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Articles 10411 - 10440 of 21775
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Network-Centric Localization In Manets Based On Particle Swarm Optimization, Raghavendra V. Kulkarni, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, Ann K. Miller, Cihan H. Dagli
Network-Centric Localization In Manets Based On Particle Swarm Optimization, Raghavendra V. Kulkarni, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, Ann K. Miller, Cihan H. Dagli
Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
There exist several application scenarios of mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) in which the nodes need to locate a target or surround it. Severe resource constraints in MANETs call for energy efficient target localization and collaborative navigation. Centralized control of MANET nodes is not an attractive solution due to its high network utilization that can result in congestions and delays. In nature, many colonies of biological species (such as a flock of birds) can achieve effective collaborative navigation without any centralized control. Particle swarm optimization (PSO), a popular swarm intelligence approach that models social dynamics of a biological swarm is …
Sr-2: A Hybrid Algorithm For The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem, Angel A. Juan, Javier Faulin, Josep Jorba, Barry Barrios, Scott Erwin Grasman
Sr-2: A Hybrid Algorithm For The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem, Angel A. Juan, Javier Faulin, Josep Jorba, Barry Barrios, Scott Erwin Grasman
Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
During the last decades a lot of work has been devoted to develop algorithms that can provide near-optimal solutions for the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP). Most of these algorithms are designed to minimize an objective function, subject to a set of constraints, which typically represents aprioristic costs. This approach provides adequate theoretical solutions, but they do not always fit real-life needs since there are some important costs and some routing constraints or desirable properties that cannot be easily modeled. In this paper, we present a new approach which combines the use of Monte Carlo simulation and parallel and grid …
Automated Near-Field Scanning To Identify Resonances, Giorgi Muchaidze, Huang Wei, Jin Min, Shao Peng, James L. Drewniak, David Pommerenke
Automated Near-Field Scanning To Identify Resonances, Giorgi Muchaidze, Huang Wei, Jin Min, Shao Peng, James L. Drewniak, David Pommerenke
Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Near-field scanning systems are a tool for rootcause ESD, EMI, and immunity analysis of electronic systems, as well as qualification methodology for ICs and modules. For emissions, they have developed into a standardized method. Development of universally accepted file formats for data exchange is on-going. Four main types of scanning have been implemented by this and other authors: Near-field EMI scanning, ESD scanning, radiated immunity scanning, and resonance scanning. This article concentrates on resonance scanning as a newly added method for automated EMC system analysis.
Innovative Composite Cold Formed Steel Floor Joist System, D. M. Fox, R. M. Schuster, M. Strickland
Innovative Composite Cold Formed Steel Floor Joist System, D. M. Fox, R. M. Schuster, M. Strickland
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Presented in this paper is a new, unique and innovative composite cold formed steel floor system developed by iSPAN Technologies, called the “iSPAN Composite Floor System”. The joist sections are fabricated by fastening two cold-rolled flange chord elements with cold-driven rivets to a flat web element. This makes it possible to create a section where the flange chord elements can be of a different steel thickness with respect to the web element, resulting in a most efficient structural cross section and numerous design alternatives. The joist sections have lip-reinforced web openings spaced at 4 ft o.c. along the joist length …
Experimental And Numerical Studies Of The Shear Behaviour Of Litesteel Beams, P. Keerthan, M. Mahendran
Experimental And Numerical Studies Of The Shear Behaviour Of Litesteel Beams, P. Keerthan, M. Mahendran
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
No abstract provided.
