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Articles 271 - 300 of 1369
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Improving Pain Management In Patients With Sickle Cell Disease Using Machine Learning Techniques, Fan Yang
Improving Pain Management In Patients With Sickle Cell Disease Using Machine Learning Techniques, Fan Yang
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Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited red blood cell disorder that can cause a multitude of complications throughout a patient's life. Pain is the most common complication and a significant cause of morbidity. Since pain is a highly subjective experience, both medical providers and patients express difficulty in determining ideal treatment and management strategies for pain. Therefore, the development of objective pain assessment and pain forecasting methods is critical to pain management in SCD. On the other hand, the rapidly increasing use of mobile health (mHealth) technology and wearable devices gives the ability to build a remote health intervention …
Enabling Static Program Analysis Using A Graph Database, Jialun Liu
Enabling Static Program Analysis Using A Graph Database, Jialun Liu
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This thesis presents the design, the implementation, and the evaluation of a database-oriented static program analysis engine for the PHP programming language. This engine analyzes PHP programs by representing their semantics using a graph-based data structure, which will be subsequently stored into a graph database. Such scheme will fundamentally facilitate various program analysis tasks such as static taint analysis, visualization, and data mining. Specifically, these complex program analysis tasks can now be translated into built-in declarative graph database operations with rich features. Our engine fundamentally differs from other existing static program analysis systems that mainly leverage intermediate representation (IRs) to …
Renca Macrobeads Inhibit Tumor Cell Growth Via Egfr Activation And Regulation Of Mef2 Isoform Expression, Prithy Caroline Martis
Renca Macrobeads Inhibit Tumor Cell Growth Via Egfr Activation And Regulation Of Mef2 Isoform Expression, Prithy Caroline Martis
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Tumors are heterogeneous systems, whose growth is influenced by intrinsic properties of malignant cells, external systemic factors (i.e. immune, neural, endocrine, etc.), and the dynamic interactions between tumor cells and their microenvironment. Given the inherent complexity of cancers, combined with the continual evolution of tumors and the development of treatment resistance, a precision medicine approach may not provide an optimal clinical response. Exploring a new paradigm that focuses on regulating cancer as a system may not only control tumor progression but also address the extraordinary challenges of tumor heterogeneity and disease recurrence in order to improve clinical outcomes. As a …
Logistic Function Based Nonlinear Modeling And Circuit Analysis Of The Bipolar Vacancy Migration Memristor, Isaac P. Abraham
Logistic Function Based Nonlinear Modeling And Circuit Analysis Of The Bipolar Vacancy Migration Memristor, Isaac P. Abraham
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Memristor is an acronym for memory resistor. Memristors promise to be building blocks for high density memory and analog computation. Hewlett Packard’s announcement in 2008 of having fabricated a memristor on an integrated circuit scale has created a tangible excitement in this field. Understanding and exploiting the full potential of these devices requires good compact models. Symbolic modeling provides a balance between achieving accurate empirical fit and generating closed form expressions. This dissertation simplifies the transport equation into a variable coefficient advection equation, very similar to a Burgers’ equation traditionally used in fluid dynamics. The Burgers’-like model reveals the dual …
Joint Shelf Design And Shelf Space Allocation Problem For Retailers, Hakan Gecili
Joint Shelf Design And Shelf Space Allocation Problem For Retailers, Hakan Gecili
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Although the retail business has been exploring innovative ways to engage shoppers, the COVID-19 pandemic has sped up their effort. Because of its unique benefits, physical stores will continue to remain an integral part of the overall retail business. However, to stay competitive, retailers will be forced to effectively utilize their available space in physical store (and even reduce it if need be), while offering a reasonably large assortment of products on their shelves. For many such retailers, the design of planograms – visual representation of products on shelves – is still driven by prior experience and intuition. Further, existing …
Topological Analysis Of Averaged Sentence Embeddings, Wesley J. Holmes
Topological Analysis Of Averaged Sentence Embeddings, Wesley J. Holmes
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Sentence embeddings are frequently generated by using complex, pretrained models that were trained on a very general corpus of data. This thesis explores a potential alternative method for generating high-quality sentence embeddings for highly specialized corpora in an efficient manner. A framework for visualizing and analyzing sentence embeddings is developed to help assess the quality of sentence embeddings for a highly specialized corpus of documents related to the 2019 coronavirus epidemic. A Topological Data Analysis (TDA) technique is explored as an alternative method for grouping embeddings for document clustering and topic modeling tasks and is compared to a simple clustering …
Design Of A Novel Wearable Ultrasound Vest For Autonomous Monitoring Of The Heart Using Machine Learning, Garrett G. Goodman
Design Of A Novel Wearable Ultrasound Vest For Autonomous Monitoring Of The Heart Using Machine Learning, Garrett G. Goodman
