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Articles 11911 - 11940 of 21751

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Control Interaction Mitigation For The Unified Power Flow Controller, Liangying Dong, Mariesa Crow Oct 2005

Control Interaction Mitigation For The Unified Power Flow Controller, Liangying Dong, Mariesa Crow

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper establishes that dynamic interactions can occur between multiple UPFCs installed in power systems. The existence of the dynamic interactions can adversely affect the overall system performance and lead to system instability. This paper identifies two types of interactions among FACTS controllers: low frequency inter-area interaction and high frequency controller interactions. Several control approaches are proposed to mitigate these interactions. The IEEE New England 10-machine 39-bus system is used to demonstrate the existence of the control interactions and illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed interaction mitigation controls.

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Evaluation Of Microwave Reflection Properties Of Cyclically Soaked Mortar Based On A Semiempirical Electromagnetic Model, Shanup Peer, K. E. Kurtis, R. Zoughi Oct 2005

Evaluation Of Microwave Reflection Properties Of Cyclically Soaked Mortar Based On A Semiempirical Electromagnetic Model, Shanup Peer, K. E. Kurtis, R. Zoughi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Detection of chloride ingress and evaluation of its distribution and temporal movement in reinforced concrete structures is an important practical issue. Steel reinforcing bars embedded in good quality concrete are normally protected from corrosion. However, the presence of a sufficient concentration of free chloride ions in the region of the reinforcing steel can initiate the process of corrosion. Therefore, it is important to be able to detect ingress of chloride ions and their distribution in cement-based materials. Moreover, it is important to obtain this information nondestructively. In recent years, near-field microwave nondestructive evaluation methods, using open-ended rectangular waveguide probes, have …

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Application Of Transmission Line Models To Backpanel Plated Through-Hole Via Design, Shaowei Deng, Todd H. Hubing, James L. Drewniak, Jun Fan, James L. Knighten, Norman W. Smith Oct 2005

Application Of Transmission Line Models To Backpanel Plated Through-Hole Via Design, Shaowei Deng, Todd H. Hubing, James L. Drewniak, Jun Fan, James L. Knighten, Norman W. Smith

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper introduces an approach of using a plated through-hole (PTH) via transmission-line model in the design of a thick printed circuit board, such as a backpanel. Full wave FEM modeling of a section of backpanel containing a differential via pair was compared with a transmission model. Computed values of the differential transmission loss agreed within an acceptable range for engineering studies, yet the transmission line model results required less than 2% of the computation time that the full wave model required. Effects of via spacing, via diameter and trace thickness were also examined.

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Upfc Control Employing Gradient Descent Search, William M. Siever, Radha P. Kalyani, Mariesa Crow, Daniel R. Tauritz Oct 2005

Upfc Control Employing Gradient Descent Search, William M. Siever, Radha P. Kalyani, Mariesa Crow, Daniel R. Tauritz

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Increasing demand coupled with limitations on new construction indicate that existing power transmission must be better controlled in order to continue reliable operation. Recent advances in FACTS devices provide a mechanism to better control power flow on the transmission network. One particular device, the unified power flow controller (UPFC), holds the most promise for maintaining operation even when the system has suffered partial failure (either naturally occurring, due to human error, or a malicious attack). In addition to the capital cost, the primary obstacles to widespread UPFC use are the combined problems of selecting the most cost effective locations for …

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Effect Of Baceo3 And Basno3 Additives On Microstructural Development And Critical Current Density Of Melt Textured Yba2cu3o7-X, Oratai Jongprateep, Fatih Dogan, Michael Strasik, Kevin E. Mccrary Sep 2005

Effect Of Baceo3 And Basno3 Additives On Microstructural Development And Critical Current Density Of Melt Textured Yba2cu3o7-X, Oratai Jongprateep, Fatih Dogan, Michael Strasik, Kevin E. Mccrary

