Engineering Commons^™

Selection Of Master Degrees Of Freedom In Model Reduction Techniques, Yixing Qi

Theses

Based on the model reduction technique called SEREP (System Equivalent Reduction Expansion Process), systematic ways to select the master degrees of freedom (the degrees of freedom kept in the reduced model) are developed and their usefulness is demonstrated by the examples. The following two criteria are ' developed for two specific objectives.

When we need to identify the response of the full model from the response of the reduced model (usually obtained from the experiments,) we hope to reduce the estimation error between the estimated response and the actual one. We also hope to keep the points which will have …

Single Token Integrated Dama In Multiple Bus Local Networks, Srinivasan Ramadurai

Theses

Multiple-bus local Networks (MBLNs) provide an architecturally simple solutions to serve high-reliability-high capacity local area networks(LAN) applications. Access mechanisms for MBLNs possessing stability and favorable delay characteristics are developed in this thesis. A new technique is proposed that uses a single explicit token to achieve demand assignment multiple access (DAMA) to arbitrate access on all the buses in the system. Analytical model was developed and compared to simulation results that indicates performance improvement in terms of delay characteristics of the system of buses.

Temperature Dependent Current-Voltage Characteristics Of Tisi2/N+/P Silicon Shallow Junctions, Bhupendra M. Shah

Theses

Analyses of temperature dependent current-voltage characteristics, of titanium silicide films on n+/p silicon shallow junctions, has been presented here. The fabrication technique involves the formation of shallow pn junctions, by ion-implantation of As+ through titanium films evaporated on P type silicon. The improvement of the activation of dopants has been fulfilled by different annealing processes in conjunction with the dopant drive-in. Electrical measurement of temperature dependent current-voltage technique has been employed to characterize these devices. The temperature dependent factors such as energy bandgap narrowing, majority carrier degeneracy, diffusivities, mobilities and minority carrier life time are evaluated by using key approximations.

Application Specific Integrated Circuits For Single Board Computer, Ximing Shi

Theses

A single board computer is the central part of many microprocessor-based instruments. The implementation of the logic portion of a single board computer using Xilinx Logic Cell Array makes the computer system more powerful. Xilinx Logic Cell Array is a new kind of Programmable Gate Array in application specific integrated circuit with high design flexibility and functional density. The XACT Development System provides schematic capture and auto place-and-route for design entry.

In this thesis, a Xilinx Logic Cell Array was developed and implemented in the 8052AH-Basic based Single Board Computer design. Also, the logic and timing verification and simulation of …

Delay Improvement And Reliability Enhancement In A Cim-Based Factory Network, Vimalkumar Upadhya

Theses

Today, Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) refers to the integration of computer-controlled factory floor devices with engineering design and plant management computers. In general, there is a need for more efficient factory networks than are currently available. To this end, it is essential to investigate new network architectures and study their performance.

A number of CIM networks are analyzed in this thesis, and a new CIM network architecture is proposed. The throughput and delay characteristics of all these network architectures are derived from their respective simulation models. The results indicate that the proposed CIM network architecture has superior performance characteristics, compared to …

Cad/Cam : An Analysis And Application To An Industrial Environment, Kulendu Vyas

Theses

This work is intended to explore details of CAD/CAM techniques and to check its application in medium size industry. To achieve this goal, a thorough study has been carried out on current CAD/CAM techniques, keeping in mind it's requirements, source and application, considering both the hardware and software side of it. To check application of CAD/CAM in an industrial environment, Schering Plough corporation was chosen as a subject. The main theme behind this application to the Schering Corp. was to develop the CAD/CAM capability within company, in order to gain better control over the quality and productivity, and to reduce …

Computer-Aided Planning For Automatic Assembly Of Printed Circuit Boards, Qin Xiang

Theses

A study of printed circuit board assembly in the context of process planning and optimization of assembly motion is presented. A knowledge-based system is developed utilizing software packages VP-Expert, dBase 3 for the Universal automatic assembly machines. The planning of time-optimal assembly motion falls into the travelling salesman problem whose solution is obtained using a composite algorithm. Branch-and-bound algorithm is also discussed for solving the travelling salesman problem.

Optical Isolation Of Single Board Computer For Use In High Electrical Noise Environments, Meng Xiao

Theses

This thesis describes various electrical noises, noise environments and noise effects for electronic logic circuitry. The optical isolator is introduced and its concept, classification and characteristics are discussed.