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As the population of older individuals increases worldwide, the number of people with cardiovascular issues and diseases is also increasing. The rate at which individuals in the United States of America and worldwide that succumb to Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is rising as well. Approximately 2,303 Americans die to some form of CVD per day according to the American Heart Association. Furthermore, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention states that 647,000 Americans die yearly due to some form of CVD, which equates to one person every 37 seconds. Finally, the World Health Organization reports that the number one cause of …
A First Principles Study Of Pipe Diffusion In Nickel, Luke J. Wirth
A First Principles Study Of Pipe Diffusion In Nickel, Luke J. Wirth
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Vacancy-mediated diffusion along dislocations, often referred to as pipe diffusion, can contribute to creep deformation of metals in many engineering applications. This process is studied along an a/2⟨1 -1 0⟩ screw dislocation in fcc Ni using a density functional theory approach. An accurate geometrical configuration of the screw dislocation core, dissociated into Shockley partial dislocations and separated by a stacking fault, was previously derived using a lattice Green's function technique. Activation energies and frequencies are calculated for atom-vacancy exchanges that contribute to diffusion around and along one of the partial cores. This analysis reveals the significant role of the sites …
The Steady-State Analysis Of The Non-Isolated And Isolated Type Sepic Pwm Dc-Dc Converters For Ccm, Anuroop Reddy Dasari
The Steady-State Analysis Of The Non-Isolated And Isolated Type Sepic Pwm Dc-Dc Converters For Ccm, Anuroop Reddy Dasari
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The purpose of this thesis is to develop the theory for analysing and designing the non-isolated and isolated type of SEPIC converters for continuous conduction mode (CCM). The non-isolated converter has single output. The isolated converter considered has two cases: single output and multi-output. The principle of operation of each circuit is explained during different time intervals of the switching cycle. The analytical expressions for various characteristics of the circuits are derived, such as: MV DC and MIDC of the lossless and lossy converter; average and peak-to-peak currents through the inductors, primary and secondary windings of the transformer; average and …
Geoaware - A Simulation-Based Framework For Synthetic Trajectory Generation From Mobility Patterns, Jameson D. Morgan
Geoaware - A Simulation-Based Framework For Synthetic Trajectory Generation From Mobility Patterns, Jameson D. Morgan
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Recent advances in location acquisition services have resulted in vast amounts of trajectory data; providing valuable insight into human mobility. The field of trajectory data mining has exploded as a result, with literature detailing algorithms for (pre)processing, map matching, pattern mining, and the like. Unfortunately, obtaining trajectory data for the design and evaluation of such algorithms is problematic due to privacy, ethical, dataset size, researcher access, and sampling frequency concerns. Synthetic trajectories provide a solution to such a problem as they are cheap to produce and are derived from a fully controllable generation procedure. Citing deficiencies in modern synthetic trajectory …
Quadrotor Uav Flight Control With Integrated Mapping And Path Planning Capabilities, Jason A. Gauthier
Quadrotor Uav Flight Control With Integrated Mapping And Path Planning Capabilities, Jason A. Gauthier
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Quadrotor UAVs have become a common and easily acquirable hardware platform for research and development with control laws, mapping systems, and path planning. In this research, a non-linear model of a quadrotor UAV is linearized with model parameters being identified using collected flight data. The PID, LQR, and backstepping control laws are implemented. An adaptive control law is also implemented to handle the loss of effectiveness in motor actuation. Additionally, this research also implements a laser-based SLAM algorithm for mapping and localization in an unknown two-dimensional environment. Path planning and obstacle avoidance algorithms are implemented onboard using the Robot Operating …
Ab Initio Modeling Of An Electron Transport Layer Interface In Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells, Krantikumar Subhash Pawar
Ab Initio Modeling Of An Electron Transport Layer Interface In Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells, Krantikumar Subhash Pawar
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Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cell is an emerging technology which has shown the fastest advancement in power conversion efficiency within a few years since introduction, thus making it one of the clean energy breakthroughs. These cells are based on thin-film technology which makes them suitable to manufacture using low-cost solution processing methods. As these types of cells are easily tunable with the selection of different materials, interfacial engineering is an important approach to increasing their efficiency. One of the main hurdles in this regard is the loss caused by the recombination of separated charges. An approach to tackle these issues …
Extracting Information From Subroutines Using Static Analysis Semantics, Luke A. Burnett
Extracting Information From Subroutines Using Static Analysis Semantics, Luke A. Burnett
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Understanding how a system component can interact with other services can take an immeasurable amount of time. Reverse engineering embedded and large systems can rely on understanding how components interact with one another. This process is time consuming and can sometimes be generalized through certain behavior.We will be explaining two such complicated systems and highlighting similarities between them. We will show that through static analysis you can capture compiler behavior and apply it to the understanding of a function, reducing the total time required to understand a component of whichever system you are learning.
