Engineering Commons^™

The Removal Of Abs From Tap Water Solutions And Sewage Plant Effluents At Various Air Rates Using Continuous Foam Flotation., Ratan F. Daboo

Masters Theses

"This investigation was performed to study the removal of Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate (ABS) from tap water solutions and sewage treatment plant effluents by continuous foam flotation and to determine the effect of the air flow rate on the removal.

A flotation cell provided with controlled air and liquid flow rates was used for the continuous process. Air flow rates between zero and 29.4 cubic feet per hour were investigated. A liquid feed flow rate of 120 milliliters per minute was used for most of the experiments with one run made at 60 milliliters per minute. The liquid samples were analyzed …

Investigation Of Stresses And Deflections In An Inclined Beam., Jayant Chhaganlal Soni

Masters Theses

"In this thesis an investigation has been made of the effect of inclination on strains and deflections in an inclined rectangular steel beam. To compute the strains and deflections Newmark's Numerical Procedure has been used. An experiment has been carried out on a rectangular steel beam for four different load increments and eight different inclinations. To compare the experimental and analytical data, graphs have been drawn for the experimental and analytical quantities of strains and deflections for all the four load increments and eight different angles of inclination. Results of the investigation indicate that the strains and deflections at inclinations …

A Study Of The Relationships Between The Structure And The Consolidation And Swell Characteristics., Victor Foute Spruill

Masters Theses

"This paper reports the experimental results of an investigation of the relationships between the consolidation and swell characteristics of a cohesive soil and the structure of the soil. Consolidation and swell tests were run on samples prepared at their liquid limits in order to permit the effects of structure to show up in the results. The series of samples tested consisted of Putnam Clay Soil with (1) 2% sodium carbonate added, (2) no admixture, (3) 1% calcium hydroxide, and (4) 4% calcium hydroxide. Determinations were made of the per cent consolidation and per cent swell, decrease and increase in height …

A Study Of Rotational Critical Speeds For A Multi-Mass, Multi-Span System, Pravinchandra M. Upadhyay

Masters Theses

"It is well known that the unbalanced inertia forces present in rotating shafts set up violent vibrations in a transverse direction at certain speeds known as critical speeds, whirling speeds or whipping speeds. Therefore one who deals with the design of rotating machine parts, such as turbine rotors, multi-cylinder engine crankshafts etc., must consider transverse vibrations of rotating parts.

Practical solutions for finding the critical speeds of simple rotating systems, such as a single disk on a shaft with a single span, were derived by many authors. But as the number of loads and spans increases the problem becomes complex …

Investigation Of Ablation Materials, John Martyn Schattyn

Masters Theses

"The desired result of this paper is to determine what effect the physical and thermal properties of a material have on the ability of that material to act as an ablation heat shield. On the basis of their physical properties, five materials, nickel, beryllium, fused quartz, teflon, and phenolic-nylon, were chosen as examples.

The tools used for this study are heat transfer equations involving a change in material phase. The resulting criteria may be assumed applicable to any material exhibiting one of the four types of ablation processes"--Abstract, page 2.

The Performance Of A Mechanically-Aided Countercurrent Extraction Column., Jerry James Carr

Masters Theses

"In recent years liquid extraction has become a major industrial method for the separation of liquid solutions. Liquid extraction has proven successful in some separations performed only with great difficulty by other, more common mass-transfer operations. Th e industrial utilization of liquid extraction has resulted in considerable interest in the design and performance correlations of high-capacity, high-efficiency extraction equipment.

Continuous countercurrent columns, filled with various packings, baffles, and plates, have been found to be relatively ineffective in liquid extract on service. The density difference of the contacted phases is generally insufficient to, by itself, cause the intimate contact necessary for …

Dissolution Rates Of Zone Refined Iron And Steel In Hydrochloric And Sulfuric Acids And In Sodium Chloride Solutions., Gary E. Welch

Masters Theses

"Dissolution rates for two carbon steels were deter­ mined in four concentrations of sulfuric acid at five temperatures and in four concentrations of hydrochloric acid at four temperatures.

No general relationship was found for the variation in activation energies in sulfuric and hydrochloric acid. An explanation of the difference in the reaction rates and a possible explanation of the activation energy is presented on the basis of chunk formation.

The results of this investigation indicate an electrochemical control mechanism for the dissolution reaction of steel in acid solutions.

