Engineering Commons^™

Electrochemical Reduction Of Quaternary Ammonium Salts, Rudolph K. Kapichak

Theses

The electrochemical reduction of two highly hindered quaternary ammonium salts was attempted. The reductions were performed in hexamethylphosphoramide at a controlled potential using platinum electrodes. It was anticipated that these reductions would provide a route to the formation of anti-Bredt bridgehead olefins. This work is an extension of the work of Dubois, Monvernay and Lacaze who electrochemically reduced quaternary ammonium salts such as trimethyl-t-butylammonium iodide (XX).

Trimethy1-2,4,4-trimethy1-2-pentylammonium iodide (XXIII) was reduced to form 2,4,4-trimethyl-l-pentene (XXVI) and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (XXV). The yields of the two runs of this reduction were 10% and 20% and in the first run of the reduction 75% …

Optimization Of Reactive Ionized Cluster Beam (R-Icb) Technique For Deposition Of Gan Films, Veronica S. Kyriacou

Theses

The deposition of GaN film onto glass substrate, using the Reactive - Ionized Cluster Beam deposition technique was studied. The creation of clusters is dictated by various parameters such as the vacuum pressure inside and outside the crucible, the crucible temperature, and the nozzle diameter of the crucible. Optimization of these parameters was experimentally studied, and deposition of gallium films on glass substrates was tried as a first step.

The direct heating method was used at first to get the 1100¬1300°C crucible temperature which was required for the creation of gallium clusters. Although different tungsten wire diameters and different number …

The Gpib User's Manual For Hx-40, Ding-Tang Li

Theses

A completed RS-232 to GPIB interfacing system has been built for HX-40 to master the GPIB oriented machine through its serial port. GPIB commands and data can be transfered between HX-40 and the slave station, which is a HP 3582A spectrum analyzer in this project. The data acquisition from serial to GPIB is done by a well-made GPNET mode 10 interfacing board in a transmitting rate of 9600 baud rate. GPNET exchanges data and commands with HX-40 through a RS-232 port, and passes them to the slave station through a GPIB port which is coordinated by GPIB protocol. A software …

Optimum Design Of Structures Subject To Buckling Constraints, Thomas G. Looby

Theses

This thesis describes the optimal design of bar type planar truss structures subject to stress and buckling constraints. All of the structures considered are modeled using the direct stiffness finite element approach. A mathematical programming method incorporating a feasible directions routine is utilized to develop least weight designs for these conditions. The existing structural optimization programme CADOS which has successfully solved stress and deflection problems for this class of structures is adapted herein to treat local stability constraints based on Euler bucking criteria.In addition the optimization routine is modified to more effectively treat, infeasible starting designs. These modifications were tested …

Analysis And Evaluation Of The Developments In The Use Of Coal, Farid Najib Elkheshen

Theses

This thesis is a survey and evaluation of the developments in the use of coal. It deals with the social, economic, physical, and biological impacts of such a shift. It examines the complete coal system, from extraction to combustion, including the key steps and policy initiatives. The United States, with 6% of the world's population, consumes about 33% of its commerical energy supply - while the available reserve coal is about 80% of total energy in the United States, with coal use representing only 17%, oil and gas about 78% at present.

Technologies under development that might reduce costs, increase …

Effects Of Adhesion On The Active Pressure Exerted On A Retaining Wall, Thomas G. Gallagher

Theses

This paper investigated the effect of adhesion on the active pressure behind a retaining wall. No equation existed to solve for the active pressure for a sloped backfill that also takes into consideration cohesive and adhesive forces on a failure wedge. The trial—wedge solution(Culmann method) considers these parameters, but since it is a trial and error method it takes up too much time to solve. A shorter solution is desirable. An equation for the active pressure in terms of ρ(angle between horizontal and failure plane) was derived. A closed form solution for earth pressure was developed by setting the derivative …

Identification Of Material Constants Of Human Bone Using Finite Element Method For Micropolar Elasticity, Sajid Mannan Sayed

Theses

Bone differs from most engineering materials in the composition of its structure. The classical theory of elasticity fails to correctly predict the stress concentration effects in bones with precracked or notched surfaces, and can be applied only to those materials which exhibit more homogeneity and isotropicity than bone. Therefore, generalized continuum theories, which have addditional degrees of freedom, must be used to determine the stress concentration effects in human bone, especially in regions of high strain gradient, such as a hole or an interface.

