Engineering Commons^™

Degradation Of Aniline And Nitrobenzene In A Photoreactor, Michael Joseph Sowa

Theses

Degradation of aniline and nitrobenzene in aqueuous solutions was studied. Five reaction processes were utilized, including ultraviolet light, ozone, O₂/UV, O₃/O₂/UV, and H₂O₂/UV. A 30 liter semi-batch gas sparged reactor was used for the development of reaction rate and mass transfer parameters in these systems. The results were used to model a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) for the O₃/O₂/UV case. Reasonable agreement was obtained for steady state exit concentrations between the experimental data and those predicted from the model.

Evaluation Of Word Processing Cost Effectiveness, Nicholas E. Tedesco

Theses

The objective of this thesis is to examine the use of word processing technology to determine if its implementation is a cost effective investment. This will be accomplished by comparing the cost of a typewritten page before and after the implementation or upgrade of word processing equipment. The degree of utilization and the impact of utilization on standard costs will also be examined.

Significant difficulty was encountered attempting to locate and compile statistical information on word processing. Therefore, a questionnaire was developed and distributed to the 100 largest public and 100 largest private companies headquartered in New Jersey, requesting information …

Application Of Robots In Developing Countries, Badi Uddin

Theses

The increasing versatility of robots has led to their use in a widening range of applications. The robot population is growing at a remarkable pace. The increase in the use of robots in industry has changed the standards of productivity and quality. During past years, as labor costs has risen, safety and environmental regulations have been changed to provide more benefits to workers and capabilities of robots became more sophisticated. Therefore, robots became a valuable piece of production equipment.

Now, robots are able to perform all kinds of hazardous and heavy duty jobs which are harmful to human life or …

Reaction Of Hydrogen With Methylene Chloride And Carbon Tetrachloride At High Temperature, Hun Tsao

Theses

The reactions of methylene chloride and carbon tetrachloride in hydrogen in the temperature range 500 - 1000° C were studied using tubular flow reactors of three diameters. (ID: 0.40, 1.05, 1.60 cm). Residence time range was from 0.3 to 3.5 seconds. Temperature profiles of the reactors was kept within +/- 5° C of central 85% for the 18 inch long reactor, at a total pressure of 1 atmosphere. No chlorinated hydrocarbon products were observed at or above 950° C. The major products in this temperature range were CH4, C2H₂, C2H₄, C2H₆ and HCl.

The pseudo …

Implementation Of Inverse Multiprofile Streak Technique, Brian Edward Fuchs

Theses

The inverse multiprofile streak technique is a new measurement technique available to researchers and was implemented to better achieve measurements on detonation phenomena. This technique provides the wave front geometry around the perimeter of an explosive charge through the use of multiple slits placed on the charge and a high speed streak camera. Testing, analysis, and methodology for this technique are presented in order to provide information to interested researchers. A personal computer program and sample tests are included to illustrate the method used.

Post-Cracking And Nonlinear Microcomputer Analysis In Reinforced Concrete Beams, Pedro Ricardo Munoz Arias

Theses

The main objective of this Thesis work is to study a non-linear behavior of reinforced concrete structures using the Finite Element Method and an incremental load strategy.

Bond between steel and concrete is simulated using linkage spring elements. The proposed model has a generalized crack propagation capability and it accounts for nonlinearities due to cracking and material properties.

Load-displacement relationships describing the aggregate interlock along the crack and the dowel action at the level of reinforcement are incorporated into a computer program.

A simply supported reinforced concrete beam is analyzed from zero load until failure. Contributions to the shear capacity …

Thermal Decomposition Of Dichlorobenzene In An Atmosphere Of Hydrogen And Helium, Mingta Hung

Theses

Reactions of dilute mixtures of dichlorobenzene in hydrogen and in helium were studied in a tubular reactor at a pressure of 1 atm, residence times of 0.04 to 2.7 seconds, and temperature range of 825 to 1000° C. Product distributions at various reaction conditions are measured with a flame ionization detector gas chromatograph, and qualitative analysis of batch samples was also performed by GC/Mass Spectrometry. The major products were observed as the thermodynamically stable species, HC1, Cis), benzene and chlorobenzene. Thermal reaction in helium at 1 second residence time in 1.05 cm ID reactor yielded less benzene and chlorobenzene when …

Computered-Aided Digital Filter Design And Simulatio, Pao-Tsan Chiang

Theses

The simulation is written by C language on AT&T Unix pc 7300 environment, some fundamental mathematics is introduced in the beginning, then digital filter specification method: window, frequency sampling, equiripple are discussed, and Kaiser window method is discussed in details for programming.