Results of dissolution rate studies in sulfuric and hydrochloric acid solutions and …

The Effect Of Reradiation On Heat Transmission, Arvindkumar M. Shah

Masters Theses

"In heat transmission by radiation, it is very easy to find the heat transmitted from one surface to another. Much work has been done in this area. The problem becomes complicated when the two surfaces are enclosed or joined by an enclosure. Such problems frequently arise in the design of furnaces. One problem is linked with the economy of fuel, by proper consideration of heat losses through the openings in furnace walls such as doors and burner openings. A second problem is associated with the heating capacity and useful heat transfer through the openings such as heat ports in walls …

Heat Transfer Through A Honeycomb Sandwich Panel, Jayantilal J. Darji

Masters Theses

"Progress brought about by human ingenuity and technological developments has been always accompanied by fresh problems, the successful solution of which enables still further progress.

The recent developments in space exploration and exploitations are astounding. The coming years are likely to bring forth many remarkable achievements. Except for several engineering problems encountered with these developments the pace of progress is to study the heat transfer from honeycomb sandwich panels as an outer skin of high performance flight vehicles. The quantity of heat transferred through the panel is important in study of such vehicles, and methods or equations for determining this …

Analysis Of A Char-Forming Ablator, William J. Reilly

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this thesis is to conduct an analytical analysis of a char-forming ablation material. This is one phase of ablation heat transfer.

Fourier's general equation for one dimensional heat conduction is transformed to moving coordinates and is then solved using the applicable boundary conditions. Solutions of this equation are valid for initial studies in ablation heat transfer"--Abstract, page ii.

Phase Extent Of Gaas, Gasb, And Insb, And Solid Solubility In The System Gaas-Gasb Determined By The Lattice Constant-Density Method., Chang Don Kim

Masters Theses

"The lattice constant of the homogeneous gallium arsenide varies from 5.65298A⁰ to 5.65J26A⁰ at 25° c with a change of composition in the range from 49-935 to 50.015 atomic percent gallium. The lattice constants of g allium and indium antimonide are 6.09592A⁰ and 6.47876A⁰ at 25 ° c, respectively and the extent of the phases of gallium and indium antimonide could not be found in this work.

The thermal expansion coefficient of gallium arsenide is 6.4 x 10^-6/⁰ C in the range between 10 and 65° c regardless of composition, ar.d those of …

Removal Of Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate By Precipitation With Cationic Surfactants., Phillip E. Custer

Masters Theses

"The extensive use of synthetic detergents, particularly the nonbiodegradable alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS), has created many difficulties in water and wastewater. Although a number of processes have been proposed for the abatement of the synthetic detergent problem, a completely satisfactory solution has yet to be developed.

Following a preliminary investigation, three cationic agents, Bionol R0-50, G-263 and Primafloc C-5 were selected to be studied in detail in order to determine their ability to remove ABS by precipitation. Studies were conducted in deionized water, river water and domestic sewage systems using an initial ABS concentration of 10 mg/1 and cationic dosages …

Economical Span Length Ratios For Four Span Continuous Girder Bridges., C. C. Jogani

Masters Theses

"This study presents the results of an analysis of maximum movement in a four span continuous bridge with total span length of 100¹, 200¹, 300¹, and comparison with maximum moment on three span continuous bridge with total span length of 200¹ and 300¹. The four span continuous bridge was found to have a maximum moment which was 46% that of the three span bridge at both 200¹ and 300¹ length"-Abstract p. ii

Hydraulic Transportation Of Coal In Open Flumes., Nallapu Narayan Reddy

Masters Theses

"The objective of this study is to design a simplified form of hydraulic transportation system using open-flumes and operated by gravity in pitching coal seams. This type of system is to be used in conjunction with mining by hydraulic methods where the water used for the extraction of coal can also be used for the loading and transport functions"--Introduction p. 1

The Effect Of Haunched Members On Vierendeel Trusses, Rashmikant D. Parikh

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this study was to analyze a Vierendeel Truss and determine the effect of haunches on moments. Loads were applied at the interior panel points in sequence. The classic slope-deflection method with coefficients taken from a table of frame constants (8) was used for the analysis.

In this investigation, one effect of haunches was determined to be the distribution of moments more evenly throughout the structure. Also, they insure rigidity of the joints and increase architectural flexibility"--Abstract, page ii.

