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Articles 1081 - 1110 of 1247
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
The Design Of A Data Recorder To Test The Effects Of Color Contrast On 'This Side Up' Pictorial Markings On Package Orientation Within Ups Ground, Rupert Hurley
All Theses
A data recorder was built and qualified to record package orientation over time. The device was then used to observe the effects on package orientation during UPS ground shipping of current and modified ASTM D5445-03 'This Side Up' symbols. Modified symbols on packages demonstrated the effects of contrasting color relationships on symbol noticeability and human compliance. Shipping trials were conducted through UPS distribution centers for cube-shaped packages equipped with custom designed tri-axial accelerometers. Data recorded on 112 shipments provide comparisons of four ASTM D5445-03 'This Side Up' symbols: unmodified, modified blue, modified 'black and white', and control (no symbol). Data …
An Investigative Study Of Patents From An Engineering Design Perspective, Ajit Singh Kanda
An Investigative Study Of Patents From An Engineering Design Perspective, Ajit Singh Kanda
All Theses
Preservation and reuse of valuable design experience aids in the design of new products and processes. Product design repositories are presently being used as a means to preserve and later reuse design knowledge. As such, patent databases such as the United States Patent office and the European Patent Office offer design knowledge in the form of patents. Unfortunately, these sources of novel design solutions do not appear to have been have not been effectively used in the context of engineering design.
In this research, the role of patents in a systematic design process is reviewed understand its utility in the …
Three Design Tool Focused Case Studies Of Mechanical Engineering Design Projects, William Miller
Three Design Tool Focused Case Studies Of Mechanical Engineering Design Projects, William Miller
All Theses
Three long term mechanical engineering design projects spanning 24 months, 12 months, and 4 months are examined in this thesis. These projects are used to explore the development of a way to represent information flow throughout the design process with respect to design tools used. This is a first step in a broader effort to formalize 1) modeling of design processes, 2) establishing case study research as a formal approach to design research, and 3) developing new design process tools.
A survey of existing models compares the differences between current approaches and the limitations of each. Inspired by IDEF0, an …
Enhancement Of Information Management Capabilities In Mdo Framework, Santosh Hiriyannaiah
Enhancement Of Information Management Capabilities In Mdo Framework, Santosh Hiriyannaiah
All Theses
Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) frameworks have been developed to facilitate the integration of disciplinary analysis codes and optimization techniques. Recent advances in MDO frameworks have addressed issues related to data exchange, distributed computing, process integration and trade study. However, managing, storing and sharing MDO problem information have not yet been fully addressed. In this research a software configuration is proposed. The configuration is built upon a structured repository, common file system and software applications. The configuration is integrated into a commercially available MDO framework to manage, store and share MDO problem information. A common file system proposed in this research …
Experimental Framework For The Position Control Of Magnetic Microfibers, Sriram Ravindren
Experimental Framework For The Position Control Of Magnetic Microfibers, Sriram Ravindren
All Theses
Magnetic microfibers have been developed in recent years with potential applications to a large number of fields, from MEMS to microfluidics to bio-chemical analyses. Magnetic microfibers based on polymer material like polypropylene and cellulose has been developed at Clemson University that are hollow cylindrical filaments internally coated with superparamagnetic nanoparticles. This internal coating provides the fiber with magnetic properties that allow them to be externally controlled using magnetic fields from a distance. These fibers can align with the external magnetic fields under constraints imposed by elastic properties and boundary conditions. Current work in this field is primarily focused on the …
Design Process Modeling: Towards An Ontology Of Engineering Design Activities, Pavan Kumar
Design Process Modeling: Towards An Ontology Of Engineering Design Activities, Pavan Kumar
All Theses
An ontology of engineering design activities, called the Design Activity Ontology (DAO), is developed in this research. The DAO models 82 information flows and 25 design activities. These activities cover phases of the design process from conceptual phase through detail design phase. The ontology provides a formalized and structured vocabulary of design activities for consistency and exchange of design process models. The DAO enables design processes to be modeled, analyzed and optimized. The DAO is constructed using information flows identified in current design literature, commonly accepted engineering design textbooks, and an existing activity ontology. Specifically, the DAO is an extension …
