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Articles 15241 - 15270 of 21740

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Perforated Webs Subjected To End-One-Flange Loading, Roger A. Laboube, James E. Langan, Wei-Wen Yu Oct 1994

Perforated Webs Subjected To End-One-Flange Loading, Roger A. Laboube, James E. Langan, Wei-Wen Yu

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

A study of structural behavior was conducted and a design equation was developed that accounts for the degradation in web crippling capacity caused by web openings for unreinforced single web cold-formed steel flexural members subjected to the End-One-Flange (EOF) loading condition. The research findings enable the current EOF design provisions for sections without web openings to be modified by a reduction factor equation to obtain the web crippling capacity for sections with web openings. The modified capacity is considered for the web crippling capacity in the absence of bending moment for the same cross section and load bearing length.

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Reference Section Method For Local Web Buckling, T. K. Sooi, Reynaud Serrette, Teoman Pekoz Oct 1994

Reference Section Method For Local Web Buckling, T. K. Sooi, Reynaud Serrette, Teoman Pekoz

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The present AISI effective width approach for determining flexural section capacities of sections with slender webs requires an iterative approach. A simplified method, called the Reference Section Method or RSM, which eliminates the need for iteration is presented and discussed. The reference section is defined as one that is similar to the actual section except for the web height. This simplified method is based on the premise that the flexural capacity of a section with slender webs is proportional to that of a reference section with compact web. The ratio of the web height of the actual section to that …

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Flexural Capacity Of Continuous Span Standing Seam Panels: Gravity Load, Reynaud Serrette, Teoman Pekoz Oct 1994

Flexural Capacity Of Continuous Span Standing Seam Panels: Gravity Load, Reynaud Serrette, Teoman Pekoz

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The standing seam panel is one of the most practical and economical roofing systems developed in recent years. Construction of the roof system requires that the panel legs be overlapped and crimped. Under gravity load, the crimped outstanding leg of the connected panels may be subject to distortional buckling. A design method was previously suggested for estimating the distortional buckling strength of the outstanding leg of a single simply supported standing seam panel. In this paper, an approximate method is present for estimating the capacity of a system of interconnected continuous span standing seam panels. Experimental results for three full-scale …

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Behaviour Of Cold-Formed Shs Beam-Columns, Raef M. Sully, Gregory J. Hancock Oct 1994

Behaviour Of Cold-Formed Shs Beam-Columns, Raef M. Sully, Gregory J. Hancock

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

This paper describes a test programme conducted into the behaviour of cold-formed, compact square hollow section beam columns. The tests were conducted in a purpose built test rig capable of applying load and moment in a constant ratio. The test specimens were pin-ended specimens loaded, with varying load/moment ratios, at two different ratios of end moment. The results of the tests were simulated using a finite element programme. This finite element programme was used to find maximum second order elastic moments, for the section tested, at varying ratios of end moment. The results of this numerical investigation are compared with …

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Cold-Formed Steel Sections For Transmission Towers, David Odaisky, Dimos Polyzios, Glenn Morris Oct 1994

Cold-Formed Steel Sections For Transmission Towers, David Odaisky, Dimos Polyzios, Glenn Morris

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Hydro-electric transmission towers are traditionally built using hot-rolled angles. However cold formed angles are becoming more popular as replacements for hot-rolled angles, especially in the smaller angle sizes. In addition to conventional 90° angles, a wide range of shapes can be produced, in sizes to suit individual project requirements. In particular, cold-forming can be used to provide stiffening lips to prevent local buckling of thin wide elements, to optimize shapes so that longer unbraced lengths can be used, and to create shapes such as 60° angles for triangular towers. A research project was carried out at the University of Manitoba …

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Elastoplastic Large Deflection Analysis Of Cold-Formed Members Using Spline Finite Strip Method, Shi-Lin Chen, Shao-Fu Li, Shan-Feng Fang Oct 1994

Elastoplastic Large Deflection Analysis Of Cold-Formed Members Using Spline Finite Strip Method, Shi-Lin Chen, Shao-Fu Li, Shan-Feng Fang

