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Articles 391 - 420 of 1369
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
A Graphene/Rf Gas Sensor, Kathleen Louise Brockdorf
A Graphene/Rf Gas Sensor, Kathleen Louise Brockdorf
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Toxic chemicals have been used as chemical warfare agents since ancient times, but World War 1 saw the beginning of modern chemical proliferation. There are many methods of detecting these agents, but the combination of high sensitivity, specificity, fast response, and small form factor is difficult to achieve. More recently, graphene has been identified as a possible sensing material for ammonia and other substances. This research documents a novel method of using graphene as a chemical sensor, utilizing a radio-frequency approach to sensing. This approach utilizes all available information from the material, such as permittivity and conductivity, instead of simply …
Non-Deterministic Metamodeling For Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Of Aircraft Systems Under Uncertainty, Daniel L. Clark Jr.
Non-Deterministic Metamodeling For Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Of Aircraft Systems Under Uncertainty, Daniel L. Clark Jr.
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To make coupled multi-physics-informed design decisions, multidisciplinary analysis, design optimization and uncertainty quantification must be present to accurately represent the full system under investigation. Unfortunately, all of these processes are computationally demanding, requiring a large number of system evaluations with identified uncertain variables, and iterative system evaluations with respect to the design variables of interest. Surrogate or metamodels are used to alleviate the computational burden in both these design exploration activities by trading accuracy with efficiency. The primary objective of this dissertation is to develop a flexible surrogate modeling technique capable of quantifying the uncertainty of multidisciplinary systems in an …
Preparation And Characterization Of Porous Pdms For Printed Electronics, Eyad Khalid M. Balbaid
Preparation And Characterization Of Porous Pdms For Printed Electronics, Eyad Khalid M. Balbaid
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Fabricating an elastomeric substrate with internal features could provide a novel structure with distinctive mechanical properties that allow them to stretch, bend and absorb the impact force. To date, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is a great candidate as a substrate for flexible electronic applications, due to easy fabrication, high stability and low cost. In the current thesis, porous PDMS samples are fabricated and characterized based on the particle size and the fusion of salt and sugar treated micro-regions. The liquid PDMS is prepared by mixing the silicon elastomer base (Sylgard 184) and elastomer curing agent using volume ration 10:1. The salt and …
Simulation, Experimentation, Control And Management Of A Novel Fuel Thermal System, Austin L. Tipton
Simulation, Experimentation, Control And Management Of A Novel Fuel Thermal System, Austin L. Tipton
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Modern aircraft experience increasing thermal loads from electronics, electromechanical actuators, and directed energy weapons. These aircraft also have a reduced ability to transfer thermal energy to the atmosphere due to the use of composite skins and a limited number of air intake ports. For aircraft that use fuel as a heatsink, these factors can cause the fuel at points of the system to exceed temperature limits, which can result in fuel coking, damage to subsystems, and even complete system failure. This thesis investigates the fuel thermal management shortcomings of contemporary aircraft systems and suggests a new methodology to extend performance. …
Tapped-Inductor Buck Dc-Dc Converter, Ankit Chadha
Tapped-Inductor Buck Dc-Dc Converter, Ankit Chadha
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There is a high demand for low step-down dc voltage conversions. Many conventional power converters that are currently being used have a moderate conversion ratio and this may not be sufficient to meet the demand. This can be achieved by either cascading power converters or using converters with a low step-down conversion ratio. Cascading the converters increases the power conversion stage complexity and increase the order of the system, while also affecting the stability. Using converters with a high conversion ratio seems to be a more intelligent option to root. This dissertation tackles to analyze one such converter, called tapped-inductor …
Chondroitin Sulfate Hydrogels For Total Wound Care Devices, Tushar Goswami
Chondroitin Sulfate Hydrogels For Total Wound Care Devices, Tushar Goswami
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Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a naturally occurring bio-polymer found in areas of high cartilage in mammals. In directed applications, such as hydrogels, CS can be used to impact keratinocyte growth cycles. In this work, CS based hydrogels were utilized to accelerate wound healing and, in conjunction with a graphene sensor, monitor wound fluid pH. The hydrogels were cast onto a graphene field effect transistor (GFET) to obtain the benefits of the hydrogel wound healing capabilities, while also utilizing the pH sensitivity of the graphene. Results showed that the hydrogel caused a fivefold increase in cell size over the course of …
Leveraging Blockchain To Mitigate The Risk Of Counterfeit Microelectronics In Its Supply Chain, Aman Ali Pogaku
