Engineering Commons^™

Closed Loop Machining In Precise Turning, Ching-Song Wei

Theses

Closed loop machining (CLM) is one of the most reliable ways to automate tool setting, part positioning and measurement on CNC machine tool. It not only can assure the quality of the product but also can improve the productivity of the machine. This paper describes the CLM from basic turning concept to application of CLM, including the feature of Mark Century 2000T and the programming methods in precise turning.

The hardware and software requirements for CLM system were presented. The algorithm for CLM programs was developed completely with a series of flow charts. Then, on the base of two projects, …

Fault Location And Control Optimization Planner (Expert System Approach), Fenil Shah

Theses

FALCON is a rule based expert system designed to control a process being regulated by "intelligent" controllers which would at each time and stage execute a series of diagnostic or decision tests and only then initiate a control action identified by the process engineer. The current implementation includes fault identification, diagnostic and process settings in case of low efficiency and poor quality in the product. This research is a part of large research project in flexible manufacturing.

The system is intended to grow into a complete diagnostic master and take corrective actions with the help of the operational personnel.

FALCON …

Use Of Latex Modified Concrete For Repairs And Overlays, Chen-Hoang Lo

Theses

Latex modified concrete and polymer concrete have been widely used for bridge deck overlays and crack repairs for the past decade. In recent years, many of these repaired structures were found to be defective. The causes of these failures are not clearly confirmed. Some blame the quality of the latex products while manufacturers accuse the contractors of improper placement and/or surface preparation. While most of these failures largely appeared to be debonding and delamination of the overlays, excessive cracks, possibly shrinkage cracks, were also reported in the overlaid LMC.

To evaluate the suitability of using latex modified concrete for crack …

Digital Network Implementation By Xilinx Asic Technology, Maoling Shen

Theses

Using XACT(XILINX Advanced CAD Technology) to implement a digital network, which is used in an 8052AH-BASIC single board computer system as one of its interfaces called MIDVOX.

MIDVOX comprises of three major parts.

1. Voice Detector

2. Waveform Generator and Frequency Divider

3. Signal Processing and Storing Unit(PSU)

Digitized voice signals are inputed to the network as BEG. Their periods are then counted by a 12 bit binary counter. Finally they are stored into memories by means of a series of 12 bit binary numbers. The value of the number depends on the length of a period of that particular …

Calculation Of Heat Transfer At The Center Of A Round Plate, In Forced Convection Stagnation Flow, Ali Rohafza

Theses

The theoretical study presented here examines heat transfer at the center of a round plate, in forced convection stagnation flow.

Note that in the region of stagnation point, the flow is always laminar.

Important results presented include the variations of the similarity function f and its derivative f’ with the vertical coordinate; these results were found by using the power series method to solve the governing non-linear differential equation. In order to do that , certain things were assumed like, for example, as the point at which two solutions were spliced, η₀ =2.0, or assuming the solution at η …

Morphological Analysis Of Microvessels Using High Voltage Electron Microscopy (Hvem), Ibm Personal Computer And 3-D Reconstruction Software, Wieslaw Slawomir Krajewski

Theses

The mesenteric arterioles (outer diameter < 100 µ) from a normotensive and a hypertensive dog were perfused in situ, excised, post-fixed and embedded in Spurr medium block. Thick serial cross sections (0.5 µ) of the vessels were obtained from hand formed mesas and placed on Formvar coated slot grids.

The cross sections were subjected to High Voltage Electron Microscopy (HVEM) and five or more electronmicrographs were taken to cover the individual cross sections. The prints of electronmicrographs were linearly enlarged (3X) and made into photomontages of sections. The membrane contours in the montages were traced on transparent overlays, producing polygons which in turn were traced on GTCO digitizing pad. All polygons were labeled, color coded and stored in IBM PC's filing system. The vessels were reconstructed from up to 100 whole cross sections and subjected to cell compartmentalvolume analysis. The reconstructed images can be …

The Fast Fourier Transform In Assembly Languages Of Microprocessor 68000 And Microcontroller 8052, Hari Kumar Baldawa

Theses

In this report, the 256 point radix-2 FFT algorithm is written in assembly languages of microprocessor 68000( or 68008) and microcontroller 8052( or 8051). The data used can be upto 30 bits, of which the least significant 12 bits are assigned for fractional part.

The FFT code in assembly of 68000 is written for Sinclair's QL-100 personal computer with 68008 CPU. The SuperBASIC programs are used to access and test the performance of FFT code. The average time of execution falls between 0.3 to 0.4 seconds for 256 discrete points.

Again, same FFT algorithm is written in assembly language of …

Multichannel Priority Interrupt System, Claudio Bernal

Theses

There is in our current industrial milieu an increasing demand for systems capable of detecting and processing a large number of analog signals for the computer.