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Improvement of superconducting properties, such as critical current density Jc and trapped magnetic field, of melt textured YBa2Cu3O7-x (Y123) require introducing of effective pinning sites, e.g., nonsuperconducting inclusions, twin boundaries and other defects. It has been shown that addition of small quantities of BaCeO3 (< 0.5 wt.%) into Y123 results in an increase of the J/sub c/. However, higher cerium concentrations affect the solidification process and inhibit the growth of melt textured Y123 single crystals. In this study, the effect of BaCeO/sub 3/ additions on the growth and microstructural development of melt textured Y123 single crystals were investigated. The relationship between the solidification kinetics, microstructural development and superconducting properties of Y123 melt textured single crystals with cerium additives is discussed.

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Polymer-Mediated Synthesis Of Highly Dispersed Pt Nanoparticles On Carbon Black, Min Chen, Yangchuan Xing Sep 2005

Polymer-Mediated Synthesis Of Highly Dispersed Pt Nanoparticles On Carbon Black, Min Chen, Yangchuan Xing

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A new method was developed to prepare highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles on carbon black to use as proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell catalysts. This method involves using a polymer, poly-(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), to prevent particle aggregation and thereby reduce nanoparticle sizes to achieve high dispersion. It was found that Pt nanoparticles mediated by PVP are smaller than those obtained without PVP and have a narrower size distribution. Well-dispersed Pt nanoparticles with metal loadings from 5 to 35 wt % were obtained on carbon black (Vulcan XC-72R). It was found that well-dispersed Pt nanoparticles on carbon black could be synthesized at …

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Structured Object-Oriented Co-Analysis/Co-Design Of Hardware/Software For The Facts Powers System, Matt Ryan, Sojan Markose, Xiaoqing Frank Liu, Bruce M. Mcmillin Sep 2005

Structured Object-Oriented Co-Analysis/Co-Design Of Hardware/Software For The Facts Powers System, Matt Ryan, Sojan Markose, Xiaoqing Frank Liu, Bruce M. Mcmillin

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

There are several approaches to the hardware/software design in embedded systems, ranging from the traditional sequential methods which focus on the determination of the hardware architecture prior to software design, to newer object-oriented approaches that attempt to apply software engineering methods to hardware design without a systematic process. This paper discusses a structured object-oriented methodology for the integrated co-analysis and co-design of hardware/software systems using an extended high order object-oriented modeling technique (HOOMT). This methodology offers a uniform method for hardware and software developers to jointly develop the specifications for and partitioning of the hardware and software components of a …

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Experimental Evaluation Of The Strength And Behaviour Of 16- And 18-Gauge Cold Formed Steel Top Track Systems, J. L. Dawe Sep 2005

Experimental Evaluation Of The Strength And Behaviour Of 16- And 18-Gauge Cold Formed Steel Top Track Systems, J. L. Dawe

American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)

No abstract provided.

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Cold-Formed Steel Walls With Fiberboard Sheathing - Shear Wall Testing, Nahb Research Center, Inc. Sep 2005

Cold-Formed Steel Walls With Fiberboard Sheathing - Shear Wall Testing, Nahb Research Center, Inc.

American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)

No abstract provided.

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The Processing, Mechanical Properties And Bioactivity Of Zinc Based Glass Ionomer Cements, D. Boyd, Mark R. Towler Sep 2005

The Processing, Mechanical Properties And Bioactivity Of Zinc Based Glass Ionomer Cements, D. Boyd, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The suitability of Glass Ionomer Cements (GICs) for use in orthopaedics is retarded by the presence in the glass phase of aluminium, a neurotoxin. Unfortunately, the aluminium ion plays an integral role in the setting process of a GIC and its absence is likely to hinder cement formation. However, zinc oxide, a bacteriocide, can act both as a network modifying oxide and an intermediate oxide in a similar fashion to alumina and so ternary systems based on zinc silicates often have extensive regions of glass formation. The purpose of this research was to produce novel GICs based on calcium zinc …

