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Articles 13771 - 13800 of 21751

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Chemical Plating Method, Electrolytic Cell And Automotive Oxygen Sensor Using It, Mary R. Reidmeyer, Matthew J. Donelon, Robert F. Killion Jan 2001

Chemical Plating Method, Electrolytic Cell And Automotive Oxygen Sensor Using It, Mary R. Reidmeyer, Matthew J. Donelon, Robert F. Killion

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An automotive lambda oxygen sensor is formed by electroless plating of a thin, catalytically active, conductive electrode uniformly on the outer surface of a zirconia thimble. The process includes forming a pristine zirconia solid electrolyte thimble and drilling out a cylindrical cavity in it. A porous outer surface suitable for producing crystallization sites is formed by dipping the unfired thimble in a zirconia slurry containing spray-dried microspheres and firing the coated thimble to densify the thimble and the microspheres and to produce cavities on the surface of the thimble. An inner platinum electrode is formed by conventional conductive ink painting …

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A Continually Online Trained Neurocontroller For Excitation And Turbine Control Of A Turbogenerator, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, Ronald G. Harley Jan 2001

A Continually Online Trained Neurocontroller For Excitation And Turbine Control Of A Turbogenerator, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, Ronald G. Harley

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

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A Statistical Solution To A Text Decoding Challenge Problem, Xindi Cai, Rui Xu, Donald C. Wunsch, V. A. Samaranayake Jan 2001

A Statistical Solution To A Text Decoding Challenge Problem, Xindi Cai, Rui Xu, Donald C. Wunsch, V. A. Samaranayake

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Given an encoded unknown text message in the form of a three dimensional spatial series generated by the use of four smooth nonlinear functions, we use a method based on simple statistical reasoning to pick up samples for rebuilding the four functions. The estimated functions are then used to decode the sequence. The experimental results show that our method gives a nearly perfect decoding, enabling us to submit a 100% accurate solution to the IJCNN challenge problem

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Purification And Characterization Of Crystallins By Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction, Ondrea Bermudez, Daniel Forciniti Jan 2001

Purification And Characterization Of Crystallins By Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction, Ondrea Bermudez, Daniel Forciniti

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Crystallins are a family of water-soluble proteins that constitute up to 90% of the water-soluble proteins in mammalian eye lenses. We present in this paper an alternative purification method for these proteins using polyethylene glycol/dextran aqueous two-phase extraction. Under the appropriate conditions, we were able to recover the γ-crystallin fraction essentially free of the remaining proteins. High concentrations of salt at a neutral pH maximize the recovery of γ-crystallins in the top phase and minimize the contamination by the other proteins present in the lenses. The proposed protocol decreases the separation time by about 50%. The complex partition behavior observed …

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Concrete Roughness Characterization Using Laser Profilometry For Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Sheet Application, Norbert H. Maerz, Poornima Chepur, John J. Myers, Justin Linz Jan 2001

Concrete Roughness Characterization Using Laser Profilometry For Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Sheet Application, Norbert H. Maerz, Poornima Chepur, John J. Myers, Justin Linz

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The failure of a reinforced concrete member strengthened with fiberreinforced polymer (FRP) laminates may be caused by crushing of concrete, rupture of FRP laminates, or delamination of the FRP sheet. Therefore, the effectiveness and failure mode of FRP sheets applied to beams and columns is related to the degree of adhesion of the epoxy to the concrete surface. When a peeling or delamination failure can be avoided, a more effective engagement of the FRP sheet occurs, which results in more efficient use of the material. One of the principal factors affecting the bond behavior between the concrete and epoxy is …

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A Case Study Of The Beneficial Reuse Of Treated Groundwater, Andrew Curtis Elmore, Thomas Graff Jan 2001

A Case Study Of The Beneficial Reuse Of Treated Groundwater, Andrew Curtis Elmore, Thomas Graff