The present work offers an approach for a multichannel real time acquisition system which will find a wide variety of applications in machine automation, process control, musical instruments, remote sensing, etc.

The system presented in this thesis follows traditional instrumentation architecture and implements that architecture around the latest microcontroller, the 8052. The system, capable of assigning a processing priority to a large number of incoming events, is demostrated for 40 channels. It is fast …

Reliability Of Existing Bridge Inspection And Evaluation Procedures, Leroy R. Klouser

Theses

In general, bridge inspection is subjective since visual observation and the basic inspection tools cannot reveal hidden structural deterioration, such as corrosive and delaminated rebars embedded in the concrete. Based on the NJDOT SI&A report, a scale (9 to 0) is used in rating five bridge components. This approach seems reasonable, since the time span, manpower and cost are limited throughout the counties of New Jersey. On the other hand, based on the scaling system, the SI&A reports can vary depending upon the exposed surface appearance and the experience of the bridge inspector.

Water, de-icing agents, freezing and thawing cycles …

Engraving By Cnc Milling Machine, Ram Tatiparti Reddy

Theses

A detailed study of NC, CNC and Engraving is presented. Engraving of letters of different sizes is done using the present technology in a CNC milling machine. This thesis also contains the design of a communication interface between Mark Century One Plus controller and different peripherals. Software for Engraving and Communication between the controller and a PC is developed. The generated NC code from software is simulated on the controller and the product is cut.

Adsorption Of Nickel And Lead With Activated Sludge, Chi-Yun Chen

Theses

Wastewater produced in domestic, commercial, and industrial activities often contains significant amounts of metals. This would result in the discharge of heavy metals into the sewer system. Some of the heavy metals can be adsorbed by activated sludge. This may present a problem for the treatment and ultimate disposal of sludge.

The purpose of the research was to determine how much metals can be adsorbed by sludge. Nickel and Lead were selected for this investigation because of their environmental significance. Both belong to priority pollutants considered potentially toxic. Factors affecting the adsorption, such as sludge concentration, metal concentration, mixing condition, …

Development Of A Low Cost Pc Based Robot Vision System, Raghunandan Jadhav

Theses

There has been a continued. interest in utilizing machine vision systems for robot guidance applications. Commercial vision systems can be programmed to give information about the parts in the robot work area and this information can be used by the robot computer to guide the robot. In most applications, however, the vision information cannot be easily integrated with the robot control language. This thesis considers implementation of part identification routines directly into a robot guidance language. This makes all the complicated machine vision algorithms transparent to the user and allows him to treat higher level vision functions as an extension …

8085 In-Circuit Emulator For Ibm Personal Computer, Joong Bin Lee

Theses

As microprocessor-based systems become gradually larger, the developers need good tools for debugging the hardware and software. The emulators for the IBM Personal Computer using an RS-232 serial port are available in the market. But it takes quite a long time to download the user file to the memory of the emulator or the target system. This emulator is an add-on card dedicated for IBM Personal Computers. The emulator communicates with the IBM Personal Computer through the I/O channels on the mother board instead of the serial port, so its speed is much faster than that of the serial port. …

Optimal Design Aspects Of A Unit Treating Hazardous Wastes Via Biodegradation : A Theoretical Approach, Farnaz Saghafi

Theses

The treatment of wastes via biodegradation is a widely utilized technique in most industries today. The kinetics of biodegradation, in most cases, follow either the Monod (non-inhibitory) or Andrews (also known as Haldane, inhibitory) model as indicated by published experimental data. The present study investigates aspects of the optimal design of a unit treating wastes when the biodegradation kinetics are those mentioned above. The criterion of optimality is the minimum volume achieving a desired conversion under given load conditions.

Two alternatives from the point of view of the number of vessels (one and two), and three alternatives from the operational …

Liquid Crystal Display And Thermal Printer For A Single Board Computer, Shenq Jyi Wang

Theses

This thesis deals with the installation of a LTP451 printer mechanism (LTP) and a Dot Matrix Liquid Crystal Display module (LCD) in a SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER (SBC). The communicative method between SBC and LTP is serial, but that between LCD and SBC is parallel.

The Evaluation Of The Ti-Speech System On Pc Computer, Ying Wu

Theses

A PC-TI-SPEECH system has been set up by the author of this thesis on the IBM PC/AT compatible computer. The basic functions of the system are as follows: data acquisition, internal signal synthesization, signal processing and speech recognition. The system is built up by a PC, TI-Speech Hardware kit, MADCAP software package,TI-Speech Tool kit. This thesis covers the setup, evaluation and operations of the complete PC-TI-SPEECH system, development of the system for further applications, and operations of running some evaluation programs generated by doing this thesis.