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The elastoplastic large deflection behaviour of cold-formed members is analysed by a nonlinear spline finite strip method. The method is developed using the principle of virtual work, based on the total Lagrangian description. It is used to deal with problems of geometric and material nonlinearity. The displacement function of a strip is expressed as the product of transverse interpolation polynomials and longitudinal B3-splines. The effect of arbitrary initial imperfections is taken into consideration. The influence of cold-bending residual stress on the local and overall behaviour of cold-formed lipped angle columns is investigated especially. The numeric examples show that the method …

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Review Of Concepts Concerning Bond Of Steel Decking, Mark Patrick, Russell Q. Bridge Oct 1994

Review Of Concepts Concerning Bond Of Steel Decking, Mark Patrick, Russell Q. Bridge

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

It is well established that bond between deformed reinforcing bars and concrete is produced by three distinct actions: chemical adhesion; friction; and mechanical interlock. However, researchers of composite slab behaviour do not generally agree on the actions which produce bond between steel decking and concrete, and the concepts they have developed in this regard are reviewed.

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Slip And Separation At Interface Of Composite Slabs, Li An, Krister Cederwall Oct 1994

Slip And Separation At Interface Of Composite Slabs, Li An, Krister Cederwall

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Resistance of composite elements at the sheet-concrete interface was determined from a small-scale test. The influence of resistance at the interface, especially the vertical resistance, on the behavior of composite slabs was studied by a finite element method. The results showed that the horizontal shear resistance affected greatly on the capacity of the composite slabs. However, the vertical resistance did not influence much on the capacity and it can be neglected in the analysis.

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An Innovative Cold-Formed Floor System, John R. Hillman, Thomas M. Murray Oct 1994

An Innovative Cold-Formed Floor System, John R. Hillman, Thomas M. Murray

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Optimizing the use of building materials has always been one of the primary goals of engineers. It is a constant challenge to seek innovative methods to build lighter weight structures. Sometimes this is achieved through the development of new building materials, other times it can be accomplished by creating entirely new types of structural systems. Often lightweight structures can be more asthetically pleasing because of their stream-lined appearance. However, in general the motivating factor in building lightweight structures is to reduce the overall cost. One portion of a structure which offers tremendous potential for weight reduction is the floor system. …

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Design Of A Purlin System, C. Jiang, D. St. Quinton Oct 1994

Design Of A Purlin System, C. Jiang, D. St. Quinton

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

This paper is concerned with the design of cold-formed steel structural members which span between the frames of a building and carry cladding which is usually either single- or double-skin profiled metal sheeting or a sandwich panel. The cladding is fIxed to these purlins or sheeting rails at regular intervals and the performance in service, and therefore the design, is strongly influenced by interaction with the sheeting. The connection between the purlins and the supporting structure also has a significant influence on performance so that, historically, the emphasis has tended to be on empirical methods of design rather than detailed …

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Stainless Steel Tubular Joints - Tests And Design Of X- And K-Joints In Square Hollow Sections, Ben Young, Kim J. R. Rasmussen Oct 1994

Stainless Steel Tubular Joints - Tests And Design Of X- And K-Joints In Square Hollow Sections, Ben Young, Kim J. R. Rasmussen

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The paper describes a test program on welded stainless steel X- and K-joints fabricated from square hollow section brace members and chords. The X-joints were tested in compression and tension using different ratios of brace width to chord width. The K-joints were tested by varying the ratio of brace width to chord width, the angle between chord and brace members, and the preload applied to the chord. A total of 23 tests were performed. Design rules are proposed for X- and K-joints by adopting the rules of the CIDECT Recommendations for carbon steel tubular structures and replacing the yield stress …

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The Lateral Torsional Buckling Strength Of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Beams, G. J. Van Den Berg, P. J. Bredenkamp Oct 1994

The Lateral Torsional Buckling Strength Of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Beams, G. J. Van Den Berg, P. J. Bredenkamp

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The findings of an investigation of the lateral torsional buckling strength of cold-formed stainless steel beams are reported in this study. The sections under consideration are cold-formed lipped channel sections spot-welded back to back to form doubly-symmetric lipped I-beams. The beams were fabricated from a modified AISI Type 409 stainless steel, designated Type 3CR12 corrosion resisting steel. The purpose of this study is to compare the experimental lateral torsional buckling strengths of doubly-symmetric beams to the theoretical predictions proposed by the ASCE Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structural Members. It was concluded in this investigation that an …

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The Strength Of Partially Stiffened Stainless Steel Compression Members, Y. Buitendag, G. J. Van Den Berg Oct 1994

The Strength Of Partially Stiffened Stainless Steel Compression Members, Y. Buitendag, G. J. Van Den Berg

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The instability of partially stiffened stainless steel compression members due to local buckling of the flange element or flange and lip interaction has not been studied before. In this investigation the critical local buckling and post-buckling behaviour of cold-formed partially stiffened stainless steel compression elements is studied. It is concluded in this investigation that a plasticity reduction factor should be used to evaluate the critical local buckling stress as well as the effective width to calculate the ultimate capacity of partially stiffened stainless steel compression members.