Predicting Subjective Sleep Quality Using Objective Measurements In Older Adults, Reza Sadeghi
Predicting Subjective Sleep Quality Using Objective Measurements In Older Adults, Reza Sadeghi
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Humans spend almost a third of their lives asleep. Sleep has a pivotal effect on job performance, memory, fatigue recovery, and both mental and physical health. Sleep quality (SQ) is a subjective experience and reported via patients’ self-reports. Predicting subjective SQ based on objective measurements can enhance diagnosis and treatment of SQ defects, especially in older adults who are subject to poor SQ. In this dissertation, we assessed enhancement of subjective SQ prediction using an easy-to-use E4 wearable device, machine learning techniques and identifying disease-specific risk factors of abnormal SQ in older adults. First, we designed a clinical decision support …
Identifying Knowledge Gaps Using A Graph-Based Knowledge Representation, Daniel P. Schmidt
Identifying Knowledge Gaps Using A Graph-Based Knowledge Representation, Daniel P. Schmidt
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Knowledge integration and knowledge bases are becoming more and more prevalent in the systems we use every day. When developing these knowledge bases, it is important to ensure the correctness of the information upon entry, as well as allow queries of all sorts; for this, understanding where the gaps in knowledge can arise is critical. This thesis proposes a descriptive taxonomy of knowledge gaps, along with a framework for automated detection and resolution of some of those gaps. Additionally, the effectiveness of this framework is evaluated in terms of successful responses to queries on a knowledge base constructed from a …
Eye-Tracking To Evaluate Trust In Human-Atr Interaction, Samuel Francis Adelman
Eye-Tracking To Evaluate Trust In Human-Atr Interaction, Samuel Francis Adelman
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Human collaboration with targeting aids have allowed analysts to achieve a greater level of coordination and productivity in a variety of fields. This project investigates the impact that an Assisted Target Recognition (ATR) algorithm’s false alarm rate and the task Target of Interest (TOI) level has on user-system trust and use in a targeting decision task. Previous studies suggest that an increased number of false alarms in an ATR task negatively impacts analyst trust in the system. This study will further contribute to this research, aiming to provide a better framework for appropriate tolerance levels within ATR algorithms, utilizing pre-truthed …
Single-Pixel Camera Based Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging For Non-Contact Tissue Characterization, Alec M. Petrack
Single-Pixel Camera Based Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging For Non-Contact Tissue Characterization, Alec M. Petrack
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Optical imaging has demonstrated potential as a medical imaging modality for measuring tissue functionality. Recently, interest in fluorescence guided surgery has emerged from improvements in optical imaging that have allowed real-time feedback. Of the optical imaging modalities, spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) has gained a lot of interest. Unlike spectroscopic techniques, such as functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and frequency domain spectroscopy that measure bulk tissue properties, SFDI quantifies tissue functionality locally and wide field making it practical for clinical applications. Unfortunately, traditional SFDI systems use multi-pixel detectors, which may not exhibit ideal spectral characteristics, have limited sensitivity, be expensive, …
An Approach To Cluster And Benchmark Regional Emergency Medical Service Agencies, Swetha Kondapalli
An Approach To Cluster And Benchmark Regional Emergency Medical Service Agencies, Swetha Kondapalli
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Emergency Medical Service (EMS) providers are the first responders for an injured patient on the field. Their assessment of patient injuries and determination of an appropriate hospital play a critical role in patient outcomes. A majority of states in the US have established a state-level governing body (e.g., EMS Division) that is responsible for developing and maintaining a robust EMS system throughout the state. Such divisions develop standards, accredit EMS agencies, oversee the trauma system, and support new initiatives through grants and training. But to do so, these divisions require data to enable them to first understand the similarities between …
Metal Coupon Testing In An Axial Rotating Detonation Engine For Wear Characterization, Gary S. North
Metal Coupon Testing In An Axial Rotating Detonation Engine For Wear Characterization, Gary S. North
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Rotating Detonation Engines (RDE) are being explored as a possible way to get better fuel efficiency for turbine engines than is otherwise possible. The walls of the RDE are subjected to cyclic thermal and mechanical shock loading at rates of approximately 3 KHz, with gas temperatures as high as 2976 K. This project performed testing with Inconel 625 and 304 stainless steel coupons in an RDE outer body to attempt to measure material ablation rates. Significant microstructural changes were observed to include grain growth in both alloys, carbide formation and grain boundary melting in Inconel, and formation of delta ferrite …
