Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Displacement (2)
- Surcharge (2)
- Allowable-bearing-capacities (1)
- Aquiclude (1)
- Aquifer (1)
-
- Aquitard (1)
- Bagh beds (1)
- Base Isolation devices (1)
- Bathymetry (1)
- Bore-hole (1)
- Bottom ash (1)
- Bridge abutment (1)
- Coal combustion (1)
- Concrete composites (1)
- Concrete plug. (1)
- Consolidation settlement (1)
- Design (1)
- Dug well (1)
- ER Dampers (1)
- Earthquake (1)
- Erosion (1)
- Fibre-reinforced (1)
- Finite Element Analysis (1)
- Flood defense (1)
- Flood-control (1)
- Foundations (1)
- Geotechnical investigation (1)
- High-rise building (1)
- Hydraulic failure of levees (1)
- In-situ ultra-sound velocity (1)
- Publication Year
Articles 991 - 1020 of 2055
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Shaking Table Tests On Effiency Of New Type Of Drains, Vlatko Sesov, Ikuo Towhata, Naoyuki Harada
Shaking Table Tests On Effiency Of New Type Of Drains, Vlatko Sesov, Ikuo Towhata, Naoyuki Harada
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
One method to mitigate liquefaction-induced hazard is the use of a system of vertical drains to dissipate the excess pore water pressure generated by earthquake loading. Performance assessments for these systems require the estimation of vertical drain spacing such that a maximum threshold level of excess pore pressure ratio is not exceeded. The objective of this research is to study efficiency of installing vertical drains on generation and dissipation of pore water pressure. For this purpose series of shaking table tests were performed using a laminar box, in Geotechnical Laboratory on Tokyo University. The ground model consists of two layers …
Measurements And Numerical Prediction Of High Speed Train Vibrations, Janusz Kogut, Geert Degrande, Geert Lombaert, Lincy Pyl, Wim Haegeman, Lutz Karl
Measurements And Numerical Prediction Of High Speed Train Vibrations, Janusz Kogut, Geert Degrande, Geert Lombaert, Lincy Pyl, Wim Haegeman, Lutz Karl
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper discusses the experimental validation of a numerical prediction model for train induced vibrations. The model fully accounts for the dynamic interaction between the train, the track and the soil. The track is modelled as a longitudinally invariant system, where two beams represent the rails, while a plate with a rigid cross section represents the subgrade. The track is located at the surface of a horizontally layered elastic halfspace. The translational invariance of the problem geometry enables a solution of the equations of motion in the frequency–wavenumber domain. The model is validated by means of vibration measurements that have …
Measurement Of Vibration In Berthing Structure During Underwater Rock Blasting, A. Boominathan, R. Sundaravadivelu, C. K. Madheswaran
Measurement Of Vibration In Berthing Structure During Underwater Rock Blasting, A. Boominathan, R. Sundaravadivelu, C. K. Madheswaran
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Blasting, in particular underwater rock blasting is the most challenging and least understood source of vibration, which may cause considerable damage to the safety of the adjacent buildings and structures and including berthing structures. Though the blast-induced vibration is best controlled by specification of blasting procedures, it is very essential to measure and monitor the blast-induced vibration of the adjacent structures to access its safety. This paper discusses the measurement and monitoring of underwater blast induced vibration on the berthing structure (berth No.8) at Tuticorin in southern part of India. The vibration is recorded using three acceleration transducers mounted on …
Liquefaction Risk Assessment And Implications On Urban Planning In The Greater Beirut Area, Jacques Harb, Laurence Pico
Liquefaction Risk Assessment And Implications On Urban Planning In The Greater Beirut Area, Jacques Harb, Laurence Pico
