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Articles 211 - 240 of 1219
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Advanced Cmos Process For Submicron Silicon Carbide (Sic) Device, Niloy Saha
Advanced Cmos Process For Submicron Silicon Carbide (Sic) Device, Niloy Saha
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Silicon carbide (SiC) is a wide semiconductor material with superior material properties compared to other rival materials. Due to its fewer dislocation defects than gallium nitride and its ability to form native oxides, this material possesses an advantage among wide band gap materials. Despite having several superior properties its low voltage application is less explored. CMOS is extremely important in low voltage areas and silicon is the dominant player in it for the last 50 years where scaling has contributed a major role in this flourishment. The channel length of silicon devices has reached 3 nm whereas SiC is still …
Achieving Causal Fairness In Recommendation, Wen Huang
Achieving Causal Fairness In Recommendation, Wen Huang
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Recommender systems provide personalized services for users seeking information and play an increasingly important role in online applications. While most research papers focus on inventing machine learning algorithms to fit user behavior data and maximizing predictive performance in recommendation, it is also very important to develop fairness-aware machine learning algorithms such that the decisions made by them are not only accurate but also meet desired fairness requirements. In personalized recommendation, although there are many works focusing on fairness and discrimination, how to achieve user-side fairness in bandit recommendation from a causal perspective still remains a challenging task. Besides, the deployed …
Demand Prediction And Inventory Management Of Surgical Supplies, Rajon Paul Pantha
Demand Prediction And Inventory Management Of Surgical Supplies, Rajon Paul Pantha
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Effective supply chain management is critical to operations in various industries, including healthcare. Demand prediction and inventory management are essential parts of healthcare supply chain management for ensuring optimal patient outcomes, controlling costs, and minimizing waste. The advances in data analytics and technology have enabled many sophisticated approaches to demand forecasting and inventory control. This study aims to leverage these advancements to accurately predict demand and manage the inventory of surgical supplies to reduce costs and provide better services to patients. In order to achieve this objective, a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model is developed to predict the demand for …
Modbus Rtu For Embedded Cyber Secure Inverter Controller, Brady Mcbride
Modbus Rtu For Embedded Cyber Secure Inverter Controller, Brady Mcbride
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The Modbus communication protocol is a widely adopted communication standard in industrial control systems. This communication protocol is known for being reliable and straightforward to implement while being versatile in terms of its operating parameters while supporting multiple formats over various hardware infrastructures and architectures. Many intelligent devices such as Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs), Internet-of-Things (IoT), and various Operational Technologies (OT) utilize Modbus for their communication systems. These types of systems must communicate with each other through a standardized and central communication process. To support the integration of these modular systems, a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) can …
Tangential Flow Treatment Of Poultry Processing Wastewater Using Stainless Steel Ultrafiltration Membrane, Saubana Olorunsola Dada
Tangential Flow Treatment Of Poultry Processing Wastewater Using Stainless Steel Ultrafiltration Membrane, Saubana Olorunsola Dada
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The current treatment of poultry processing wastewater (PPW) requires a large expanse of land, takes time, and requires chemical usage. The wastewater is typically treated prior to discharge. Apart from aiming to reuse the treated water for non-potable activities, this project aimed to reduce the footprint and time required for PPW treatment. To intensify the PPW treatment units, we studied the possibility of replacing dissolved air floatation (DAF) with a stainless steel ultrafiltration membrane (SSUF). Combined PPW from all processing units taken before the first DAF and the second DAF were used for this study with no pretreatment. The SSUF …
Design Approaches To Enhance Power Density In Power Converters For Traction Applications, Shamar Christian
