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Articles 721 - 750 of 3180
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Development Of Reductive/Oxidative Treatment Strategy For The Removal Of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (Pfas) In Water, Akshay Parenky
Development Of Reductive/Oxidative Treatment Strategy For The Removal Of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (Pfas) In Water, Akshay Parenky
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The detrimental health effects of halogenated compounds in humans has been well documented, and the frequent occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the water environment is a recent global concern. Feasible and sensible treatment strategies are in dire need for environmental remediation and water treatment. Currently, efficient treatment is only obtained at a small scale and at a high energy cost. This research is presented in three subsections, where decomposition of selected PFAS was evaluated under advanced oxidation techniques. The first study involved decomposition of a polyfluoroalkyl substance, 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS), in which 2 carbons of …
Analysis Of Barriers Causing Delay In Post-Hurricane Recovery: Experts’ Vs. Public’S Perspectives, Behzad Rouhanizadeh
Analysis Of Barriers Causing Delay In Post-Hurricane Recovery: Experts’ Vs. Public’S Perspectives, Behzad Rouhanizadeh
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Destructive natural disasters such as hurricanes, affect countries around the world. To recover from a hurricane, the managers need to make various decisions; however, what makes the post-hurricane decision making unique is lack of time to make the optimum decision. A comprehensive understanding of barriers to recovery can lead to development of policies that help prevent delays in recovery process and consequently results in resiliency. Although several studies have been performed to identify the recovery barriers, they did not provide a comprehensive review of barriers and their classification. On the other hand, experts and the public commonly have different understandings …
Statistical Models Of Pipe Service Life Towards Artificial Intelligence Based Decision Support, Vahid Eghbalifarkoosh
Statistical Models Of Pipe Service Life Towards Artificial Intelligence Based Decision Support, Vahid Eghbalifarkoosh
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
In this dissertation, through utilizing various artificial intelligence-based as well as statistical models, an effort has been made to investigate the deterioration of sewer pipes. Once the deterioration rates of sewer pipes are estimated, by assuming failure criteria, as specified in the dissertation, the associated service lives for the sewer pipes can therefore be estimated. However, it should be noted that for different sewer pipes and based upon the availability of suitable data, and due to various failure modes that could transpire in various sewer pipes, the results will thus be subjected to uncertainties and variations. In other words, depending …
A Decision Support System For Success Of Post-Hurricane Reconstruction Of Transportation Infrastructures, Elnaz Safapour
A Decision Support System For Success Of Post-Hurricane Reconstruction Of Transportation Infrastructures, Elnaz Safapour
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
In the aftermath of hurricanes, when reliable transportation systems are vital, the chaotic and complex environment creates multiple uncertainties and risks in the reconstruction of transportation infrastructures. Damaged transport infrastructures decrease the timeliness of emergency responses and recovery procedures, and make it difficult for authorities, who are under excessive pressure and are struggling to find the financial resources to reconstruct them on time and within budget. The aim of this research was to develop a decision support system that would improve the cost and schedule performance, as well as reduce the number and extent of rework in post-hurricane reconstruction of …
Active Transportation And Health: Understanding The Impact Of Transportation-Related Physical Activity On Health, Sina Famili
Active Transportation And Health: Understanding The Impact Of Transportation-Related Physical Activity On Health, Sina Famili
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Car-oriented infrastructure in the U.S. leads to physically inactive lifestyles and negative health outcomes. To promote physical activity, public health officials encourage active transportation, namely biking and walking on daily trips. Previous studies proved that both perceived or self-assessed and objective health measures should be used to understand individuals’ health status. Therefore, this study uses the National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) data to understand the associations between perceived health and modal trip features including the number of trips, trip distance, and duration for auto, public transit, walk, and bike trips. Regarding the objective health, this dissertation uses one-week walking activities …