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The eastern section of the Mediterranean Sea is a seismic zone falling on the boundaries of the Eurasian, African, and Arabian tectonics plates. The Greater Beirut Area, in Lebanon, witnessed major seismic historic events. After a ten years reconstruction effort mainly concentrated in downtown Beirut, the country is deeply indebted. In spite of this effort, many residential building will not withstand any seismic event particularly those built in geologically hazardous sectors. A seismic risk analysis for the Greater Beirut Area containing half of the Lebanese population is performed. This investigation shows that several sectors in the Greater Beirut Area, such …
Gis Methodology For Zonification Of Slope Stability Under Earthquakes, Gloria Estrada, Ángela Arango
Gis Methodology For Zonification Of Slope Stability Under Earthquakes, Gloria Estrada, Ángela Arango
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Recent earthquakes in Colombia have shown the great importance of landslide triggering. Considering these conditions, a study was carried out to develop a methodology for zonification of slope stability under earthquakes, based on representative variables of geomorphology, geology and soil profiles. This methodology covered compilation of existing information about geological, geomorphologic and geotechnical studies, analyses of earthquake ground response, definition of dynamic behavior of representative soil profiles, and development of topographical and geotechnical models taking full advantage of Geographical Information System (GIS) tools. This paper describes the resulting GIS methodology and discusses its reliability, based on its application to simulate …
A Case Of Soil Sliding In The Pathology Of Retaining Structure, J. Matos E Silva
A Case Of Soil Sliding In The Pathology Of Retaining Structure, J. Matos E Silva
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Sesimbra is a village located on the Portuguese West coastline 70 Km South of Lisbon. It is a site of high cliffs, overlooking the sea, mainly formed by clays. The rainwater that penetrates the soil through permeable layers originates the clays sliding. Recent construction site in the area started with the execution of a retaining wall with counterforts. Some time later after a long rainy period the soil sliding created a high earth pressure on the retaining wall that originated the separation between the wall and its counterforts. The paper describes the pathology and its repair.
A Database For Case Histories And Numerical Modelling, P. Mestat, Y. Riou
A Database For Case Histories And Numerical Modelling, P. Mestat, Y. Riou
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper deals with a bibliographic database dedicated to the comparison between numerical results and in situ measurements for geotechnical structures. This database, called MOMIS, has been developed by LCPC and ECN for several years. To date, it comprises a total of 416 case histories. The generation of MOMIS has relied on a technologic watch in the field of numerical modelling. The database can be used to highlight modelling principles (in order to provide a guide for good modelling practice to users) and deviations between results given by numerical models and values measured on actual geotechnical structures. It also reflects …
Deep Supported Excavation In Difficult Ground Conditions In The City Of Patras, Greece — Measured Vs. Predicted Behavior, D. P. Zekkos, A. G. Athanasopoulos, G. A. Athanasopoulos
Deep Supported Excavation In Difficult Ground Conditions In The City Of Patras, Greece — Measured Vs. Predicted Behavior, D. P. Zekkos, A. G. Athanasopoulos, G. A. Athanasopoulos
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The technical characteristics of a deep supported excavation project using anchored diaphragm walls and the measured (by inclinometers) behavior of the soil retaining system are presented. The measured behavior is then compared with the predicted behavior using a finite element model of the excavation. The comparison shows a good agreement in a location where the soil profile is well defined. However, differences in the magnitude of the displacements were observed when the information on the soil profile was incomplete due to the variability of the deposits on site.