Leveraging Blockchain To Mitigate The Risk Of Counterfeit Microelectronics In Its Supply Chain, Aman Ali Pogaku
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System on Chip (SoC) is the backbone component of the electronics industry nowadays. ASIC and FPGA-based SoCs are the two most popular methods of manufacturing SoCs. However, both ASIC and FPGA industries are plagued with risks of counterfeits due to the limitations in Security, Accountability, Complexity, and Governance of their supply chain management. As a result, the current practices of these microelectronics supply chain suffer from performance and efficiency bottlenecks. In this research, we are incorporating blockchain technology into the FPGA and ASIC microelectronic supply chain to help mitigate the risk of counterfeit microelectronics through a secure and decentralized solution …
Fault-Tolerant Mapping And Localization For Quadrotor Uav, Maximillian Andrew Gilson
Fault-Tolerant Mapping And Localization For Quadrotor Uav, Maximillian Andrew Gilson
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This research aims to accomplish three main tasks for a quadrotor UAV with mapping and navigation capabilities. Firstly, a Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) system is developed utilizing a laser rangefinder an open source SLAM algorithm called GMapping. This system allows for mapping of the surrounding environment as well as localizing the position of the quadrotor, enabling position control. Secondly, several path planning algorithms were implemented and evaluated. This allows the quadrotor to navigate through the environment even in the presence of obstacles. Lastly, to compensate for possible faults in the SLAM measurements, a fault-tolerant control method is developed. Real-time …
Design And Development Of An Immersive Simulation For Social Determinants Of Health Training, Lahari Surapaneni
Design And Development Of An Immersive Simulation For Social Determinants Of Health Training, Lahari Surapaneni
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This thesis research project focuses on design and development of an immersion simulation-based training tool that help raise the social determinants of health (SDOH) awareness among the health care providers. Compared to existing classroom lecture and/or role-play based SDOH education approach, our immersion-simulation based approach provides an easy access and highly realistic experience to such training curriculum at anytime and anywhere with an Internet connection. Such an interactive and immersive exposure is critical to raise SDOH awareness and maintain long-lasting empathy towards actual patients in practice, and thus help providers to be better prepared when encountering with those patients. Particularly, …
Design Of An Ultra-Wideband Microstrip Antenna Array With Low Size, Weight And Power, Paul Staffan
Design Of An Ultra-Wideband Microstrip Antenna Array With Low Size, Weight And Power, Paul Staffan
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This study focuses on the use of microstrip antenna technology for designing an ultra-wideband antenna to meet low size, weight and power requirements. Based on the recent literature for such antennas, a quasi-log periodic microstrip antenna array is designed to operate from 8 to 40 GHz (radar bands X, Ku, K and Ka). The array consists of 33 co-linear, inset-fed, square patches on a Roger’s Duroid substrate, and is modeled using the Advanced Design System software from Keysight. The simulated results show the antenna has pass-band gains greater than 5 dB, a half-power beamwidth of 30 degrees, and linear polarization …
Characterizing Basal-Like Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Gene Expression Analysis: A Data Mining Approach, Qamar Alsabi
Characterizing Basal-Like Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Gene Expression Analysis: A Data Mining Approach, Qamar Alsabi
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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the absence of expression of the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Therefore, TNBC is unresponsive to targeted hormonal therapies, which limits treatment options to nonselective chemotherapeutic agents. Basal-like breast cancers (BLBCs) represent a subset of about 70% of TNBCs, more frequently affecting younger patients, being more prevalent in African-American women and significantly more aggressive than tumors of other molecular subtypes, with high rates of proliferation and extremely poor clinical outcomes. Proper classification of BLBCs using current pathological tools has been a major challenge. Although TNBCs have …
Data-Driven And Knowledge-Based Strategies For Realizing Crowd Wisdom On Social Media, Shreyansh Bhatt
Data-Driven And Knowledge-Based Strategies For Realizing Crowd Wisdom On Social Media, Shreyansh Bhatt
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The wisdom of the crowd is a well-known example of collective intelligence wherein an aggregated judgment of a group of individuals is superior to that of an individual. The aggregated judgment is surprisingly accurate for predicting the outcome of a range of tasks from geopolitical forecasting to the stock price prediction. Recent research has shown that participants' previous performance data contributes to the identification of a subset of participants that can collectively predict an accurate outcome. In the absence of such performance data, researchers have explored the role of human-perceived diversity, i.e., whether a human considers a crowd as a …
Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysis Of Silicon-Doped Beta-Gallium Oxide Films Grown By Pulsed Laser Deposition, Cynthia Thomason Bowers
Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysis Of Silicon-Doped Beta-Gallium Oxide Films Grown By Pulsed Laser Deposition, Cynthia Thomason Bowers
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Due to the large band gap of β-Ga2O3 and recent improvements toward high quality native substrates and the ability to shallow dope epitaxial β-Ga2O3 it is an attractive material for applications in power electronic devices. Such devices require advances in the areas of thin film growth and carrier concentration control to deliver high mobility films appropriate for the device structures. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis can provide information concerning doping, crystal structure, and internal strain which will be valuable to assess the role of defects and impurities on the transport properties for feedback to optimize the bulk and epitaxial growth …
A Novel Methodology For Timely Brain Formations Of 3d Spatial Information With Application To Visually Impaired Navigation, Spyridon Manganas
A Novel Methodology For Timely Brain Formations Of 3d Spatial Information With Application To Visually Impaired Navigation, Spyridon Manganas
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Human brain analysis and understanding pose several challenges due to the great complexity of the structural organization and the functional connectivity that characterizes the human brain. The ability of the brain to adapt in dynamic changes over time such as normal aging, neurodegenerative diseases or congenital brain malformations renders the brain’s exploration a particularly demanding and difficult task. In recent years, advances in brain imaging modalities and lately the multimodal fusion, combined with improvements in related technologies have greatly assisted the development of brain maps by providing insights regarding the overall brain structure and functionality. Even though the existence of …
Adenovirus Co-Opts Neutrophilic Inflammation In Order To Enhance Entry Into Epithelial Cells, James Matthew Readler
Adenovirus Co-Opts Neutrophilic Inflammation In Order To Enhance Entry Into Epithelial Cells, James Matthew Readler
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Human adenoviruses (AdV) are double-stranded DNA viruses that can cause a range of diseases. While AdV respiratory infections are often mild and self-limited, severe manifestations such as fulminant pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are not uncommon. In order to identify potential modalities to treat AdV infections and potentially enhance the effectiveness of AdV vector delivery, a thorough mechanistic understanding of how AdV enters host cells is needed. Previous studies have revealed polarized epithelia, one of the primary targets for AdV respiratory infections, are highly resistant to AdV entry from the apical (luminal) surface. However, upon exposure to interleukin …
Quantification Of Optical Parameters Using Frequency Domain Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (Fd-Fnirs), Christopher W. Davies
Quantification Of Optical Parameters Using Frequency Domain Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (Fd-Fnirs), Christopher W. Davies
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Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive technique that uses near-infrared light and hemoglobin as the contrast to characterize tissue optical properties, namely optical absorption [����] and scattering [����′ ]. Through this characterization, it is possible to obtain information about the tissue’s oxygenated (HbO) and deoxygenated (Hb) hemoglobin concentrations and oxygen saturation which are important physiological markers for diagnosis and intervention monitoring. Many commercial devices use a continuous wave approach (CW-fNIRS), a technique that simply relies on intensity changes from a constant power laser to determine only relative changes in oxygenation. This is a significant limitation for clinical settings where …
Rescue Of Als Protein Fus Toxicity By Taf, Elliott Hayden
Rescue Of Als Protein Fus Toxicity By Taf, Elliott Hayden
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Amyotrophic Lateral Scleroses (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord leading to progressive paralysis and ultimately death within 5 years of symptom onset. Only two drugs are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating ALS that slow the disease progression by about 3 months. Mutations in the gene Fused in Sarcoma (FUS) cause inherited forms of ALS. FUS is a nuclear, multifunctional RNA-binding protein (RBP) involved in multiple RNA metabolic pathways. Mutations in FUS cause mislocalization of the protein from the nucleus to …
Improve Operating Room Utilization Through Distributed Scheduling Workflow And Automation, Miteshkumar Mahendrabhai Vasoya
Improve Operating Room Utilization Through Distributed Scheduling Workflow And Automation, Miteshkumar Mahendrabhai Vasoya
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Operating room (OR) plays a crucial role in health care, contributing more than 50% of the hospital’s revenue and incurring over 35% of the hospital’s expense, ultimately determining the hospital’s profitability. Moreover, because the OR is a primary source of admissions, it is virtually impossible to streamline hospital‐wide workflow without first streamlining patient flow through the OR. Unfortunately, current OR scheduling practices often limit the utilization of OR, one of the most expensive resources in the health care industry, to around 60%. On the other hand, many patients have to wait an excessively long time before their surgeries can be …