Development Of A Structural Design Methodology For Cementitious Sprayed Applied Pipe Linings In Gravity Storm Water Conveyance Conduits, Amin Darabnoush Tehrani
Development Of A Structural Design Methodology For Cementitious Sprayed Applied Pipe Linings In Gravity Storm Water Conveyance Conduits, Amin Darabnoush Tehrani
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Culverts are important components of the highway infrastructure. They form passageways through the embankment to convey storm water. Culverts are structurally designed to support superimposed earth loads or other fill materials as well as live loads. Corrugated metal pipes (CMPs) and reinforced concrete pipes (RCPs) are commonly used as culverts in the United States. Most of these culverts were installed four to five decades ago and have reached their design life. Spray applied pipe linings (SAPLs) are trenchless technology solutions for culvert rehabilitation that prevent further deterioration, such as corrosion, abrasion, etc., and can provide structural support for severely damaged …
Advancing Hydrologic And Hydraulic Understanding And Application Through Inundation Mapping And Estimation Of Losses, Jiaqi Zhang
Advancing Hydrologic And Hydraulic Understanding And Application Through Inundation Mapping And Estimation Of Losses, Jiaqi Zhang
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Flooding is the most frequent weather hazard that can cause serious fatalities and property damages worldwide. Climate change with extreme weather has further increased the impact from flooding and brought unprecedented challenges to engineering infrastructure and design. Scientists and engineers have used models to investigate and forecast the hydrologic and hydraulic responses to environmental changes in meteorological forcing and land use. With recent advances in sensing and computing technologies, models have been reaching higher levels of spatiotemporal granularity and scale. However, gaps exist between the scientific exploration and engineering practices. This doctoral study has been conducted to bridge such gaps …
Performance Of Cracked Reinforced Concrete Pipes Subjected To Different Environmental Conditions, Bassam Hatem Karim Al-Lami
Performance Of Cracked Reinforced Concrete Pipes Subjected To Different Environmental Conditions, Bassam Hatem Karim Al-Lami
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Performance of reinforced concrete pipes, as a major part of the water and waste-water infrastructure, plays an important role in the resilience and sustainability of today’s modern cities. Cracks may appear in these pipes due to handling and placement and might affect their long-term performance due to corrosion concerns. Current practice for quality control after installation of these pipes is quite strict and any pipe with a crack width of more than 0.01" is not approved. The goal of this research project is to evaluate the performance of cracked reinforced concrete pipes subjected to saline environments with three different concentration …
Study Of New Transistor Architecture With Energy Filtering, Nnaemeka Mcdonald Eluagu
Study Of New Transistor Architecture With Energy Filtering, Nnaemeka Mcdonald Eluagu
Material Science and Engineering Theses - Archive
The thermodynamic limit of the subthreshold slope to 60mV/decade at 300K forces MOSFET devices to use high supply voltages (> 0.5V) and therefore dissipate a lot of energy. This physical limitation of transistors is a direct consequence of thermal excitation of electrons. This study investigates a new transistor architecture capable of suppressing thermally excited electrons using a quantum well as an energy filter. The energy filter consists of a 2nm SiO2 tunneling barrier and a 2nm Quantum Well (QW) layer of Cr2O3 sandwiched between Ni electrodes and a channel of Si. Transistors having this QW energy filter have been fabricated …
Investigation Of High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance Mechanism Of Ceramic Coatings Via Microstructure Analysis, Yi Shen
Material Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Recent developments of ceramic coatings deposited using magnetron reactive sputtering show that these films exhibited superior high-temperature oxidation resistance along with other desirable properties such as high hardness, optical transparency and good electrical conductivity. Detailed microstructure study of these films annealed to high temperatures using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is deemed necessary as it provides an intuitive vision on the behavior of the materials at elevated temperature, which is essential to further improve their high-temperature oxidation resistance. In this study, Hf-B-Si-C-N films with various compositions that were annealed to various temperatures in both helium and air were subjected to detailed …