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Exfoliated Graphite Nanofibers For Hydrogen Storage, Angela D. Lueking, Ling Pan, Deepa L. Narayanan, Caroline E. Burgess Clifford Sep 2005

Exfoliated Graphite Nanofibers For Hydrogen Storage, Angela D. Lueking, Ling Pan, Deepa L. Narayanan, Caroline E. Burgess Clifford

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Exfoliation of graphite nanofibers (GNF) expands the interplanar spacing of the GNF, which leads to increased hydrogen storage. Hydrogen uptake measurements at 20 bar indicated that the overall hydrogen uptake and operative adsorption temperature are sensitive to the structural variations and graphitic spacing. The increased surface area of the EGNF-1000 led to a 1.2% hydrogen uptake at 77 K and 20 bar, a three-fold increase in hydrogen physisorption of the starting material. These results suggested that selective exfoliation of a nanofiber is a means by which to control the relative binding energy of the hydrogen interaction with the carbon structure …

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Review Of Multiple Input Dc-Dc Converters For Electric And Hybrid Vehicles, Krishna P. Yalamanchili, Mehdi Ferdowsi Sep 2005

Review Of Multiple Input Dc-Dc Converters For Electric And Hybrid Vehicles, Krishna P. Yalamanchili, Mehdi Ferdowsi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Batteries, ultra capacitors, fuel cells, and solar arrays are widely used in electric and hybrid vehicles (EVs/HVs) as an electric power source or an energy storage unit. In the structure of the electric power system of modern EVs/HVs, more than one of these units may be employed to improve the performance and efficiency; hence utilization of a multi-input DC-DC converter is inevitable to obtain a regulated bus DC voltage. In this paper, a review of multiple input DC-DC power electronic converters (MI-PEC) devoted to combine the power flow from several on-board energy sources of an EV/HV is presented. Several multi-input …

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Review Of Digital Control Techniques For Automotive Dc-Dc Converters, Dwaraka S. Padimiti, Mehdi Ferdowsi Sep 2005

Review Of Digital Control Techniques For Automotive Dc-Dc Converters, Dwaraka S. Padimiti, Mehdi Ferdowsi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Electric and hybrid electric vehicles need a power plant that includes dc-dc converters. While using these converters, their control plays an important role in the overall performance of the vehicle. Due to their several drawbacks including poor communications, analog control schemes are not suitable for the automotive industry, whereas digital control methods successfully meet the demands. Various types of digital control techniques for dc-dc converters are studied and classified in this paper. The drawbacks and advantages of each method are described.

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Modeling Catalytic Trickle-Bed And Upflow Packed-Bed Reactors For Wet Air Oxidation Of Phenol With Phase Change, Jing Guo, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan Aug 2005

Modeling Catalytic Trickle-Bed And Upflow Packed-Bed Reactors For Wet Air Oxidation Of Phenol With Phase Change, Jing Guo, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In This Study, to Simulate the Steady-State Behavior of Packed-Bed Reactors for Catalytic Wet Oxidation of Phenol, One-Dimensional (1D) Axial Dispersion Model for the Liquid Phase is Coupled with a Cell Stack Model for the Gas Phase, Providing Considerable Phase Change under the Selected Operating Conditions. the Reactor Scale Governing Equations, Reaction Kinetics Involved, and Solution Strategy Are Discussed. the Computational Approach Accounts for the Observed Catalyst Activities, Combined with Local Transport and Catalyst Wetting Effects. the Approach Selected is Shown to Be Suitable and Efficient in Dealing with the Problem in Question. Comparisons of Simulated Model Predictions and Lab …

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Nonhydrostatic And Nonlinear Contributions To The Energy Flux Budget In Nonlinear Internal Waves, S. K. Venayagamoorthy, O. B. Fringer Aug 2005