Hydrodechlorination Reactions Of Trichloroethylene And 1,1 1, Trichloroethane Over Alumina Supported Palladium Catalysts, And, Trichloroethylene Over Nickel Catalyst, Atul R. Shah

Theses

The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the viability for conversion of chlorocarbon wastes solvents into useful hydrocarbons and HCl by catalytic reduction. The second objective was to investigate the pathways for these hydrodechlorination reactions over the chosen alumina supported Palladium and nickel catalysts as well as determine selectivities, product distribution, and deactivation mechanism.

Reactions of trichloroethylene with hydrogen over alumina supported palladium catalyst was studied in temperature range 40°C to 57°C at one atmosphere total pressure. The major products observed were ethane and (cis) 1,2 dichloroethylene with trace products chloroethylene, chloroethane and (trans) 1,2 dichloroethylene. At the …

A Modified Extended Kalman Filter As A Parameter Estimator For Linear Discrete-Time Systems, Bruno Johannes Schnekenburger

Theses

This thesis presents the derivation and implementation of a modified Extended Kalman Filter used for Joint state and parameter estimation of linear discrete-time systems operating in a, stochastic Gaussian environment. A novel derivation for the discrete-time Extended Kalman Filter is also presented. In order to eliminate the main deficiencies of the Extended Kalman Filter, which are divergence and biasedness of its estimates, the filter algorithm has been modified. The primary modifications are due to Ljung, who stated global convergence properties for the modified Extended Kalman Filter, when used as a parameter estimator for linear systems.

Implementation of this filter is …

Approximate Methods For Analysis And Design Of Channel And Tee Shaped Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Axial Compression And Biaxial Bending, Chayan Bhattacharyya

Theses

Combined Bending and Axial Compression for irregular shaped (such as L-shaped, Channel shaped, T-shaped) reinforced concrete short column is a common design problem. Current code provisions and the available design aids do not offer an insight into the determination of strength and ductility of biaxially loaded reinforced concrete columns. The reason is that the information on the behavior of irregular shaped reinforced concrete members under combined biaxial bending and axial load is not well known. They are usually overdesigned and this may cause the structure to be stiffer, which may result in loss ductility when applied to seismic regions. Thus …

Microprocessor Controller For A Multi-Targets System, Shoeineng Lin

Theses

This thesis presents a microprocessor controller for a multi-targets system, which is designed by a direct digital control in the modern computer-aided manufacture system. It is made up of digital control theory, computer hardware configuration and software algorithm. An example is illustrated by IBM PC/XT computer. In this example, the control laws of three simple targets are developed and implemented by C-language. Simultaneously, the computer self-test routines, such as CPU, ROM etc, are developed by intel-8088 assembly language.

Interfacing Of The Digital Spyghnomanometer [Sic] Ds-165 To The Intel 8052ah Basic Based Single Board Computer, Rakesh P. Patel

Theses

The aim of this thesis is to collect the measured data from the blood pressure measurement unit to the single board computer and to store the data for the analysis purposes.

Application Of Computer Techniques In Groundwater Contamination Studies, Komratchi Raman

Theses

A study has been undertaken to provide insight into two related aspects of groundwater contamination studies - contaminant transport behavior and its analysis by modeling techniques. The study reviews recent research that explains some of the uncertainties in the transport and fate of chemical contaminants in groundwater. Approaches to modeling techniques and data reduction are developed to illustrate their usefulness in analysing existing groundwater data, and to make predictions on the future water chemical characteristics. Three types of study areas have been chosen for this purpose, each representing a different type of groundwater contamination problem. The first study area has …

Robotization For Assembling Small Parts, Frank J. Valese

Theses

The thrust of this paper is directed toward establishing a roboticized small parts assembly line where none currently exist. Technical and pragmatic requisites were established and reviewed prior to installing the proposed robotic workcell. Although the specific model chosen for discussion is the locksmithing industry, the procedures followed, the design tools utilized, and the methods of job-costing employed apply equally to other small parts industries.

Basic industrywide considerations reviewed for each robotization effort included:

1. Choosing the proper application for robotization
2. Obtaining management support and labor input to insure the success of the project
3. Deciding on the economic and production goals …

Separation And Characterization Of Biologically Significant Chemical Classes In Airborne Particulate Organic Matter : Measurement Of Selected Chemical Classes In Freshly Collected Air Samples, Xueying Sun

Theses

Since hazardous materials present in airborne pollutants can affect human health and environmental quality and most of the specific compounds remain uncharacterized, a study was conducted to characterize airborne particulate extractable organic matter (EOM) with respect to chemical composition. Specifically, a number of chemical classes including N-heterocycles, phenols, quinones, carboxylic acids, and especially N-nitrosamines were tested using an integrated chemical class screening system.