Design And Construction Of A Support Of Excavation System For The Silver Line Subway In Boston, Abdol Hagh, Yousef Alostaz, Thomas Hennings
Design And Construction Of A Support Of Excavation System For The Silver Line Subway In Boston, Abdol Hagh, Yousef Alostaz, Thomas Hennings
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper presents three (3) case histories associated with the construction of the Support Of Excavation (SOE) system for parts of the new underground (Phase II) Silver line subway system in downtown Boston. The first case study addresses the design and construction of the cantilevered sheet piles at the Fort Point Channel. The design and construction of a drift tunnel below the Russia Wharf complex is presented as the second case history. Finally, the third case study presents the analysis and design of the support of excavation system for the construction activities at the West Cofferdam. To allow the construction …
Construction Vibration Monitoring In The Charleston, South Carolina Area, Edward L. Hajduk, Donovan L. Ledford, William B. Wright
Construction Vibration Monitoring In The Charleston, South Carolina Area, Edward L. Hajduk, Donovan L. Ledford, William B. Wright
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Vibrations generated during construction often affect adjacent and surrounding buildings and disturb neighboring residents in tightly spaced urban environments. These vibrations can lead to structural damage, especially to older structures. In Charleston, South Carolina, construction vibrations are of special concern due to the tight spacing, age, construction, and historic significance of many of the city’s buildings. Of particular interest are the vibrations generated from pile driving activities. Due to the nature of the lower coastal plain soils in the Charleston, SC area, the majority of new commercial structures are being founded on driven pile foundations bearing within the underlying Cooper …
Support Of Deep Excavation In Soft Clay: A Case History Study, Kanchan K. Sen, Yousef Alostaz, Guido Pellegrino, Abdol Hagh
Support Of Deep Excavation In Soft Clay: A Case History Study, Kanchan K. Sen, Yousef Alostaz, Guido Pellegrino, Abdol Hagh
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The innovative analysis, design, and construction of the temporary support of excavation (SOE) system for an underground garage will be presented in this paper. The site of the project is blanketed with a 10 to 18 feet thick layer of fill material, underlain with about 5 feet of soft organic deposits. The main soil deposit at the site consists of 65 to 90 feet deep marine clay, known as the “Boston Blue Clay”. The upper 10 to 12 feet of this clay is weathered and hardened to form a stiff crust that softens with depth. The majority of the excavation …
Reuters Comes To Times Square, Andrew J. Ciancia, Gregory L. Biesiadecki
Reuters Comes To Times Square, Andrew J. Ciancia, Gregory L. Biesiadecki
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Times Square in New York City was chosen for the new Reuters Headquarters Building for its significance as the crossroads of the world. The headquarters consists of a 30-story office tower with a foundation footprint of 30,000 square feet including two subsurface levels nearly 40 feet deep for retail shops, parking and access to the Times Square subway station. This paper describes the geotechnical challenges that were faced to minimize the effects of both the construction excavation, mainly in mica schist rock, and a new permanent structure on two adjacent landmark theatres, the subway structures, and the streets and utilities …
Excavation Of Open Pit “Zagrad” In Rijeka, Croatia, A Case History, Željko Arbanas, Branka Jardas, Meho Saša Kovačević
Excavation Of Open Pit “Zagrad” In Rijeka, Croatia, A Case History, Željko Arbanas, Branka Jardas, Meho Saša Kovačević
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
On the location Zagrad in Rijeka, Croatia, an open pit has been designed and constructed for the purpose of building the garageaccommodation- business complex. The location of the open pit is situated in the central area of the town Rijeka, and closely surrounded by the existing accommodation buildings, a traffic line and a railway. The open pit was designed and constructed four levels below the terrain surface, adjacent to the existing buildings and a traffic line. To secure the open pit walls during excavation, a support system with the selfdrilling rock bolts for the reinforcing of the rock mass and …
Seismic Design Of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Walls, J. N. Mandal, H. V. K. Chaitanya, S. S. Nimbalkar
Seismic Design Of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Walls, J. N. Mandal, H. V. K. Chaitanya, S. S. Nimbalkar
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In this paper, the design geogrid/geotextile reinforced retaining walls are summarized. Design of geosynthetics reinforced walls includes internal and external stability analyses. Seismic analyses also considered for design of geosynthetics reinforced walls. Many designers do not have all of the tools required to complete all of the components of the stability analysis for site conditions. Most current geosynthetics reinforced soil retaining wall design software products do not address all of the components of the stability analysis. This paper is directed towards researchers, practitioners, and regulators, and gives guidance for future research and development of codes for reinforced soil walls.