Design Approaches To Enhance Power Density In Power Converters For Traction Applications, Shamar Christian
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation presents a design strategy to increase the power density for automotive Power Conversion Units (PCUs) consisting of DC-DC and DC-AC stages. The strategy significantly improves the volumetric power density, as evident by a proposed PCU constructed and tested having 55.6 kW/L, representing an 11.2 % improvement on the Department of Energy’s 2025 goal of 50 kW/L for the same power electronics architecture. The dissertation begins with a custom magnetic design procedure, based on optimization of a predetermined C-core geometrical relationship and custom Litz wire. It accounts for electrical and thermal tradeoffs to produce a magnetic structure to best …
Dpd Guided Insight On The Formation Process Of Polyethersulfone Membranes By Nonsolvent Induced Phase Separation And The Effects Of Additives, Eric Ledieu
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Dissipative particle dynamics (DPD), a coarse grain simulation method, was applied to the membrane formation process of non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) to gain further insight on the mechanism of certain variables and how they affect the final morphology. NIPS involves two solutions, an organic polymer dissolved in an organic solvent colloquially called the dope and an aqueous coagulation bath, brought into contact with one another. The solvents then mix, causing the polymer to fall out of solution as an asymmetric membrane with a dense surface layer and a more open subsurface layer in response to the decreasing solubility. Polyethersulfone …
Effect Of Human Decellularized Skeletal Muscle On Recovery From Volumetric Muscle Loss Injury, Jacob Schluns
Effect Of Human Decellularized Skeletal Muscle On Recovery From Volumetric Muscle Loss Injury, Jacob Schluns
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) overwhelms muscle’s robust capacity for regeneration. A key event in the etiology of VML injury is the bulk loss of structural cues provided by the underlying extracellular matrix (ECM). While muscle is a highly structured tissue, with cell and ECM alignment in the direction of contractile force production, the impact of scaffold alignment on recovery remains unclear. Bulk human decellularized skeletal muscle (DSM) tissues were sectioned into 10 x 1-2 mm fibers. VML defects were repaired using multi-fiber implants consisting of approximately 8 fibers per defect arranged into two layers. Fibers were oriented 1) to the …
Development Of Medical Device For Volume Status Assessment Using Peripheral Venous Pressure, Audra Beneux
Development Of Medical Device For Volume Status Assessment Using Peripheral Venous Pressure, Audra Beneux
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The severe side effects of acute dehydration and blood loss may be prevented if assessed and treated quickly. As amplifier technology has improved, small peripheral venous pressure (PVP) signals collected using a transducer on an intravenous catheter can be analyzed to monitor patient volume status. This thesis details the development of an embedded system prototype that quickly and accurately assesses volume status using PVP analysis. The volume prediction algorithm classified 10 seconds of PVP data as “dehydrated” or “resuscitated”. The hardware design consisted of four primary areas: analog signal conditioning, processing, user interaction, and power. After data collection, the signal …
Polymeric Biomaterials Approaches For Engineering The In Vitro Cellular Microenvironment For Mscs, Mahsa Letter-Mahsa Haseli
Polymeric Biomaterials Approaches For Engineering The In Vitro Cellular Microenvironment For Mscs, Mahsa Letter-Mahsa Haseli
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Cell therapy is a technology that relies on replacing diseased or dysfunctional cells with healthy functioning ones. One of the cells used for such advanced therapies are stem cells, owing to their ability to differentiate into specific cells required for repairing damaged or defective tissues or cells. The majority of cell-based products are intended to transiently persist in the patient, secreting factors which then allow the patient’s body to heal; in these products, the cells are subsequently eliminated from the body. Furthermore, unique manufacturing platforms, in addition to novel commercialization strategies, will be required to create a successful, sustainable cell …
Analysis Of An Isolated Bidirectional Ćuk Converter, Yeny Hau Chen
Analysis Of An Isolated Bidirectional Ćuk Converter, Yeny Hau Chen