Electrokinetic Transport In Micro- And Nano- Channels:A Study Examining Electrokinetic Energy Conversion And Dielectrophoretic Particle Separation, Christian Davidson
Electrokinetic Transport In Micro- And Nano- Channels:A Study Examining Electrokinetic Energy Conversion And Dielectrophoretic Particle Separation, Christian Davidson
All Theses
New micro-fabrication techniques have allowed for the recent development of micro-scale lab on a chip devices which can be utilized for on chip biological analysis as well as electrokinetic energy conversion. This thesis aims to theoretically examine the current thermodynamic efficiency discrepancies in electrokinetic energy conversion devices as well as explore the potential for efficiency increase in a device which supports fluid slip. Also, a micro-fluidic lab on a chip device is fabricated and demonstrated to be capable of continuously separating multiple particles of 1μm, 5μm and 10μm out of a bulk solution. Our device employs a DC dielectrophoretic technique, …
Fecal Coliform Source Identification Using Chemical Tracers, Nicole Fahrenfeld
Fecal Coliform Source Identification Using Chemical Tracers, Nicole Fahrenfeld
All Theses
Fecal sterols and fluorinated whitening agents (FWA) were used as chemical tracers for fecal coliform source tracking in Cane and Little Cane creeks in Walhalla, SC. Fecal sterols were quantifiable in both stream sediments and suspended particulates using an extraction, clean-up, and analytical method modified from Isobe et al. (2002) with a N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) derivatization scheme. Only human sterol source identification ratios were able to be calculated using the chosen sterol suite. Human fecal signatures were seen in both the sediment and the water column at various points along both creeks, indicating human fecal pollution is contributing to the fecal …
Risedronate Prevents Early Bone Loss Resulting From Whole-Body Irradiation, Eric Livingston
Risedronate Prevents Early Bone Loss Resulting From Whole-Body Irradiation, Eric Livingston
All Theses
Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by a reduction in bone strength resulting in an overall increase in the risk of fracture. There are many factors that contribute to the development of this condition, including ionizing radiation exposure. Declines in bone volume and trabecular micro-architecture have been found following exposure to multiple types of radiation. Past research has implicated reduction of osteoblast function and changes to vasculature as the primary sources of bone deterioration. Recently, an early increase in osteoclast number was observed following exposure to low-energy X-rays, identifying an increase in resorption as a possible cause and potential target for …
Flow Boiling Of Acetone In Parallel Rectangular Mini-Channels, Rafael Zimmermann
Flow Boiling Of Acetone In Parallel Rectangular Mini-Channels, Rafael Zimmermann
All Theses
Recent miniaturization of cooling systems has demanded better designing tools for compact heat exchangers. Forced two-phase flow through small channels is an effective way to better performance in a limited space. However, the characteristics of flow boiling in small channels differ from those in regular size channels, prompting a need for better understanding and development of predictive tools.
The characteristics of flow boiling in compact heat exchangers with parallel rectangular mini-channels of cross sections 0.50 x 0.50 mm, 0.75 x 0.75 mm, 1.00 x 1.00 mm, and 1.50 x 1.50 mm were experimentally investigated. Acetone was the fluid of choice, …
Estimation Of Vehicle Mass And Road Grade, Tejas Ghotikar
Estimation Of Vehicle Mass And Road Grade, Tejas Ghotikar
All Theses
This thesis describes development of a real-time-implementable algorithm for simultaneous estimation of a heavy vehicle's mass and time-varying road grade and its verification with experimental data. Accurate estimate of a heavy vehicle's mass is critical in several vehicle control functions such as in transmission and stability control. The goal is to utilize the standard signals on a vehicle in a model-based estimation strategy, as opposed to a more costly sensor-based approach. The challenge is that unknown road grade complicates model-based estimation of vehicle mass and therefore the time-varying grade should be estimated simultaneously. In addition an estimate of road grade …
Stability Analysis And Decentralized Control Of Coupled Oscillators With Feedback Delays, Saurabh Keni
Stability Analysis And Decentralized Control Of Coupled Oscillators With Feedback Delays, Saurabh Keni
All Theses
Most dynamic systems do not react instantaneously to actuation signals. The temporal evolution of some others is based on retarded communications or depends on information from the past. In such cases, the mathematical models used to describe these systems must include information about the past dynamics of the states. These models are often referred to as delay or retarded systems. Delays could channel energy in and out of a system at incorrect time intervals producing instabilities and rendering controllers' performance ineffective.