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The future disposal of treated groundwater at the former Nebraska Ordnance Plant (NOP) Superfund site has been a topic of interest to the local property owners, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the local regulatory agencies. The Record of Decision for the site includes the extraction, treatment, and disposal of almost 3,000 gpm of groundwater with an estimated restoration time period exceeding 100 years. Interest from property owners and the Nebraska agency charged with regulating groundwater supply prompted the Corps of Engineers to consider several strategies for beneficially reusing the treated water. Alternatives included the establishment of a rural …

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Design And Installation Of Horizontal Wick Drains For Landslide Stabilization, Paul Michael Santi, C. Dale Elifrits, J. A. Liljegren Jan 2001

Design And Installation Of Horizontal Wick Drains For Landslide Stabilization, Paul Michael Santi, C. Dale Elifrits, J. A. Liljegren

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

One of the most effective options to stabilize landslides is to reduce the amount of water they contain by installing horizontal drains. A new type of horizontal drain material, geosynthetic wick drains, and a new installation method, driving drains rather than drilling them, were evaluated. Horizontal wick drains offer several advantages over conventional horizontal drains: They resist clogging, are inexpensive, may be deformed without rupture, and may be installed by unskilled laborers with a minimal investment in equipment. More than 100 drains were installed at eight sites in Missouri, Colorado, and Indiana using bulldozers, backhoes, and standard wick drain-driving cranes. …

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Dynamic Resource Allocation For Network Echo Cancellation, T. Gansler, J. Benesty, M. Mohan Sondhi, Steven L. Grant Jan 2001

Dynamic Resource Allocation For Network Echo Cancellation, T. Gansler, J. Benesty, M. Mohan Sondhi, Steven L. Grant

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Network echo canceler chips are designed to handle several channels simultaneously. With the processing speeds now available, a single chip might handle several hundred channels. In current implementations, however, the adaptation algorithm is designed for a single channel, and the computations are replicated N c times, where N c is the number of channels. With such an implementation, the computational requirement is N c times the peak load for a single channel. The number of computations required in each channel, however, varies widely over time. Therefore, a considerable reduction in computational load can be achieved by designing the system for …

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Estimation Of Printed Circuit Board Power Bus Noise At Resonance Using A Simple Transmission Line Model, H. Hu, Todd H. Hubing, Thomas Van Doren Jan 2001

Estimation Of Printed Circuit Board Power Bus Noise At Resonance Using A Simple Transmission Line Model, H. Hu, Todd H. Hubing, Thomas Van Doren

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The maximum coupling between printed circuit board components connected to the same power-ground plane pair often occurs at or near power bus resonances. Theoretically, the transfer coefficient, S 21 , between two locations on the power bus can be as high as 0dB (i.e. perfect coupling) near resonant frequencies. However, in practice the coupling is usually much less due to losses in the power bus structure. Determining exactly what the maximum coupling will be in a lossy power bus structure requires a numerical model or measurement. However, an estimation of the maximum coupling can be obtained by drawing an analogy …

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Experiments On Adaptive Techniques For Host-Based Intrusion Detection, Timothy Draelos, Michael Collins, David Duggan, Edward Thomas, Donald C. Wunsch Jan 2001

Experiments On Adaptive Techniques For Host-Based Intrusion Detection, Timothy Draelos, Michael Collins, David Duggan, Edward Thomas, Donald C. Wunsch

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This research explores four experiments of adaptive host-based intrusion detection (ID) techniques in an attempt to develop systems that can detect novel exploits. The technique considered to have the most potential is adaptive critic designs (ACDs) because of their utilization of reinforcement learning, which allows learning exploits that are difficult to pinpoint in sensor data. Preliminary results of ID using an ACD, an Elman recurrent neural network, and a statistical anomaly detection technique demonstrate an ability to learn to distinguish between clean and exploit data. We used the Solaris Basic Security Module (BSM) as a data source and performed considerable …

