Engineering Commons^™

A Case Study On Petri Net Modeling, Animation, And Simulation, Suresh C. Gurala

Theses

Petri nets as a graphical tool has developed over the last decade into a suitable model for representing, modeling, designing, analyzing and studying concurrent systems. In this thesis, Petri nets are applied for analyzing, modeling and simulation of a flexible assembly station. An existing AT&T FWS200 flexible assembly workstation for printed circuit board is modeled using Petri nets without the consideration of insertion failures and other abnormalities in the system. The Petri net model is then simulated using Graphics simulation language (GSL).

Fast Arithmetic Operations On The Hypercube Using Conditional Sum Addition And Modified Booth's Algorithm, Umar Bin Iftikhar

Theses

Algorithms for fast arithmetic operations (i.e., addition and multiplication) on the hypercube computer are presented. The hypercube network of dimension d interconnects N = 2^d processors in such a way that each processor is directly connected to d neighboring processors; m order to communicate between processors, the maximum length of the path is d. The addition algorithm is based on the conditional sum technique. The computational time using this algorithm is O(log₂ N+q) where q is the number of the bits per processor in the hypercube of N processors. Operands of size N*q are distributed among the hypercube …

Stability And Durability Of Large Aggregate Asphalt Concrete, Rais A. Khan

Theses

There are many factors which affect the properties of asphalt concrete and one of these is a maximum aggregate size used in the mix. In this study of the effect of maximum aggregate size on Marshall stability, flow and durability of asphalt aggregate mixtures is investigated.

Two different mixes having gradations with maximum aggregate sizes of 3/4 and 1-1/2 inches were considered. The optimum asphalt content for mix having 3/4 inch maximum aggregate size, was determined by the standard Marshall procedure. The optimum asphalt content for the mix having 1-1/2 inch maximum aggregate size, was estimated based on thickness of …

Three Dimensional Visualisation Of Tmj Anatomy Using Mri Techniques, Mythreyi T. Krishnaswamy

Theses

The best assessment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) can only be done by the scanning the jaw and getting an image without invivo analysis which causes patient discomfort. There have been innumerable efforts to get the best view using CT techniques for three dimensional visualisation. But very few have done work using MRI techniques.

The TMJ is an integral part of the jaw and helps in mastication and biting. Since the joint is a hinge sliding articulation any dislocation causes immense pain and discomfort.

To get a better assessment of the TMJ, MRI techniques have been used for data acquisition. The …

Computer Aided Design Of A Broadband Microwave Power Divider, Jaideep Mukherjee

Theses

The purpose of this thesis to provide alternative design procedure for a power divider that has broadband characteristics. The Wilkinson power divider consisting of cascaded quarter wave sections is known to increase the bandwidth while maintaining high isolation and good match conditions at individual ports. Resistors placed between the quarter wave sections served to increase isolation. The values of required components were determined using odd and even mode analysis. In this work, the approximate theory developed previously is used as a preliminary design model, and it is extended further by considering optimization techniques and coupling between adjacent arms. This novel …

Handling Of Glass Mat Thermoplastic From Manufacturing Station To Heating Station To Molding Machine, Ramulu Srinivas Neela

Theses

GMT composite sheets are a family of continuous glass fiber roving impregnated with thermoplastic resin with parts formed by compression molding. Significance of GMT sheets comes by its cost-effective performance sufficient to penetrate automotive, industrial, construction, and other markets not willing to pay for higher cost, fiber-reinforced composite systems. GMTs in comparison to traditional sheet metals and sheet molding compounds (SMCs) are lighter, corrosion resistant, require no special storage, exhibit faster cycle times, require no chemical reaction, produce less scrap, possess recycling benefits, are ready for painting, and exhibit maximum opportunities for parts consolidation due to exceptional strength, formability, lower …

Study Of A Non-Contact Gaging System Of Inspection, Gordhanbhai Ketan Patel

Theses

The quality control function has traditionally been performed using manual inspection methods and statistical sampling procedures. Manual inspection is generally a time - consuming procedure which involves precise, yet monotonous work. It often requires that parts be removed from the vicinity of the production machines to a separate inspection area. This causes delays and often constitutes a bottleneck in the manufacturing schedule.

