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Articles 2281 - 2310 of 4606
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Dual Effects Of Β-Cyclodextrin-Stabilised Silver Nanoparticles: Enhanced Biofilm Inhibition And Reduced Cytotoxicity, Swarna Jaiswal
Dual Effects Of Β-Cyclodextrin-Stabilised Silver Nanoparticles: Enhanced Biofilm Inhibition And Reduced Cytotoxicity, Swarna Jaiswal
Articles
No abstract provided.
Spatial Time-Dependent Reliability Analysis Of Reinforced Concrete Slab Bridges Subject To Realistic Traffic Loading, Donya Hajializadeh, Mark Stewart, Bernard Enright, Eugene J. Obrien
Spatial Time-Dependent Reliability Analysis Of Reinforced Concrete Slab Bridges Subject To Realistic Traffic Loading, Donya Hajializadeh, Mark Stewart, Bernard Enright, Eugene J. Obrien
Articles
Resistance and loads are often correlated in time and space. The paper assesses the influence of these correlations on structural reliability/probability of failure for a typical two-lane RC slab bridge under realistic traffic loading. Spatial variables for structural resistance are cover and concrete compressive strength, which in turn affect the strength and chloride-induced corrosion of RC elements. Random variables include pit depth and model error. Correlation of weights between trucks in adjacent lanes and inter-vehicle gaps are also included and are calibrated against Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) data. Reliability analysis of deteriorating bridges needs to incorporate uncertainties associated with parameters governing the …
Indoor Characterisation Of A Photovoltaic/ Thermal Phase Change Material System, Maria Browne, Keith Lawlor, Adam Kelly, Brian Norton, Sarah Mccormack
Indoor Characterisation Of A Photovoltaic/ Thermal Phase Change Material System, Maria Browne, Keith Lawlor, Adam Kelly, Brian Norton, Sarah Mccormack
Articles
Photovoltaic/ thermal (PV/T) systems integrate photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies and have the added advantage of producing both electrical and thermal energy simultaneously. This study has been carried out to investigate the performance of a PV/T phase change material (PCM) system under experimental climatic conditions. Electricity is generated by the PV during daylight hours and the heat produced is absorbed and stored in PCM. Water flows through a pipe network within the PCM and absorbs the stored heat in the PCM. In the PV/T-PCM system, water remained at a higher temperature for an extended period of time as well as …
Optical Microfibre Based Photonic Components And Their Applications In Label-Free Biosensing, Pengfei Wang, Lin Bo, Yuliya Semenova, Gerald Farrell, Gilberto Bramilla
Optical Microfibre Based Photonic Components And Their Applications In Label-Free Biosensing, Pengfei Wang, Lin Bo, Yuliya Semenova, Gerald Farrell, Gilberto Bramilla
Articles
Optical microfibre photonic components offer a variety of enabling properties, including large evanescent fields, flexibility, configurability, high confinement, robustness and compactness. These unique features have been exploited in a range of applications such as telecommunication, sensing, optical manipulation and high Q resonators. Optical microfibre biosensors, as a class of fibre optic biosensors which rely on small geometries to expose the evanescent field to interact with samples, have been widely investigated. Due to their unique properties, such as fast response, functionalization, strong confinement, configurability, flexibility, compact size, low cost, robustness, ease of miniaturization, large evanescent field and label-free operation, optical microfibres …
Identifying And Modelling Permit Trucks For Bridge Loading, Bernard Enright, Eugene J. Obrien, Cathal Leahy
Identifying And Modelling Permit Trucks For Bridge Loading, Bernard Enright, Eugene J. Obrien, Cathal Leahy
Articles
Accurate estimates of characteristic traffic load effects are essential in order to optimize bridge safety assessment. Permit trucks dominate the extreme upper tail of the truck loading distribution and as a result need careful examination. This paper proposes rules for filtering these trucks from Weigh-In-Motion data for both the US and Europe. The importance of these trucks in critical bridge loading events is then examined for both regions. A Monte Carlo traffic simulation model is developed which focuses on the accurate simulation of permit trucks.