Control Of Ground Movements For A Multi-Level-Anchored, Diaphragm Wall During Excavation, Dimitrios C. Konstantakos, Andrew J. Whittle, Carlos Regalado, Bernhard Scharner
Control Of Ground Movements For A Multi-Level-Anchored, Diaphragm Wall During Excavation, Dimitrios C. Konstantakos, Andrew J. Whittle, Carlos Regalado, Bernhard Scharner
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
An excavation up to 23m deep for the Dana Farber research tower in the Longwood medical area of Boston, was supported by a permanent perimeter diaphragm wall extending into the underlying conglomerate and up to 6 levels of prestressed tiebacks anchored in the rock. The lateral earth support system was very successful in limiting wall deflections to less than ±15mm on each of the four sides of the excavation. However, ground surface settlements up to 65mm occurred on two sides and were attributed to ground losses that occurred when tiebacks were installed through overpressured sand layers at depths of 15-18m. …
Back Analyses Of Anchored Retaining Structures, Pavel Žvanut, Janko Logar, Bojan Majes
Back Analyses Of Anchored Retaining Structures, Pavel Žvanut, Janko Logar, Bojan Majes
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Finite element step-by-step back analyses were performed on four typical instrumented test sections of several anchored, bored-pile walls, located on the Vransko - Blagovica section of the Celje - Ljubljana motorway. A sufficiently accurate numerical model was obtained in the early stages of the construction sequence, so that it was possible to predict with confidence in advance the critical stages which were encountered at the end of the construction works. The back analyses were carried out using the computer program Plaxis, assuming the simple Mohr-Coulomb constitutive relationship and a simplified geological structure. The results of these analyses were compared with …
Geotechnical Analysis Of The Formation Of Earth Fissures At Ciudad Guzman, Jalisco, Enrique Padilla Corona
Geotechnical Analysis Of The Formation Of Earth Fissures At Ciudad Guzman, Jalisco, Enrique Padilla Corona
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In this work the origin and the causes of the earth fissures activation are discussed. They have appeared frequently in Ciudad Guzman (Guzman City). This city is located in a transition zone between basal rock elevations and the southeastern edge of the Graven of Zapotlan which is part of the Graven of Colima. The appearance of fissures produces damages such as: settlements and fractures in buildings, breakage and displacement of pipes for sanitary drainage, water and telephonical network, crackings and settlements in pavements, etc. Finally, four typical cases of fissure aparition and their consequences are presented. A serie of recommendation …
Tunnelling In Alpine Fault Zones Excavation And Support Strategies, Wulf Schubert
Tunnelling In Alpine Fault Zones Excavation And Support Strategies, Wulf Schubert
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Tunneling through faulted rock in general is associated with stability problems, high deformations and frequently changing stress conditions. Depending on the characteristics of the fault zone, different strategies for excavation and support of the tunnel must be applied. With the increased demand in Alpine base tunnel the issue of safe and economical tunneling is increasingly important. But also in tunnels with medium overburden squeezing conditions have been observed. Strategies applied in different regions are rather controversial. Some groups try to convey, that a certain system fits to any conditions. Unfortunately tunneling through fault zones is not that easy. Extensive experience …
Managing Sinkholes At Project Site, A Saudi Arabian Case History, Syed Faiz Ahmad
Managing Sinkholes At Project Site, A Saudi Arabian Case History, Syed Faiz Ahmad
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The sub-surface geology of the Project Site, in at least six out of a total of eight Zones, are characterized by presence of highly to moderately weathered and fractured Limestone formation. This is generally encountered at a depth ranging from surface to 1.50 meter. However, there is yet another dimension to this geology. A typical characteristic of this bedrock is the presence and occurrence of numerous small to large Cavities, Sinkholes and/or Limestone Solution Channels, which are often found to be filled with clay/silt/sand. A serious program was undertaken to map all these Karstic features. An extensive “Cavity Search Probing” …
Case History Of An Open-Pit Coalmine Loaded By Artesian Water Pressure, Marta Dolezalova, Ivo Hladik, Vlasta Zemanova
Case History Of An Open-Pit Coalmine Loaded By Artesian Water Pressure, Marta Dolezalova, Ivo Hladik, Vlasta Zemanova