The purpose of this research is two folds. The first investigates the effect of inherent system delays on the …
Fpga Acceleration Of A Cortical And A Matched Filter-Based Algorithm, Kenneth Rice
Fpga Acceleration Of A Cortical And A Matched Filter-Based Algorithm, Kenneth Rice
All Theses
Digital image processing is a widely used and diverse field. It is used in a broad array of areas such as tracking and detection, object avoidance, computer vision, and numerous other applications. For many image processing tasks, the computations can become time consuming. Therefore, a means for accelerating the computations would be beneficial. Using that as motivation, this thesis examines the acceleration of two distinctly different image processing applications. The first image processing application examined is a recent neocortex inspired cognitive model geared towards pattern recognition as seen in the visual cortex. For this model, both software and reconfigurable logic …
Topology And Free-Size Optimization With Multiple Loading Conditions For Light Weight Design Of Die Cast Automotive Backrest Frame, Sreeram Polavarapu
Topology And Free-Size Optimization With Multiple Loading Conditions For Light Weight Design Of Die Cast Automotive Backrest Frame, Sreeram Polavarapu
All Theses
Automotive seats provide comfort and safety to the occupant travelling in the vehicle. An optimized seat design should be aesthetically pleasing, lightweight and meet the safety requirements. An automotive seat with occupant is subjected to various kinds of forces in the event of crash and should be designed for strength and stiffness as measured by stress and strain, and deflection. In this work, finite element analysis, together with topology and free-size optimization is used to design a lightweight die cast automotive front seat backrest frame when subjected to loads prescribed by ECE R17 European government regulations and additional loads which …
Computational Analysis Of Feasibility And Utility Of Direct-Adhesion Polymer-To-Metal Hybrid Technologies For Use In Load Bearing Body-In-White Automotive Components, Vijay Sellappan
All Theses
Traditionally, metals and plastics are fierce competitors in many automotive engineering applications. This paradigm is gradually being abolished as the polymer-metal-hybrid (PMH) technologies, developed over the last decade, are finding ways to take full advantage of the two classes of materials by combining them into a singular component/sub-assembly. By employing one of the several patented PMH technologies, automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) have succeeded in engaging flexible assembly strategies, decreasing capital expenditures and reducing labor required for vehicle manufacture. The basic concept utilized in all PMH technologies is based on the fact that while an open-channel thin-wall sheet-metal component can …
Compliant Multi-Link Vehicle Suspensions, Souharda Raghavendra
Compliant Multi-Link Vehicle Suspensions, Souharda Raghavendra
All Theses
One of the goals of automotive lightweight engineering is to achieve reduction in mass, cost, and complexity of vehicle components, subsystems and systems without sacrificing functionality and expected performance. This thesis addresses functionally integrated suspension systems that could lead to reduction in part count and mass and save packaging space. It deals with the analysis of multi-link suspensions that combine the function of energy storage and the mechanism of wheel location and guidance within individual compliant links and members.
To explore possibilities, a generic kinematic model of an independent five-link suspension was built in the MSC.ADAMS multi-body dynamics simulation environment. …
Biomechanical Evaluation Of Two Methods Of Humeral Shaft Fixation, Joshua Catanzarite
Biomechanical Evaluation Of Two Methods Of Humeral Shaft Fixation, Joshua Catanzarite
All Theses
Biomechanical evaluations of fracture fixation devices attempt to determine implant performance by approximating the in vivo conditions. This performance is affected by many factors and relies on the complex bone-implant interface. Biomechanical tests can be designed in a variety of ways in order to evaluate device performance with respect to any number of these bone-implant interactions. Standardized tests, designed by groups such as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), are often designed either to determine the performance of a specific type of fixation device or for direct comparison between different devices. Additionally, many biomechanical evaluations are designed for …
Investigation Of The Discharge Coefficient For Circular Orifices In Riser Pipes, David Prohaska
Investigation Of The Discharge Coefficient For Circular Orifices In Riser Pipes, David Prohaska
All Theses
The purpose of this study is to examine the discharge coefficient as it pertains to
flow through a circular orifice cut into a thin-walled vertical riser pipe. Perforated riser
pipes are a popular outlet control structure for stormwater detention basins. These
basins are used to store and release stormwater runoff from impervious areas of
developed sites. Federal, state, and local regulatory agencies provide requirements for
the quality of stormwater runoff, as well as the maximum peak discharges from a
developed site. Accurately determining the flow rate from a perforated vertical riser