Primary Processing Parameters And Their Influence On Porosity And Fatigue Life Of Additively Manufactured Alloy 718, Luke C. Sheridan
Primary Processing Parameters And Their Influence On Porosity And Fatigue Life Of Additively Manufactured Alloy 718, Luke C. Sheridan
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In many structural applications void-like defects cause significant performance debits which call for component redesign or post-processing to account for or remove the defects. For laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processes, it has been shown that many of these features and their size and shape characteristics are controllable through LPBF process parameter manipulation. For design efforts, however, it is necessary to understand the direct influences of processing on the formation of porosity and the role that individual pores and porosity distributions have on the properties and performance of AM components. Additionally, design criteria must be established to facilitate implementation of …
Defect Modeling And Vibration-Based Bending Fatigue Of Additively Manufactured Inconel 718, Wesley Earl Eldt
Defect Modeling And Vibration-Based Bending Fatigue Of Additively Manufactured Inconel 718, Wesley Earl Eldt
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Additive manufacturing (AM) is convenient for building components with complex features. However, the long-term integrity of these components is uncertain, since AM parts have defects such as pores and rough surfaces. In this work, an analytical model was developed to determine the impact of defects, and a novel bending fatigue test was used to determine the fatigue life of channeled specimens. The analytical model, based off the theory of critical distances, investigates coupled pores and predicts their potential for fatigue failure. This resulted in a maximum allowable pore size and spacing recommendation for coupled defects. Additionally, specimens with through channels …
Hierarchical Hybrid Materials From Flexible Fabric Substrates, Wenhu Wang
Hierarchical Hybrid Materials From Flexible Fabric Substrates, Wenhu Wang
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The goal of this project is to investigate fabrication approaches and structure-property relationships of porous and flexible hierarchical hybrid solids suitable for advanced surface-active devices. Multi-scale hierarchical carbon materials are being fabricated by strong covalent attachment of multiwall carbon nanotube(MWCNTs) arrays on flexible carbon fabric substrates in order to enhance the surface area per unit volume. This was done using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) after functionalizing the surface with a plasma-derived nano-oxide coating. Structural and chemical characterization is performed using scanning electron microscope(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). Surface area estimates have been made by building structural models …
Stream Clustering And Visualization Of Geotagged Text Data For Crisis Management, Nathaniel C. Crossman
Stream Clustering And Visualization Of Geotagged Text Data For Crisis Management, Nathaniel C. Crossman
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In the last decade, the advent of social media and microblogging services have inevitably changed our world. These services produce vast amounts of streaming data, and one of the most important ways of analyzing and discovering interesting trends in the streaming data is through clustering. In clustering streaming data, it is desirable to perform a single pass over incoming data, such that we do not need to process old data again, and the clustering model should evolve over time not to lose any important feature statistics of the data. In this research, we have developed a new clustering system that …
Optimization Study Of A Combined Wind-Solar Farm For A Specified Demand, Venkat Siddhartha Rama
Optimization Study Of A Combined Wind-Solar Farm For A Specified Demand, Venkat Siddhartha Rama
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At the present time, using wind and solar energy for producing electricity in the United States is becoming cost competitive. According to Lazard’s 2019 [36] levelized cost of energy (LCOE) analysis of a number of energy sources used for producing electricity in the United States, wind and solar are cheaper than natural gas and coal. While capital, maintenance, operation, and fuel costs are included in LCOE numbers, energy source intermittency is not. Intermittency is an important issue with wind and solar energy sources, but not with natural gas or coal energy sources. Combining wind and solar energy sources into one …
Design And Simulation Of Boost Dc - Dc Pulse Width Modulator (Pwm) Feed-Forward Control Converter, Calenia L. Franklin
Design And Simulation Of Boost Dc - Dc Pulse Width Modulator (Pwm) Feed-Forward Control Converter, Calenia L. Franklin