As a solution to the above problem a Non - Contact Gaging System developed by Optical Gaging Products, Inc., has been used here to study the feasibility of using an automated inspection system and a procedure of developing …

Realization Of High-Speed Carry Propagation For Addition And Multiplication Using The Redundant Binary System On The Mesh And Hypercube Connected Structures, Anil Rana

Theses

The extensive development of large-scale digital computers has naturally been accompanied by a corresponding development of techniques for fast arithmetic operations. Addition is the basis for the majority of the other arithmetic operations and most of the required time is due to carry propagation delay. Various algorithms have been proposed for fast addition and multiplication. The algorithms proposed here use the redundant binary system and are designed for the mesh structure. The algorithms are very efficient for the addition and multiplication of long operands. The algorithms can also be implemented on the hypercube. The n-dimensional hypercube is a highly concurrent …

Strength And Fragility Of Concrete, Kang-Qun Shao

Theses

It is known that both strength and fragility are two of the most important properties in concrete. In this research, theories of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry of Surfaces, Thermodynamics and Fracture Mechanics are used to study the relationships between the macromechanical behavior of concrete and the microstructure in concrete. The objectives of this research are therefore to find some effective ways to explain theoretically why the concrete is so brittle (fragile) and how to increase its strength or to decrease its fragility. Based on the present studies, an equation is formulated to calculate the coefficient of the fragility (or brittleness) of …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Silicon Nitride Film Deposited By Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition From Ditertiary-Butyl Silane, Kei-Turng Shih

Theses

Ditertiary-butyl silane (DTBS) and ammonia have been used to deposit silicon nitride films by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) with ammonia. The films were deposited in the temperature range of 150 to 300 °C with 0.15 watts/cm² plasma power density at 100 KHz. The NH₃/DTBS ratio was varied from 1 to 18, the total flow rate was varied between 195 and 570 sccm with total pressure ranging from 0.2 to 0.6 torr.

The deposition rate of these films was found to increase as total pressure or total flow rate increases, but was found to decrease as …

A Graphical Tool For The Simulation Of Timed Petri Nets, Javaid Aslam Siddiqi

Theses

A highly interactive graphical tool is developed for the drawing and simulation of discrete event systems involving time constraints. The Timed Petri Net Simulator tool (TPNS) is capable of simulating systems with deterministic and stochastic delays. Performance and utilization parameters are collected during simulation for behavior and analysis purposes. Simulation results are stored in different files (log, verify, utilize, and mark). Conflict resolution on the basis of priority or random selection of multiple transitions in conflict is implemented to handle complex modeling situations. A user friendly interface is developed for effective interaction between the tool and the user. This interface …

The Strength Of Cement Bentonite In Containment Structures, Liong Tin So

Theses

In recent years the use of cutoff or slurry walls has increased in the containment of hazardous waste. Several materials have been utilized for backfill in slurry walls. Two important properties of the material are shear strength and permeability. Previously, sodium bentonite had been used. However, it was discovered that variable pH would cause an increase in permeability. Studies have shown calcium bentonite have a constant permeability with varied pH (Oweis and Khera, 1990). This study was undertaken to determine strength of calcium bentonite as affected by cement and slag.

Triaxial shear tests and unconfined compression tests were done on …

A Graphic Editor And Real Time Simulator Of Petri Net, Tenian Tang

Theses

A structurally designed graphic editor and real time simulator of Petri nets (PN) is presented. The package is programmed by Turbo C language, which runs in IBM-PC environmental with graphics adaptor. Various kinds of PN systems such as ordinary, general and timed Petri net can be modeled and analyzed by firing the models with real time token movement animations. Some properties of analyzed PN such as reachability, deadlock, firing time can be studied. Several illustrative examples are presented. The possible further enhancements are also discussed.

Automated Eeg Analysis And Spike Detection, Walter Vanderschraaf

Theses

EEG analysis of epileptic patients is extremely time consuming. Patients are monitored up to 36 hours at a time. The neurologist must visually review stacks of EEG records to determine whether they contain epileptic or artifactual activity. This process is very subjective and can vary from one neurologist to another based on his or her training and experience. The neurologist is only human and may tire or lose his or her concentration. Automated EEG analysis can efficiently reduce the amount of data and time involved in analysis. It is also more consistent and objective than human analysis.

The main objective …

Image Deblurring For Visualization Of Coronary Microcirculation, Kaijun Wang

Theses

Blurred images of the rat coronary microcirculation have been obtained and processed. Heart motion, blood flow and noise cause the blur of the images. The objective of this thesis work was to study the effects of these factors on image quality and assess several models for image deblurring. The Wiener Filter and the Powei Spectrum Equalization Filter were implemented and were added to the existing image processing software. The images obtained after the application of these filters showed significant improvement over the original blurred images.