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High-Power Microwave Wideband Random Signal Measurement And Narrowband Signal Detection Against The Noise Background, Marina Koledintseva, Alexander A. Kitaytsev, V. A. Konkin Jan 2001

High-Power Microwave Wideband Random Signal Measurement And Narrowband Signal Detection Against The Noise Background, Marina Koledintseva, Alexander A. Kitaytsev, V. A. Konkin

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A method of both measurement of power parameters of a microwave wideband intense random signal and detection of a narrow-band signal with unknown frequency and power against a background of this wideband signal is presented. This method is based on nonheterodyne frequency and power conversion using a gyromagnetic converter that operates in two regimes: resonance detection and cross-multiplication. The wideband spectrum envelope of a random signal is visualized, and by switching two regimes and using correspondent filtration of the converted RF signal, the narrowband signals can be detected and measured. The block-scheme and operation of a two-channel measuring device combining …

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Measurement And Monitoring Of Microwave Reflection And Transmission Properties Of Cement-Based Specimens, Sergey Kharkovsky, M. F. Akay, U. C. Hasar, C. D. Atis Jan 2001

Measurement And Monitoring Of Microwave Reflection And Transmission Properties Of Cement-Based Specimens, Sergey Kharkovsky, M. F. Akay, U. C. Hasar, C. D. Atis

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The results of measurement and monitoring of reflection and transmission properties of cement-based specimens (blocks of mortar, concrete) during long time of their service lives, including hydration process, and different curing conditions at microwave frequencies (X-band) are presented. A simple and inexpensive measurement system that utilizes the nondestructive and contactless free space method is used. Dependencies of the reflection and transmission coefficients on water-to-cement ratio, preparing and curing conditions of the specimens are demonstrated. It is shown that the reflection coefficient is approximately stable after hydration process while the transmission coefficient changes during long time of the specimen''s service life. …

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Dynamics Of Polyacrylates In Concentrated Chloroform Solutions, Frank D. Blum, Raj B. Durairaj Jan 2001

Dynamics Of Polyacrylates In Concentrated Chloroform Solutions, Frank D. Blum, Raj B. Durairaj

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The dynamics of polymers in polymer solutions have not been probed in great enough detail to provide a coherent picture of the behavior of these polymers, especially in more concentrated solutions. To help understand this behavior further, we have prepared a series of backbone-labeled polymers including poly(n-butyl acrylate)-d1 (PNBA). These provide a basis for comparison of the behavior among a group of related polymers. The dynamics have been probed by using deuterium relaxation times. Since the relaxation times are relatively fast and the quadrupolar relaxation mechanism is well understood, data from this technique provide a convenient means for comparison of …

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Glass Transition Behavior Of Pmma Thin Films, Moses T. Kabomo, Frank D. Blum Jan 2001

Glass Transition Behavior Of Pmma Thin Films, Moses T. Kabomo, Frank D. Blum

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the last decade there has been an increased interest in the study of the properties of supported thin polymer films. This has been prompted by the incorporation of thin films into device applications and many other technologies. Although not without controversy, a large body of experimental work indicates departures from bulk behavior by thin films. Strong evidence from both theoretical and experimental work shows that the interaction of polymer with a substrate alters the polymer conformation and mobility. A variety of techniques has been employed to probe the mobility of thin supported polymer films. Some of these techniques indirectly …

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Graduated Segmental Mobility In Polymer Layers On Silica, Frank D. Blum, Crystal E. Porter, Wuu-Yung Lin Jan 2001

Graduated Segmental Mobility In Polymer Layers On Silica, Frank D. Blum, Crystal E. Porter, Wuu-Yung Lin

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The behavior of thin polymer layers on oxide substrates has gotten a great deal of attention as the size of materials, and hence polymer films, has gotten smaller. Indeed, the properties of adsorbed polymers are such that they can be different from those of bulk polymers, especially when the films are very thin. A wide variety of studies have been made on adsorbed polymers and sometimes the results seem contradictory. One of the properties often measured in thin films is the apparent glasstransition temperature, Tg. In principle, many techniques are sensitive to phenomenological changes occurring around Tg and, therefore, can …