Vibration Performance Of Lightweight Floor Systems Supported By Cold-Formed Steel Joists, B. W. Davis, L. Xu
Vibration Performance Of Lightweight Floor Systems Supported By Cold-Formed Steel Joists, B. W. Davis, L. Xu
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
A study investigating dynamic characteristics of full-scale floor systems was performed for several laboratory-constructed and in situ floors. Floors were constructed with cold-formed steel joists and designed for residential mid-rise applications. Typical construction details including span, subfloor, topping, strongback and framing condition were varied, and their influence on fundamental frequency, damping ratio and deflection at mid-span compared. Changes in construction details which significantly increased floor mass, regardless of added stiffness, were found to lower the fundamental frequency. Adding a strongback with restrained ends provided a significant increase in fundamental frequency, stiffness and damping ratio. Laboratory tested floor systems were generally …
Flexural Behavior And Design Of The New Built-Up Litesteel Beams, Sivapathasunderam Jeyaragan, Mahen Mahendran
Flexural Behavior And Design Of The New Built-Up Litesteel Beams, Sivapathasunderam Jeyaragan, Mahen Mahendran
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
A new cold-formed steel beam, known as the LiteSteel Beam (LSB), has the potential to transform the low-rise building industry. The new beam is effectively a channel section with two rectangular hollow flanges and a slender web, and is manufactured using a simultaneous cold-forming and electric resistance welding process. Built-up LSB sections are expected to improve their flexural capacity and to increase their applications. They are also likely to mitigate the detrimental effects of lateral distortional buckling observed with single LSB members of intermediate spans. However, the behaviour of built-up beams is not well understood. Currently available design rules based …
The Verdaland Rissa Landslides — Application Of Case Histories In Education, G. Bæverfjord, Vikas Thakur
The Verdaland Rissa Landslides — Application Of Case Histories In Education, G. Bæverfjord, Vikas Thakur
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Trøndelag is a region in Mid-Norway with large deposits of quick and sensitive clays. Accordingly, the quick clay sliding activity in the region is rather high. The two best known cases are presented in this paper, the Verdal and the Rissa landslides. These slides have had a significant impact on the teaching and research at the Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU) and on how the communities and authorities relate to risk of new slides. The Geotechnical Group at NTNU has been working extensively with quick clay behaviour through decades, particularly on understanding the progressive failure mechanism and modelling …
Characterization Of Piedmont Residual Soil And Saprolite In Maryland, Eric M. Klein, Jennifer L. Trimble
Characterization Of Piedmont Residual Soil And Saprolite In Maryland, Eric M. Klein, Jennifer L. Trimble
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Residual soils in the Eastern Piedmont Physiographic province are difficult to characterize because of the unique mineralogy and development of the soils. They are derived in place by weathering of the underlying gneiss and schist bedrock, and are characterized by a gradual transition from soil to decomposed-rock to rock with no clear demarcation between the strata. The soils generally consist of low plasticity micaceous clayey silts, sandy silts and silty sands. It is often difficult to obtain undisturbed samples of these soils and Intermediate Geo-Materials, so most shear strength and compressibility properties are derived from experience or correlations with index …
Stabilization Of A 30 M High Riverbank In Canada With Nails, Plates And Roots, Michael Fabius, Myint Win Bo, Bernardo Villegas
Stabilization Of A 30 M High Riverbank In Canada With Nails, Plates And Roots, Michael Fabius, Myint Win Bo, Bernardo Villegas
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The natural river processes along a 30 m high riverbank of one of the largest tributaries to Lake Superior cause periodic landslides. After arresting toe erosion, local authorities needed to protect the infrastructure at the crest from further damage as the slope continued to flatten towards its long-term angle of repose. A long-term hazard management strategy was applied using the cautionary zone approach (CZA). Design criteria included a target safety factor, no construction impacts, no maintenance and a 75-year design life. The solution drew from 3 technologies: soil nails, laterally loaded piles and biotechnical stabilization. Steel nails, 35 mm diameter, …
Lessons To Be Learned From Surface Fault Ruptures In Iran Earthquakes, M. K. Jafari, S. M. Moosavi
Lessons To Be Learned From Surface Fault Ruptures In Iran Earthquakes, M. K. Jafari, S. M. Moosavi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Since Iran is one of the seismically active regions, and many lessons are embedded in the observations of surface ruptures of Iran earthquakes, the use of case histories as a basis for the development of both insights and engineering judgment is considered. In this paper, the importance of earthquake fault rupture hazards are presented, and illustrative examples are used to demonstrate how the hazards associated with surface fault rupture and lessons achieved from field studies are presented for implementing effective engineering designs to mitigate surface fault rupture hazards.
