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Articles 1531 - 1560 of 4566

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Large Eddy Simulations With A Tabulated Conditional Moment Closure Moment Closure Model For Turbulent Premixed Combustion With Heat Loss, Carlos Velez Jan 2015

Large Eddy Simulations With A Tabulated Conditional Moment Closure Moment Closure Model For Turbulent Premixed Combustion With Heat Loss, Carlos Velez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Tabulated Premixed Conditional Moment Closure (T-PCMC) method has been shown to provide the capability to predict turbulent, premixed methane flames with detailed chemistry and reasonable run times in a RANS/URANS adiabatic environment. Here the premixed T-PCMC method is extended in a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) framework for non-adiabatic premixed flames, allowing heat loss to occur in the mixture before, during and after combustion. It is proposed that the LES framework is a more suitable representation for both chemical and turbulent scales in premixed combustion. By resolving the high energy turbulent scales and modeling the small scale turbulence, it is …

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Nanoarchitectured Energy Storage Devices, Zenan Yu Jan 2015

Nanoarchitectured Energy Storage Devices, Zenan Yu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Supercapacitors, the devices that connect the gap between batteries and conventional capacitors, have recently attracted significant attention due to their high specific capacitance, substantially enhanced power and energy densities, and extraordinary cycle life. In order to realize even better performance with supercapacitors, rejuvenated effort towards developing nanostructured electrodes is necessary. In this dissertation, several strategic directions of nanoarchitecturing the electrodes to enhance the performance of supercapacitors are investigated. An introduction and background of supercapacitors, which includes motivation, classification and working principles, recent nanostructured electrode materials studies, and devices fabrication, are initially presented. A facile method, called Spin-on Nanoprinting (SNAP), to …

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Multi-Row Film Cooling Boundary Layers, Greg Natsui Jan 2015

Multi-Row Film Cooling Boundary Layers, Greg Natsui

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

High fidelity measurements are necessary to validate existing and future turbulence models for the purpose of producing the next generation of more efficient gas turbines. The objective of the present study is to conduct several different measurements of multi-row film cooling arrays in order to better understand the physics involved with injection of coolant through multiple rows of discrete holes into a flat plate turbulent boundary layer. Adiabatic effectiveness distributions are measured for several multi-row film cooling geometries. The geometries are designed with two different hole spacings and two different hole types to yield four total geometries. One of the …

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Microwave Radiometer (Mwr) Evaluation Of Multi-Beam Satellite Antenna Boresight Pointing Using Land-Water Crossings, For The Aquarius/Sac-D Mission, Bradley Clymer Jan 2015

Microwave Radiometer (Mwr) Evaluation Of Multi-Beam Satellite Antenna Boresight Pointing Using Land-Water Crossings, For The Aquarius/Sac-D Mission, Bradley Clymer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research concerns the CONAE Microwave Radiometer (MWR), on board the Aquarius/SAC-D platform. MWR's main purpose is to provide measurements that are simultaneous and spatially collocated with those of NASA's Aquarius radiometer/scatterometer. For this reason, knowledge of the MWR antenna beam footprint geolocation is crucial to mission success. In particular, this thesis addresses an on-orbit validation of the MWR antenna beam pointing, using calculated MWR instantaneous field of view (IFOV) centers, provided in the CONAE L-1B science data product. This procedure compares L-1B MWR IFOV centers at land/water crossings against high-resolution coastline maps. MWR IFOV locations versus time are computed …

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Reactive Sputter Deposition Of Lithium Phosphorus Oxynitride Thin Films, A Li Battery Solid State Electrolyte, Prabhu Doss Mani Jan 2015