Nonhydrostatic And Nonlinear Contributions To The Energy Flux Budget In Nonlinear Internal Waves, S. K. Venayagamoorthy, O. B. Fringer

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We use high-resolution two-dimensional simulations to model the generation, and evolution of nonlinear internal waves formed as a result of the interaction of a first-mode internal wave field with idealized slopes. The derivation of the energy equation and the energy flux terms are presented. By employing an analysis of the distribution of the energy flux across the shelf break, we quantify the contributions to the energy flux budget from nonhydrostatic as well as nonlinear effects in comparison to the contribution from the baroclinic pressure anomaly term used widely for linear internal waves. Our results show that the contributions to the …

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Flow Distribution Characteristics Of A Gas-Liquid Monolith Reactor, Shaibal Roy, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan Aug 2005

Flow Distribution Characteristics Of A Gas-Liquid Monolith Reactor, Shaibal Roy, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Flow Distribution Characteristics in a 0.05 M Diameter Monolith Reactor, Operated Co-Current Downward in the Taylor Flow Regime, Was Investigated and Quantified using Gamma Ray Computed Tomography (CT). the Results Indicate that the Flow Distribution is a Strong Function of Liquid Distributor Design, and Gas and Liquid Superficial Velocities. Additionally, within the Range of Gas and Liquid Superficial Velocities Investigated, a Window of Operating Condition (Gas and Liquid Velocities) Was Identified Which Resulted in a Close to Uniform Phase Distribution. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All Rights Reserved.

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Modular Communication System, Stephen O. Bozzone, Bonnie Bachman, Ryan Nilsen Aug 2005

Modular Communication System, Stephen O. Bozzone, Bonnie Bachman, Ryan Nilsen

Economics Faculty Research & Creative Works

A modular communication system (10) can include an adaptable communication module (12) having a transceiver (13) coupled to a processor (14) and memory (20), and a first interface block (24) coupled to the processor, and a host device (30) having a power source (36), a user interface (34), and a second interface block (46). The host device can be among a plurality of host devices having different user interfaces and the processor is adaptable to control the different user interfaces when the first interface block recognizes the second interface block. The module can further include a DSP (16) and a …

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Novel Distributed Cable Sensors For Detection Of Cracks In Rc Structures, Genda Chen, David Pommerenke Aug 2005

Novel Distributed Cable Sensors For Detection Of Cracks In Rc Structures, Genda Chen, David Pommerenke

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, the development of a fundamentally new, topology-based cable sensor design concept is summarized for crack detection in reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The sensitivity, spatial resolution, and signal loss of sensors are investigated both numerically and experimentally. Two sensors were fabricated and validated with small- and large-scale laboratory tests under different loads. Both were proven sensitive to crack of various sizes from visually undetectable to excessive, giving the location and severity of damage simultaneously. One sensor has been installed on a three-span bridge for its long-term monitoring. It is capable of recording damage that has occurred during a …

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Workpiece Alignment For Hybrid Laser Aided Part Repair Process, Ajay Panackal Padathu, Todd E. Sparks, Frank W. Liou Aug 2005

Workpiece Alignment For Hybrid Laser Aided Part Repair Process, Ajay Panackal Padathu, Todd E. Sparks, Frank W. Liou

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Work piece alignment is a key issue for hybrid laser aided part repair,a process utilizing both machining and laser deposition.Proper alignment can greatly improve the accuracy of the repair process.This paper introduces a method for aligning a physical work piece and a CAD model using a Renis aw touch probe and software tools. Also discussed is a model for computing 5-axis CNC positions based on a desired work piece orientation.