pipe is crucial to meeting these requirements and protecting …
Autonomous Navigation And Mapping Using Monocular Low-Resolution Grayscale Vision, Vidya Murali
Autonomous Navigation And Mapping Using Monocular Low-Resolution Grayscale Vision, Vidya Murali
All Theses
Vision has been a powerful tool for navigation of intelligent and man-made systems ever since the cybernetics revolution in the 1970s. There have been two basic approaches to the navigation of computer controlled systems: The self-contained bottom-up development of sensorimotor abilities, namely perception and mobility, and the top-down approach, namely artificial intelligence, reasoning and knowledge based methods. The three-fold goal of autonomous exploration, mapping and localization of a mobile robot however, needs to be developed within a single framework. An algorithm is proposed to answer the challenges of autonomous corridor navigation and mapping by a mobile robot equipped with a …
Quantifying Antalgic Gait Knee Function Using Inertial Sensor Technology, William Mostertz
Quantifying Antalgic Gait Knee Function Using Inertial Sensor Technology, William Mostertz
All Theses
The use of body-fixed inertial sensors to analyze human movement may prove useful in the medical field. Improving orthopaedic device design, diagnosing musculoskeletal disorders, and rehabilitation assessment could all benefit from a mobile gait analysis system based on inertial sensors. More specifically, patients recovering from lower limb corrective surgeries tend to adjust gait patterns to accommodate pain, a condition referred to as antalgic gait. Currently there is no quantitative method available to assess recovery for this patient population during post-operative management. A comparison of the inertial sensor system with the camera-based industry standard has confirmed it as a viable method …
Person Detection And Tracking Using Binocular Lucas-Kanade Feature Tracking And K-Means Clustering, Christopher Dunkel
Person Detection And Tracking Using Binocular Lucas-Kanade Feature Tracking And K-Means Clustering, Christopher Dunkel
All Theses
In this thesis, we present the design and implementation of a method for real-time person detection and tracking. Many current methods for detecting and tracking people rely on color contrast or movement to segment the image. Using color, however, requires the target and the background to be significantly different, and motion segmentation requires the target to be in constant motion relative to the background, often requiring stationary cameras. Pattern detection methods have also been applied to the problem of detecting pedestrians, but these approaches are slower and require stationary cameras to function. The method we present in this work does …
Investigation Of The Effects Of Aggregate Properties And Gradation On Pervious Concrete Mixtures, Andrew Neptune
Investigation Of The Effects Of Aggregate Properties And Gradation On Pervious Concrete Mixtures, Andrew Neptune
All Theses
Pervious concrete is a concrete mixture prepared from cement, aggregates, water, little or no fines and in some cases admixtures. It has been considered a Best Management Practice by the EPA because of its ability to reduce storm water runoff and to initiate the filtering of pollutants. Because the hydrologic properties of pervious concrete has been the primary reason for its reappearance in construction, the focus of previous research has been on maximizing the drainage properties of the mix with single-sized aggregates. This research, however, investigates the effects of aggregate properties and gradation on the strength, as well as hydrologic …
Channel-Access And Routing Protocols To Utilize Multiple Heterogeneous Channels For Ad Hoc Networks, Crystal Jackson
Channel-Access And Routing Protocols To Utilize Multiple Heterogeneous Channels For Ad Hoc Networks, Crystal Jackson
All Theses
In this thesis, we consider a multi-channel ad hoc network employing frequency-agile radios that utilize direct-sequence spread-spectrum signaling. Two of the key distributed protocols for this type of network control channel access and routing. The channel-access protocol is responsible for controlling access to the channels available to the terminals in the network, and the routing protocol determines how packets are forwarded among the terminals in the network. To achieve reliable and efficient network performance, these protocols should cooperate with one another and take advantage of the multiple channels available to the network.
In this thesis, we investigate a number of …
The Electrical Characterization Of Tantalum Capacitors As Mis Devices, Brian Holman
The Electrical Characterization Of Tantalum Capacitors As Mis Devices, Brian Holman
All Theses
Electrical characteristics of a new class of tantalum capacitor are presented. Specifically, this type of tantalum capacitor is manufactured by KEMET Electronics Corporation and utilizes Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiolphene) (PEDOT) as the cathode material. There are two capacitor varieties based on the polymerization method used for the PEDOT. One uses In-Situ polymerization, and the other uses Pre-Polymerization. Existing polymer Ta capacitors use In-Situ polymerization while Pre-Polymerization is a new technique of cathode application. We investigated both types of devices to determine what, if any, performance benefits were gained by using Pre-Poly.