Determining Stability Of Nonlinear Control Systems Via Lyapunov's Method., John Joseph Komo

Masters Theses

"The problem undertaken in this thesis is to present Lyapunov's method of stability as i t applies to control systems and to use it in the stability analysis of nonlinear control systems. The variable gradient method of generating Lyapunov functions is presented since this seems the best general procedure for obtaining Lyapunov functions. Also, the integration of matrices method is presented as a comparison. ii

Procedures for the use of the variable gradient method and the integration of matrices method are written and several examples are used to illustrate these procedures.

It is concluded that Lyapunov's method is very definitely …

An Equilibrium Study Of The System Bi-S-H₂, Don Hie Lee

Masters Theses

"An experimental study has been conducted to determine the equilibrium behavior of the system Bi-S-H₂. The system was studied by equilibrating H₂-H₂S gas mixtures with Bi(l)- Bi₂S₃(s) two-phase mixtures at temperatures of 500°, 600°, 700° and 750°C in a circulating type equilibrium apparatus. The equilibrium gas mixtures were analyzed by a Fisher Gas Partitioner with a reproducibility of approximately 0.06 %.

A linear free energy equation has been derived from the results with an average deviation of ± 1 Kcal. This deviation is well within the accepted experimental accuracy for …

A Simplified Method Of Estimating Drilling And Blasting Costs Of A Highway Through-Cut Excavation In Rock, Donald J. Roberts

Masters Theses

"The development of cost estimating methods has been the most neglected phase of highway engineering. Overlooked in particular has been the development of an easily understood and easily applied method of estimating the costs of the drilling and blasting operations involved in a highway through-cut excavation in rock.

This investigation developed such a method by adapting and applying recent developments in the blasting planning field. The study was limited to small diameter blastholes and excavations in lifts of less than thirty feet. Normal efficient construction practices were presumed.

It was found from the investigation that the blast geometry and, subsequently, …

Viscosities Of Various Binary Non-Polar Gaseous Mixtures., Gerald Lee Stevenson

Masters Theses

"Viscosity is an important physical property involving the transport of momentum in a fluid. Momentum is transferred within a fluid under an existing velocity gradient as the driving force. Since momentum transfer is actually attained by the dynamic interaction between particles of mass, a description of molecular interaction is essential in order to accurately predict the viscosity of a fluid. Temperature affects fluid viscosity by increasing the kinetic energy of the fluid system and thus the frequency by which molecules are involved in interaction. There have been many theoretical studies made concerning the intermolecular potential energy statements which serve as …

Behavior Of Clay Under Compaction By Vibratory Rollers., Glenn R. Taylor

Masters Theses

"This thesis presents an analysis of the behavior of a lean clay when compacted by commercial vibratory rollers using the results of field investigations conducted by the U. S. Army Engineer Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi. Conclusions reached indicate that a lean clay soil will behave substantially the same under compaction by a vibratory roller as it does under other conventional methods of field compaction. The relationship of amplitude to the density and moisture content is also examined in this paper with the conclusion that the variations in amplitude of a vibratory roller is not significant as a measure of the …

Methods For The Determination Of The Thermal Conductivity Of Solids., A. M. Sivadasan

Masters Theses

"The thermal conductivity of materials is of considerable practical and theoretical interest. Numerous publications on this subject have been presented with widely varying approaches and applications being made. Perhaps for no other thermal property are the published results so widely divergent and subject to such great uncertainty, particularly at high temperatures. This is partly due to unsolved difficulties in measurement, but perhaps to an even greater extent to the fact that the thermal conductivity of a material depends on its physical characteristics as well as some environmental factors such as humidity and temperature. In the case of metals or alloys, …

Determination Of The Standard Free Energy Of Formation Of Zr₃S₂, Peter E. Otten

Masters Theses

"The Knudsen effusion method was used to find the equilibrium magnesium pressure for the reaction

3 Zr (s) + 2 MgS (s) = 'Zr₃S₂' (s) + 2 Mg (v)

By using known standard free energy data for the formation of magnesium sulfide and by using the equilibrium magnesium pressure, the standard free energy of formation of Zr₃S₂ was calculated and could be expressed by the equation

Δ F° = -139,800 + 49.13 T cal/mole

in the temperature range 900 to 1100°C.

It was also found that Zr₃S₂ was the zirconium …

Swelling Properties Of Putnam Soil, Oscar M. Palma

Masters Theses

"Volume change of Putnam soil under different moisture contents and the swelling pressure developed by the soil at the same moisture contents were investigated using standard test procedures.