Deep Excavations In Hard Sandy Clays For Stations And Shafts Of The Athens Metro Stavros Extension, Richard Kulesza, Nikos Boussoulas, W. Allen Marr
Deep Excavations In Hard Sandy Clays For Stations And Shafts Of The Athens Metro Stavros Extension, Richard Kulesza, Nikos Boussoulas, W. Allen Marr
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A 26 m deep excavation in hard sandy clays for the Halandri Station of the Stavros Extension of Athens Metro was completed in 2001. The excavation supporting system and the areas outside the excavation were instrumented. During the design, a finite element analysis of stresses and displacements was performed using soil parameters developed from laboratory and in-situ testing. The measured displacements had a similar distribution with depth as the calculated displacements, but were significantly smaller. An extensive finite element back-analysis was performed, in which the input parameters were varied until the magnitude and the distribution with depth of calculated displacements …
Land Subsidence In Tehran District, Iran, Said Ghorbanbeigi, Jafar Naji Hamodi
Land Subsidence In Tehran District, Iran, Said Ghorbanbeigi, Jafar Naji Hamodi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Land subsidence is a worldwide phenomenon, where there is a sudden sinking or gradual downward settling of the earth's surface with little or no horizontal motion. In Iran, this phenomenon is noticed to take place in many areas among which are Meshhed, Kerman, Tehran, Hamedan and others. In some of the above areas, water well installations seem to rise into the air, or some times to produce fissures in the soil and/or showing sinkhole in carbonated rocks. Land subsidence could causes damages in surface and subsurface installations. UNISCO was concerning with this worldwide phenomenon and tried to study it in …
Seismic Characterisation Of Soils With Spt: Comparison Of Calculated Vs Values And Measured Vs Values, M. L. Rainone, P. Torrese, P. Signanini, F. Pizzica
Seismic Characterisation Of Soils With Spt: Comparison Of Calculated Vs Values And Measured Vs Values, M. L. Rainone, P. Torrese, P. Signanini, F. Pizzica
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Italian seismic regulatory guidance (O.P.C.M. n. 3274 of 20 March 2003, O.P.C.M. n. 3519 of 28 April 2006, implemented within the “Norme Tecniche per le Costruzioni” – D.M. of 14 January 2008) which conforms to European guidance (Eurocode 8), advises a seismic classification of foundation soils through the Vs30 value or alternatively the Nspt value. Several correlations between the Nspt parameter and the Vs parameter are known in literature (Otha & Goto, 1978; Imai & Tonouchi, 1982; Ohsaki & Iwasaki, 1977; Seed, 1983). Each of these correlations can only be applied in certain geological-technical contexts. The validity of these …
New I-95 Woodrow Wilson Bridge Foundations, Roderic A. Ellman Jr.
New I-95 Woodrow Wilson Bridge Foundations, Roderic A. Ellman Jr.
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The new Woodrow Wilson Bridge (WWB) will replace the existing bridge over the Potomac River to connect Alexandria, Virginia to Prince Georges County, Maryland. The new WWB will extend approximately 1.1 miles across the river, with a 367-ft long bascule span in the main river channel where the water depth is about 36 ft. The bridge is primarily comprised of fixed spans in relatively shallow water and a bascule span over the navigation channel. The subsurface soil profile was quite variable along the bridge alignment. In Virginia there was fill over soft Alluvial deposits underlain by dense Terrace deposits, as …
Soil Protection Under High Buildings In Sofia After Revealing Of Karsts Caverns In Clay, Chavdar Vassilev Kolev
Soil Protection Under High Buildings In Sofia After Revealing Of Karsts Caverns In Clay, Chavdar Vassilev Kolev
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In 2006 many engineers run into a difficulty with very rarely phenomenon during the construction of high buildings in exactly determined area to East of Sofia. Large caverns have appeared unexpectedly in the clay on depth of 4÷7m, just under the fundaments. Their volume has been around 3 ÷ 4 m3. There were mean one cavern per 60 m2. Such caverns have revealed as in the time of foundation pit, as under the old buildings. It was found that this is the known from the literature suffusion in clay which is rarely phenomena. The phenomenon has been investigated. …
General Report — Session 1: Analysis, Design, Testing And Performance Of Foundations, Rodrigo Salgado, Sanjeev Kumar, Dipanjan Basu, Gloria Maria Estrada Alvarez, Kenneth Gavin, Syed Faiz Ahmad
General Report — Session 1: Analysis, Design, Testing And Performance Of Foundations, Rodrigo Salgado, Sanjeev Kumar, Dipanjan Basu, Gloria Maria Estrada Alvarez, Kenneth Gavin, Syed Faiz Ahmad
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
No abstract provided.
A Case Study Of Characteristics Of Damages Caused By Typhoon Ewiniar 2006 In South Korea, Seung Ho Lee, Bang Woong Shin, Sanjeev Kumar, Sang Uok Shin
A Case Study Of Characteristics Of Damages Caused By Typhoon Ewiniar 2006 In South Korea, Seung Ho Lee, Bang Woong Shin, Sanjeev Kumar, Sang Uok Shin
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
During recent years, the climate of Korea has clearly been divided between dry season and rainy season due to the global warming and other reasons, and a record breaking rain is falling every year. The mountain slopes in Korea receives significant damage generally during the seasons of high rain front and typhoon. In 2006, the rainy season started in July and Typhoon EWINIAR which hit South Korea between July 26 and 28 caused significant damage to various slopes and roads. This paper presents a case study of the damages and characteristics of the damages to cut slopes, fill slopes, and …
Analysis Of Problems In Cut Slope Survey And Design Based On Case Studies, Byung-Sik Chun, Chang-Koo Cho, Jin-Young Kong, Ju-Heon Lim, Jeong-Wan Lee
Analysis Of Problems In Cut Slope Survey And Design Based On Case Studies, Byung-Sik Chun, Chang-Koo Cho, Jin-Young Kong, Ju-Heon Lim, Jeong-Wan Lee
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In construction of roads or large residential complexes, the formation of large scale cut slopes is inevitable due to the large proportion of mountains in Korea. The problems involving the slope stability has emerged as a major concern. Inaccurate subsurface exploration can result in slope failure during or after the construction, thereby increasing the construction cost and delaying the construction duration. This study reviews problems involving the cut slope survey methods, design criteria, and examining the collapse mechanisms through various case studies. This study suggests the optimum survey methods and design criteria based on the possible failure mechanisms.