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this thesis is to perform an analysis of the isolated bidirectional Ćuk dc-dc converter topology and demonstrate the advantages and operation of this configuration through simulations using MATLAB/SimulinkTM and measurements collected from a 1.5-kW prototype tested at the Engineering Research Center (ENRC) laboratory of the University of Arkansas. The idea of integrating an active-clamp snubber circuit on each side of the converter, proposed by Dr. Sudip Mazumder from the University of Illinois, Chicago, limits the additional voltage stresses on the components due to the energy from the transformer’s leakage inductance. This is studied in this thesis to …
In-Situ Tribology Of Engineered Surfaces With 3d-Printed Micro/Nano-Textures, Mahyar Afshar Mohajer
In-Situ Tribology Of Engineered Surfaces With 3d-Printed Micro/Nano-Textures, Mahyar Afshar Mohajer
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Surface texturing is an effective way to reduce the adhesion and friction between two contacting surfaces by reducing the real area of contact between them, providing a potential solution for adhesion and friction-induced failures, for example, failures in micro-/nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS). Surface texturing is also essential to the realization of functional surfaces such as superhydrophobic/philic and icephobic surfaces. However, textures are prone to deformation due to being subjected to higher contact pressures. The advancement of 3D nanoprinting by two-photon lithography (TPL), combined with the ability to make an in-situ observation of the interplay between the forces and the sliding surfaces …
Evaluating Arkansas Weathering Steel Bridge Performance, Yessenia Gonzalez
Evaluating Arkansas Weathering Steel Bridge Performance, Yessenia Gonzalez
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Weathering steel enhances corrosion-resistant steel features over conventional steel when a patina properly forms on the weathering steel surface. Weathering steel is a low carbon steel of less than 0.3% carbon by weight and has a chemical composition including other alloying elements such as nickel, copper, and chromium that develops a patina. The patina is a dense protective oxide film layer that develops on the steel member surface. The patina defends the steel from corrosion by preventing moisture, oxygen, and contaminant penetration. However, long periods of moisture and deicing chemicals applied during wet wintry conditions hinder proper patina formation. Without …
Interfacial Engineering Of Nickel-Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes Via Atomic Layer Deposition (Ald), Xin Wang
Interfacial Engineering Of Nickel-Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes Via Atomic Layer Deposition (Ald), Xin Wang
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Layered nickel-rich cathodes LiNixMnyCozO2 (NMCs, x + y + z =1, x ≥ 0.6) are regarded as one of the most promising cathode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), given their remarkably reduced cost and increased capacity compared to the conventional LiCoO2 cathode. However, the deployment of these Ni-rich cathodes has been hindered by the continuous loss of practical capacity and reduction in average working voltage, inherently due to their interfacial, structural, and thermodynamic instability. To address these issues, interfacial engineering via surface modification has been well-recognized as an effective strategy and a large number of coating materials have been …
Improving Building Cfd Peak Pressure Computation Using Les With A Focus On Inflow Turbulence Methods And Grid Spacing Size., Zahra Mansouri
Improving Building Cfd Peak Pressure Computation Using Les With A Focus On Inflow Turbulence Methods And Grid Spacing Size., Zahra Mansouri
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Structural failures by extreme winds often leads to economic losses and even deaths. Proper design of buildings requires accurate estimation of wind loads to prevent structural damage. Using routine guidelines generally leads to the underestimation of buildings’ peak pressures, in which most failures occur. To estimate wind loads more accurately three different methods (i.e., field measurement, wind tunnel (WT), and computational fluid dynamics (CFD)) are in use. A well-validated CFD provides more flow field details at lower costs compared to field measurements and WT. As strong winds are extremely turbulent, the effects of turbulence in wind should be incorporated into …
Gate-Controlled Quantum Dots In Two-Dimensional Tungsten Diselenide And One-Dimensional Tellurium Nanowires, Shiva Davari Dolatabadi
Gate-Controlled Quantum Dots In Two-Dimensional Tungsten Diselenide And One-Dimensional Tellurium Nanowires, Shiva Davari Dolatabadi