A Comparative Assessment Of Co2 Emission Between Gasoline, Electric, And Hybrid Vehicles: A Well-To-Wheel Perspective Using Agent-Based Modeling, Mdmamunur Rahman
A Comparative Assessment Of Co2 Emission Between Gasoline, Electric, And Hybrid Vehicles: A Well-To-Wheel Perspective Using Agent-Based Modeling, Mdmamunur Rahman
Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Road transports in the U.S. are almost entirely dependent on the consumption of fossil fuel. This high dependency on fossil fuel is significantly contributing to carbon dioxide (CO2) emission, one of the leading Green House Gases (GHGs) responsible for global warming. Electrification of passenger vehicles could be an effective strategy to curb GHG emissions. Though Electric Vehicles (EVs) have zero tailpipe emissions, the power required to charge EV batteries may not necessarily come from carbon-free power plants. In this study, for a comprehensive comparison between EV and Gasoline Vehicle (GV), we developed an agent-based simulation model for the entire energy …
An Urban Modelling Framework For Climate Resilience In Low-Resource Neighbourhoods, Ulrike Passe, Michael Dorneich, Caroline Krejci, Diba Malekpour Koupaei, Breanna Marmur, Linda Shenk, Jacklin Stonewall, Janette Thompson, Yuyu Zhou
An Urban Modelling Framework For Climate Resilience In Low-Resource Neighbourhoods, Ulrike Passe, Michael Dorneich, Caroline Krejci, Diba Malekpour Koupaei, Breanna Marmur, Linda Shenk, Jacklin Stonewall, Janette Thompson, Yuyu Zhou
Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering Faculty Publications - Archive
Climate predictions indicate a strong likelihood of more frequent, intense heat events. Resource-vulnerable, low-income neighbourhood populations are likely to be strongly impacted by future climate change, especially with respect to an energy burden. In order to identify existing and new vulnerabilities to climate change, local authorities need to understand the dynamics of extreme heat events at the neighbourhood level, particularly to identify those people who are adversely affected. A new comprehensive framework is presented that integrates human and biophysical data: occupancy/behaviour, building energy use, future climate scenarios and near-building microclimate projections. The framework is used to create an urban energy …
The Effect Of The Top Soil Layer On Moisture And Evaporation Dynamics, Zhen Li, Jan Vanderborght, Kathleen M. Smits
The Effect Of The Top Soil Layer On Moisture And Evaporation Dynamics, Zhen Li, Jan Vanderborght, Kathleen M. Smits
Civil Engineering Faculty Publications - Archive
Understanding the effect of the top soil layer on surface evaporation and water distribution is critical to modeling hydrological systems. However, the dependency of near-surface soil moisture and fluxes on layering characteristics remains unclear. To address this uncertainty, we investigate how the arrangement of soil horizons affects the evaporation and soil moisture, specifically, the near-surface soil moisture, through the combination of numerical simulations and evaporation experiments. The characteristics of fluxes and moisture from different soil profiles are then used to understand the soil layering conditions. Results show that the top soil layer can significantly affect the evolution of soil moisture …
Evaporation From Undulating Soil Surfaces Under Turbulent Airflow Through Numerical And Experimental Approaches, Bo Gao, John Farnsworth, Kathleen M. Smits
Evaporation From Undulating Soil Surfaces Under Turbulent Airflow Through Numerical And Experimental Approaches, Bo Gao, John Farnsworth, Kathleen M. Smits
Civil Engineering Faculty Publications - Archive
Evaporation from undulating soil surfaces is rarely studied due to limited modeling theory and inadequate experimental data linking dynamic soil and atmospheric interactions. The goal of this paper is to provide exploratory insights into evaporation behavior from undulating soil surfaces under turbulent conditions through numerical and experimental approaches. A previously developed and verified coupled free flow and porous media flow model was extended by incorporating turbulent airflow through Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations. The model explicitly describes the relevant physical processes and the key properties in the free flow, porous media, and at the interface, allowing for the analysis of coupled exchange …
Multiscale Modeling And Simulation Of Clutter In Isar Imaging, Jon Mitchell
Multiscale Modeling And Simulation Of Clutter In Isar Imaging, Jon Mitchell
Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Clutter is common in applications of radar imaging and can adversely impact target imaging by contributing scattered energy that is not accounted for in target signal models. One potential source of clutter is moving foliage in the vicinity of the target, such as a target embedded in a forest. ISAR imaging of moving clutter results in an equivalent current image that changes over each imaging sample. The stochastic nature of this clutter equivalent current presents challenges in detecting and imaging a weak embedded target using traditional algorithms. This dissertation proposes a multiscale model and analysis method to characterize the multiscale …
Distributed Optimal Policies For Multi-Agent Systems Under Uncertainties, Mushuang Liu
Distributed Optimal Policies For Multi-Agent Systems Under Uncertainties, Mushuang Liu
Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Multi-agent systems (MAS) have attracted increasing attention in the past years due to their wide applications in mobile robots, sensor networks, autonomous driving systems, etc. Along with this trend, developing distributed optimal policies for MAS under uncertainties has become indispensable. Multi-dimensional uncertainties often modulate system dynamics in a complicated fashion, which leads to computational challenges for real-time control. In many practical MAS, each agent also has its own interest to optimize beyond a global objective. Developing distributed optimal control for agents with self-interests is needed. To address the above challenges, this dissertation contributes in two major directions for MAS: 1) …
Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Of Titanium Under Constant Applied Voltage, Joshua Paul Twaddle
Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Of Titanium Under Constant Applied Voltage, Joshua Paul Twaddle
Material Science and Engineering Theses - Archive
Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) is a method capable of applying nonmetallic coatings to metallic substrates submerged in electrolyte via a plasma development under high voltage. The PEO technique is particularly useful in the coating of materials such as Ti-, Al-, and Mg-based alloys. In this study, the effects of varying processing voltage and time on oxide coating characteristics formed on pure titanium surfaces was investigated. First, it was necessary to prove that the selected electrolyte type and concentration could produce PEO coatings in a predictable fashion. Experiments were performed with constant current density by constantly controlling the voltage, so the …
Heat Transfer Measurements And Enhancement For Materials And Processes In Polymer Extrusion Based Additive Manufacturing, Hardikkumar Mangaldas Prajapati
Heat Transfer Measurements And Enhancement For Materials And Processes In Polymer Extrusion Based Additive Manufacturing, Hardikkumar Mangaldas Prajapati
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a burgeoning method for manufacturing over the subtractive manufacturing methodologies. Among the various method of polymer additive manufacturing the fused deposition modeling (FDM) also known as 3D printing is the most popular technique. In this technique, a rastering extruder dispenses a thermoplastic material on to a bed at a temperature greater than its glass transition temperature to build the part. Due to the additive nature of the process, AM introduces several challenges related to functional properties such as strength, thermal conductivity, etc of the eventual part. Measurement of thermal conductivity of additively manufactured polymer samples in …
Reinitiation Mode Study Of Highly Irregular Detonation, Nandakumar Vijayakumar
Reinitiation Mode Study Of Highly Irregular Detonation, Nandakumar Vijayakumar
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The propagation of detonation waves is governed by their stability characteristics. Interest in highly unstable detonation grew when early experiments revealed limits of operation to be directly proportional to the stability of detonation. This research focuses on reinitiation pathways of highly irregular self-sustaining detonation. This is an important aspect of stability which is not yet fully understood, while many possible mechanisms have been proposed in the literature. First, a one-dimensional instability model simulation was performed using a global one-step chemistry mechanism to understand the different unstable modes by increasing the activation energy of a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen. The …
Measurement And Optimization Of Thermal Transport Phenomena For Weld Strength Improvement In Polymer Extrusion Based Additive Manufacturing, Darshan Babu Ravoori
Measurement And Optimization Of Thermal Transport Phenomena For Weld Strength Improvement In Polymer Extrusion Based Additive Manufacturing, Darshan Babu Ravoori