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Web Crippling Of Stainless Steel Cold-Formed Beams, S. A. Korvink, G. J. Van Den Berg Oct 1994

Web Crippling Of Stainless Steel Cold-Formed Beams, S. A. Korvink, G. J. Van Den Berg

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The results of an investigation on the web crippling strength of cold-formed stainless steel channel sections are presented in this paper. The steels under consideration are AlSI Type 430 stainless steel and a modified AlSI Type 409, designated Type 3CR12 corrosion resisting steel. The lipped channel sections were manufactured by a press braking process. Beams were tested in pairs, lips facing, in an interior-one-flange loading configuration. Experimental results were compared with the theoretical predictions given in the 1991 edition of the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structural Members. It was concluded in this study that the experimental …

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A Novel Microwave Method For Detection Of Long Surface Cracks In Metals, Chin-Yung Yeh, R. Zoughi Oct 1994

A Novel Microwave Method For Detection Of Long Surface Cracks In Metals, Chin-Yung Yeh, R. Zoughi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A novel microwave technique for detecting long surface cracks in metals is described. This technique utilizes an open-ended waveguide to probe the surface of a metal. In the absence of a crack the metal surface is seen as a relatively good short-circuit load. However, in the presence of a crack higher order modes are generated which in turn change the reflection properties at the waveguide aperture. This change brings about a perturbation in the standing wave characteristics which is then probed by a diode detector. The experimental and theoretical foundations of this technique are given, along with several examples. It …

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Effect Of Additives On Anomalous Deposition In Zinc-Cobalt Alloy Electrogalvanizing, H. M. Wang, Thomas J. O'Keefe Sep 1994

Effect Of Additives On Anomalous Deposition In Zinc-Cobalt Alloy Electrogalvanizing, H. M. Wang, Thomas J. O'Keefe

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Alloys of Zn-Co were deposited from sulphate electrolytes containing various additives to study their influence on the anomalous behavior of the reactions. The effects of antimony, germanium and arsenic on the Zn-Co alloy composition and structure were examined. The results showed that the composition and structure of Zn-Co alloys deposited could be dramatically changed by antimony, and to a lesser extent by germanium and arsenic. A concentration of Sb(III) as low as 5 mg dm-3 increased the cobalt content by a factor of approximately 3; however, the deposit morphology was very dendritic. Germanium additions nearly doubled the cobalt content and …

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Orientation Induced Scattering Asymmetry, Jee-Ching Wang, Ronald E. Olson Aug 1994

Orientation Induced Scattering Asymmetry, Jee-Ching Wang, Ronald E. Olson

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Projectile angular scattering is investigated following electron capture by protons from circular Rydberg atoms oriented along a quantization axis perpendicular to the incident projectile direction. We find strong left-right scattering asymmetry as a function of the orientation angle at collision speeds comparable to the electron orbital speed. The capture cross section is dramatically enhanced due to velocity matching when the angular momenta of the proton and the electron are aligned. The scattering asymmetry exhibits characteristic impact parameter dependencies suitable for studying three-body dynamics influenced by both long and short range forces of comparable strength. © 1994 IOP Publishing Ltd.

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Ccfss Technical Bulletin August 1994, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures Aug 1994

Ccfss Technical Bulletin August 1994, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures

CCFSS Technical Bulletins (1993 - 2020)

No abstract provided.

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Ccfss News August 1994, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures Aug 1994

Ccfss News August 1994, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures

CCFSS Newsletters (1999 - 2008)

No abstract provided.