In a basic form Ta capacitors consist of a Ta anode, Ta2O5 …
Optimization And Characterization Of Biodiesel Production From Cottonseed And Canola Oil, Hem Joshi
Optimization And Characterization Of Biodiesel Production From Cottonseed And Canola Oil, Hem Joshi
All Theses
Transesterification of cottonseed oil and canola oil was carried out using low molecular weight alcohols and potassium hydroxide. For cottonseed oil, a central composite design with eight factorial, six center and six axial points was used to study the effect of catalyst concentration, molar ratio of ethanol to cottonseed oil and reaction temperature on percentage yield and percentage initial absorbance (%A385nm) of the biodiesel. Catalyst concentration and molar ratio of ethanol to cottonseed oil were the most influential variables affecting percentage conversion and percentage initial absorbance. Maximum percentage yield of 98 % is predicted at a catalyst concentration of 1.07 …
Protein Interactions With Mixed Poly(Ethylene Glycol)/Polyacrylic Acid Brushes, Zhenqing Li
Protein Interactions With Mixed Poly(Ethylene Glycol)/Polyacrylic Acid Brushes, Zhenqing Li
All Theses
Tethered polymer chains that are grafted to a solid substrate by one chain end (polymer brushes) may be distinguished from other anchored polymer layers by the relatively high grafting densities gained. Potential uses of polymer brushes for interfacial modification to regulate interactions between proteins and substrates, such as drug delivery and protein separation, are widely recognized. Therefore, it is important to investigate interactions between proteins and surfaces modified with a polymer brush.
In this study, the 'grafting-to' method has been used to graft mixed poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) brushes onto poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA)-modified silicon wafers/glass slides to …
A Laboratory Study On The Effects Of Submerged Vertical And Semicircular Breakwaters On Near-Field Hydrodynamics And Morphodynamics, David Young
All Theses
A laboratory study is presented herein that investigates the effects of submerged vertical and semicircular breakwaters on near-field hydrodynamics and morphodynamics. Breakwaters are employed worldwide in order to reduce destructive wave forces often imparted on vulnerable shorelines; a task partially completed by reflecting incident wave energy back out to sea. However, two common side-effects of their function are the occurrence of scour at the breakwater, which can lead to structural problems; and offshore ripple formations, which are influential in scour protection failure and sediment transport patterns. This study aims to determine a relationship between breakwaters and the wave reflection coefficient …
Real-Time Power Management Of A Fuel Cell/Ultracapacitor Hybrid, Wesley Greenwell
Real-Time Power Management Of A Fuel Cell/Ultracapacitor Hybrid, Wesley Greenwell
All Theses
This thesis presents the system architecture design, system integration methodology, and real-time control of a fuel cell/ultracapacitor hybrid power system. The main objective is for the hybrid system to respond to real-world fluctuations in power without negatively impacting fuel cell life.
A Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell is an electrochemical device which converts the chemical energy of pure hydrogen into electricity through a chemical reaction with oxygen. The high conversion efficiency, zero harmful emissions, high power-to-weight ratio, scalability, and low temperature operation make PEM fuel cells very attractive for stationary and portable power applications. However, fuel cells are limited …
Development Of A Colorimetric Test For Quantification Of Uranium In Drinking Water, Amy Ratliff
Development Of A Colorimetric Test For Quantification Of Uranium In Drinking Water, Amy Ratliff
All Theses
A new method was developed for the determination of uranium in groundwater above 30µg/L (30ppb). This concentration is the maximum contaminant level (MCL) for uranium in drinking water, which was set in December 2003 by the US EPA under the provisions of the Safe Drinking Water Act. The method is rapid and requires little technical training to conduct, allowing it to be used by consumers, in the laboratory, or in the field. The two-step technique involves preconcentrating uranium using a U/TEVA-2 extraction chromatographic resin followed by complexation with a pyridylazo indicator dye, Br-PADAP. At neutral pH, a counter ion is …
Geotechnical Investigations At Three Sites In The South Carolina Coastal Plain That Did Not Liquefy During The 1886 Charleston Earthquake, Ronald Boller
All Theses
Geotechnical investigations were performed at three sites in the South Carolina Coastal Plain where liquefaction is believed to not have occurred in 1886 or during other Holocene earthquakes. The three sites are the Coastal Research and Education Center (CREC) located near Charleston, and the Borrow Pit and Marsh Road sites at Hobcaw Barony near Georgetown. The investigations consisted of nine seismic cone penetration test (SCPT) soundings, three non-seismic cone penetration test (CPT) soundings, one standard penetration test (SPT) boring, and two dilatometer test (DMT) soundings. Shear wave velocities (Vs) were calculated from the SCPTs using pseudo interval measurements at the …