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Additive manufacturing (AM) processes involve layer-by-layer addition of material to fabricate a 3-dimensional part. AM offers significant design and manufacturing flexibility compared to traditional manufacturing approaches. The major challenge in polymer-based additive manufacturing (AM) is that printed parts often have poor thermal/structural properties. These properties depend on weld strength of filaments and which intern depends on the degree of healing/neck growth between deposited polymers. The major contribution of this dissertation is understanding the importance of heat transfer during the printing process on the polymer neck growth and presented with techniques to improve the thermal and structural strength of finished part. …
Design And Optimization Of Thermal Management Approaches In Data Center Applications, Rajesh Kasukurthy
Design And Optimization Of Thermal Management Approaches In Data Center Applications, Rajesh Kasukurthy
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive
In the present day to day life, Internet of Things (IOT) is everything, i.e., Internet and telecommunication is needed for almost every task of our life, which require data centers. These data centers provide various facilities such as, data processing, storage, transmission, maintenance, operations etc., To perform these tasks, a huge amount of power is consumed, which in turn generates large amount of heat. As these data centers are to be made operational throughout the year, cooling of data centers is of utmost importance. The continued increase in heat flux at the chip level due to new and robust technology …
Computational Study Of Air-Cooled Servers With Improved Ducting And Chassis Re-Design, Himanshu Girishchandra Modi
Computational Study Of Air-Cooled Servers With Improved Ducting And Chassis Re-Design, Himanshu Girishchandra Modi
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive
In recent years there has been a phenomenal increase in cloud computing, net-working, virtualization, and storage which has led to an increase in demand for data centers. To meet this demand, there is a need for the latest computing nodes which causes an increase in power consumption. The cooling system occupy almost 40% portion of total energy consumption. Per ASHRAE TC 9.9, IT equipment needs to operate within recommended and allowable temperatures and humidity zone based on the circumstances. As the inlet air temperature increases, fan power consumption increases too and the Central Processing Units (CPUs) and high heat-generating components …
Experimental Study Of Dynamic Cooling Of Racks Using Flow Control Devices, Fnu Akash
Experimental Study Of Dynamic Cooling Of Racks Using Flow Control Devices, Fnu Akash
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive
A data center is a cluster of multiple servers that a company uses to store and process large amounts of data. Due to never-ending demands, the processor densities are increasing every day. A higher processor density would result in the servers heating up more than it would normally creating a need for an efficient cooling system. On an average a water-cooled system would consume up to 40% of the total power required by a data center. Studies are being conducted on improving the overall efficiency of the system by either improving the thermal properties of the system or by improving …
Modeling, Fabrication, And Characterization Of Porous Inconel 718 Structures Using Selective Laser Melting Process, Srihari Srivathsan
Modeling, Fabrication, And Characterization Of Porous Inconel 718 Structures Using Selective Laser Melting Process, Srihari Srivathsan
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive
Bio-inspired cellular structures are of great interest these days for many applications, from engineering research to industries. Honeycomb, Body-Centered Cubic with/without Z-struts (BCC-Z/ BCC), Face Centered Cubic with/without Z-struts (FCC-Z/ FCC), and Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) such as Gyroid, Diamond, and Schwartz lattices are the most common bio-inspired lattice structures. These structures can be tailored based on their structural organization resulting in superior materials with lightweight properties, adequate strength, and low stiffness. Thankfully, additive manufacturing (AM) has made the fabrication of these complex cellular materials realistic. However, the use of AM could lead to several defects, such as damaged …
Cfd Analysis On Liquid Cooled Cold Plate Using Copper Nanoparticles, Sarthak Agarwal
Cfd Analysis On Liquid Cooled Cold Plate Using Copper Nanoparticles, Sarthak Agarwal
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive
In today’s world, most data centres have multiple racks with numerous servers in each of them. The high amount of heat dissipation has become the largest server-level cooling problem for the data centres. The higher dissipation required, the higher is the total energy required to run the data centre. Although still the most widely used cooling methodology, air cooling has reached its cooling capabilities especially for High-Performance Computing data centres. Liquid-cooled servers have several advantages over their air-cooled counterparts, primarily of which are high thermal mass, lower maintenance and eventually lower costs by maintenance by labour. Nano-fluids have been used …