There are many problems are met in my simulation, such as F.F.T. aliasing, leakage, Picket fence convolution, correlation, but solutions are proposed.

The result could be output data and graph, GSS_Drivers graph package is utilized, because consideration of operation speed and convenience are emphasized, speed is compromised, but easy to be restructured.

A Dsp Toolkit For The Unix/C Environment Of The Pc 7300 Compute, Suwutchai Jesdanun

Theses

The Digital Signal Processing (DSP) TOOLKIT is a package of programs designed to use the fast Fourier transform (FFT) and display its output responses in graphics form. This tool provides three different window functions and five data modifiers for filter designing and spectrum analysis. Flexible features for modifying the plottings, such as y-axis auto-scaling, xy-axis scaling and center line adjusting of the graphics display, are included.

All programs are written in C programming language for the UNIX System Environment of the UNIX PC 7300 computer. The program structure of DSP TOOLKIT is designed so that modules can be added or …

A Prognostication Of Just-In-Time Efficacy In American Manufacturing, Mark L. Kahan

Theses

"Just-in-time" is a Japanese philosophy of business management which has as its ideal the complete elimination of waste in the process of adding value to a product. Some experts have contended that its basis is not cultural, but technical, and is thus applicable to American manufacturing concerns. After an initial exploration of economics and productivity concepts, and of U.S. logistics, inventory, and purchasing practices, the matter of Just-in-time will be addressed, both theoretically and in terms of Japanese business and labor relationships and culture. Then, based upon a case study consisting of observations made at a traditional American manufacturer, this …

A Mathematical Model Of Photopolymerization In A Batch Reactor, Jyh-Yao Li

Theses

A mathematical model of a photo initiated additionpolymerization in a batch reactor was developed.

The model considered initiation, propagation and, termination to simulate the addition polymerization process, The model has the advantage that the concentration of any particular n-mer may be calculated without calculating all of its precursors. Other methods do not have this property. An analytical solution to the model for the photopolymerization of styrene was solved. The calculations were run on a VAX 8800 computer and the results were then compared with the experimental results. The calculated results fitted the experimental results to some extent. Effects from the …

Time Series Analysis Of Respiration Component In Heart Rate Variability, Anuradha Ramaswamy Iyengar

Theses

Time series signal processing techniques (Fourier based) were applied to analyze the relationship between heart rate and respiration. This analysis takes advantage of the different timing charecteristics of the autonomic nervous system inputs to analyze their influence on the heart rate.

Data from three experiments were analyzed. The first set of data was from helicopter pilots of the US Army. They injected atropine into themselves on certain days. The effect of atropine on the heart rate spectrum and the relationship between heart rate and respiration was studied. It was found that atropine abolishes the respiration peak in the heart rate …

Process Hazard Review For Drug Development, Rudolph R. Schwarz

Theses

The development of drugs has become increasingly complex, requiring the use of a wide variety of pharmaceutical actives and isolated intermediates, a majority of which are not always completely characterized with respect to their hazard potential. This can present a source of potential exposure to those who handle these substances during initial drug development, manufacturing of the drug active and ultimately the finished pharamaceutical product. It is, therefore, essential that safety and health information be documented and communicated during the entire drug development process.

The need for application of process hazard review techniques to the development of new drug materials …

Studies Directed Toward Beta-Cyclodextrin And Capped Beta-Cyclodextrin Mimics Of Alpha-Chymotrypsin, Preston Marlon Canzius

Theses

Molecular mechanics calculations were used to investigate beta-cyclodextrin and capped beta-cyclodextrin as models for the active site of alpha-chymotrypsin. The Amber molecular mechanics force field was used to investigate the effect that addition of the caps has on the conformation of the beta-cyclodextrin macrocycle.

The RMS module of Amber was used to calculate differences in position between the atoms of the minimized mimics and those of the X-ray crystal structure. The deviation in position of the atoms of the minimized capped beta-cyclodextrin macrocycle was found to be larger than that of the minimized beta-cyclodextrin, indicating that the caps do affect …

Separation Of Chromium From Waste Sludges By An Electric Membrane Process, Freeman Nai-Tchun Ho

Theses

The process is characterized by using metallic membrane as a filter which is charged by a separate DC-power supply and it may become experimentally very effective in increasing the separation potency and migration flux. The technique of integrating migration with electromembrane was evaluated for the removal of chromium. The transport was found to be adequately described by an equation in which the rate is proportional to the chromium concentration. The rate of dichromate ions transported across the membranes and the gel water content of membrane increased when the ratio of electromembrane potential and cell system potential was increased. The back …

Characterization Of Pulse Duplicator Model For Testing Of Heart Valves, Pankesh Nilkamal Kadam

Theses

The design and development of a pulse duplicator system for testing of prosthetic valves is described. The performance characteristics were evaluated by computing the input impedance of the system from the measured pressure and flow signals for different simulation configurations. The study has been further extended to determine the feasibility of evaluating the cardiovascular status of a patient after major open heart procedure or in state of shock.