Refractive Index Sensor Based On A Silica Microsphere Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator, Arun Mallik, Qiang Wu, Gerald Farrell, Yuliya Semenova
Refractive Index Sensor Based On A Silica Microsphere Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator, Arun Mallik, Qiang Wu, Gerald Farrell, Yuliya Semenova
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
The Evolution Of A New Technological University In Terms Of Policy Definition And Control Of Implementation, Kevin Kelly, Deborah Brennan
The Evolution Of A New Technological University In Terms Of Policy Definition And Control Of Implementation, Kevin Kelly, Deborah Brennan
Conference papers
This paper derives from a Doctoral case study completed in the Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT) in 2008. The main issues of the case study are still being addressed today as DIT prepares to amalgamate with the Institute of Technology Blanchardstown (ITB) and Institute of Technology Tallaght (ITT) in 2015. The combined new institute will become a university in 2016 and is in the process of a move to a green field site. The rate and scope of these changes are challenging for all concerned. Through a series of interviews and focus groups in 2008, a story of DIT emerged. …
Engineering Ethics: Ontology And Politics, Eddie Conlon
Engineering Ethics: Ontology And Politics, Eddie Conlon
Conference papers
“Ontology...acts as both gatekeeper and bouncer for methodology” (Archer 1995: 22). This exploratory paper, through a focus on the relationship between structure and agency, examines the underlying social ontologies informing the teaching, and researching of the teaching, of engineering ethics. It argues that current approaches are deficient and that Critical Realism can provide the basis for a more robust and inclusive research agenda for understanding engineering practice and the teaching of engineering ethics.
Exploring Programme Chairs' Understanding Of The Integration Of Sustainable Development: An Issue Of Professional Identity, Iacovos Nicolaou, Eddie Conlon, Brian Bowe
Exploring Programme Chairs' Understanding Of The Integration Of Sustainable Development: An Issue Of Professional Identity, Iacovos Nicolaou, Eddie Conlon, Brian Bowe
Conference papers
This paper is part of a wider study addressing the level of provision of sustainable development (SD) competencies in seven engineering programmes in three Irish Higher Education Institutions. The paper explores the influence that programme chairs’ professional identity has on their views of SD and their assessment of the extent to which SD is integrated in their programmes. The data for exploring this is taken from a thematic analysis of six interviews with programme chairs which shows that their assessments of the extent to which SD is integrated in their programmes are at odds with previous findings that highlight deficiencies …
What Do Programme Chairs Think About The Integration Of Sd In Their Programmes?, Iacovos Nicolaou, Eddie Conlon
What Do Programme Chairs Think About The Integration Of Sd In Their Programmes?, Iacovos Nicolaou, Eddie Conlon
Conference papers
This paper presents the findings of interviews with six engineering programme chairs regarding their views about the level of integration of SD in their programmes. They are part of a wider study which is examining the integration of SD in engineering programmes across three Irish Higher Education Institutions. Previous stages of the study have determined that students’ knowledge and understanding about SD is inadequate due to the lack of a holistic integration of SD competencies and the focus on skills development in their programmes. The paper will explore the apparent contradiction in that most programme chairs believe that SD is …
Structural Properties Of Concrete Materials Containing Roadcem, Niall Holmes
Structural Properties Of Concrete Materials Containing Roadcem, Niall Holmes
Articles
This paper presents findings from a preliminary study to assess the structural and material properties of a nonstandard, concrete type mix containing RoadCem, a traditional soil stabilising additive. Two different mixes determined the effect of adding RoadCem in terms of compressive and flexural strengths, breaking strain, thermal expansion and contraction behaviour, permeability using a falling head, and Young’s modulus. RoadCem is a fine powder containing alkali metals and synthetic zeolites which are complemented with a complex activator. RoadCem modifies the dynamics and chemistry of cement hydration by enhancing the crystallisation process and forming longer needle crystalline structures. It reduces the …
A Review Of Probabilistic Methods Of Assessment Of Load Effects In Bridges, Eugene J. Obrien, F Schmidt, Donya Hajializadeh, X-Y Zhou, Bernard Enright, Colin C. Caprani, Simon Wilson, Emma Sheils
A Review Of Probabilistic Methods Of Assessment Of Load Effects In Bridges, Eugene J. Obrien, F Schmidt, Donya Hajializadeh, X-Y Zhou, Bernard Enright, Colin C. Caprani, Simon Wilson, Emma Sheils
Articles
This paper reviews a range of statistical approaches to illustrate the influence of data quality and quantity on the probabilistic modelling of traffic load effects. It also aims to demonstrate the importance of long-run simulations in calculating characteristic traffic load effects. The popular methods of Peaks Over Threshold and Generalized Extreme Value are considered but also other methods including the Box-Cox approach, fitting to a Normal distribution and the Rice formula. For these five methods, curves are fitted to the tails of the daily maximum data. Bayesian Updating and Predictive Likelihood are also assessed, which require the entire data for …
The Performance Of Concrete Exposed To Marine Environments: Predictive Modelling And Use Of Laboratory/On Site Test Methods, S.V. Nanukuttan, P.A.M. Basheer, W.J. Mccarter, L. Tang, Niall Holmes, T.M. Chrisp, G. Starrs
The Performance Of Concrete Exposed To Marine Environments: Predictive Modelling And Use Of Laboratory/On Site Test Methods, S.V. Nanukuttan, P.A.M. Basheer, W.J. Mccarter, L. Tang, Niall Holmes, T.M. Chrisp, G. Starrs
Articles
Premature deterioration of reinforced concrete structures due to lack of durability and subsequent poor state of their health, has led to a significant part of the construction budget being spent on repair and rehabilitation works. As a direct consequence, asset owners are often forced to take decisions to repair and maintain existing ailing infrastructure, as opposed to investing in new ones.