Various design considerations are reviewed: input forward current, reverse breakdown protection, threshold, current transfer ratio, isolation voltage, data rate, common mode rejection, CMOS compatibility, isolation resistance, isolation capacitance, temperature effect and cost.

A multi-channel optical isolated input/output interface board for 8052AH BASIC SBC is designed. It includes 16 input channels, 16 output channels, decoder circuit, latching circuit, PC895 interface and input protection circuit. The sample board has been built, tested in the …

Design And Processing Of Micromechanical Sensor Devices, Zhixiong Joe Zhou

Theses

A multi-purpose cantilever beam and microbridge accelerometer structure has been designed and fabricated in this work. This same structure with modification can be employed as a capacitive accelerometer, mechanical resonance accelerometer, and a piezoresist accelerometer. Surface microengineering processing techniques have been developed in this work. The cavity structure significantly reduced the parasitic capacitance. This work reports the first instance of spin-on glass for rnicromechanical device applications as both a sacrifical layer and a planarization material for the cavity. Other results of this thesis including:

1. LPCVD low temperature oxide as the base material from which the cavity is etched;

2. …

Teaching Mechanical Design Using The Axiomatic Approach, Lisa E. Hailey

Theses

Many authors on the subject of design state that it cannot be taught, it must be learned through experience. This thesis offers a method in which design can be taught to senior mechanical engineering students. The axiomatic approach to design, authored by Dr. Nam P. Suh of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, states that all good designs follow two axioms, the independence axiom and the information axiom. By teaching students to use these axioms, and the corollaries and theorems derived from the axioms, educators can teach students the basic concepts of good design.

To show how this approach can be …

Investigation Of Material Erosion By Abrasive Water Jet Cutting, Fang Hu

Theses

This study is concerned with the investigation of material erosion phenomena occurring in the abrasive waterjet (AWJ) cutting process.

A series of scratches were generated by the abrasive waterjet on the polished surface of aluminum samples. The tests were carried out at different traverse speeds, abrasive flow rates, diameters of sapphire nozzles, diameters of carbide tubes and initial abrasive particle sizes. Material volume loss in the erosion zone was measured directly or calculated by the use of the suggested mathematical models. An analysis of experimental results enabled us to introduce a new process criterion, particle distribution density, which determines the …

Simulation Of Random Packing Of Hard Spheres Using Monte Carlo Method, Sung-Ho Park

Theses

A computer based method of generating a random packing of hard spheres is described. Using a Monte Carlo method as employed in the field of Computational Statistical Physics, packing of hard spheres are generated and analyzed.

The mean packing fractions for the present assemblies of 1000 spheres are 0.555±0.015 after pouring and 0.582±0.018 after 10 cycles of shaking. These values are approximately 5 to 6 per cent lower than the experimental results of G.D. Scott[30], but similar with the result of Visscher & Bolsterli [17].

The mean coordination numbers are 5.97 and 6.33 for the pouring and shaking case, respectively. …

Mathematical Modeling And Computer Simulations Of Biodenitrification In Batch And Sequencing Batch Reactors, Sugata Sanyal

Theses

Mathematical models have been derived for describing biodegradation of ni¬trate and nitrite in an anaerobic environment. Monod model for nitrate and Andrews model for nitrite were used as kinetic models. Experimental data from literature suggest that nitrate is not an inhibitory substance, while nitrite is not only inhibitory but it may also have a toxic effect on the biomass. The models were brought in dimensionless form in order to reduce the number of parame¬ters. Biodegradation was mathematically described for a batch, and a sequencing batch mode of operation. Computer programs were developed for numerically simulating the process. Some of the …

A Stereo Vision Technique Based On The Multi-Positioned Camera Criterion, Jie Bao

Theses

A modified feature based stereo vision [sic] technique is described in this thesis. The technique uses the curve-segments as the feature primitives in the matching process. The local characteristics of the curve-segments are extracted by the, Generalized Hough Transform.

A set of images of a scene, which are taken by a multi-positioned camera satisfying the parallelism criterion, are first filtered by the Laplacian of a Gaussian operator in different widths, i.e. coarse to fine channels. At each channel, the Generalized Hough Transform is applied to the curve-segments in each image. The curve position, the curve-length, the curve centroid, the average …

Token Bus Lan Performance : Modeling And Simulation, Ramesh Kurnool

Theses

A simulation model based on CSIM, a process oriented simulated language, to analyze the performance of the Token Bus protocol is developed. Performance measures such as throughput, average delay and maximum delay per packet are presented. System performance is analyzed for different loads, number of stations, network lengths, different physical and logical distribution of the stations with packet length as a parameter. Previous studies were based on the delay-throughput analysis with no discussion on the effect of variation of the logical and physical distribution of the stations on the performance of the model which is done in the present thesis. …

Performance Evaluation And Comparison Of Ordinary, Adaptive And Exhaustive Service In The Token Ring Network, Darshakkumar J. Patel

Theses

In the token ring network different types of services gives different delay characteristics. Results to date have shown that in asymmetric traffic, exhaustive service gives more delay to lightly loaded stations where ordinary service wastes time in circulating the token after each transmission. In general, there is a need for more efficient service, which is compromised between ordinary and exhaustive service.