The Characterization And Fatigue Life Impact From Surface Roughness On Structurally Relevant Features Produced Using Additive Manufacturing, Eric-Paul Daniel Tatman
The Characterization And Fatigue Life Impact From Surface Roughness On Structurally Relevant Features Produced Using Additive Manufacturing, Eric-Paul Daniel Tatman
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Additive manufacturing (AM) produces rough surfaces that are detrimental to the mechanical performance of the part. In this work, downward-facing surfaces were fabricated in alloy 718 using laser powder bed fusion and investigated with surface characterization and axial fatigue testing. Coupons with downward-facing surfaces at 45°, 60°, and 75° and flat axial fatigue bars with as-built and machined holes were built. Both specimens were fabricated with three levels of downskin laser power and the coupons with three levels of downskin laser speed. Surface characterization showed roughness increased as the downward-facing angle decreased. Fatigue testing with digital image correlation showed localized …
Implementation Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Reporting Plume Cloud Concentration Values In A 3d Simulation Environment, Emily Catherine Novak
Implementation Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Reporting Plume Cloud Concentration Values In A 3d Simulation Environment, Emily Catherine Novak
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Unmanned aerial vehicles, or UAVs, have the potential to vastly improve plume cloud tracking at low cost. Plume clouds can be produced from blast mining, chemical warfare, unintended man-made disasters, and natural causes. This thesis provides implementation of the capability to simulate a 3D environment in which UAVs are individually controlled and each report a plume's concentration value at a specific location. It leverages existing industry standard technologies, including the PX4 autopilot system, the Gazebo simulation environment, the Robot Operating System (ROS), and QGroundControl. The provided system integrates the existing tools with a plume model plug-in that provides simulated plume …
Design Of A Novel Tissue Culture System To Subject Aortic Tissue To Multidirectional Bicuspid Aortic Valve Wall Shear Stress, Janet Liu
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Blood vessels experience complex hemodynamics marked by three-dimensionality and pulsatility. Arterial endothelial cells interact with the characteristics of the fluid wall shear stress (WSS) to maintain homeostasis or promote disease states. In particular, the bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), a congenital heart valve anatomy consisting of two leaflets instead of three, is associated with aortic complications presumably promoted by hemodynamic abnormalities. While devices have been used to test this hypothesis, their capabilities are limited to the generation of time-varying WSS magnitude in one direction. However, the increased flow helicity generated by BAVs in the aorta is expected to result in increased …
Simulation Of A Mos Or Mis Structured Spatial Light Modulator For Terahertz (Thz) Imaging, Md Shahanur Alam
Simulation Of A Mos Or Mis Structured Spatial Light Modulator For Terahertz (Thz) Imaging, Md Shahanur Alam
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A large area, square-gate Metal-Oxide/Insulator-Semiconductor (MOS or MIS) structured `Spatial Light Modulator' has been proposed for the Terahertz (THz) imaging at room temperature. This theoretical study has been done entirely by using the MATLAB platform. The 1D Poisson's equation has been solved iteratively by Euler's method with the exact Fermi-Dirac integral for n-doped Si-MOS and GaAs- MIS capacitors in deep accumulation mode. Free carrier density and the potential profile have been found for the degenerate case. The results have been compared with the analytical method, which is approximated by Boltzmann statistics, and clearly, show the difference between the degenerate case …
Threats And Mitigation Of Ddos Cyberattacks Against The U.S. Power Grid Via Ev Charging, Glenn Sean Morrison
Threats And Mitigation Of Ddos Cyberattacks Against The U.S. Power Grid Via Ev Charging, Glenn Sean Morrison
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Cars are an ever changing and integral part of modern society. Two of the biggest changes in vehicles today are their heavy integration with wireless communication and the push toward battery powered Electric Vehicles (EV). EV and EV charging stations have become a part of the Internet of Things (IoT). While this connectedness increases the convenience and functionality of the vehicles and charging stations, it also opens them up to a wide range of cyber threats. This thesis examines the potential threats against the EV charging ecosystem through a historical analysis of past cyberattacks and identified vulnerabilities. As EV charging …
Evaluation Of Consumer Drone Control Interface, Thomas William Merrell
Evaluation Of Consumer Drone Control Interface, Thomas William Merrell
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The development and use of consumer grade drones is becoming a larger part of our society for many different applications. There has been a great amount of discussion and constant review of proper operation of consumer drones including proper methods of control. In turn, regulation of such devices has been inconsistent. This study aims to better understand the effects of the three primary control interface methods (line of sight, video aided, and first-person view) on flight performance, situational awareness, and perceived mental workload of the operator. Secondarily, this study aims to provide design recommendations for future interfaces. This study shows …