Assessment Of Some Old Earth Dams In Malaysia Through Observation And Computer Simulation, A. M. Thamer, J. M. M. N. Megat, B. B. K. Huat, A. A. Azlan
Assessment Of Some Old Earth Dams In Malaysia Through Observation And Computer Simulation, A. M. Thamer, J. M. M. N. Megat, B. B. K. Huat, A. A. Azlan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In this study, two earth dams located in Malaysia were studied. The Labong Dam is a non-homogenous earth dam, whilst the Bukit Merah Dam is a homogenous earth dam. The performances of both dams against seepage were studied through the analyses of both observed and simulated phreatic surfaces. Simulations of seepage rate and phreatic surfaces through the dam were conducted by using SEEP/W model. The study showed that the SEEP/W model was able to predict (simulate) both the seepage rates and phreatic surfaces of the homogeneous and non-homogeneous earth dams with a reasonable accuracy. The Absolute Error (AE) between the …
Investigation And Repair Of A Leaking Earthfill Dam, Erik J. Nelson
Investigation And Repair Of A Leaking Earthfill Dam, Erik J. Nelson
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper presents a description of the investigation performed on two leaking earthfill dams and the remedial measures undertaken to repair the dams. The dams are located at a large nursery operation that collects and stores excess irrigation water and storm water in five large on-site reservoirs. The both dams were built in 2001 and 2002 to increase the nursery’s storage capacity by 40 percent. In June 2004 water was found leaking into the outlet pipe in one of the dams through the joints and around the outside of the outlet pipe at the toe of the dam. Geosyntec was …
Influence Of Kinematic Interaction Effects On Earthquake Structure Response: Analysis Of These Effects In The Colombia Earthquake Of November 15, 2004, Gloria Estrada
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Many authors have considered the kinematic interaction effects as favorable for seismic response of structures. However, this assumption is not always correct, because for some combinations of soil dynamic properties, foundation geometry and structural configuration, the kinematic interaction effects can lead to unfavorable performance of structures during earthquake. Therefore, the kinematic interaction effects increase or decrease the effective excitation that acts on the foundation base, in terms of their translation and rotation components. In this paper the role of kinematic interaction effects is analyzed for plate foundation embedded in different layered soil profiles, using recorded motions and several foundation geometries. …
Damage To Water And Sewage Pipelines In Adapazari During 1999 Kocaeli, Turkey Earthquake, Atilla Ansal, Aslı Kurtuluş, Gökçe Tönük
Damage To Water And Sewage Pipelines In Adapazari During 1999 Kocaeli, Turkey Earthquake, Atilla Ansal, Aslı Kurtuluş, Gökçe Tönük
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Vulnerability of pipeline systems were studied for the city of Adapazari based on available information on the performance of the water and sewage pipeline systems during 1999 Kocaeli, Turkey Earthquake. The water supply pipeline system in Adapazari experienced extensive damage. The main damage was observed in transmission and distribution systems primarily due to brittle asbestos cement (AC) pipes used in the system combined with the fracturing effect of ground deformations associated with liquefaction and softening of alluvial sediments. Recently, pipeline damage inventory was compiled based on repair reports and interviews with water works technicians. Since the entire system was replaced …
Predicting Hydraulic Fracturing In Hyttejuvet Dam, S. Mohsen Haeri, Danial Faghihi
Predicting Hydraulic Fracturing In Hyttejuvet Dam, S. Mohsen Haeri, Danial Faghihi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Hydraulic fracturing can occur in the clay core of earth and rockfill dams if the vertical effective stress in the core is reduced to the levels that are small enough to allow a tensile fracture to occur due to hydraulic pressure of the seeping water. This situation may arise if the total stress in the core is reduced by the “arching effect” where the core settles relative to the filter or rock-fill shell of the dam. Water pressure increase in the core which occurs on first impounding of water, may reduce effective stresses further, and if they reach low enough …
Reinforcement Of Slopes For Seismic Stability, Sanjeev Malhotra, Thomas S. Lee
Reinforcement Of Slopes For Seismic Stability, Sanjeev Malhotra, Thomas S. Lee
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
According to current practice, analyzing the stability of an earth slope under seismic conditions involves applying a pseudo-static seismic load in a conventional limit equilibrium analysis or performing a displacement analysis based on the analogy of a rigid block on an inclined plane. This paper reviews the development of currently used approaches of seismic slope stability analyses, available remediation methods, and design considerations. It examines the issues of shear strength degradation, strain incompatibility, and presents three case histories of projects located in areas of high seismicity where some form of reinforcement was used to obtain seismic slope stability.