Reactive Sputter Deposition Of Lithium Phosphorus Oxynitride Thin Films, A Li Battery Solid State Electrolyte, Prabhu Doss Mani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lithium phosphorus oxy-nitride (LiPON) thin films are widely studied and used as a thin film electrolyte for lithium ion battery applications. LiPON thin films may be prepared by many techniques, but RF sputter deposition is most frequently used and was investigated in this dissertation, in spite of its low deposition rate, because of it offers more reliable and controllable processing. This dissertation includes the methodologies of sputter deposition and materials characterization of the LiPON thin film electrolytes. The LiPON thin films were deposited under varying conditions of process gas, substrate bias, and deposition temperature. To understand the variations in ionic …

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Improving Fairness, Throughput And Blocking Performance For Long Haul And Short Reach Optical Networks, Sana Tariq Jan 2015

Improving Fairness, Throughput And Blocking Performance For Long Haul And Short Reach Optical Networks, Sana Tariq

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Innovations in optical communication are expected to transform the landscape of global communications, internet and datacenter networks. This dissertation investigates several important issues in optical communication such as fairness, throughput, blocking probability and differentiated quality of service (QoS). Novel algorithms and new approaches have been presented to improve the performance of optical circuit switching (OCS) and optical burst switching (OBS) for long haul, and datacenter networks. Extensive simulations tests have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. These simulation tests were performed over a number of network topologies such as ring, mesh and U.S. Long-Haul, some high …

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Streamlining The Acquisition Process: Systems Analysis For Improving Army Acquisition Corps Officer Management, Shawn Chu-Quinn Jan 2015

Streamlining The Acquisition Process: Systems Analysis For Improving Army Acquisition Corps Officer Management, Shawn Chu-Quinn

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Army Acquisition Officer lacks proficient experience needed to fill key leadership positions within the Acquisition Corps. The active duty Army officer is considered for the Acquisition Corps functional area between their 5th and 9th years of service as an officer – after completing initial career milestones. The new Acquisition Corps officer is the rank of senior Captain or Major when he arrives to his first acquisition assignment with a proficiency level of novice (in acquisition). The Army officer may be advanced in his primary career branch, but his level decreases when he is assigned into the Acquisition Corps functional …

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A Framework For Interoperability On The United States Electric Grid Infrastructure, Stuart Laval Jan 2015

A Framework For Interoperability On The United States Electric Grid Infrastructure, Stuart Laval

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Historically, the United States (US) electric grid has been a stable one-way power delivery infrastructure that supplies centrally-generated electricity to its predictably consuming demand. However, the US electric grid is now undergoing a huge transformation from a simple and static system to a complex and dynamic network, which is starting to interconnect intermittent distributed energy resources (DERs), portable electric vehicles (EVs), and load-altering home automation devices, that create bidirectional power flow or stochastic load behavior. In order for this grid of the future to effectively embrace the high penetration of these disruptive and fast-responding digital technologies without compromising its safety, …

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Body Mass Bias Mitigation For Females In Military Physical Readiness Testing Through Load Carriage Implementation, Aaron Yeaton Jan 2015

Body Mass Bias Mitigation For Females In Military Physical Readiness Testing Through Load Carriage Implementation, Aaron Yeaton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The US Military requires specific fitness testing, known as the Physical Readiness Test (PRT), for its members to determine their overall fitness levels. The test currently being used has been shown to have bias towards heavier mass individuals of up to 20%. Prior research has been completed and several recommendations have been made to eliminate mass bias, but this has been conducted almost exclusively on males. There is very little data and research on military physical fitness testing for women besides combat specific evolution exercises. A possibility exists to eliminate the bias for females through implementing load carriage during PRT …

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The Effects Of Chronic Sleep Deprivation On Sustained Attention: A Study Of Brain Dynamic Functional Connectivity, Yiling He Jan 2015

The Effects Of Chronic Sleep Deprivation On Sustained Attention: A Study Of Brain Dynamic Functional Connectivity, Yiling He

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It is estimated that about 35-40% of adults in the U.S. suffer from insufficient sleep. Chronic sleep deprivation has become a prevalent phenomenon because of contemporary lifestyle and work-related factors. Sleep deprivation can reduce the capabilities and efficiency of attentional performance by impairing perception, increasing effort to maintain concentration, as well as introducing vision disturbance. Thus, it is important to understand the neural mechanisms behind how chronic sleep deprivation impairs sustained attention. In recent years, more attention has been paid to the study of the integration between anatomically distributed and functionally connected brain regions. Functional connectivity has been widely used …