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Jiri Open-Pit Coalmine with highly productive coal measure is located in a famous and protected spa region with artesian thermal springs. A pressurized aquifer underlies the mine and the mining advance is limited by hydraulic fracturing hazard, which could result not only in flooding the mine, but also in dangerous changes of the hydro-geological conditions of the whole region. To prevent this hazard, the aquifer pressure has been reduced by flowing wells. To estimate the feasibility of the mining advance at a minimum pressure head reduction, i.e. at minimum environmental impact, an interactive procedure with numerical models calibrated according to …
Non-Homogeneous Reinforced Earth Fill For Riverbank Stabilization, Mary Perlea
Non-Homogeneous Reinforced Earth Fill For Riverbank Stabilization, Mary Perlea
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper presents a study of backfill material for the reinforced earth used as riverbank restoration, based on two cases of stabilization with reinforced earth using geogrid type TENSAR reinforcements. The two cases are located one on Blue River in Kansas City, Missouri and the other on Delaware River in Kansas, respectively. Both projects were designed to restore the damaged riverbank due to slope failures in order to protect existing public utilities (water lines) and public roadways close to the failed riverbank, with limited space for excavation or setback the riverbank slope. Geotechnical investigation indicated very low soil strength parameters …
Geoenvironmental Site Characterization To Treatment: Lead Contaminated Firing Range Case Study, Dimitris Dermatas, Mike Dadachov, Paul Dutko
Geoenvironmental Site Characterization To Treatment: Lead Contaminated Firing Range Case Study, Dimitris Dermatas, Mike Dadachov, Paul Dutko
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The methodologies employed and the results obtained during the performance of a comprehensive geoenvironmental site characterization case study are presented. The study demonstrates the need to integrate research tools from various disciplines including geotechnical, analytical and mineralogical specialties in order to develop a thorough understanding of both the nature and extent of the environmental issues associated with the site and the most viable alternatives for its remediation. Particle size distribution coupled with contaminant fractionation studies and mineralogical and micromorphological analyses were performed on the soil samples collected onsite to identify the metals present, their concentrations and the mechanisms of transformation. …
Characterization Of Abandoned Mine Sites Beneath I-70 Via Crosshole And Sasw Seismic Wave Methods, Dennis R. Hiltunen, Richard C. Nolen-Hoeksema, Richard D. Woods
Characterization Of Abandoned Mine Sites Beneath I-70 Via Crosshole And Sasw Seismic Wave Methods, Dennis R. Hiltunen, Richard C. Nolen-Hoeksema, Richard D. Woods
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
An approximately 2100-ft section of Interstate 70 (I-70) experienced a series of ground failures in 1994 and 1995 that were attributed to collapse of underground mine workings. Repair of the roadway consisted of construction of barrier walls of stiff grout to contain production grout pumped into the mines. Beginning in spring 1996, depressions were noted in the pavement surface over some of the grouted holes. As a consequence, a two-part investigation was initiated to determine whether the surface expressions reflect subsurface conditions that are a risk to the travel lanes and traveling public. In Phase I, Test Area Investigation, various …
Dynamic Compaction In Assalouyeh, Iran, S. S. Yasrobi, E. Asghari
Dynamic Compaction In Assalouyeh, Iran, S. S. Yasrobi, E. Asghari
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Dynamic compaction used as a soil improvement method for treatment of filled material in sea in Assalouyeh, Iran. Land reclamation by filling soil performed up to depth 14m and dynamic compaction used for reduction of liquefaction potential and the settlements due to static loadings. The compaction pattern and the other parameters like applied energy, compaction phases and rest periods designed in term of the characteristics of the soil to be treated and filling material deep. Final compaction pattern revised according to the results of the compaction on trial areas. Extensive trial compactions performed to optimize the compaction process with respect …
Large-Scale Land Reclamation And Soil Improvement For A City Expansion, Hisham T. Eid, Omar M. Alansari
Large-Scale Land Reclamation And Soil Improvement For A City Expansion, Hisham T. Eid, Omar M. Alansari