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This work focuses on the investigation of gate-defined quantum dots in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide tungsten diselenide (WSe2) as a means to unravel mesoscopic physical phenomena such as valley-contrasting physics in WSe2 flakes and its potential application as qubit, as well as realizing gate-controlled quantum dots based on elementaltellurium nanostructures which may unlock the topological nature of the host material carriers such as Weyl states in tellurium nanowires.The fabrication and characterization of gate-defined hole quantum dots in monolayer and bilayer WSe2 are reported. The gate electrodes in the device design are located above and below the WSe2 nanoflakes to accumulate …
Ultrasound Mediated Tissue Growth In Bioinspired Scaffolds, Marco Fielder
Ultrasound Mediated Tissue Growth In Bioinspired Scaffolds, Marco Fielder
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Porous scaffolds mechanically stimulated with ultrasound are used for the treatment of bone conditions such as osteoporosis or traumatic bone injury. However, one current issue in these treatment techniques is designing a scaffold structure with a high structural integrity that also does not impede tissue growth. A larger ultrasound wave transmission would also allow more of a scaffold to receive mechanical stimulation from ultrasound. Controlling mesenchymal stem cell seeding of tissue scaffolds also has potential for developing optimal seeding patterns to maximize or control tissue growth in the scaffold based on an individual’s physiology. There is also a need for …
Data-Driven Deep Learning-Based Analysis On Thz Imaging, Haoyan Liu
Data-Driven Deep Learning-Based Analysis On Thz Imaging, Haoyan Liu
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Breast cancer affects about 12.5% of women population in the United States. Surgical operations are often needed post diagnosis. Breast conserving surgery can help remove malignant tumors while maximizing the remaining healthy tissues. Due to lacking effective real-time tumor analysis tools and a unified operation standard, re-excision rate could be higher than 30% among breast conserving surgery patients. This results in significant physical, physiological, and financial burdens to those patients. This work designs deep learning-based segmentation algorithms that detect tissue type in excised tissues using pulsed THz technology. This work evaluates the algorithms for tissue type classification task among freshly …
Engineer And Test A Biodegradable Microneedle Patch To Deliver Meloxicam For Managing Pain In Cattle, Katherine Alejandra Miranda Munoz
Engineer And Test A Biodegradable Microneedle Patch To Deliver Meloxicam For Managing Pain In Cattle, Katherine Alejandra Miranda Munoz
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Microneedle patches are a promising source for transdermal diffusion of macromolecules and are designed to painlessly penetrate the skin. In this study, a biodegradable chitosan microneedle patch to deliver meloxicam for managing pain in cattle was tested. The potential of reuse of the polymeric solution to fabricate the patches, optimization of fabrication, morphological analysis of the microneedle patch and analysis of preservation of the chemical composition after sterilization were evaluated. In-vitro analysis consisted of studying in-vitro penetration mechanical properties, compression testing analysis of microneedle patch, and in-vitro drug release analysis. In-vivo studies were performed to analyze the dissolution capability of …
Evaluation Of Cellulose Nanocrystal Inks And Their Structural Characteristics For 3d Bioprinting Of Customized Scaffolds, Patrick William Kuczwara
Evaluation Of Cellulose Nanocrystal Inks And Their Structural Characteristics For 3d Bioprinting Of Customized Scaffolds, Patrick William Kuczwara
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
3D bioprinting of biological scaffolds requires control of the physicochemical properties of each unique structures. A promising material for control of properties is hydrogels, which can help create biomimetic scaffolds with controlled spatial arrangement of materials by integrating biological materials directly into layers during the bioprinting process. Nanocellulose offers a unique combination of properties including mechanical, biomimetic, and biocompatibility. These properties offer flexibility over the types, shapes, and applications of their printed hydrogel scaffolds, (i.e., tissue, drug, encapsulation). However, 3D bioprinting of nanocellulose-based hydrogels requires high loading percentages (i.e., >10 wt%) or chemical crosslinkers (i.e., bis(acyl)phosphane oxides (BAPO)). High solid …