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Evaluation Of Strength And Hydraulic Properties Of Buried Pipe Systems Used For Stormwater Harvesting, Mario Samson Mena Jan 2015

Evaluation Of Strength And Hydraulic Properties Of Buried Pipe Systems Used For Stormwater Harvesting, Mario Samson Mena

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Water scarcity has been identified as a global issue. Both water harvesting and an efficient water piping system are some of the important factors to meet the water demand. In this study, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes used as an underground storage was evaluated and a Microsoft EXCEL based model was developed, called PIPE-R Model. To study the structural integrity of the pipes, laboratory and field testing were conducted. For the water harvesting, UCF Stormwater Management Academy designed an EXCEL based model to simulate the system's performance to store and redistribute water for an average year. The purpose of PIPE-R Model …

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Performance Evaluation Of Tcp Multihoming For Ipv6 Anycast Networks And Proxy Placement, Raya Alsharfa Jan 2015

Performance Evaluation Of Tcp Multihoming For Ipv6 Anycast Networks And Proxy Placement, Raya Alsharfa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, the impact of multihomed clients and multihomed proxy servers on the performance of modern networks is investigated. The network model used in our investigation integrates three main components: the new one-to-any Anycast communication paradigm that facilitates server replication, the next generation Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) that offers larger address space for packet switched networks, and the emerging multihoming trend of connecting devices and smart phones to more than one Internet service provider thereby acquiring more than one IP address. The design of a previously proposed Proxy IP Anycast service is modified to integrate user device multihoming …

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Nanoscale Control Of Gap-Plasmon Enhanced Optical Processes, Chatdanai Lumdee Jan 2015

Nanoscale Control Of Gap-Plasmon Enhanced Optical Processes, Chatdanai Lumdee

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Surface plasmon resonances of metal nanostructures have been studied intensely in recent years. The strong plasmon-mediated electric field enhancement and field confinement well beyond the diffraction limit has been demonstrated to improve the performance of optical devices including ultrasensitive sensors, light emitters, and optical absorbers. A plasmon resonance mode of particular recent interest is the gap plasmon resonance that occurs on closely spaced metallic structures. In contrast to plasmon resonances supported by isolated metal nanostructures, coupled nanostructures provide additional spectral and spatial control over the plasmon resonance response. For example, the resonance frequencies of metal nanoparticle dimers depend strongly on …

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Optical Propagation Of Self-Sustaining Wavefronts And Nonlinear Dynamics In Parabolic Multimode Fibers, Matthew Mills Jan 2015

Optical Propagation Of Self-Sustaining Wavefronts And Nonlinear Dynamics In Parabolic Multimode Fibers, Matthew Mills

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The aim of this thesis is to introduce my work which has generally been focused on optical wavefronts that have the unusual property of resisting commonplace phenomena such as diffraction and dispersion. Interestingly, these special beams are found both in linear and nonlinear situations. For example, in the linear regime, localized spatio-temporal waves which resemble the spherical harmonic symmetries of the hydrogen quantum orbitals can simultaneously negotiate both diffractive and dispersive effects. In the nonlinear regime, dressed optical filaments can be arranged to propagate multi-photon produced plasma channels orders of magnitude longer than expected. The first portion of this dissertation …

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Zrb2-Sic Based Ultra High Temperature Ceramic Composites: Mechanical Performance And Measurement And Design Of Thermal Residual Stresses For Hypersonic Vehicle Applications, Richard Stadelmann Jan 2015

Zrb2-Sic Based Ultra High Temperature Ceramic Composites: Mechanical Performance And Measurement And Design Of Thermal Residual Stresses For Hypersonic Vehicle Applications, Richard Stadelmann