In this thesis, efforts have been made to identify the material constants of human bone since …

Development Of Dynamic Analysis Program Mini-Dymac, Shang-Rou Shien

Theses

The computer program DYMAC developed by B. Paul automatically generates and numerically integrates the equations of motion of closed loop multi-body mechanical systems. The theory behind this program is Larange's form of d'Alembert's principle. However, it is not an easy task for the beginners to understand this program completely. If there is a simplified version of the program, it will be of great help for those people to understand the essential organization of the program.

Using the same theory of DYMAC, computer program MINI-DYMAC is developed in this thesis and hoped to serve as an educational version of DYMAC. For …

Use Of Clay As A Landfill Liner, Mayur B. Desai

Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to study the factors affecting efficient functioning of clay material for containment of landfill materials. The study of liner-leacheate interaction is done from the consolidation and vane shear tests on various clays having different activities, and chemicals that are typically found in a municipal solid waste leachate and a leachate collected from an active landfill.

An effort was made to study the use of Atterberg limits to predict the suitability of a clay as a landfill liner for a given waste environment. The study indicates that there is a decrease in permeability of bentonite …

Computer Application Of Project Planning And Scheduling With Cpm, Mohamed Tarek Abdel-Aziz

Theses

Scheduling is one of the most important tools for project management and control, and the CPM is one of the techniques used in project scheduling.

The primary objective of this thesis is to develop a CPM computer package using a microcomputer. The package is constituted in Basic (Applesoft Basic) for use on Apple II Plus, IIe or IIc.

The package is intended to be available to users without sufficient knowledge about computer. And it consists of two computer programs. The first computer program is the CPM-I which schedules project activities with unlimited resources. The second computer program is the CPM-II …

Dynamic Laryngeal Analysis : Hardware And Software, Augustine Chan

Theses

A data acquisition and analysis system has been built and tested for the study of laryngeal dynamics: The system uses a computer to control the digitizing rate and to coordinate the pitch prompting for the subject. Tokens of steady state laryngeal vibration are obtained from an electroglottograph when the subject intones a series of computer prompted pitches in a musically scalar sequence. The system digitize the data at a basic rate of 200 samples per laryngeal cycle: This procedure enables the system to perform a modal analysis of laryngeal function: The signal processing and analysis procedure developed displays voice registration …

The Interfacing Between The A/D Converter, Buffer Memory And Hx-40 Microcomputer, Yu-Hwa Chu

Theses

The data acquisition system which includes A/D converter, buffer memory, and address generator, is to digitize the signal for the computer use. The special feature of this system is the computer controlled digitizing rate over a range from 35K to 0.

The interfacing between Motorola 68000 E.C.B. to H.P. 64000 Development System is the simple example for data communication. How to make the protocal to be compatible is the main point. H.P. 64000 is treated as a host computer because it has the capability for data management and large memory for storing data.

Design Of Code Division Multiple Access Systems, Nakrendrakumar Patel

Theses

The intent of the work "Design of Code Division Multiple Access systems (CDMA) " is to consider different aspects of design with their effect on system performance. The generation of binary shift register sequences, that is maximal length sequences, with their properties are presented. From these maximal length sequences the Gold codes are obtained which are the most suitable approximately orthogonal codes for designing CDMA systems. These are discussed with their specific crosscorrelation properties. An extensive discussion is given of the difficult problem of synchronization, thatis bothacquisitionandtracking of pseudonoise sequences. Different synchronizing methods are discussed along with their relative performance. …

Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Of Brunswick Soil With Aqueous Benzene Solution, Thomas R. Pisciotta

Theses

Tests measuring saturated hydraulic conductivity and dispersivity were conducted on Brunswick soil using an aqueous solution of benzene. The tests were performed using a flexible wall permeameter which was modified to allow extraction of effluent samples immediately upon exit of the test specimen. Influent and effluent samples were analyzed with a gas chromatograph in order to quantify dispersion and sorption in the specimen.

The test was performed using a confining pressure of 70 psi. and a hydraulic gradient of 100.3. Using a sample statically compacted to 99.2% of the Modified Proctor maximum density and tap water as a permeant, stable …

Finite Element Analysis Of The Prosthetic Acetabular Region, Katkuri Venkat Rammanohar Reddy

Theses

Femoral component loosening and prosthetic stem fractures have renewed interest in conservative alternatives to conventional total hip replacements. The objective in this study is to get interfacial stresses of a acetabular surface replacement cup. This is done by performing finite element analysis of the model. A solid three - dimensional model with a grid of 3D isoparametric solid elements is generated using ANSYS, a powerful finite element analysis package. The stiffness is considered to be linearly proportional to the stress in the acetabular region. The stresses are determined by performing iterative finite element analysis. Stresses arp computed using two different …

Computerized Work Measurement System, Vrajesh Shah

Theses

This thesis is concerned with the application of computerized work measurement to improve productivity and efficiency of production workers. In doing so, the techniques of MOST (Maynard Operation Sequence Technique) is studied to determine its appropriateness for industrial use. The advantages and disadvantages of the system are studied as to its value to large and small industries.