Fiber-Based Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting As A Method For Investigating Metabolism During Tetanic Contraction Of Skeletal Muscle, Kathryn Miller Priest
Fiber-Based Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting As A Method For Investigating Metabolism During Tetanic Contraction Of Skeletal Muscle, Kathryn Miller Priest
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a cofactor that serves to shuttle electrons during metabolic processes such as glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) [1-5]. The reduced form of NAD, NADH, is autofluorescent, making it a measurable characteristic in the investigation of metabolic changes. The fluorescence lifetime of NADH is dependent on the state of protein binding, specifically free or bound NADH, allowing for detection of metabolic shifts between glycolysis (free NADH) and OXPHOS (bound NADH) [6-16]. Fiber-coupled time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) equipped with an implantable needle probe can be used to measure NADH lifetime in vivo …
Design And Comparison Of Asynchronous Fft Implementations, Julie Bigot
Design And Comparison Of Asynchronous Fft Implementations, Julie Bigot
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is a widely used digital signal processing technology in a large variety of applications. For battery-powered embedded systems incorporating FFT, its physical implementation is constrained by strict power consumption, especially during idle periods. Compared to the prevailing clocked synchronous counterpart, quasi-delay insensitive asynchronous circuits offer a series of advantages including flexible timing requirement and lower leakage power, making them ideal choices for these systems. In this thesis work, various FFT configurations were implemented in the low-power Multi-Threshold NULL Convention Logic (MTNCL) paradigm. Analysis illustrates the area and power consumption trends along the changing of the number …
Reliability Enhancing Control Algorithms For Two-Stage Grid-Tied Inverters, Yuheng Wu
Reliability Enhancing Control Algorithms For Two-Stage Grid-Tied Inverters, Yuheng Wu
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
In the photovoltaic (PV) generation system, two types of grid-tied inverter systems are usually deployed: the single-stage grid-tied inverter system and the two-stage grid-tied inverter system. In the single-stage grid-tied inverter system, the input of the inverter is directly connected to the PV arrays, while an additional dc-dc stage is inserted between the PV arrays and the dc-ac inverter in the two-stage design. The additional dc-dc stage could provide a stable dc-link voltage to the inverter, which also enables new design possibilities, including the multi-MPPT operation and solar-plus-storage application. Thus, the two-stage grid-tied inverter has been widely used in the …
Sustainability And Health Impacts Of Pulse Crops In The United States Using Life Cycle Assessment, Prathamesh A. Bandekar
Sustainability And Health Impacts Of Pulse Crops In The United States Using Life Cycle Assessment, Prathamesh A. Bandekar
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Environmental sustainability and human health impact of pulses produced and consumed in the United States was assessed using life cycle assessment (LCA). The study included three objectives 1) to estimate environmental impact of current production and consumption practices in the United States using attributional LCA; 2) to estimate environmental and human health impact of iso-caloric diets containing varying amounts of pulses using Hybrid-LCA and Combined Nutritional and Environmental-LCA (CONE-LCA); and 3) to estimate environmental impact of increased demand for pulses using consequential LCA. Scope of the study varied for each objective with system boundary encompassing cradle-to-grave activities for objective 1 …
Using Reinforcement Learning To Improve Network Reliability Through Optimal Resource Allocation, Henley Wells
Using Reinforcement Learning To Improve Network Reliability Through Optimal Resource Allocation, Henley Wells
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Networks provide a variety of critical services to society (e.g. power grid, telecommunication, water, transportation) but are prone to disruption. With this motivation, we study a sequential decision problem in which an initial network is improved over time (e.g., by adding or increasing the reliability of edges) and rewards are gained over time as a function of the network’s all-terminal reliability. The actions during each time period are limited due to availability of resources such as time, money, or labor. To solve this problem, we utilized a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) approach implemented within OpenAI-Gym using Stable Baselines. A Proximal …