Ordinary and exhaustive service are analyzed in this thesis, and a new service, adaptive service, is proposed. By using timer and counter, adaptive service dynamically changes token holding time at the station. Different types of delay characteristics are derived …

Multiprocessor System Design Tutor : Expert System Approach, Rakesh Kamdar

Theses

To increase computational bandwidth and system resilience, integration of several microprocessors in a single system becomes necessary. The overall throughput and efficiency of such a system is directly dependent on the hardware and software interconnection supported by the basic microprocessor chip. Sometimes it becomes difficult to put together all the information for design criteria and all the design related formulas.

The approach made here is to continuously update the hardware and software information in the database related to a given microprocessor. This information can be accessed at any time for efficient design solution. Intel 80386 and Motorola 68020 microprocessors are …

Eeg Mapping Using The Personal Computer, Zhuan-Zhang Pei

Theses

An approach for brain electrical activity mapping using a personal computer has been investigated to enhance the visibility of the EECs. An automatic procedure from data acquisition to the final mapping has been developed for on-line or off-line data processing, in which a table-look-up technique has been introduced to eliminate redundant processing. The power spectra in different EEC frequency bands for four electrodes are coded into 15 colors and mapped on a color monitor. The data correspondings to the areas between electrodes are interpolated by the surface spline method. The mapping speed and smoothness has been optimized. An experiment has …

A Study Of The Effects Of Weighting Matrices In Power System State Estimation, Yanshi Wang

Theses

The effects of weighting matrices that may be used in the Weighted Least Squares (WLS) method when applied to the problem of Power System State Estimation (PSSE) are studied. These weighting matrices include the one usually used in the literature and the one used in the utility PSSE programs

The performances of these weighting matrices are compared using the Monte Carlo simulation technique.

To test the performances of the weighting matrices, a PSSE program is developed, different performance indices for state comparison are defined, and many cases are studied.

Results show that the weighting matrix usually used in literature, 1/σ², …

Mathematical Modeling And Simulation Of The Progression Of Aids, Anju H. Nagpal

Theses

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a pernicious disease acknowledged as a world health problem. One of the major issues in the study of AIDS is understanding the manifestation and the progression of the disease following the transmission of HIV. Unfortunately, the present state of biological knowledge does not yet give us a reliable means of evaluating these phenomena. A simulation approach is, therefore, extremely useful in predicting the various phases of the deteriorating physiological status of the patient. In the present study we have focused on the development of a mathematical model of the …

Design Of A Real Time Optical Sensor For Continuous Blood Cell Separation, Girish S. Yerande

Theses

For continuous measurement and display of oxygen saturation and RBC content in blood during cell separation a reflection type optical sensor is designed based on the theoretical model using the photon diffusion theory. The prototype sensor consists of two arrays of light emitting diodes, red and infrared, and photodiodes. The emission wavelength of LEDs are 660 nm and 800 nm. The 800 rim which is in the infrared region is very close to isobestic value for blood. The prototype sensor is mounted on the blood cell separator equipped with an antitwister mechanism. Each LED emits a specific wavelength of light …

Biodegradation Of Phenol By Two Competing Microbial Species In A Sequencing Batch Reactor, Yoo-Suk Ko

Theses

Biodegradation of a single pollutant by two competing microbial species has been mathematically described for the case where a sequencing batch reactor is used. The model has been solved numerically to predict the behavior of the reactor under different operating conditions and for different kinetic expressions for biodegradation.