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Dynamic Modeling Of Slurry Bubble Column Reactors, Novica Rados, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan, Milorad P. Duduković Aug 2005

Dynamic Modeling Of Slurry Bubble Column Reactors, Novica Rados, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan, Milorad P. Duduković

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Multicomponent, One-Dimensional, and Compartment-Based Dynamic Model Developed by Rados Et Al. (Catal. Today 2003, 79-80, 211-218) Has Been Used to Study the Performance of Slurry Bubble Columns Operated with Two Chemical Reaction Systems. One Reaction Causes Contraction in the Gas-Phase Volume, and the Other Causes Expansion. the Change in the Gas Flow Rate (Expansion or Contraction) Along the Reactor as a Result of the Chemical Reaction Kinetics is Accounted for by the overall Mass Balance of the Gas Phase Represented by Large and Small Bubbles. the Importance of Properly Accounting for the Change in the Gas Flow Rate Has …

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Determination Of Dynamic Powder Modeling Parameters Via Optical Methods, Todd E. Sparks, Heng Pan, Frank W. Liou Aug 2005

Determination Of Dynamic Powder Modeling Parameters Via Optical Methods, Todd E. Sparks, Heng Pan, Frank W. Liou

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Dynamic parameters, such as restitution and friction coefficients are important for powder flow simulations of laser based deposition processes. These parameters are difficult to find, especially for industrial metal powders. This paper introduces an optical method for measuring restitution and friction coefficients. The free falling powder flow was illuminated by a laser sheet. In order to obtain particle velocity, streaks proportional to particle velocities was generated by laser pulse obtained by a chopper. Recorded imaged were analyzed to determine particle velocities both before and after various impact conditions as well as impact parameters.

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Freeze-Form Extrusion Fabrication Of Ceramics, Tieshu Huang, Michael S. Mason, Greg Hilmas, Ming-Chuan Leu Aug 2005

Freeze-Form Extrusion Fabrication Of Ceramics, Tieshu Huang, Michael S. Mason, Greg Hilmas, Ming-Chuan Leu

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A novel, environmentally friendly solid freeform fabrication method called Freeze-form Extrusion Fabrication (FEF) has been developed for the fabrication of ceramic-based components. The method is based on deposition of ceramic pastes using water as the media. The ceramic solids loading can be 50 vol. % or higher and initial studies have focused on the use of aluminum oxide (Al2O3). The FEF system components and their interaction are examined, and the main process parameters affecting part geometry defined. 3-D shaped components have been fabricated by extrusion deposition of the ceramic paste in a layer-by-layer fashion. The feasibility …

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Sensitivity Analysis Of Process Parameters In Laser Deposition, Zhiqiang Fan, Kaushik Phatak, Frank W. Liou Aug 2005

Sensitivity Analysis Of Process Parameters In Laser Deposition, Zhiqiang Fan, Kaushik Phatak, Frank W. Liou

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In laser cladding with powder injection process, process output parameters, including melt pool temperature and melt pool dimensions, are critical for part quality. This paper uses simulation and experiments to investigate the effect of the process input parameters: laser power, powder mass flow rate, and scanning speed on the output parameters. Numerical simulations and experiments are conducted using a factorial design. The results are statistically analyzed to determine the significant factors and their interactions. The simulation results are compared to experimental results. The quantitative agreement/disagreement is discussed and further research is outlined.

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Part Repair Using A Hybrid Manufacturing System, Kunnayut Eiamsa-Ard, Hari Janardanan Nair, Lan Ren, Jianzhong Ruan, Todd E. Sparks, Frank W. Liou Aug 2005

Part Repair Using A Hybrid Manufacturing System, Kunnayut Eiamsa-Ard, Hari Janardanan Nair, Lan Ren, Jianzhong Ruan, Todd E. Sparks, Frank W. Liou

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Nowadays, part repair technology is gaining more interest from military and industries due to the benefit of cost reducing as well as time and energy saving. Traditionally, part repair is done in the repair department using welding process. The limitations of the traditional welding process are becoming more and more noticeable when the accuracy and reliability are required. Part repair process has been developed utilizing a hybrid manufacturing system, in which the laser aided deposition and CNC cutting processes are integrated. Part repair software is developed in order to facilitate the users. The system and the software elevate the repair …