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs), such as ZrB2-based ceramic composites, have been identified as next generation candidate materials for leading edges and nose cones in hypersonic air breathing vehicles. Mechanical performance of ceramic composites play an important role in the ultra-high temperature applications, therefore SiC is added to ZrB2 as a strengthening phase to enhance its mechanical performance. The high melting temperatures of both ZrB2 and SiC, as well as the ability of SiC to form SiO2 refractory oxide layers upon oxidation make ZrB2-SiC ceramics very suitable for aerospace applications. Thermal residual stresses appearing during processing are unavoidable in sintered ZrB2-SiC …

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Towards High-Flux Isolated Attosecond Pulses With A 200 Tw Cpa, Eric Cunningham Jan 2015

Towards High-Flux Isolated Attosecond Pulses With A 200 Tw Cpa, Eric Cunningham

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Attosecond pulses have been developed as a means for investigating phenomena that proceed on the order of the atomic unit of time (24 as). Unfortunately, these extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses by themselves contain too few photons to initiate nonlinear dynamics or dress states in an attosecond pump--attosecond probe scheme. As a result, most attosecond experiments thus far have featured complementary near infrared (NIR) femtosecond lasers for instigating electron dynamics. In order to access the benefits of all-attosecond measurements and open attosecond physics to new fields of exploration, the photon flux of these pulses must be increased. One way to boost …

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Experimental And Numerical Study Of Endwall Film Cooling, Srikrishna Mahadevan Jan 2015

Experimental And Numerical Study Of Endwall Film Cooling, Srikrishna Mahadevan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research work investigates the thermal performance of a film-cooled gas turbine endwall under two different mainstream flow conditions. In the first part of the research investigation, the effect of unsteady passing wakes on a film-cooled pitchwise-curved surface (representing an endwall without airfoils) was experimentally studied for heat transfer characteristics on a time-averaged basis. The temperature sensitive paint technique was used to obtain the local temperatures on the test surface. The required heat flux input was provided using foil heaters. Discrete film injection was implemented on the test surface using cylindrical holes with a streamwise inclination angle of 35? and …

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Thermodynamic Analysis And Optimization Of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycles, Mahmood Mohagheghi Jan 2015

Thermodynamic Analysis And Optimization Of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycles, Mahmood Mohagheghi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The power generation industry is facing new challenging issues regarding accelerating growth of electricity demand, fuel cost and environmental pollution. These challenges accompanied by concerns of energy resources becoming scarce necessitate searching for sustainable and economically competitive solutions to supply the future electricity demand. To this end, supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) Brayton cycles present great promise particularly in high temperature concentrated solar power (CSP) and waste heat recovery (WHR) applications. With this regard, this dissertation is intended to perform thorough thermodynamic analyses and optimization of S-CO2 Brayton cycles for both of these applications. A modeling tool has been developed, which …

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Cyclic And Impact Resistance Of Frp Repaired Poles, Zainab Mohsin Jan 2015

Cyclic And Impact Resistance Of Frp Repaired Poles, Zainab Mohsin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sign and signal structures involved in vehicular accidents are often partially damaged, and it is possible to repair them instead of replacing them, even when the extent and severity of the damage are substantial. The replacement of these poles is costly and involves interruption for pedestrians and traffic. Therefore, some trials were performed to retrofit these poles in-situ with low cost and short time. Previous research has substantiated that the damage can decrease the strength of the these structures with increasing the dent depth and the use of externally-bonded fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are beneficial to repair them. The composite …

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Post Conversion Correction Of Non-Linear Mismatches For Time Interleaved Analog-To-Digital Converters, Charna Parkey Jan 2015

Post Conversion Correction Of Non-Linear Mismatches For Time Interleaved Analog-To-Digital Converters, Charna Parkey

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Time Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters (TI-ADCs) utilize an architecture which enables conversion rates well beyond the capabilities of a single converter while preserving most or all of the other performance characteristics of the converters on which said architecture is based. Most of the approaches discussed here are independent of architecture; some solutions take advantage of specific architectures. Chapter 1 provides the problem formulation and reviews the errors found in ADCs as well as a brief literature review of available TI-ADC error correction solutions. Chapter 2 presents the methods and materials used in implementation as well as extend the state of the …