Cathodic Protection For Reinforced Concrete Structures: Present Practice And Moves Toward Using Renewable Energy, Aimee Byrne, Niall Holmes, Brian Norton
Cathodic Protection For Reinforced Concrete Structures: Present Practice And Moves Toward Using Renewable Energy, Aimee Byrne, Niall Holmes, Brian Norton
Articles
Abstract: Cathodic protection (CP) limits the corrosion of a metal by making it the cathode of an electrochemical cell. This is achieved either by (i) using more active sacrificial anodes to create a driving current, or (ii) using inert anodes and impressing an external direct current (DC). This paper presents up-to-date CP systems available for reinforced concrete, particularly Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) and self-sufficient or renewable energy systems. The potential for overcoming the mismatch in energy provision from renewable sources (intermittent current) with energy needs for CP (constant current) is discussed by exploring novel designs and examining current requirments.
The Epistemological Basis Of Engineering, And Its Reflection In The Modern Engineering Curriculum, Mike Murphy, William Grimson
The Epistemological Basis Of Engineering, And Its Reflection In The Modern Engineering Curriculum, Mike Murphy, William Grimson
Books/Book chapters
Perhaps unlike other professions, engineering is strangely difficult to define or describe. This is nowhere as evident as when an attempt is made to articulate its epis-temological basis. Engineering has a rich and complex ‘gene pool’ which goes back to when people first built shelters and shaped implements for agricultural purposes. Throughout the ages one constant characteristic of engineering has been its readiness to avail of whatever material is on hand together with whatever knowledge or skill is available to meet the challenge of enhancing an object or making something which nev-er previously existed. On occasion engineers have created new …
Lighting Design In Europe: Aligning The Demands For Lower Energy Usage With Better Quality., Kevin Kelly, James Duff
Lighting Design In Europe: Aligning The Demands For Lower Energy Usage With Better Quality., Kevin Kelly, James Duff
Articles
Lighting design is one of the fastest changing areas in building engineering. It has evolved significantly in recent years due to changing technology and demands for improved quality, better control, reduced energy and sustainability. This paper is an overview of what is happening in Europe and elsewhere and examines the literature to find that latest recommendations in the Code for Lighting issued by the SLL (Society of Light and Lighting) in the UK change previous demands for equal illuminance across a working plane to more specific and demanding criteria. There are recommendations for qualitative metrics and better distribution of light …
A Critical Realist Approach To Engineering Ethics, Eddie Conlon
A Critical Realist Approach To Engineering Ethics, Eddie Conlon
Conference papers
This paper is focused on the teaching of engineering ethics (EE). Through a focus on safety and the lens of what sociologists call the agency/ structure relationship it examimes various approaches to this teaching. Drawing on Critical Realism it argues there are deficiencies in both the dominant approach and a number of proposed alternatives as they suffer from various forms of conflationism . By drawing on Critical Realism (CR) a more robust agenda for teaching engineering ethics can be developed. It is argued that CR offers a basis for understanding the range of factors which lead to accidents and disasters. …
Packaged Silica And Chalcogenide Microspheres And Their Applications For Telecommunications, Pengfei Wang
Packaged Silica And Chalcogenide Microspheres And Their Applications For Telecommunications, Pengfei Wang
Conference papers
To investigate, both theoretically and experimentally, packaged silica and chalcogenide microsphere and their potential applications in telecommunications.