Extension And Applications Of Knitting Technique For Petri Net Synthesis, Yanzhong Zhang

Theses

Petri nets have been used for modeling and analyzing various systems [1,2,3,4,8]. One approach to Petri net synthesis is a knitting technique [4,5, 6,7]. It was developed for modeling concurrent systems. The Petri net model is incrementally expanded by adding paths of nodes according to rules. To extend the knitting technique to cover synchronized systems, a set of new rules based on synchronic distance concept is presented. The rules penult synchronizing M exclusive processes (M 2) to a synchronic distance of any positive integer N. They can be applied to both exclusive processes and independent processes. The resulting Petri net …

A Color Petri Net Simulation Tool, Sanjaykumar V. Desai

Theses

A user friendly, modular and highly interactive graphical tool for drawing, editing and simulating color Petri nets is developed. The tool is designed to model concurrent and interlocked systems, such as flexible manufacturing systems, communication protocols and computer systems. A Color Petri Net(CPN) has a more concise graphical system representation than a standard Petri net, because net entities in CPN carry information. The CPNS(Color Petri Net Simulation) tool simulates a net having conflicts, reveals deadlocks, and creates a log file with the state history of the system yielding performance measures.

Development Of An Expert System For The Safety Of Workers From Electrical Hazards At Work Place, Faizul Islam

Theses

This thesis presents the development of an expert system for the safety of workers from electrical hazards at work place.

The objective of this work is to show how an expert system within the workplace can be used in helping to create an effective safety program.

An effective expert system for electrical safety have been developed for the workers to prevent accidents from electrical hazards using the safety regulations of Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

The regulations developed by OSHA have been incorporated in rule based expert system which can be accessed by any non computer professional and the system …

Development Of Cellular Manufacturing Systems For Overall Production Efficiency, Srinivas Lokula

Theses

For years the industrial job shop is facing an increase in complexity and decline in productivity due to increase in parts mix, volume of parts, plant size, machine production rates and part complexity. The development of Group Technology and Cellular Manufacturing seeks to eliminate or minimize complexity and to maximize productivity.

Cellular manufacturing is the physical division of job shop's manufacturing machinery into production cells. Each cell is designed to produce parts requiring similar machinery and machine operations. Cellular manufacturing is one of the best manufacturing techniques to support Just In Time manufacturing and Total Quality Management.

This thesis work …

Implementing Computer Numerical Control Machine Tools In A Job Shop Environment, Rajesh Shah

Theses

Computer Numerical Control is one important phase to overall application of computer on the shopfloor. Today a large variety of CNC machine tools are offered by manufacturer following different standards. This thesis is organized with the purpose of comparing various technical and economical considerations for CNC machine tool purchase and application. The main purpose of study is to mention various features of CNC machine tools and its possible integration which can reduce product lead time and improve quality. General replacement minimum cost model is discussed with case study for economic justification of machine purchase. While discussing technical features emphasis is …

Integrated Anaerobic-Aerobic System For The Biodegradation Of Highly Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds, Cheng-Ming Kung

Dissertations

A two-step process was developed for the complete mineralization of hazardous chlorinated aromatic compounds. The system consisted of an anaerobic reactor, in which reductive dehalogenation took place, coupled with an aerobic reactor in which the complete mineralization of the products of the anaerobic dehalogenation occurred.

A mixed anaerobic culture from a municipal sewage treatment plant was enriched and then immobilized on silica-based porous beads to treat 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), which is the model target compound in this work. In the anaerobic reactor, TCP was degraded to 2,4-dichlorophenol which was, in turn, reduced to 4-chlorophenol (4-CP). Stoichiometric amounts of 4-CP were recovered …

Direct Recovering Of Surface Structure Characterized By An Nth Degree Polynomial Equation Using The Uoff Approach, Mazen A. Salhi

Theses

There are two different approaches for estimation of structure and/or motion of objects in the computer vision community today. One is the feature correspondence method, and the other is the optical flow method [1]. There are many difficulties and limitations encountered with the feature correspondence method, while the optical flow method is more feasible, but requires a substantial amount of extra calculations if the optical flow is to be computed as an intermediate step.

Direct methods have been developed [2-4], that use the optical flow approach, but avoid computing the full optical flow field as an intermediate step for recovering …

Automation Of Part Inspection In A Coordinate Measuring Machine, Madhu N. Kanoor

Theses

Some of the drawbacks in inspecting a part using a Direct Computer Controlled Coordinate Measuring Machine are that a programmer has to generate a part program for the inspection process, and such programs have to be generated for each part to be inspected. These programs will be restricted to a kind of CMM, thus preventing the portability of the program t o other kinds of CMM.