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Inverse-Consistent Determination Of Young's Modulus Of Human Lung, Behnaz Seyfi Noferest Jan 2015

Inverse-Consistent Determination Of Young's Modulus Of Human Lung, Behnaz Seyfi Noferest

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Human lung undergoes respiration-induced deformation due to sequential inhalation and exhalation. Accurate determination of lung deformation is crucial for tumor localization and targeted radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer. Numerical modeling of human lung dynamics based on underlying physics and physiology enables simulation and virtual visualization of lung deformation. Dynamical modeling is numerically complicated by the lack of information on lung elastic behavior, structural heterogeneity as well as boundary constrains. This study integrates physics-based modeling and image-based data acquisition to develop the patient-specific biomechanical model and consequently establish the first consistent Young's modulus (YM) of human lung. This dissertation has …

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Agent-Based And System Dynamics Hybrid Modeling And Simulation Approach Using Systems Modeling Language, Asli Soyler Akbas Jan 2015

Agent-Based And System Dynamics Hybrid Modeling And Simulation Approach Using Systems Modeling Language, Asli Soyler Akbas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Agent-based (AB) and system dynamics (SD) modeling and simulation techniques have been studied and used by various research fields. After the new hybrid modeling field emerged, the combination of these techniques started getting attention in the late 1990's. Applications of using agent-based (AB) and system dynamics (SD) hybrid models for simulating systems have been demonstrated in the literature. However, majority of the work on the domain includes system specific approaches where the models from two techniques are integrated after being independently developed. Existing work on creating an implicit and universal approach is limited to conceptual modeling and structure design. This …

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Catalytic Role Of Boron Nitride In The Thermal Decomposition Of Ammonium Perchlorate, Kevin Grossman Jan 2015

Catalytic Role Of Boron Nitride In The Thermal Decomposition Of Ammonium Perchlorate, Kevin Grossman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate (AP), a strong oxidizer used in solid rocket propellant, is widely studied in an attempt to increase the burn characteristics of propellants. Many materials have been shown to catalyze its decomposition, but little is known about the mechanism by which AP decomposition becomes catalyzed. In this study, Boron Nitride (BN) nanostructures, a material previously unknown to act as a catalyst, is studied. The decomposition reaction is studied by thermo-gravimetric analysis / differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The goal of this study is to …

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Low Absorption Liquid Crystal Materials For Midwave Infrared, Amy Creekmore Jan 2015

Low Absorption Liquid Crystal Materials For Midwave Infrared, Amy Creekmore

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Liquid crystal is an amazing class of soft matters with applications spanning from visible, infrared, millimeter wave, to terahertz. In addition to direct-view displays and projection displays, liquid crystal is also widely used in adaptive optics, tunable-focus lens, and laser beam steering. Although the visible region has well developed materials and mixtures for the vast variety of applications, the midwave infrared (MWIR) region of the electromagnetic spectrum invites much development as only a few materials have been developed with these applications in mind. Unlike visible region, the major challenge for mid-wave infrared liquid crystal is inherently large absorption loss. To …

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Finding Consensus Energy Folding Landscapes Between Rna Sequences, Joshua Burbridge Jan 2015

Finding Consensus Energy Folding Landscapes Between Rna Sequences, Joshua Burbridge

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In molecular biology, the secondary structure of a ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule is closely related to its biological function. One problem in structural bioinformatics is to determine the two- and three-dimensional structure of RNA using only sequencing information, which can be obtained at low cost. This entails designing sophisticated algorithms to simulate the process of RNA folding using detailed sets of thermodynamic parameters. The set of all chemically feasible structures an RNA molecule can assume, as well as the energy associated with each structure, is called its energy folding landscape. This research focuses on defining and solving the problem of …