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Military aircraft systems’ power losses are occurring during the loading operations; loading and unloading causes the aircraft systems to lose power. The primary aircraft power source is provided by a 400Hz Ground Power Units (GPU). This GPU provides power to interior lighting, the aircraft cargo compartment, and other electrical systems (i.e. bus). The issues are during loading and unloading on the aircraft, which causes dropout of aircraft power supplied by the external 400Hz GPU. The majority of the military aircraft require a high voltage and a high current with a 270V power output. This thesis analyzes using Feed-Forward PWM Boost …
Visual Sampling With The Eeg Alpha Oscillation, Kevin Eugene Alexander
Visual Sampling With The Eeg Alpha Oscillation, Kevin Eugene Alexander
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The posterior alpha rhythm, seen in human electroencephalograms (EEG), is posited to originate from cycling inhibitory/excitatory states of visual relay cells in the thalamus, which could result in discrete sampling of visual information. Here, we tested this hypothesis by presenting light flashes at perceptual threshold intensity through closed eyelids to 20 participants during times of spontaneous alpha oscillations. Alpha phase and amplitude were calculated relative to each individual’s retina-to-V1 conduction delay, estimated by the individuals’ C1 visual-evoked potential latency. Our results show that an additional 20.96% of stimuli are observed when afferenting at V1 during an alpha wave trough (272.41°) …
An Adversarial Framework For Deep 3d Target Template Generation, Walter E. Waldow
An Adversarial Framework For Deep 3d Target Template Generation, Walter E. Waldow
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This paper presents a framework for the generation of 3D models. This is an important problem for many reasons. For example, 3D models are important for systems that are involved in target recognition. These systems use 3D models to train up accuracy on identifying real world object. Traditional means of gathering 3D models have limitations that the generation of 3D models can help overcome. The framework uses a novel generative adversarial network (GAN) that learns latent representations of two dimensional views of a model to bootstrap the network’s ability to learn to generate three dimensional objects. The novel architecture is …
Additive Manufacturing Techniques To Enhance The Performance Of Electronics Created On Flexible And Rigid Substrates, Aamir Hamed Hamad
Additive Manufacturing Techniques To Enhance The Performance Of Electronics Created On Flexible And Rigid Substrates, Aamir Hamed Hamad
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Different additive manufacturing (AM) methods including fused deposition modeling (FDM) and piezoelectrical drop on demand (DOD) inkjet printing have been used in printed electronics for easy production, easy integration, better performance, and low cost. These methods have been used in producing everyday smart printed electronics such as conformal antennas (planner and non-planar antennas), sensors, actuators, and solar cells created on flexible and rigid substrates. The performance of printed electronics strongly depends on printing techniques and printing resolution that enhance their electrical and mechanical properties. In this dissertation, 3D and surface printing techniques were used to enhance the performance of printed …
Adaptive Multi-Fidelity Modeling For Efficient Design Exploration Under Uncertainty, Atticus J. Beachy
Adaptive Multi-Fidelity Modeling For Efficient Design Exploration Under Uncertainty, Atticus J. Beachy
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This thesis work introduces a novel multi-fidelity modeling framework, which is designed to address the practical challenges encountered in Aerospace vehicle design when 1) multiple low-fidelity models exist, 2) each low-fidelity model may only be correlated with the high-fidelity model in part of the design domain, and 3) models may contain noise or uncertainty. The proposed approach approximates a high-fidelity model by consolidating multiple low-fidelity models using the localized Galerkin formulation. Also, two adaptive sampling methods are developed to efficiently construct an accurate model. The first acquisition formulation, expected effectiveness, searches for the global optimum and is useful for modeling …
Correlating In-Situ Monitoring Data With Internal Defects In Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing, Andrew J. Harvey
Correlating In-Situ Monitoring Data With Internal Defects In Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing, Andrew J. Harvey
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The presence of defects within laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) parts can lead to reduced mechanical properties and life of components. Because of this, the ability to detect these defects within the parts is critical before the part is subject to its intended loading. Normally the parts are subjected to a quality analysis once they are completed however, this process is typically expensive and time consuming. A solution for these problems is to sense the creation of defects and pores in the parts in-situ, while the part is being fabricated. One proposed method of in-situ monitoring is visible spectroscopy to …