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Modeling Power Bus Decoupling On Multilayer Printed Circuit Boards, James L. Drewniak, Todd H. Hubing, Thomas Van Doren, P. Baudendistal Aug 1994

Modeling Power Bus Decoupling On Multilayer Printed Circuit Boards, James L. Drewniak, Todd H. Hubing, Thomas Van Doren, P. Baudendistal

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Power bus decoupling designs on multilayer printed circuit boards must adequately account for the power bus interplane capacitance and its consequences for the design. Lumped element models for a power bus on a multilayer printed circuit board where an appreciable or entire portion of a layer is devoted to power and ground have been developed. The models are applicable below the distributed resonances of the board. Analytical, circuit simulation, and experimental studies have been conducted to test the models, investigate the effects of the distributed interplane capacitance of the power bus, and the effect of interconnect inductance associated with surface-mount …

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Common Mode Currents Induced On Wires Attached To Multilayer Printed Wire Boards With Segmented Ground Planes, R. Lee Hill, Thomas Van Doren, Todd H. Hubing, James L. Drewniak, Franz Gisn Aug 1994

Common Mode Currents Induced On Wires Attached To Multilayer Printed Wire Boards With Segmented Ground Planes, R. Lee Hill, Thomas Van Doren, Todd H. Hubing, James L. Drewniak, Franz Gisn

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An investigation has been undertaken to further study the fundamental mechanisms responsible for inducing high frequency common mode currents on wires attached to multilayer printed wire boards (PWBs). Previous work reported in the EMC literature has demonstrated that the presence of unintended common mode currents on the external cables of electronic equipment is often the primary source of radiated EMI at frequencies above 30 MHz. In an attempt to reduce the magnitude of these currents to yield `quieter' electronic products, many EMC engineers have implemented segmented or `gapped' ground plane geometries in mulilayer PWB designs. The objective of this study …

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Identifying And Quantifying Printed Circuit Board Inductance, Todd H. Hubing, Thomas Van Doren, James L. Drewniak Aug 1994

Identifying And Quantifying Printed Circuit Board Inductance, Todd H. Hubing, Thomas Van Doren, James L. Drewniak

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The concepts of inductance and partial inductance play a key role in printed circuit board (PCB) modeling. The inductance of the signal path is an important parameter in high-speed signal integrity calculations. Delta_I noise modeling, crosstalk calculations, and common-mode source identification all rely heavily on accurate estimations of the partial inductance associated with traces, vias, and signal return paths on printed circuit boards. The paper begins by identifying and quantifying the parameters that affect the inductance of typical PCB geometries. Closed-form equations are provided for estimating the partial inductances of simple trace, via, and ground plane configurations. Finally, the issue …

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The Multirate Method For Simulation Of Power System Dynamics, J. G. Chen, Mariesa Crow Aug 1994

The Multirate Method For Simulation Of Power System Dynamics, J. G. Chen, Mariesa Crow

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, the multirate method is introduced to analyse power system behavior for systems with widely varying time constants. Estimates for computational speed-up are derived based on a linear system approach. The method is applied to a small power system example and the results, both in terms of accuracy and computation time, are compared to traditional simulation methods

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Investigation Of Fundamental Mechanisms Of Common-Mode Radiation From Printed Circuit Boards With Attached Cables, James L. Drewniak, Todd H. Hubing, Thomas Van Doren Aug 1994

Investigation Of Fundamental Mechanisms Of Common-Mode Radiation From Printed Circuit Boards With Attached Cables, James L. Drewniak, Todd H. Hubing, Thomas Van Doren

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Fundamental mechanisms leading to common-mode radiation from printed circuit boards with attached cables have been studied. Two primary mechanisms have been identified, one associated with a differential-mode voltage that results in a common-mode current on an attached cable, and another associated with a differential-mode current that results in a common-mode current on the cable. The two mechanisms are demonstrated through numerical and experimental results.

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A Novel Microwave Fatigue Crack Detection Technique Using An Open-Ended Coaxial Line, Nasser N. Qaddoumi, Stoyan I. Ganchev, R. Zoughi Jul 1994

A Novel Microwave Fatigue Crack Detection Technique Using An Open-Ended Coaxial Line, Nasser N. Qaddoumi, Stoyan I. Ganchev, R. Zoughi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Surface crack detection on metallic structures (aircraft fuselage, turbine blades and nuclear power plant steam generator turbines) is of utmost importance. The use of an open-ended coaxial line for this purpose is very attractive because it offers advantages such as a wide frequency band of operation, small aperture (sensing) area, and excellent sensitivity.