Enhancing Human Schwann Cells Reparative Behavior Using Heparin/Collagen Layer-By-Layer Coatings, Luis Carlos Pinzon-Herrera
Enhancing Human Schwann Cells Reparative Behavior Using Heparin/Collagen Layer-By-Layer Coatings, Luis Carlos Pinzon-Herrera
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
When a peripheral nerve injury (PNI) occurs, the gold standard for tissue regeneration is the use of autografts. However, due to the secondary effects produced by multiple surgeries involved in the removal and implantation of autografts for very small lesions, it is possible to replace them with the use of Nerve Guide Conduits (NGCs). However, NGCs are limited to short lesions (less than 1 cm). This limitation is caused by the absence of compounds in the extracellular matrix (ECM) that autografts can provide. Since much of the regenerative process takes place on the NGC surface, our work aims to modify …
Life Cycle Assessment Of Novel Electrochemical Struvite Recovery In Municipal Wastewater Treatment At The Plant And U.S. Watershed Scales, Karla Morrissey
Life Cycle Assessment Of Novel Electrochemical Struvite Recovery In Municipal Wastewater Treatment At The Plant And U.S. Watershed Scales, Karla Morrissey
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
As the supply of phosphorus decreases, nutrient recovery in municipal wastewater treatment has become an important area of research. Recovery methods for phosphorus-containing fertilizers, such as struvite, and other products are currently being developed and assessed for their efficiency and economic feasibility. Potential environmental impacts from nutrient recovery are also being assessed as design for the environment is important, especially with regards to the eutrophying potential of phosphorus in phosphorus-limited freshwater aquatic systems. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool that can be used to estimate potential environmental impacts of a product or service focusing on its entire life cycle. …
A Multi-Criteria Ranking System For Prioritizing Maintenance Of Levee Systems In Arkansas, Nguyen Danh Phan
A Multi-Criteria Ranking System For Prioritizing Maintenance Of Levee Systems In Arkansas, Nguyen Danh Phan
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
There are 208,009 properties in Arkansas that have more than a 26% chance of being severely affected by flooding over the next 30 years, which represents 13% of all properties in the state. A levee system is designed to reduce the flooding risk for urban and rural communities; however, most of the state's levees have been significantly outdated or built with engineering standards less rigorous than current best practices. The Levee Safety Action Classification (LSAC), as recorded in the National Levee Database (NLD), communicates the risk associated with living behind a particular levee and assists local, state, and federal stakeholders …
Surface-Driven Instabilities At Oil-Water Interfaces, Anelisse Claros Mendieta
Surface-Driven Instabilities At Oil-Water Interfaces, Anelisse Claros Mendieta
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Fluid-fluid interactions are such a wide area and can be observed in different scenarios such as geothermal systems, waterflooding of reservoirs, oil recovery, and water treatment processes. This thesis aims to deepen the understanding of fluid-fluid interactions which include Marangoni flows, charge related instabilities, and surface activity. This thesis studied the interactions of micrometer-sized droplets of an oil (toluene) with surfactant Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (DEHPA) in the aqueous phase. One of the main goals is to understand several surface-driven instabilities and how those can be manipulated for future applications.Furthermore, this thesis aims to use these oil-surfactant droplets as a medium …
Hierarchical Structure And Material Integration For Electrocatalytic Co2 Reduction, Hamed Mehrabi
Hierarchical Structure And Material Integration For Electrocatalytic Co2 Reduction, Hamed Mehrabi
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
CO2 released by the combustion of fossil fuels is driving significant changes to the earth’sclimate. The natural cycle for removing CO2 from the atmosphere, namely photosynthesis, cannot keep up with the rate at which it is being added. Developing engineering approaches to remove CO2 from the atmosphere is becoming essential to reduce these effects. Removal leads to further issues of carbon sequestration and favorable CO2 reuse strategies, including the electrochemical transformation of recovered CO2 to useful products such as fuels and materials. Copper is an important electrocatalyst for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) because of its unique capability for producing …