Built on hydrodynamic principles, the model allows for a wide range of heart rates, flow rates and mean pressures to be simulated. The artificial circulatory system used as a load to the …

Feasibility Of State-Of-The-Art Project Planning Techniques In Pakistan, Ahmed Mansoor Ansari

Theses

The objective of this work is two-fold:

1. Technological transfer of the best suitable state of the art techniques for implementation in the construction industry of Pakistan.

2. A vehicle intended for American readers to gain insight of the present methods of working in Pakistan.

In harmony to the first of the forestated ambitions this work covers subjects widely ranging from introducing the concept of proven scheduling techniques as CPM, PERT to the application of these techniques via advanced computer technology.

Frequently, American professionals and consulting firms are invited to participate to administer or design specialist construction projects in Pakistan. …

Study Of Reliability And Failure Mechanism Of Solid Tantalum Capacitor, Rajan N. Bhatt

Theses

Today, reliability is acknowledged as an important item in design and operation of the electronic systems.

This thesis provides some theory, and experiments are instituted to evaluate the reliability of SOLID TANTALUM CAPACITORS made by reputed manufacturers. The experiment was conducted on four batches of tantalum capacitors at different temperatures at different humidity levels. One chapter is on different manufacturing techniques presently applied.

Literature study concentrates on the reliability in solid tantalum capacitors developed between 1961 and 1986.

Several failure mechanism with figure are illustrated to point out how higher reliability of solid tantalum capacitor may be developed.

The bibliography …

Ksc2408 Digital Filter Evaluation System For The Ecg, Chi-Tong Chung

Theses

A hardware implementation in digital filters by using the high speed and high precision KSC2408 digital filter chips, demonstrates the power of the KSC2408 and proves that the real time digital filters can be implemented without complex circuitry and without high expense.

The system consists of two parts - the digital filter board and the IBM PC; the former handles the data filtering, the latter handles the analog-to-digital data conversion and data display. The KSC2408 is programmed as a 16th order Butterworth digital filter to have flat response in the passband and good attenuation in the stopband.

Recruitment Of Engineers In A Small Company, Robert Cohen

Theses

With most recruitment techniques written for large companies, recruitment of engineers in a small company may be a large problem. A detailed analysis of the engineering employer and employee is constructed making note of large and small company differences. A survey was taken and the results are presented in support of the authors opinions. A generic recruitment technique is also presented, followed by modifications or other considerations to that technique. This should increase the available applicant pool and optimize quality levels of the engineering candidates for the small company.

Energy Analysis Of A Multistory Office Building Using Bin Method Computer Program, Mohammed Nasim Ghauri

Theses

The consumption of energy by an HVAC system in a high rise office building was investigated by comparing results obtained from ASEAM and Trakload (two microcomputer programs) with the manual calculations and DOE-2 (Department of Energy Program) results obtained by Tishman Research Corporation. The study was performed on the Public Service Building of Newark, New Jersey. It is a 26 story office building, designed to be energy efficient.

The results obtained show that, the energy consumed by the HVAC system is a substantial amount of the total energy used but the controlling factors are electrical lighting and equipment. Both of …

Reliability Evaluation Of Liquid Crystal Displays Under Accelerated Life Conditions, Rajkumar Krishnamoorthy

Theses

This Thesis shows method of comparing the reliability of Liquid Crystal Display Devices by means of accelerated life testing at elevated temperature and relative humidity for two different vendors.

The tests were carried out at three different combinations of temperature and humidity.

1. 77°±1° C and no added humidity.

2. 85°±1° C and no added humidity

3. 98°±1° C and 98+2% relative humidity.

Leakage current measurements were carried out after every 1000 hours for up to 5000 hours for vendor no.l. Measurements were carried at 0, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 5000 hours for vendor no.2. A DC bias of …

Image Analyzing Instrumentation System For The Activity Measurement Of Rats, Yun-Kang Li

Theses

A microcomputer based instrumentation system has been developed to measure the activity of rats in 12 metabolic chambers. The instrumentation system monitors the rats' behaviors and estimates their activity continuously in an automatic manner. The activity information of the rats are expressed by a quantitative index which describes the intensity of the activity level.