Prediction And Validation Of Continuous Fiber Stiffened Plates Manufactured With Continuous Fiber Fabrication, Nabeel Ahmed Khan
Prediction And Validation Of Continuous Fiber Stiffened Plates Manufactured With Continuous Fiber Fabrication, Nabeel Ahmed Khan
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive
The purpose of this thesis was to develop an analytical method for predicting the structural properties of continuous fiber stiffened plates, which was then validated both experimentally and via finite element analysis. The MarkForged Mark Two 3D printer enables parts to be printed with continuous carbon fibers embedded within them. A manufacturing process was developed for printing stiffened grids with our without skins, with continuous fiber reinforcement on the top and bottom of the stiffening ribs, which allows bending stiffness can be maximized. An orthotropic grid was printed using Continues Filament Fabrication (CFF), an additive manufacturing process that embeds reinforcing …
Photobiomodulation And Stem Cell Differentiation: Application To Modulate Adipogenesis Through Cellular And Nuclear Morphology, Andrew Redmond Mccolloch
Photobiomodulation And Stem Cell Differentiation: Application To Modulate Adipogenesis Through Cellular And Nuclear Morphology, Andrew Redmond Mccolloch
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are of great interest in regenerative medicine due to their capability to self-renew and differentiate to various lineages. Typically, differentiation to specific cell types has relied on the use of growth factors and other reagents to provide an environment conducive to the desired cell type. More recently, orthogonal cues other than chemical factors have been elucidated to regulate the lineage commitment. For example, the cell shape, cellular mechanics and substrate stiffness have been found to play a role in determining the fate of MSCs. However, it remains still elusive how the morphological and mechanical changes in …
Study Of Upregulation Of Drug Resistance In H460 Lung Cancer Cells Via Microchannel Device, Nowmi Haider
Study Of Upregulation Of Drug Resistance In H460 Lung Cancer Cells Via Microchannel Device, Nowmi Haider
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
Metastasis is the main reason of high mortality rates in cancer patients. Treating these patients becomes difficult once the cancer has metastasized, especially due to their drug resistance. Drug resistance is a common problem that occurs when treating cancer patients, as in most cancer types, the cells are capable of drug efflux. This makes treatments like chemotherapy ineffective. Therefore, it is important to find alternative methods of treatment that can effectively kill drug resistant cancer cells. Lung cancer is one type of cancer that is the second most diagnosed cancer in the U.S. In this study, microchannels were used to …
Experimental And 3d Finite Element Analyses Of Invert-Removed Circular Corrugated Metal Pipe Culverts Renewed With Polymer Spray-Applied Pipe Lining, Samrat Raut
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Corrugated metal pipes (CMPs) are one of the widely used culvert structures in the American highway system. Compared to other types of culverts, CMPs have shorter design life, and many CMP culverts have reached or exceeded their design life. Therefore, renewal or replacement of those CMPs is needed to ensure the safety and service of the highways. Since replacements of these culverts are costly, renewalis less costly and has been on the focus in this decade. Different rehabilitation methods have been proposed by different DOTs and the researchers from open-cut methods to trenchless technology. Since open-cut methods disturb the operation …
Flexural Load Capacity Of Heat-Treated Concrete Mixed With Recycled Glass Aggregate And Glass Pozzolan, Enrique Gonzalez Tapia
Flexural Load Capacity Of Heat-Treated Concrete Mixed With Recycled Glass Aggregate And Glass Pozzolan, Enrique Gonzalez Tapia
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This research focuses on determining the effects of adding glass aggregate and glass pozzolan to concrete that has been exposed to high temperatures. Previous work, based on finding the recommended proportions of recycled components for optimum results, was done to analyze the effects of adding recycled glass components to concrete. Based on those studies, a replacement ratio of 30% glass aggregates and 20% glass pozzolan was used in this project. The compressive strength of concrete has been extensively studied and has been shown to increase in strength when glass components are used in their correct proportions. Less research has been …