Digital Signal Processing On Tms32010 Evaluation Module And Analog Interface Board, Jiming Sun

Theses

The TMS32010 Evaluation Module (EVM) and Analog Interface Board (AIB) have been used to implement a digital signal processing system. This new system will be the hardware basis for research and development in the DSP field at NJIT in the future. This thesis will serve as a user's guide and overall technical manual for the system.

TMS32010 Assembler, Linker and Simulator in VAX-11 are used to develop the system software, then we can down load the object codes to the EVM through the MODEM in order to test them. By using the A/D and D/A converter as input and output …

Similitude Analysis Of Model Experiments Of Piles Driven To Rock, George Nicou Georghoudes

Theses

This thesis investigates the similitude requirements for the Dynamic Pile Driving Apparatus in the New Jersey Institute of Technology Laboratory. The apparatus is being used to perform model tests to study bearing stratum fracturing caused by driving pile groups to weak rock.

Two approaches were used to establish similitude between the model and actual field conditions. The first approach utilizes dimensional analysis to develop a relationship between the energy delivered to the rock mass by the pile and the unit length. The second approach proposes a procedure to establish an empirical relationship between the threshold energy to fracture the rock …

The Impact Of Fms On Batch Production Processes, Jan-Sheau Ho

Theses

A Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) is an integrated system of combining metalcutting and other processes with materials handling under computer control. With computer control, FMS is capable of processing a variety of different types of workpieces simultaneously. FMS is an approach towards a balancing of high output on the one hand and great flexibility on the other hand. FMS stands as a new technology to improve the productivity of mid-volume, mid-variety production; therefore the manufacturing world will soon feel the impact of FMS.

This thesis attempts to specify what FMS is and how it works, the influence of FMS on …

Sputtered Mercury Cadmium Telluride Heterojunction Devices : Electrical Characteristics And Fabrication Process, Ashish N. Mistry

Theses

The main objective of this thesis was to grow high quality epitaxial films of the compound semiconductor Mercury-Cadmium-Telluride (MCT) on Silicon and MCT substrates,using sputtering technology. The research was aimed at investigating the heterojunction behaviour at such interfaces. Detailed studies about the heterojunction theory were made. Devices were made using MCT substrates prepared at the Santa Barbara Research Center (S.B.R. C.),California.

Experiments were designed to grow MCT films with high electron mobility and low carrier concentration in as-grown MCT films and some results were obtained close to reported data for high grade bulk material. Since the parameters involved in sputter …

Microcomputer-Based System For The Measurement Of Facial Swelling, Michael Guy Demuth

Theses

The measurement of facial swelling after oral surgery can indicate the effect of anti-inflammatory drugs. A mechanical device was interfaced to a microcomputer to allow faster calculation of swelling. The mechanical system first established X and Y coordinates on the face. A feeler arm traced out the facial contours and two linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs) related X and Y displacements to voltages which were fed into a microcomputer via an A/D converter. Three BASIC programs were written which facilitated the analysis of patient swelling. MEASUREMENT stored the X-Y voltages from the LVDTs in a patient disk file. CALCULATION filtered …

Design And Construction Of An Atomic Nitrogen Source For Ion Cluster Beam Deposition Of Thin Film Nitrides, Sahar Elgharib

Theses

The objective of this thesis research was to generate atomic nitrogen to react with Ga being deposited by an Ion Cluster Beam method to prepare GaN thin films. An experimental reactor was designed and constructed to generate atomic nitrogen by making use of a microwave induced discharge to dissociate molecular nitrogen into atomic nitrogen. The concentration and the flow rate of the atomic nitrogen arriving at the substrate were measured by titration with nitrous oxide. The experiments were done with 0.32 square cm quartz tubing at room temperature over the nitrogen pressure range from 0.14 torr to 0.56 torr. Results …

Moderating Online Conferences, Revised Manuscript, Computerized Conferencing & Communications Center, Elaine B. Kerr

Computerized Conferencing and Communications Center Reports

While considerable lore has accumulated about effective leadership techniques for groups interacting electronically, until now it has not been systematically presented. This material is culled from the experiences of those who have moderated past online conferences, the knowledge common to the EIES User Consultants, and observed behavior from thousands of conferences convened on EIES in the past. While this is a system-specific guide, the general principles ought to be generalizable to other systems, with different structures for group discussion.