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Multi-Level Voltage-Source Duty-Cycle Modulation: Analysis And Implementation, Keith Corzine, J. R. Baker Jan 2001

Multi-Level Voltage-Source Duty-Cycle Modulation: Analysis And Implementation, Keith Corzine, J. R. Baker

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Multi-level converters have become increasingly popular due to high power quality, high-voltage capability, low switching losses, and low EMC concerns. Considering these advantages, the multi-level converter is a suitable candidate for implementation of future naval ship propulsion systems. This paper focuses on modulation techniques for the multi-level converter. In particular, a novel voltage-source method of multi-level modulation is introduced and compared to existing methods. The proposed method is discrete in nature and can therefore be readily implemented on a digital signal processor (DSP). The method is also readily extendable to any number of voltage levels. Results of experimental implementation are …

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Thermal Analysis Of Ultrathin Ps-R-Pmma Copolymer Films On Silica, Bing Zhang, Frank D. Blum Jan 2001

Thermal Analysis Of Ultrathin Ps-R-Pmma Copolymer Films On Silica, Bing Zhang, Frank D. Blum

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Composite materials represent a major part of man-made materials that are used in many applications. The interaction of polymers with surfaces plays a crucial role in the final properties of these materials and, by understanding the surface processes and adsorption mechanisms, better systems can be designed. Therefore, the behavior of polymer molecules at interfaces has been the topic of many studies in recent years and a rough picture has been obtained. Keddie et al. Obtained experimental results showing the dependence of the glass transition temperature (Tg) on the thickness of supported polystyrene films using ellipsometry. Later, they also investigated supported …

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Dual Heuristic Programming Excitation Neurocontrol For Generators In A Multimachine Power System, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, Donald C. Wunsch, Ronald G. Harley Jan 2001

Dual Heuristic Programming Excitation Neurocontrol For Generators In A Multimachine Power System, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, Donald C. Wunsch, Ronald G. Harley

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The design of optimal neurocontrollers that replace the conventional automatic voltage regulators for excitation control of turbogenerators in a multimachine power system is presented in this paper. The neurocontroller design is based on dual heuristic programming (DHP), a powerful adaptive critic technique. The feedback variables are completely based on local measurements from the generators. Simulations on a three-machine power system demonstrate that DHP based neurocontrol is much more effective than the conventional PID control for improving dynamic performance and stability of the power grid under small and large disturbances. This paper also shows how to design optimal multiple neurocontrollers for …

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Dynamic Re-Optimization Of A Fed-Batch Fermentor Using Adaptive Critic Designs, Donald C. Wunsch, M. S. Iyer Jan 2001

Dynamic Re-Optimization Of A Fed-Batch Fermentor Using Adaptive Critic Designs, Donald C. Wunsch, M. S. Iyer

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Traditionally, fed-batch biochemical process optimization and control uses complicated off-line optimizers, with no online model adaptation or re-optimization. This study demonstrates the applicability of a class of adaptive critic designs for online re-optimization and control of an aerobic fed-batch fermentor. Specifically, the performance of an entire class of adaptive critic designs, viz., heuristic dynamic programming, dual heuristic programming and generalized dual heuristic programming, was demonstrated to be superior to that of a heuristic random optimizer, on optimization of a fed-batch fermentor operation producing monoclonal antibodies

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Millimeter Wave Oscillator Based Dielectric Hemisphere With Cylinder Shield, Sergey Kharkovsky, A. E. Kogut, V. V. Kutuzov Jan 2001

Millimeter Wave Oscillator Based Dielectric Hemisphere With Cylinder Shield, Sergey Kharkovsky, A. E. Kogut, V. V. Kutuzov

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The purpose of this paper is the investigation of the main Gunn diode oscillator characteristics with a hemispherical dielectric resonator which is shielded by a metal cylinder. The frequency, output power and electronic tuning of frequency, the steepness of which allows one to estimate the frequency stability in relation to the parasitic change of the Gunn diode voltage, and their comparative analysis with the characteristics of generation in a similar open dielectric resonator.