Case Study On The Influence Of Transpiration On The Ground Behaviour, Behzad Fatahi, Buddhima Indraratna, Hadi Khabbaz
Case Study On The Influence Of Transpiration On The Ground Behaviour, Behzad Fatahi, Buddhima Indraratna, Hadi Khabbaz
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Bioengineering including native vegetation is an ancient method of improving the stability of slopes. In modern railway engineering, this technique is re-captured for increasing the soil stiffness and shear strength of sub-grade beneath rail tracks. A mathematical model for the rate of root water uptake has been developed considering ground conditions, type of vegetation and climatic parameters. The three independent features in the root water uptake model considered in detail are soil suction, root distribution, and potential transpiration. In order to establish a rigorous analysis for estimating the actual transpiration or root water uptake, the above mentioned factors have been …
Effectiveness Of Compaction Grout Piles In Improving Foundation Soils Of Existing Runway, Adel M. El-Kelesh, Tamotsu Matsui, Ken-Ichi Tokida
Effectiveness Of Compaction Grout Piles In Improving Foundation Soils Of Existing Runway, Adel M. El-Kelesh, Tamotsu Matsui, Ken-Ichi Tokida
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Compaction grout piles were used to minimize the liquefaction potential of the foundation soils of Tokyo International Airport at the intersection area of the two runways A and B. The compaction grout piles were intermittent to treat only the liquefiable soil layers and of varying diameter to account for the variable condition of the treated soils. This paper describes the performed grouting works and presents improvement results for one of the grouting stages. The presented results reveal the effectiveness of the adopted design and procedure in improving the liquefiable soils. The paper also discusses the improvement results with emphasis being …
Settlement Behaviour Of A Cement-Stabilised Malaysian Clay, Chee-Ming Chan, Siti Hajarahani Abdullah
Settlement Behaviour Of A Cement-Stabilised Malaysian Clay, Chee-Ming Chan, Siti Hajarahani Abdullah
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Soft clay soils often cause difficulties in construction operation with their low strength and low stiffness nature. However the engineering properties of these clay soils can be enhanced by adding ordinary Portland cement (OPC) for modification or stabilisation purposes. This paper describes the application of the cement stabilisation technique for improving the engineering properties of a soft Malaysian clay. The objectives of this study are two-fold: firstly, to study the settlement behaviour of the cement-treated clay using standard oedometers; and secondly, to explore the equal strain approach for predicting the settlement pattern of a stabilised columnar system for the clay. …
Foundations For Memorials And Monuments On The National Mall, Douglas W. Christie
Foundations For Memorials And Monuments On The National Mall, Douglas W. Christie
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
As the western end of the National Mall in Washington, DC was made by filling in portions of the Potomac River, memorials and monuments have required deep foundations. The site history including stream channels, canals, and materials used in filling various areas has had a large impact on the development of the Mall. Variations in geologic conditions along the Mall have affected the types of foundations used. One of the earliest structures, the Washington Monument, was sited to account for problem soils. Its foundation was underpinned during construction to compensate for low-strength soils. Shallow-founded portions of the Lincoln Memorial, the …
Damage Of Railway Sleepers Under Dynamic Loads: A Case History From The Greek Railway Network, Konstantinos Giannakos
Damage Of Railway Sleepers Under Dynamic Loads: A Case History From The Greek Railway Network, Konstantinos Giannakos
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In Greece, during the 1980’s, 60% of the twin-block concrete ties designed for 200 km/h, which were laid on a track with maximum operational speed of 140 km/h, presented serious cracks. The existing theories could not justify the appearance of these cracks since the calculated actions on ties were much lower than the limit values. It was found that the geotechnical conditions of the track substructure played a key role in the damage of the sleepers. In this paper a model for the determination of the load acting on the track’s superstructure is presented properly taking into account the geotechnical …