Robert Burns put it well:
The best laid schemes o' mice and men
Gang aft a-gley;
An' lea'e us nought but …

Determination Of Trace Quantities Of Selenium And Arsenic In Canned Tuna Fish Using Electroanalytical Techniques, Ann Marie Higham

Theses

Toxic metals are present in the environment and are known to be present in food. Selenium, which is considered an essential micronutrient, is recognized as a toxic metal at slightly higher concentrations. Arsenic is also recognized as a toxic metal. Selenium and Arsenic tend to accumulate in food, specifically fish and seafood.

Fifteen brands and types of tuna fish were analyzed for selenium using differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry. The cans with the high and low concentrations of selenium were analyzed for arsenic using differential pulse polarography. Three samples with three percent recoveries and a blank were analyzed for each …

Integrating Working At Home With Information Systems Management, Computerized Conferencing & Communications Center, Joseph C. Schuh

Computerized Conferencing and Communications Center Reports

The history of computerization has its origin in the automation of manual processes - searching out the segments that could be put on a computer. The intended result was that the entire job would be done faster and cheaper. Thus, current computer-based information systems tend to make more efficient use of computers than people. The management function, on the other hand, often seems to focus on competitive skills and salesmanship rather than on the ability to attract and hold talented people. But, such impersonal factors that have driven management practices are changing. There has been a complete reversal in the …

An Industrial Ethanol Azeotropic Distillation Process : Modeling, Analysis, And Simulation, Harpreet Singh Chawla

Dissertations

A steady state process simulator with extensive capabilities was developed for the simulation of process plants involving non-ideal multicomponent systems. A comprehensive stand alone program was developed to represent process systems encountering three phases. A computer program was also developed to handle simultaneous regression of vapor-liquid and liquid-liquid equilibria data to estimate the liquid phase activity coefficients via a global set of parameters for the ethanol azeotropic distillation process, using benzene as the entrainer.

An industrial ethanol azeotropic distillation process has been simulated using the developed process simulator (PROSIM). A study of the azeotropic column's aqueous ethanol feed composition reveals …

Enhancement Of The Thermophysical Capability Of The Chemical Engineering Simulation System, Joydeep Banerjee

Theses

The CHESS (Chemical Engineering Emulation System) is a generalized steady-state, sequential-modular chemical process simulation program. In this thesis, the thermophysical data prediction capability of CHESS has been expanded by: incorporating more accurate thermodynamic phase-behavior models, by utilizing these models in generating a wider range of thermophysical properties, and providing an updated and expanded database for pure-component physical properties.

The overall performance of the simulation system's thermophysical package has been evaluated using the study of a subprocess consisting of various rotational equipment modules.

In this work, the Chao-Seader liquid phase activity coefficient model has been reinstalled in conjunction with the original …

A Study Of Parameters Indicating Microbial Activity In Mixed Aerobic Cultures, William Smith

Theses

Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), oxygen uptake rate (OUR) and general dehydrogenase activity, as expressed by the reduction of the electron-acceptor Dye 3-(4',5'-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 4-diphenyltetra-zolium bromide (MTT), were compared for their ability to measure microbial activity in mixed aerobic cultures. A fourth parameter, specific enzyme activity, was dropped from consideration because of the difficulty of developing a satisfactory experimental technique. Measurement of the parameters was applied to the biodegradation of phenol and o-chlorophenol by activated sludge from a municipal sewage treatment plant, and by two commercially available bacterial preparations.

MLSS, although the most commonly used of the three parameters tested, is …

An Investigation Of The Application Of Utility Theory To Determine The Value Of Time: The Demand For Interactive Information Systems In Student Markets, Gordon S. Kalley

Theses

The economic rational of many contemporary businesses is the provision of services or labor saving equipment which their customers' pay for in order• to save themselves time. A major decision such an enterprise must make prior to entry into the market i=_ whether enough of a market exists to make its entry worthwhile. Such firms would be able to make better resource allocation decisions if they could have a quantitative measure of the relationship of their consumer's valuation of time vis a vi money. This study proposes such a measure.

Interactive information systems, whose viability depends to a large degree …

Basic Concepts In Cad & Cam, Chao-Ming Liu

Theses

As the computer revolution is nearing its end, CAD/CAM concepts are being widely accepted and evolving rapidly. This thesis begins with a disscussion of the significance and advantages of CAD/CAM and their relationship with automation. Hardware and software components involved are then introduced. Product design under CAD is done by computers. Computers perform engineering analysis, necessary calculations, and dynamic simulation to complete the complex design. The geometric elements and operational primitives are provided by a data base system. The major components of CAM are then introduced. The term CAM is used in a broader sense to include CAPP, MRP, NC, …