High Sensitivity Refractive Index Sensor Based On A Tapered Small Core Single-Mode Fiber Structure., Dejun Liu, Arun Mallik, Jinhui Yuan, Chongxiu Yu, Gerald Farrell, Yuliya Semenova, Qiang Wu
High Sensitivity Refractive Index Sensor Based On A Tapered Small Core Single-Mode Fiber Structure., Dejun Liu, Arun Mallik, Jinhui Yuan, Chongxiu Yu, Gerald Farrell, Yuliya Semenova, Qiang Wu
Articles
A high sensitivity refractive index (RI) sensor based on a tapered small core single-mode fiber (SCSMF) structure sandwiched between two traditional single-mode fibers (SMF28) is reported. The microheater brushing technique was employed to fabricate the tapered fiber structures with different waist diameters of 12.5, 15.0, and 18.8 μm. Experiments demonstrate that the fiber sensor with a waist diameter of 12.5 μm offers the best sensitivity of 19212.5 nm/RIU19212.5 nm/RIU (RI unit) in the RI range of 1.4304 to 1.4320. All sensors fabricated in this Letter show good linearity in terms of the spectral wavelength shift versus changes in RI. Furthermore, …
Topological Risk Mapping Of Runway Overruns: A Probabilistic Approach, Paolo Trucco, Massimiliano Ambroggi, Maria Chiara Leva
Topological Risk Mapping Of Runway Overruns: A Probabilistic Approach, Paolo Trucco, Massimiliano Ambroggi, Maria Chiara Leva
Articles
The paper presents a topological risk mapping for aircraft overruns. The proposed procedure is based on the study published in 2008 by Hall et al. (Analysis of aircraft overruns and undershoots for runway safety areas. Airport Cooperative Research Program. Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board; 2008). In that study the authors performed an analysis of aircraft overruns and undershoots for runway safety areas proposing the ACRP hazard probability model. In the present study the model was integrated into a two-step Monte Carlo simulation procedure to assess the risk of overrun accidents and to provide a topological risk map for a specific …
Integration Of Human And Organizational Factors With Quantitative Risk Assessment Based On Accident Investigation, M. Ahmad, Marco Pontiggia, Maria Chiara Leva
Integration Of Human And Organizational Factors With Quantitative Risk Assessment Based On Accident Investigation, M. Ahmad, Marco Pontiggia, Maria Chiara Leva
Conference Papers
This paper presents a statistical analysis of past accidents that occurred between 1988 and 2012 reported to the European Commission’s Major Accident Reporting System (eMARS) focusing on Human and Organizational Factors (HOF). The main purpose of this work is to quantify the HOF integrated with conventional risk assessment approaches and to provide future guidelines to relevant standards and current best practices. The accident analysis results are further used to quantify the HOF assessment based on the probabilistic Rasch model. A new approach, Method for Error Deduction and Incident Analysis (MEDIA) is proposed which can be used with Quantitative Risk Assessment …
Engineering Identities: Section Introduction, Mike Murphy, Tony Marjoram
Engineering Identities: Section Introduction, Mike Murphy, Tony Marjoram
Books/Book chapters
No abstract provided.
Optical Fiber Sensors For Smart Composite Materials And Structures, Manjusha Ramakrishnan, Yuliya Semenova, Gerald Farrell, Ginu Rajan
Optical Fiber Sensors For Smart Composite Materials And Structures, Manjusha Ramakrishnan, Yuliya Semenova, Gerald Farrell, Ginu Rajan
Books/Book chapters
Composite material structures are widely used in the aerospace, marine, aviation, transport, sport/leisure and civil engineering industries. Such composite material structures are frequently subjected to external perturbations and varying environmental conditions, which may cause the structures to suffer from fatique damage and/or failure, and thus require real-time structural health monitoring (SHM). Of necessity, the diagnosis process and condition monitoring of composite structures are usually carried out during their working life. The goal of such diagnosis is to detect, identify, locate, and assess the defects that my affect the safety or performance of a structure.