The inhalable particulate matter was collected, using a high volume 10 um inlet sampler, on the roof of Tiernan Hall, New Jersey Institute of Technology, which is located off Warren Street in Newark. Sequential solvent extractions yielded …

Transient Analysis Of Macromolecular Blood-Tissue Exchange In Microvascular Bed, Alex Yefim Bekker

Dissertations

Movement of macromolecules across microvascular walls was studied in the hamster cheek pouch with intravital fluorescence microscopy. A graded series of Fluorescein Isothiocyanate labeled Dextrans(FITC) of 20,000 -70,000 molecular weight were used as representative macromolecular tracers. The time dependent extravasation of FITC-Dextrans was video taped for approximately two and a half hours. Permeation of macromolecules from individual microvessels was quantified by digital video image processing. Histograms of the light intensity distributions for selected fields at various times have been measured and used to construct integral optical density - time profiles of the extravasated fluorochromes for particular leaky sites. An integrated …

Testing Of Ultrasonic Bonding In Microcircuits, Ioannis Andrea Phiniotis

Theses

A model for the ultrasonic bond as used in making microcircuit interconnections was studied. This model was based on Bowden & Tabor's dry friction theory and Mindlin's analysis of Hertz's model for elastic deformation under compressive and shear stresses. To develop a well-controlled bonding system, the critical bonding machine parameters were determined, and a high-frequency capacitor microphone was fitted to the bonding machine to monitor the tool tip oscillation. Application of these techniques made it possible to control the parameters of the machine to ±5%. Flip-chip bond studies were made using this machine. The data obtained were consistent with the …

Reactions Of Atomic Hydrogen With Dichloromethane In A Flow System, Shun-Hsien Huang

Theses

The reaction kinetics of atomic hydrogen with dichloromethane were studied in a tubular flow reactor with 2.6 cm I.D. Pyrex tube at pressure of 2.1 to 2.7 torr absolute and room temperature . Hydrogen atoms were generated by a microwave discharge plasma. Atomic hydrogen concentration were measured by chemiluminescence titration with nitrogen dioxide. The concentrations of hydrogen atom ranged from 2.0 * 10¹⁴ to 5.0 * 10¹⁵ atoms per cm³. Chlorocarbon reagent and products were monitored by online gas chromatography (FID).

Major products observed were hydrogen chloride and methane. The conversion of dichloromethane increases first to …

Development Of An Off-Line Robot Programming System For Computer Control Of Ge P50 Robot, Subhas Vitthal Shetty

Theses

The General Electric P50 Robot has Teach Pendent Programming facilities. It is provided with a Computer Linkage - a communication control unit, but is not eguipped with any software which uses this linkage to communicate data between the computer and the P50.

A study was made of many Robot Programming systems existing today. The facilities a programming language should have was noted, and a Robot-Level Programming System was developed, which remote controls the P50 robot.

The program is written in TurboPascal and is developed on IBM PC/AT for communication between the P50 and an IBM PC Compatible Personal Computer. The …

A Theoretical Investigation Of The Possibility Of Coexistence Of Three Microbial Populations Competing Purely And Simply In Configurations Of Three Interconnected Chemostats, Shiuan-Wu Chang

Theses

It is known from the literature that out of any number of microbial populations competing purely and simply in an environment which is homogeneous and has time invariant inputs (e.g. in an ideal chemostat) only one population can survive in a steady state under any conditions. However it has been proven possible for two competitors to coexist in two interconnected chemostats, which indicates that spatial heterogeneities may lead to coexistence of pure and simple competitors. The present study investigates whether the spatial heterogeneities created by three interconnected bioreactors may lead to a mixed culture (i.e. coexistence) of three pure and …

Approaches To The Synthesis Of Dentin Bonding Agents Containing Vinyl And Carbamate Functional Groups, Steven W. Amato

Theses

The synthesis of four new monomers containing vinyl and carbamate functional groups was attempted. The desired products were N-m-methacryloxyphenyl-O-phenyl carbamate, N-p-methacryloxy-O-phenyl carbamate, m-N-phenylcarbamato-2-methacryloxyethoxy benzoate, and p-N-phenylcarbamato-2-methacryloxyethoxy benzoate. The carbamate functional group was derived by the Lewis Acid catalyzed reaction of meta-aminophenol, para-aminophenol, meta-aminobenzoic acid, and para-aminobenzoic acid with diphenyl carbonate. The vinyl function was derived, in the case of the aminophenols, by reaction with methacrylyl chloride, and in the case of the aminobenzoic acids, with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate.

Partial products only were prepared, these being the two carbamate functional phenols, the two carbamate functional benzoic acids, the two methacryloxy functional derivatives …