The theory of one dimensional consolidation of Terzaghi was reviewed as well as the literature on swelling and swell pressure.

It was found that swell depends mainly on the initial water content, while swelling pressure depends mainly on the dry density of the soil"--Abstract, page ii.

The Design, Construction, And Calibration Of A Hydrodynamic Journal Bearing Testing Machine., John H. Roberts

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this investigation was to design, construct, and calibrate a journal bearing testing apparatus. The design, construction, and operation of the apparatus are described.

Two bronze bearings with length to diameter ratios of 1.0 and 0.5 were tested using a gravity oil reed system. The speed and the location of inlet oil supply were varied, and the resulting coefficients or friction, oil flow rates, outlet oil temperatures, bearing shell temperatures, and eccentricities of the bearings were determined. These results were evaluated and compared with theoretical solutions.

The results compared favorably with the theoretical solutions and substantiated the use …

A Thermodynamic Study Of The Molybdenum-Sulfur System At 1100⁰C, Seth C. Schaefer

Masters Theses

"A static method was used to determine equilibrium sulfur pressure for molybdenum-sulfur mixtures at 1100°C.

The results obtained were:
(1) The molybdenum disulfide phase was stable in a sulfur pressure range of 1.023 x 10^-5 to 6.026 x 10^-1 atmospheres. A range of non-stoichiometry from MoS_2.00 to MoS_2.22 was determined under these conditions.
(2) The upper limit of sulfur content of molybdenum sesquisulfide (Mo₂S₃) is nearly stoichiometric.
(3) The extent of solid solution of sulfur in molybdenum is approximately 1.5 atomic % (0.5 wt %).
(4) Molybdenum sesqu-isulfide (Mo₂S_{3 …}

A Study Of The Solubility Of Gold In Aluminum And The Extent Of The Al₂Au Phase., Kuldip Singh Chopra

Masters Theses

"The lattice constant of pure aluminum (99.998%) at 25° C 0 was determined to be 4.04953 A and the limit of solubility of gold in aluminum at 58O° c was found to be about o.4 weight percent gold. The minimum of the lattice constant was observed at O.75 weight percent gold. No change in the lattice constant with time was found.

The Al₂Au phase has a range from 77.66 to 78.94 weight percent gold with the theoretical composition of Al₂Au nearly in the middle of the phase. The thermal coefficient of expansion, the density and the …

An Investigation Of A Constant Velocity Paper Unwinding Device, Jerry L. Gilmore

Masters Theses

"This thesis outlines one approach in designing a system which involves a second order nonlinear differential equation. A large number of variables are involved in this analysis. Therefore, there are many solutions to the problem but only a few of these will satisfy all required conditions. The analysis will be aided by the use of an analog computer. This computer can be manipulated to obtain optimum values for the different variables.

The computer results are presented in graphical form. Reasonable values for the different variables are obtained from these graphs.

The characteristics of the unwinding device were simulated on the …

Influence Of Porosity On The Fracture Stresses Of Electrical Porcelain., Edward Anton Snajdr

Masters Theses

"Spherical pores were induced in a typical quartz electrical porcelain body. Three levels of pore size and four levels of concentration were studied. Large strength sample sizes were employed using a three-point loading and diametral loading method. Data for induced quartz particles is also included"--Abstract, p.ii

The Construction And Evaluation Of A Small Scale Laboratory Fermentor For Batch And Continuous Studies., Robert Murray Logan

Masters Theses

"The purpose or this investigation was to design and construct a suitable apparatus for the aerobic culture or microorganisms to be used for preliminary batch studies and eventually, continuous fermentations.

The general design of the apparatus was patterned after small scale equipment described in the literature. Construction or the apparatus was carried out in the shop of the Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry. All of the necessary machining was done by the author.

The aeration-agitation system was evaluated by the use or the sulfite oxidation rate determination. The oxygen transfer rate provided by the apparatus was round to be …

Effect Of Stiffness Ratio On Stresses In A Rigid Frame., James Juh-Ling Tang

Masters Theses

"The elastic center method has been used to analyze several rigid frames with different geometric configurations and with component members of variable cross-sections. The basic approach is to divide the frame into small segments to solve this problem. From this analysis the best frame which is in the range of an economical design may be obtained for a given loading condition"--Abstract, p.2