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Simple Apparatus For Producing Single Liquid Drops, Dhiren Panda, D. G. C. Robertson Jul 1994

Simple Apparatus For Producing Single Liquid Drops, Dhiren Panda, D. G. C. Robertson

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A simple experimental apparatus has been used to produce individual mercury and sodium amalgam drops in the size range of 0.3-2.5 mm diam. A high resistance to the flow of liquid was provided by a capillary tube. The cross section consisted of a 0.20 mm o.d. tungsten wire placed in a 0.25 mm capillary bore. By this method, flow rates of 1 μl/s and lower were obtained, which enabled the formation of drops as small as 1 mm diam in a time interval of 20 s. The drops were formed at a plastic tip, and on reaching the desired size, …

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Detection Optimization Of Disbond In Layered Composites With Varying Thicknesses Using An Open-Ended Rectangular Waveguide, Stoyan I. Ganchev, Nasser N. Qaddoumi, R. Zoughi Jul 1994

Detection Optimization Of Disbond In Layered Composites With Varying Thicknesses Using An Open-Ended Rectangular Waveguide, Stoyan I. Ganchev, Nasser N. Qaddoumi, R. Zoughi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The detection of air disbond in layered dielectric composite, which is an important practical issue in many industries, is studied both theoretically and experimentally. Sensitivity of disbond detection depends on certain parameters, like the frequency of operation, the distance between the sensor and the first dielectric layer, and the layered composite geometry (conductor backed or terminated by an infinite half-space of air). The impact of all these parameters is investigated theoretically and then verified experimentally.

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Simulation Of Communication Systems, William H. Tranter, Kurt Louis Kosbar Jul 1994

Simulation Of Communication Systems, William H. Tranter, Kurt Louis Kosbar

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

When both a complex system and a complex channel model are encountered, the result is typically a design or analysis problem that cannot be solved using traditional (pencil and paper) mathematical analysis. Computer-aided techniques, which usually involve some level of numerical simulation, can be a very valuable tool in these situations. The purpose of this article is to provide a tutorial review of some of the basic techniques of communication system simulation. The authors consider the basic techniques used to represent signals, generate signals, and model linear systems, nonlinear systems, and time-varying systems within a simulation. They consider the important …

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Analysis Of Radiation From An Open-Ended Coaxial Line Into Stratified Dielectrics, Sasan Bakhtiari, Stoyan I. Ganchev, R. Zoughi Jul 1994

Analysis Of Radiation From An Open-Ended Coaxial Line Into Stratified Dielectrics, Sasan Bakhtiari, Stoyan I. Ganchev, R. Zoughi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Radiation from an open-ended coaxial transmission line into an N-layer dielectric medium is studied in application to nondestructive evaluation of materials. Explicit formulations for two cases of layered media, one terminated into an infinite half-space and the other into a conducting sheet are addressed in general form. In the theoretical derivations it is assumed that only the fundamental TEM mode propagates inside the coaxial line. The terminating admittance of the line is then formulated using the continuity of the power flow across the aperture. The admittance expressions for specific cases of two-layer dielectric composite with generally lossy dielectric properties, and …

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The Response Of Dispersion-Strengthened Copper Alloys To High Fluence Neutron Irradiation At 415⁰C, Danny J. Edwards, Joseph William Newkirk, Frank A. Garner, Margaret L. Hamilton, A. Nadkarni, P. Samal Jun 1994

The Response Of Dispersion-Strengthened Copper Alloys To High Fluence Neutron Irradiation At 415⁰C, Danny J. Edwards, Joseph William Newkirk, Frank A. Garner, Margaret L. Hamilton, A. Nadkarni, P. Samal

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Various oxide-dispersion-strengthened copper alloys have been irradiated to 150 dpa at 415°C in the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF). The Al2O3-strengthened GlidCop™ alloys, followed closely by a HfO2-strengthened alloy, displayed the best swelling resistance, electrical conductivity, and tensile properties. The conductivity of the HfO2-strengthened alloy reached a plateau at the higher levels of irradiation, instead of exhibiting the steady decrease in conductivity observed in the other alloys. A high initial oxygen content resulted in significantly higher swelling for a series of castable oxide-dispersion-strengthened alloys, while a Cr2O3 -strengthened alloys …

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