Experiments were performed to verify the predictions of the model. Serratia marcescens (ATCC 17991) and Pseudomonas putida (ATCC 31800) were the species used. Experiments were first performed in order to reveal the kinetics of biodegradation for each individual species. The biodegradable substance used was phenol, which was the sole carbon source in …

A Comparison Of Integrated And Differential Estimates Of Flourescent Intensity Profiles Using Digital Video Image Analysis, Langfang Wu

Theses

The dynamics of macromolecular transport across microvascular walls in the hamster cheek pouch have previously been studied by other investigators using fluorescence intravital microscopy. Fluorescein Isothiocyanate labeled Dextrans (FITC-Dx) of 20,000, and 70,000 molecular weight (FITC-Dx-20 and FITC- Dx-70) were used as macromolecular probes. Values of fluorescent intensity were previously recorded on videotape as a function of distance perpendicular to leaking vessels over a period of about 2.5 hr to allow for tracer equilibration in the interstitial space. In this study, these videotapes were played back frame-by-frame and 215x130-pixel windows around each leaking vessel were selected for further analysis of …

Multiphase Solid-Liquid-Liquid Mixing In Stirred Tanks, George R. Deritter

Theses

A large number of investigations can be found in the literature which examine the effect of mixing parameters in both solid-liquid and liquid-liquid systems. However, very little is currently available for solid-liquid-liquid systems. It is the intent of this study to look at the various parameters affecting the point of complete dispersion for a liquid and the point of complete suspension for a solid phase, in a three phase liquid-liquid-solid system.

Interconnection Of X.25 Networks, Syed Ayaz Qutubuddin Ahmed

Theses

The purpose of this work was to investigate the performance of two interconnected X.25 networks via CCITT internet protocol X.75. Since internet protocol X.75 follow the same flow approach as X.25, we are allowed to model the acknowledgement queue in such a way that this queue provides a feed back path from destination to the source queue. Thus we are able to model our interconnected network as a closed queueing network with limited number of packets in transit within the network. Mean Value Analysis with Blocking (MVA) algorithm was applied to obtain the performance characteristics as the resources available were …

An Implementation Of Mht Algorithm For Adaptive Transform Coding Of Speech, Peter Battenschlag

Theses

The Modified Hermite Transform (MHT), a suboptimum block transform scheme, is implemented on a TMS320C25 signal processing system with the objective of reducing the redundancy in speech signals and transmit a quantized vector representation at bitrates as less as 0.5 bits per sample.

The generation of the Hermite polynomials with a binomial and several first order IIR filter structures is presented focusing on the fact that no muliplications are required which simplifies the MHT algorithm considerably.

An assembler program performs forward and inverse transformation together with a vector quantization using adaptive bitallocation based on short-time statistics for the transform coefficients. …

A Code Verification System For Ink Jet Printing, Daniel Liang Hsu

Theses

This paper describes system integration of a code verification system. The system utilizes a feature matching

Cryogenic Characterization Of Potential High Temperature Superconducter Substrates At Microwave Frequencies, Sukhmani Kaur

Theses

The lack of characterization data for dielectric substrate materials at microwave frequencies and cryogenic temperatures hinders the development of high T_c superconducting circuits. Low loss (tanδ < 10^-4) substrates with dielectric constants in the range of 5-100 at cryogenic temperatures are needed to realize the advantages of superconductor circuits. Measurement techniques previously reported are either time consuming or inaccurate. We report an adaptation of Courtney's method for accurate, simple evaluation of complex dielectric constants (10 < ε_r < 100) at low temperatures. The fixture was calibrated using known properties of polycrystalline ZrSnTiO4. We measured er and tans on three potential substrate materials, Al₂O₃, MgO, and LaAlO₃ at 5-10 GHz in the temperature range 77-300K. No temperature hysteresis in either ε_{r …}

Design Of Spatial Linkages For Dwell Function Generation, Donald F. Kelly

Theses

Certain single-loop spatial linkages containing spherical pairs may be used as dwell function generators. Analysis and design of these linkages, however, may be too complex for the practicing engineer.

In this study a method is presented, where the set of link lengths representing a linkage are determined from a smaller set of design parameters. Graphical relationships are also found between the design parameters and functional requirements for dwell, such as output function amplitude and dwell range. These graphs may be used as design charts, and design becomes the calculation of link lengths from design parameters chosen to satisfy the functional …

Optimum Power System Planning, Youn Tae Kyong

Theses

This thesis presents analysis method of optimum power system planning. The Gauss-Seidel iteration method is used to calculate load flow data of power system. The real and reactive powers, voltage magnitude and phase angle at each bus were obtained using Gauss-Seidel iteration method for a given IEEE sample power system. The load flow calculations were repeated under 60 percentage, 70 percentage, 80 percentage, 90 percentage, 100 percentage loading condition.

The transformation of reference frames were performed to simplify given IEEE sample power system identification. The transformation of reference frame transforms real and reactive voltage, current and impedance variables(reference frame 1) …