the nozzle region, as well as the pipe region, of a pipe-nozzle intersection, subjected to an external radial load, circumferential bending moment, and longitudinal bending moment, respectively.

The pipe and nozzle thicknesses are assumed to be identical. Numerical solutions are obtained through the use of the finite element method. In obtaining the numerical solutions via ANSYS, the quadrilateral element is used to simulate the thin shell pipe-nozzle geometries. The local stresses, at eight different points on both the pipe …

Radiation From A Tapered Dielectric Rod Antenna, Anil Prabhakar

Theses

The radiation fields from a cylindrical dielectric taper is studied. The numerical results of a theoretical model for a taper excited by the dominant HEn mode is compared with experimental measurements. A theoretical mode] for the next propa¬gating mode in the structure. the TE01 mode. is investigated and numerical results based on this proposed model are generated. The theoretical models are based upon the combination of the exact modal field solutions for a step profile cylindrical dielectric rod waveguide. local mode Hum-T. and the equivalence principle for the determination of equivalent current densities.

The far-zone radiation field is considered to …

Optimization Of Flow In The Collecting Duct During The Concentrating Mode And The Diluting Mode In A Nephron Population Of Two Different Length With The Renin Angiotensin System And Adh Mechanism, Sivakumar Subramanian

Theses

Our present study is to find out how the short and long nephrons are interacting in the human kidney to adjust the flow in the collecting duct to have the maximum flow during the diluting mode and minimum flow during the concentrating mode. The best lengths for the short nephron and long nephron are calculated during the concentrating mode and the diluting mode by using the Newton-Raphson method. If one wants the kidney to perform only the above mentioned functions, a design criteria for an artificial kidney has been proposed. These studies have provided qualitative information regarding the concentrating mechanism …

Linear Ccd Motion Detection System, Thekepat J. Sudesh

Theses

The mechanical response to electrical stimuli of the human membrane represents an important area of research in medicine. A linear sensing system was designed and fabricated to measure the displacements (along a specified direction) and the frequency response of a ear membrane, the Outer Hair Cell (OHC). The output of this system was a voltage proportional to the instantaneous position of the bimorph and could be displayed on an oscilloscope.

The system consisted of optics to project the image of the vibrating membrane onto a Linear CCD Camera and electronic analog and digital circuitry which produced an instantaneous voltage proportional …

Hardware Design For Jpeg And A Comparative Study Of Jpeg And Mpeg Image Compression Algorithms, Aravind Soundararajan

Theses

The complete PC-based hardware design along with the initialization and control software of the JPEG algorithm is presented in this thesis. The hardware could run in real-time to compress, decompress and display still frame images. LSI Logic JPEG chipset was used in the design. This is a dedicated chipset for the JPEG compression algorithm.

A simulation software was used for studying the performance of MPEG video compression algorithm. Various video test sequences were compressed through the codec simulation software and the resulting rate-distortion performance was calculated. These are compared with the performance of JPEG based image sequence compressor.

It is …

Magnetohydrodynamic Behavior Under Current Impulse Excitation, Shi Wu

Theses

The effects of magnetic field on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) channel flow between two parallel plates of infinite extent are investigated. The applied magnetic field is due to an infinite impulse current-carrying conductor located a small distance below the lower channel wall. Influence of the induced magnetic field, such that the magnetic Reynolds number (R_m) is less than unity but greater than zero, is included. The solution is obtained using the perturbation theory in the expansion of the field components in a double-power series in R_m and I. Calculations for the magneto-fluid components were carried out using personal computer. …

Experimental Investigation Of Submerged, Turbulent, Axisymmetric Air Jet Impinging On A Flat Plate, Lan Xiao

Theses

Experimental investigation was carried out on the flow characteristics of a circular, submerged, turbulent, axisymmetric air jet impinging normally on a smooth, flat, square, Lucite plate and a sand paper covered plate. Jet issuing from a circular nozzle of 0.5 inch diameter while the Reynolds Number varying from 10,000 to 85,000 was investigated. The flow can be considered incompressible since the pressure and the velocity of the jet were not too high, with Mach Number of the order of 0.3.

Various flow parameters were measured to obtain the velocity and pressure distributions at the surface of the flat Lucite plate, …

Comparison Between Stimulated Emg And Natural Emg, Zak Belfki

Theses

The electromyograph (EMG) signal generated from a cat's jaw muscle in movement, is analyzed. After a series of experiments at UMDNJ, three major categories of EMG were recorded: rest EMG, biting EMG and hissing EMG.

The biting files contained a series of EMG collected in successive episodes. Power spectrum and statistical analysis were applied to the episodes. Each episode had approximately 43,000 samples. Results showed that these episodes had a similar spectrum with statistically the same mean and variance.

The hissing files were produced by electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus and contained EMG embedded in a stimulus artifact. The problem …

Coordinate Measuring Machines : A Modern Inspection Tool In Manufacturing, Matthias Richard Mantel

Theses

Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM) are flexible and universal dimensional measuring devices with the capability for full integration into a CIM information network. Developed as highly precise measuring machines for specially designed measuring rooms, today's CMMs are more and more used in shop floor applications which is a hostile environment for a precise measuring tool. CMMs are offered in a variety of configurations and levels of automation. For the CMM buyer it is therefore essential to have an overview of the different types of CMMs and their subsystems before making a purchasing decision.

To obtain reliable measuring results that are used …

Adaptive Two-Stage Detection Scheme In Synchronous Two-User Cdma Systems, Yong Jiang

Theses

A conventional single user detector is not optimum in the multiuser environment because the multiuser interference can not be modeled as an additive Gaussian process. Such a receiver is very vulnerable to the near far situation. The receiver that is optimum for multiuser environment has high complexity and requires a knowledge of the received signal energies. Various versions of the receiver that handle the near far situation have been proposed in the literature. In this work, an adaptive two stage scheme for a synchronous two user environment with unknown received energies is proposed. It consists of a, tandem of the …

A Review Of Acetabular Prostheses For Total Hip Arthroplasty, Jennifer Anne Citarella

Theses

This study explores the evolution, design, and clinical progress of contemporary prostheses used in orthopaedic reconstruction of the socket of the hip joint. A literature search was performed to study acetabular implants, as used in total hip arthroplasty. The history of the design of these implants is chronicled. Next, the anatomy of the acetabular region and the surgical technique performed to replace the hip socket are presented. A comprehensive discussion of the design features, rationale, and clinical results for commercially available cemented and cementless prostheses follows.

Hydroxyapatite, a bioceramic which has just recently been approved for applications in total hip …