An Apple II microcomputer system is used to manage the activity measurement which consists of an image recording operation and an image analyzing operation. During the measurement, the microcomputer controls Optic RAM digital cameras to record the rats' image. The camera can take a digital picture …

Bond Behavior Of Reinforced Concrete Under Impact Loading, Abu Rayhan Md Muniruzzaman

Theses

This thesis covers experimental investigations of bond behavior of reinforced concrete specimen under impact loading. A computer assisted data acquisition system was selected for data acquisition and control. This entire electronic system involved mainly a multichannel digital oscilloscope and an IBM-AT micro computer. All specimens were tested by a modified instrumented Charpy tester assisted by the electronic system.

15 test specimen were prepared in order to perform the experimental investigations. Each 3x3x16 inch specimen was reinforced with a single deformed bar mainly 3/4" and 1/2" diameter and three catagories of concrete mainly plain, 1%, and 2% (by volume) steel fiber …

Just-In-Time In The United States : Culture And Competitive Manufacturing, Wolfram Pabst Von Ohain

Theses

Richard Schonberger, 'the' Guru of Just-in-Time' in the United States, wrote in the preface of his 1986 book World Class Manufacturing:

"...Japanese success is rot mature-based. Its basis is a quite different set of concepts, principles, policies, and techniques for managing and operating a manufacturing enterprise. All of it is easy to understand, not hand to accept (once known), eminently teachable and learnable, and not so difficult to apply.

If Just-in-Time is such 'a piece of cake' one would expect that most American companies would practice Just-in-Time. As commonly known, most American companies do not follow the philosophy of Just-in-Time. …

Optimization Of The Design Of The Harrington Distraction Rod And Hooks, Margaret Ann Pisani

Theses

The Harrington Distraction Rod is presently attached to the spines of patients who suffer from scoliosis and vertebral fractures. The rod's purpose is to apply a distractive force to the scoliotic curve in an attempt to reduce its severity. In fractures this rod is implanted to reduce the fracture and increase the stability of the spinal column. Harrington distraction rods are also inserted in order to give mechanical support to the spinal column.

Presently the Harrington Distraction Rod, manufactured by Zimmer, is one—quarter inch in diameter and made of 316L cold—worked stainless steel. The proximal end of the rod consists …

Finite Element Analysis Of The Temperature Field In The Course Of Laser Heating, Moududur Rahman

Theses

This study is aimed at the developement of a computational procedure for the prediction of temperature and the concentration fields in the course of surface processing by high energy beams. The finite element technique is used for the solution of two dimensional problem of heat conduction in a solid subjected to the laser radiation. The preprocessing, solution and the postprocessing were carried out by the use of ANSYS software package. The laser energy was simulated by heat generation at the shallow subsurface or by the temperature of the impingement zone. Equal square elements were used for computations. It was found …

Investigation Of The Size Of Gallium Clusters Formed Using A Modified Ion Cluster Beam Source With A Crucible Temperature Of 1250 Degrees C, Sujit M. Shah

Theses

Energy analysis of the ionized gallium clusters was done by retarding field method. The objective of this research was to investigate the possibility of gallium cluster formation during nozzle jet expansion and to estimate the probability of ionization of clusters. The measurements at a crucible temperature of 1250°C corresponding to gallium vapor pressure of 0.23 torr (inside the crucible) showed that no large cluster sizes could be obtained. The relationship between mass deposition rate (atoms/cm2-sec) and cluster size (atoms/cluster) showed that there were two distinct peaks. One with a cluster size of 1 atom/cluster and the other with about 13 …

Reliability Studies On Microcircuit, Salim Shehadeh

Theses

The primary objective of this thesis is to determine and analyze the failure mechanisms of Low Power Schottky microcircuit device (2-Input NAND Gate). Pinpoint the causes, and suggest the precautionary measures that prevent the occurrence of these failures. To achieve this goal, the study went in two directions, theoretical and experimental. The theoretical part is a comprehensive review of the work done on Low Power Schottky 2-Input NAND Gates since 1960 up to date.

The experimental part of the study is a life test ( 1000 hours ) of 2-Input NAND Gates under humidity and high temperature.

For each unit, …

Life Testing Of Solid Dielectric Materials, Muhammad Irfan Soomro

Theses

The main objective of this thesis was to find correlation between the electrical noise generated within the body of the solid dielectric material with the failure (puncture), under simultaneously applied thermal and electrical stresses.

The term 'Corona' is commonly used to describe any partial discharges occurring in voids (defects) in the material. Precisely corona is a flow of electrons and ions which occur in a void in air or other gasses. This event emits acoustic, optical and radio frequency energy, and can be detected by measuring any of these radiations. In the present thesis, Radio Interference Voltage (RIV) technique was …