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Multicomponent Flow-Transport-Reaction Modeling Of Trickle Bed Reactors: Application To Unsteady State Liquid Flow Modulation, M. R. Khadilkar, M. (Muthanna) H. Al-Dahhan, M. P. Duduković Aug 2005

Multicomponent Flow-Transport-Reaction Modeling Of Trickle Bed Reactors: Application To Unsteady State Liquid Flow Modulation, M. R. Khadilkar, M. (Muthanna) H. Al-Dahhan, M. P. Duduković

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A One-Dimensional Reactor and Catalyst Pellet Scale Flow-Transport-Reaction Model Utilizing the Multicomponent Stefan-Maxwell Formulation for Inter- and Intraphase Transport is Developed to Simulate Unsteady State Operation in Trickle Bed Reactors. the Governing Equations and Method of Solution Are Discussed. Results Are Presented for a Model Reaction System (Hydrogenation of A-Methylstyrene) under Gas Reactant Limiting Conditions, for Liquid Flow Modulation as a Test Case of Unsteady State Operation. Model Simulations Predict that Periodic Liquid Flow Modulation Can Alter the Supply of Liquid and Gaseous Reactants to the Catalyst and Result in Reactor Performance Enhancement above that Achieved in Steady State Operation. …

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Integral Channels In Metal Components And Fabrication Thereof, Rajiv S. Mishra Aug 2005

Integral Channels In Metal Components And Fabrication Thereof, Rajiv S. Mishra

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An internal channel in a metal body for use in applications where internal fluid flow within a metal body is desired, as in a heat exchanger. The internal channel is formed in the metal body by frictionally stirring with a pin plunged into the metal body, and traversing the metal body with the pin.

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Ccfss Technical Bulletin Fall 2005, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures Aug 2005

Ccfss Technical Bulletin Fall 2005, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures

CCFSS Technical Bulletins (1993 - 2020)

No abstract provided.

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Key Seismic Design Parameters: Steel And Wood Light-Frame Shear Walls, Coheen & Associates Structural Engineering Aug 2005

Key Seismic Design Parameters: Steel And Wood Light-Frame Shear Walls, Coheen & Associates Structural Engineering

American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)

No abstract provided.

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Determination Of Microwave Dielectric Properties Of Materials Using A Unique Application Of Embedded Modulated Scatterer Technique, Gabriel S. Freiburger, R. Zoughi Aug 2005

Determination Of Microwave Dielectric Properties Of Materials Using A Unique Application Of Embedded Modulated Scatterer Technique, Gabriel S. Freiburger, R. Zoughi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The embedded modulated scatterer technique has been investigated in the past as a means of determining the dielectric properties of a material of interest using an open-ended rectangular waveguide and an embedded PIN diode-loaded dipole probe. This technique has been further explored in a unique application utilizing the complex ratio of dynamic reflection coefficients for the two states of the modulated dipole probe. By utilizing this ratio, the calculation of dielectric properties becomes independent of measurement parameters such as distance, orientation, and location of the dipole probe relative to the waveguide radiator. This paper explores this unique application of the …

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A Three-Dimensional Fdtd Subgridding Method With Separate Spatial And Temporal Subgridding Interfaces, Kai Xiao, David Pommerenke, James L. Drewniak Aug 2005

A Three-Dimensional Fdtd Subgridding Method With Separate Spatial And Temporal Subgridding Interfaces, Kai Xiao, David Pommerenke, James L. Drewniak

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The idea of separating the spatial and temporal subgridding interfaces is introduced in this paper. Based on this idea, the spatial and temporal subgridding algorithms can be developed and analyzed separately. The spatial algorithm was given in the previous paper. In this paper, the temporal subgridding algorithm is described and the stability is illustrated by the analytical formulation of a one-dimensional model. An FDTD code that combines the spatial and temporal subgridding algorithms is implemented. Numerical test models are calculated to show the stability and accuracy of the proposed method.

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