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Numerical Modelling Of Whispering Gallery Modes In Parallel-Plates Type Cylindrical Anisotropic Dielectric Resonators, Yu Prokopenko, Sergey Kharkovsky, M. F. Akay Jan 2001

Numerical Modelling Of Whispering Gallery Modes In Parallel-Plates Type Cylindrical Anisotropic Dielectric Resonators, Yu Prokopenko, Sergey Kharkovsky, M. F. Akay

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A parallel-plates-type cylindrical anisotropic dielectric resonator (DR) with whispering gallery modes (WGMs) has been investigated. Numerical modelling of the resonance frequencies, Q-factors and the electric field filling factors of the isotropic and anisotropic DR are presented. Applications of the results for sensing purposes are discussed.

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Using Flash Animations And 3d Rendering To Increase The Effectiveness Of Instructional Software, Timothy A. Philpot Jan 2001

Using Flash Animations And 3d Rendering To Increase The Effectiveness Of Instructional Software, Timothy A. Philpot

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Animation and three-dimensional rendering software offers exciting new capabilities that can enhance engineering instructional material. Using these software tools, instructional media can escape the static two-dimensional confines of the printed page or the classroom blackboard. This work-in-progress describes a project to develop instructional material for a Mechanics of Materials course. The paper presents examples of instructional animations, discusses software development tools used to create the animations and discusses early student reaction to the multimedia presentations

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Applying The Method Of Moments And The Partial Element Equivalent Circuit Modeling Techniques To A Special Challenge Problem Of A Pc Board With Long Wires Attached, Yun Ji, Bruce Archambeault, Todd H. Hubing Jan 2001

Applying The Method Of Moments And The Partial Element Equivalent Circuit Modeling Techniques To A Special Challenge Problem Of A Pc Board With Long Wires Attached, Yun Ji, Bruce Archambeault, Todd H. Hubing

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper investigates a canonical printed circuit board (PCB) problem using both a method of moments (MoM) and a partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) modeling technique. The problem consists of a PCB populated with three traces. One trace is a signal line and the other two are I/O lines that couple to the signal line and extend beyond the boundary of the board. Although the MoM code was a frequency domain code and the PEEC code was a time-domain code, good agreement was achieved in both the time-domain and the frequency-domain

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Detection And Classification Of Impact-Induced Damage In Composite Plates Using Neural Networks, Rohit Dua, Steve Eugene Watkins, Donald C. Wunsch, K. Chandrashekhara, Farhad Akhavan Jan 2001

Detection And Classification Of Impact-Induced Damage In Composite Plates Using Neural Networks, Rohit Dua, Steve Eugene Watkins, Donald C. Wunsch, K. Chandrashekhara, Farhad Akhavan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Artificial neutral networks (ANN) can be used as an online health monitoring systems (involving damage assessment, fatigue monitoring and delamination detection) for composite structures owing to their inherent fast computing speeds, parallel processing and ability to learn and adapt to the experimental data. The amount of impact-induced strain on a composite structure can be found using strain sensors attached to composite structures. Prior work has shown that strain-based ANN can characterize impact energy on composite plates and that strain signatures can be associated with damage types and severity. This paper reports the extension of this approach for damage classification using …

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Volume Management In San Environment, Chang-Soo Kim, Gyoung-Bae Kim, Bum-Joo Shin Jan 2001

Volume Management In San Environment, Chang-Soo Kim, Gyoung-Bae Kim, Bum-Joo Shin