Understanding The Dynamic Behaviour Of Three Echelon Retail Supply Chain Disruptions, John Crowe, Mohammed Mesabbah, Amr Arisha
Understanding The Dynamic Behaviour Of Three Echelon Retail Supply Chain Disruptions, John Crowe, Mohammed Mesabbah, Amr Arisha
Conference papers
It is often taken for granted that the right products will be available to buy in retail outlets 7 days a week, 52 weeks a year. Challenges in achieving this continued on-shelf availability range from recession hit demand patterns to cost reduction driven strategies. Irish government initiatives to brand the country as a sustainable, reliable provider of food retail supply chains has resulted in increased importance on decision maker accuracy. The vulnerability of retail supply chain’s (RSC) to disruption is another catalyst in the complexity of the decision making process and a more robust understanding of disruption behavior is needed. …
Effects Of Posttensioning Slippage On 2-Way Spanning Concrete Slabs, Niall Holmes, Eoin Byrne
Effects Of Posttensioning Slippage On 2-Way Spanning Concrete Slabs, Niall Holmes, Eoin Byrne
Articles
This paper investigates the effect of improper posttensioning of a 2-way spanning concrete slab subject to a central point load. Due to plate slippage alone, the support conditions only offered a 1-way spanning action which could have led to premature failure with dangerous consequences. Posttensioning can strengthen a flat slab against punching shear by controlling deflections and cracking under service loads compared with traditional punching shear reinforcing methods leading to more slender structures and economic solutions for longer spans. However, if the method is not properly applied, these thinner floor plates can fail in a brittle and sudden manner by …
Nonlinear Analysis Of Isotropic Slab Bridges Under Extreme Traffic Loading, Donya Hajializadeh, A. Salam Al-Sabah, Eugene J. Obrien, Debra F. Laefer, Bernard Enright
Nonlinear Analysis Of Isotropic Slab Bridges Under Extreme Traffic Loading, Donya Hajializadeh, A. Salam Al-Sabah, Eugene J. Obrien, Debra F. Laefer, Bernard Enright
Articles
Probabilistic analysis of traffic loading on a bridge traditionally involves an extrapolation from measured or simulated load effects to a characteristic maximum value. In recent years, Long Run Simulation, whereby thousands of years of traffic are simulated, has allowed researchers to gain new insights into the nature of the traffic scenarios that govern at the limit state. For example, mobile cranes and low-loaders, sometimes accompanied by a common articulated truck, have been shown to govern in most cases. In this paper, the extreme loading scenarios identified in the Long Run Simulation are applied to a non-linear, two-dimensional (2D) plate finite …
Adopting Problem Based Learning In Third Level Computer Science, Martin Mchugh
Adopting Problem Based Learning In Third Level Computer Science, Martin Mchugh
Reports
It has been recognised that the traditional teaching approach of the teacher being solely a transmitter and the student being a receiver is not sufficient. This is evident when a traditional style of teaching is compared to a more hands-on approach to learning. When discussing the traditional style of teaching, Earl and Ellington (1999, p.83) describe how in this approach to learning; (current) teaching methods are almost invariably of the ‘face-to-face’ type. The whole system is generally geared towards the smooth operation of the teaching institution, with little or no attempt being made to cater for the different learning styles …
Professional Formation Of Engineers: Enhancing The First Year Student Experience, Eileen Goold
Professional Formation Of Engineers: Enhancing The First Year Student Experience, Eileen Goold
Conference Papers
This paper reports on a study investigating engineering students’ perceptions of engineering practice and whether engineering students’ cognitive engagement benefits from bridging the gap between the technical issues in their education and the practical realities of modern engineering practice.
Engineering Students’ Perceptions Of Their Preparation For Engineering Practice, Eileen Goold Dr
Engineering Students’ Perceptions Of Their Preparation For Engineering Practice, Eileen Goold Dr
Conference Papers
A common theme in the scholarly literature describing engineering is associated with the conception of the term global engineer where the role of the engineer has become quite broad. This study investigates engineering students’ perceptions of their future careers and their preparation for professional practice. This is important information for engineering educators as students with heightened interest in professional practice demonstrate more cognitive engagement. Additionally many graduate engineers are challenged by the transition into engineering practice. A mixed methods approach is employed. The degree competencies are required and learned by electronic engineering students, at the Institute of Technology Tallaght Dublin, …