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Research On Improving Reliability, Energy Efficiency And Scalability In Distributed And Parallel File Systems, Junyao Zhang Jan 2015

Research On Improving Reliability, Energy Efficiency And Scalability In Distributed And Parallel File Systems, Junyao Zhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

With the increasing popularity of cloud computing and "Big data" applications, current data centers are often required to manage petabytes or exabytes of data. To store this huge amount of data, thousands or tens of thousands storage nodes are required at a single site. This imposes three major challenges for storage system designers: (1) Reliability---node failure in these datacenters is a normal occurrence rather than a rare situation. This makes data reliability a great concern. (2) Energy efficiency---a data center can consume up to 100 times more energy than a standard office building. More than 10% of this energy consumption …

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Adaptive Architectural Strategies For Resilient Energy-Aware Computing, Rizwan Arshad Ashraf Jan 2015

Adaptive Architectural Strategies For Resilient Energy-Aware Computing, Rizwan Arshad Ashraf

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Reconfigurable logic or Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) devices have the ability to dynamically adapt the computational circuit based on user-specified or operating-condition requirements. Such hardware platforms are utilized in this dissertation to develop adaptive techniques for achieving reliable and sustainable operation while autonomously meeting these requirements. In particular, the properties of resource uniformity and in-field reconfiguration via on-chip processors are exploited to implement Evolvable Hardware (EHW). EHW utilize genetic algorithms to realize logic circuits at runtime, as directed by the objective function. However, the size of problems solved using EHW as compared with traditional approaches has been limited to relatively …

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Droplet Impact On Liquid Pools: Secondary Droplets Formation From Rayleigh Jet Break-Up And Crown Splash, Eduardo Castillo Orozco Jan 2015

Droplet Impact On Liquid Pools: Secondary Droplets Formation From Rayleigh Jet Break-Up And Crown Splash, Eduardo Castillo Orozco

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This work aims to study the impact of a droplet on liquid pools of the same fluid to understand the formation of secondary drops from the central jet and crown splash that occur after the impact. The impact of droplets on a deep pool has applications in cleaning up oil spill, spray cooling, painting, inkjet printing and forensic analysis, relying on the changes in properties such as viscosity, interfacial tension and density. Despite the exhaustive research on different aspects of droplet impact, it is not clear how liquid properties can affect the instabilities leading to the Rayleigh jet breakup and …

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Adsorption Behaviour Of Polyacrylic Acid On Cerium Oxide Nanostructures: Experimental And Predictive Model, Ali Haghighat Mesbahi Jan 2015

Adsorption Behaviour Of Polyacrylic Acid On Cerium Oxide Nanostructures: Experimental And Predictive Model, Ali Haghighat Mesbahi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cerium oxide-based slurries are crucial for chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) in electronic industry. For these slurry systems, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) is heavily utilized to provide colloidal stability. Some of the important parameters in the colloid stability are molecular weight (MW) and concentration of stabilizer, size of the nanoparticle in the slurry and the pH of system. By determining the colloidal stability of a discrete number of slurry formulations and relating these to certain slurry component parameters, a possible model can be produced to predict the influence of these parameters on the particle stability. Direct quantification of colloidal stability is difficult, …

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Examining Multiple Approaches For The Transferability Of Safety Performance Functions, Ahmed Tarek Ahmed Farid Jan 2015

Examining Multiple Approaches For The Transferability Of Safety Performance Functions, Ahmed Tarek Ahmed Farid

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Safety performance functions (SPFs) are essential in road safety since they are used to predict crash frequencies. They are commonly applied for detecting hot spots in network screening and assessing whether road safety countermeasures are effective. In the Highway Safety Manual (HSM), SPFs are provided for several crash classifications for several types of roadway facilities. The SPFs of the HSM are developed using data from multiple states. In regions where jurisdiction specific SPFs are not available, it is custom to adopt nationwide SPFs for crash predictions then apply a calibration factor. Yet, the research is limited regarding the application of …

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