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Logical volume managers have long been key components of a storage system. Their key features are creation of logical or virtual views of physical storage devices and support for various software RAID levels. These make it possible to overcome the limits to capacity, availability and performance of a physical storage device. Most logical volume managers are operated in a single system environment. They are not adequate for SAN (storage area network) environments where several hosts share and access a logical volume at the same time. Some recent logical volume managers are run in a multi-host environment. However, they cannot support …

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Guides And Specifications For The Use Of Composites In Concrete And Masonry Construction In North America, Antonio Nanni Jan 2001

Guides And Specifications For The Use Of Composites In Concrete And Masonry Construction In North America, Antonio Nanni

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper covers the latest developments in the preparation of design guidelines, construction specifications, and inspection and quality control recommendations related to the use of composites in construction. The forms of FRP composites addressed are limited to bars and laminates for reinforcement of concrete and masonry structures (new construction and repair/rehabilitation). FRP bars are being used as the internal reinforcement in concrete members when the conventional steel bars may be undesirable for a host of reasons (e.g., corrosion), and principles for design and construction have been established and proposed to industry by the American Concrete Institute (ACI). Conversely, strengthening of …

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Composites In Construction: Present Situation And Priorities For Future Research, Antonio Nanni, Edoardo Cosenza, Gaetano Manfredi, Andrea Prota Jan 2001

Composites In Construction: Present Situation And Priorities For Future Research, Antonio Nanni, Edoardo Cosenza, Gaetano Manfredi, Andrea Prota

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper was written at the conclusion of the International Workshop titled "Composites for Construction: A Reality," held in Capri, Italy, July 20-21, 2001. Its objective is to collect and summarize main ideas, opinions, evaluations, and proposals that emerged during the discussions held by the participants at break-up and general sessions. For simplicity, the reporting follows the order of such sessions and includes elements from the general sessions when applicable. The paper is intended to help professionals and scientists interested in the study and implementation of composites for the built infrastructure by providing a vivid snapshot of the state-of-the-art situation, …

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Permeability Performance Of High-Performance Concrete Subjected To Various Curing Regimes, John J. Myers Jan 2001

Permeability Performance Of High-Performance Concrete Subjected To Various Curing Regimes, John J. Myers

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Concrete technology has continued to advance throughout the years to meet the demands of designers and innovative structural systems. Traditionally, the most common means to specify durable concrete has been via specifying a maximum water-to-cementitious material ratio or a minimum cement content. With the advent of high-performance concrete (HPC), which often has higher contents of cementitious materials and a variety of admixtures, questions about permeability performance and alternative methods to specify durable concrete have arisen. The study conducted herein comments on the applicability of prescriptive specifications for HPC and investigates the influence of curing regimes and concrete temperature development during …

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Robust Control Of Input Limited Smart Structural Systems, Sridhar Sana, Vittal S. Rao Jan 2001

Robust Control Of Input Limited Smart Structural Systems, Sridhar Sana, Vittal S. Rao

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Integration of controllers with smart structural systems require the controllers to consume less power and to be small in hardware size. These requirements pose as limits on the control input and the order of the controllers. Use of reduced order model of the plant in the controller design can cause spill over problems in the closed-loop system due to possible excitation of the unmodeled dynamics. In this paper, we present a method to design output feedback robust controllers for smart structures in the presence of control input limits considering unmodeled dynamics as additive uncertainty in the design. The performance requirements …

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Investigation Of Quantum Resistor Networks For Electron Wave Computing, Diwakar Ramamurthy Jan 2001

Investigation Of Quantum Resistor Networks For Electron Wave Computing, Diwakar Ramamurthy

Masters Theses

A new computing methodology using electron waves has been developed with three and four terminal Quantum Resistor Networks as the basic computational structure. Transmission probability matrices for these networks were derived from first principles from which the behavior of single and simultaneously incident electron waves have been accurately evaluated. Classification and scaling laws have also been provided according to their transmission behavior. Techniques for constructing devices from these networks analogous to the logic gates used in digital computing today have been explained. Numerous examples of such devices performing functions like Inversion, OR, and AND have been provided. The operating principles …

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