If a part program can be generated off line after a part has been designed in a CAD system. an operator can inspect the part without any prior knowledge of the esoteric CMM programming …

Development Of Technology For Glass Shaping By The Use Of Abrasive Water-Jet, Li-Yuan Shih

Theses

This study is to investigate the effects of AWJ properties on the results of glass machining and to develop a practical procedure for prediction of these results of abrasive waterjet (AWJ) machining. The use of glass in engineering and Abrasive Waterjet Cutting Technology are introduced. A practical technique to prevent defects and to improve the quality of the glass surface is suggested. A earlier parameter introduced, Exergy Distribution Density (EDD), is used in order to characterize the cutting conditions.

It was found that besides of EDD the results of machining are affected by the particles' destruction in the course of …

Disc Size Scale-Up In Rotating Biological Contactor System, Chi-Sheng Chang

Theses

Disc size scale-up of prototype and small-scale RBC plants are successfully developed by applying the 114 data sets obtained from 12 RBC plants to the evaluation of percent sBOD remaining. These data analyses are performed by the least square method, therefore, the scale-up factors of the prototype and the small-scale are determined at different hydraulic loading. Furthermore, the relationship between scale-up factor and the disc diameter are established under the given flow rate, the number of stages, and the number of discs. A group of Curves are obtained and can be utilized for the full-scale RBC plant preliminary design. The …

Calcium Channel Dynamics In Hippocampal Neurons : Simulation And Physiological Studies, Prasad D. Jasthi

Theses

Mathematical modelling and computer simulations of neurons was presented by various researchers in the past. Computer simulations provide a time efficient and cost effective method to obtain required information about the physiological system. The objective of this project is to study the kinetics of calcium channels in hippocampal neurons. In an attempt to study the calcium channel activity we have developed a mathematical model for the CA3 region of the hippocampus and have analysed the calcium current noise obtained from the physiological recordings. The Simulation results had reproduced the action potential and activities of sodium and potassium channels, but did …

Biodegradation Of Phenol And 4-Chlorophenol Using A Single Species In A Sequencing Batch Reactor, Kung-Wei Wang

Theses

Biodegradation of phenol and 4-chlorophenol (4CP) using Pseudomonas putida (ATCC 17514) was studied in batch and sequencing batch reactors. Batch experiments were first performed in order to reveal the kinetics of biodegradation for each substrate. 4-Chlorophenol was degradable only in the presence of phenol, or immediately after exposure of the organism to phenol. It was postulated that an enzyme induced by the presence of phenol was necessary to initiate degradation of 4-chlorophenol.

A mathematical model was then developed to describe the dynamic behavior of both substrates in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The model utilized rate parameters obtained from batch …

Canmol : Expert System In Medicine, Kulin Hemani

Theses

The intriguing words for the nineteen nineties are "Expert Systems", and "Artificial Intelligence". To a layman these terms conjure up thoughts of spaceships and futuristic beings. In reality they exemplify man's capability to harness technology.

Expert systems are computer software programs that make use of previously accumulated knowledge to assist in solving complex problems.

In recent years the practice of medicine has changed dramatically from a fundamentally individually deductive approach to an Artificial Intelligence based science. The modern physician no longer draws conclusions simply by examining the patient. Today the physician employs sophisticated computer based diagnostic tools to generate a …

Design Optimization Of Laminated Fiber Composites, Ramarao G. Prasad

Theses

Laminated Fiber Composites are finding a wide range of applications in structural design especially for light weight structures that have stringent stiffness and strength requirements Finding an efficient composite structural design that meets the requirements of a certain application can be achieved not only by sizing the cross-sectional areas and member thicknesses but also by global or local tailoring of the material properties through selective use of orientation, number and stacking sequence of the laminae that make up the composite laminate.

The work presented here treats the design optimization problem involving minimum weight design of fiber composite laminates subject to …

Broadband Isdn Control Using Neural Networks, Stavros Zervoudakis

Theses

Broadband Integrated Services Digital Networks (B-ISDN) are considered to become the standard communications networks in the near future. Major research efford is being applied in determining the appropriate mode of operation for B-ISDN systems. Two proposals, the Synchronous Transfer Mode (STM) and the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) claim to best fit the B-ISDN transmission requirements individually. A new method for B-ISDN traffic control is proposed in this paper. This method assigns priority levels to incoming traffic while integrating STM with ATM. A neural network is used to decide how the multiplexing of the incoming packets will be performed. Several traffic …