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper describes the geotechnical experience gained over the last 25 years at a 21-square kilometers waterfront development along the east coast of Doha city, Qatar. The development process involved filling a shallow bay using approximately 53 million cubic meters of calcareous sand with gravel and limestone fragments, making it one of the largest land reclamation projects in the world. The 2 to 3-meter-high filling was placed on natural seabed deposits that typically consist of a 1.0 m to 1.25 m top layer of soft plastic silt followed by an approximately 3.5 meters of loose to medium sand and an …
Case Histories Of Jet Grouting For Canal Excavations, Saravut Jaritngam
Case Histories Of Jet Grouting For Canal Excavations, Saravut Jaritngam
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper presents a several case histories of jet grouting for the slope protection on soft soil. The design concept and the method of analysis of jet grouting, the method of adopted installation and effectiveness of jet grouting are presented and discussed. The project site of this study is located at Nakornsrithamarat province, South of Thailand. The comparison of soil properties before and after improvement by the jet grouting is presented. The jet grouted was adopted to serve as firm foundations and increases the slope stability during the construction process. Finally, it can be concluded that this case study can …
Reinforcement Of Earth Structures With Cast-In-Place Piles In The Expanded Boreholes, Yu. Bagdasarov, A. Saurin
Reinforcement Of Earth Structures With Cast-In-Place Piles In The Expanded Boreholes, Yu. Bagdasarov, A. Saurin
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This given work has been dedicated to samples of the constructive layouts for simplified rigid rollers, grounds categories as per labour input of the holes to be unreeled, constructive layouts for strengthening ground constructions with cast-in-place piles in the unreeled holes (PUH). A formula for assessment of the distance between PUH is also given here as well as some results of the studies as per compacted areas of the space around piles and improving PUH ground characteristics (ρd and E).
Non-Destructive Testing Of Piles Using The Low Strain Integrity Method, Nasser Massoudi, Wondem Teferra
Non-Destructive Testing Of Piles Using The Low Strain Integrity Method, Nasser Massoudi, Wondem Teferra
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Non-destructive testing of piles has gained increased acceptance for various purposes, e.g., quality control/quality assurance, verification of existing conditions, and quantification of dimensions. The correct use of this technique can greatly simplify and expedite investigation, and be economical in addressing concerns or questions on pile conditions. Equally, its incorrect use can cause controversies, delays, and/or create adverse reputation for the technology. This paper presents three case histories on the use of the low strain, pile integrity testing (PIT) for different pile types and for different reasons. In this paper, the term “pile” is used generically and implies all types of …
A Case History Of The Use Of Geofoam For Bridge Approach Fills, Armin W. Stuedlein, Dawit Negussey, Michael Mathioudakis
A Case History Of The Use Of Geofoam For Bridge Approach Fills, Armin W. Stuedlein, Dawit Negussey, Michael Mathioudakis
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A new bridge replaced the Route 85 Bridge over Normans Kill Creek in Albany, NY in 2001. The old bridge was a double span steel truss bridge with pile-supported abutments and a mid pier in the creek channel. The replacement is a single span concrete girder bridge and was constructed adjacent to the old bridge to minimize the extent of realignment of the roadway centerline. The soil stratigraphy along the creek bank consists of weak and compressible lacustrine deposits. During construction of the new bridge, the old bridge had to remain in operation. EPS geofoam was used as a lightweight …
Cases Histories And Recent Development Of The Sand Compaction Pile Method As A Countermeasure Against Liquefaction, K. Harada, H. Tsuboi, Y. Tanaka, Y. Takehara, H. Fukada
Cases Histories And Recent Development Of The Sand Compaction Pile Method As A Countermeasure Against Liquefaction, K. Harada, H. Tsuboi, Y. Tanaka, Y. Takehara, H. Fukada
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Sand Compaction Pile (SCP) method is the most useful countermeasure against liquefaction in Japan. The investigation on the effectiveness of improved ground by the SCP method suffered from the past large-scale earthquakes (the 1993 Kushiro-Oki Earthquake, the 1994 Hokkaido Toho-Oki Earthquake, the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nambu Earthquake etc.) were conducted and found that the behavior of the compacted ground apparently differ from unimproved one. Especially less subsidence occurred on the compacted area compared with the unimproved area at Port Island and Rokko Island during even the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nambu (Kobe) earthquake. The conventional SCP method aims to increase the bearing …