Malware Analysis Skills Taught In University Courses, Swetha Gorugantu
Malware Analysis Skills Taught In University Courses, Swetha Gorugantu
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Career opportunities for malware analysts are growing at a fast pace due to the evolving nature of cyber threats as well as the necessity to counter them. However, employers are often unable to hire analysts fast though due to a lack of the required skillset. Hence, the primary purpose of the thesis is to conduct a gap analysis between the binary analysis skills taught in universities with those that the recruiters are looking for. Malware can be analyzed using three main types of tools and techniques: high-level profiling, static analysis, and dynamic analysis. These methods provide detailed information about the …
Hardware Security And Vlsi Design Optimization, Hao Xue
Hardware Security And Vlsi Design Optimization, Hao Xue
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Microelectronic circuit is ubiquitous component of modern electrical devices. The increasing complexity and professionality of phases in microelectronic supply chain bring more global cooperation to integrated circuit (IC) production. Therefore, providing a secure environment for microelectronic circuit design does not ensure the integrity of the hardware since any participator of IC fabrication has the opportunity to implant a malicious alteration in original IC design. Especially overseas chip-fabrication is a vital potential threat for national defense products. In theory, anyone who has access to fabrication process can tamper with the original design, with the potential to change function, modify parametric properties …
Multi-Scale And Multi-Modal Streaming Data Aggregation And Processing For Decision Support During Natural Disasters, Shruti Kar
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With the surge in digital information systems, there is a data deluge from various sources that can be analyzed and integrated to produce relevant, reliable and actionable information, for better decision making. We employ multi-modal data (i.e., unstructured text, gazetteers, and imagery) for an aggregate level analysis and location-centric demand/request matching in the context of disaster relief. After classifying the Need expressed in a tweet (the WHAT), we leverage OpenStreetMap to geolocate that Need on a computationally accessible map of the local terrain (the WHERE) populated with location features such as hospitals and housing. Further, our novel use of flood …
Real-Time Path Planning And Obstacle Avoidance For Mobile Robots With Actuator Faults, Ravindra Vibha Bellur
Real-Time Path Planning And Obstacle Avoidance For Mobile Robots With Actuator Faults, Ravindra Vibha Bellur
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In this research, a fault-tolerant path planning and obstacle avoidance algorithm is implemented for mobile ground robots. The fault-tolerant system architecture consists of the following three components: (1) an online fault diagnosis module for detecting and estimating actuator faults in the mobile robot; (2) a localization and mapping module for dynamic terrain mapping and obstacle detection; (3) a path planning and obstacle avoidance module for generating way points from a given point to the desired destination, avoiding the detected obstacles and moving along these way points. The online fault diagnostic information is used to compensate for the effect of faults, …
Development Of An Ios App For Learning Intonation Of Wind Instruments, Swathi Pamidi
Development Of An Ios App For Learning Intonation Of Wind Instruments, Swathi Pamidi
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Learning music instrument is a challenging task for a beginner without constant guidance from an instructor. The primary objective of this thesis research is to design and develop an iOS mobile / iPad learning app that helps users to learn and practice intonation for a suite of wind instruments by themselves with comfort and ease through app-provided tuning and charting guidance and app-assisted self-assessment. Particularly, our successfully-implemented app provides the following features to enhance the user's learning experience: 1 ) Provides learners easy-to-access information for the fingering and tuning techniques of wind instruments by converting Dr. Shelley Jagow's book - …
Control And Optimization Of Power In Llc Converter Using Phase Control, Nagasri Kollipara
Control And Optimization Of Power In Llc Converter Using Phase Control, Nagasri Kollipara
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LLC resonant converters are popular among resonant topologies due to their high efficiency and ability to achieve ZVS and ZCS for wide input range. LLC resonant converters are controlled by frequency modulation (FM), which makes converter difficult to optimize the system in terms of achieving efficient power conversion. FM technique also generate wide range of harmonics which leads to a wide sweep in operating frequency, which can run into regulatory EMI test limits and cause electromagnetic compatibility issues. The performance of LLC topology extends to their poor efficiency at lighter loads, due to constant high magnetization current. In order to …