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Articles 2341 - 2370 of 2820
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
The Bioturbation Transport Of Chemicals In Surface Soils, Maria D. Rodriguez
The Bioturbation Transport Of Chemicals In Surface Soils, Maria D. Rodriguez
LSU Master's Theses
Large quantities of chemicals, such as pesticides, fertilizers, and industrial wastes, have been found throughout the environment raising concerns due to their ecological impacts and implications to human health. Soil is the most important repository of many organic chemicals in the environment. The objective of the present study was to determine the importance of the soil solid phase in the transport of chemicals in soils, and yield quantitative information to better describe bioturbation and its role in the movement of soil particles. Vertical movement of chemicals in the soil solid phase occurs by mixing mechanisms, such as bioturbation, cryoturbation, and …
Effect Of Bulk Flow Modulations On A Normal Jet In Crossflow At A Mean Blowing Ratio Of 0.25, Jeremiah Oertling
Effect Of Bulk Flow Modulations On A Normal Jet In Crossflow At A Mean Blowing Ratio Of 0.25, Jeremiah Oertling
LSU Master's Theses
An experimental wind tunnel has been designed, built, outfitted with automated hot wire anemometry and laser sheet imagery systems methods of instrumentation and tested with the purpose of performing scientific research on the control and stabilization of a jet issuing 90 degrees into a crossflow. After the design and system characterizations were performed, the system was employed as a experimental platform to conduct an investigation of bulk flow modulation of a jet in crossflow. The Mean Blowing ratio investigated was set at 0.25, and the effect of duty cycle, peak to peak blowing ratio and frequency of excitation are investigated. …
Em Algorithm For Multiple Wideband Source Localization, Kiran Kumar Mada
Em Algorithm For Multiple Wideband Source Localization, Kiran Kumar Mada
LSU Master's Theses
A computationally efficient algorithm using the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for multiple wideband source localization in the near field of a sensor array/area is addressed in this thesis. Our idea is to decompose the observed sensor data, which is a superimposition of multiple sources, into the individual components in the frequency domain and then estimate the corresponding location parameters associated with each component separately. Instead of the conventional alternating projection (AP) method, we propose to adopt the EM algorithm in this work; our new method involves two steps, namely Expectation (E-step) and Maximization (M-step). In the E-step, the individual incident source …
Compiler Assisted Cache Prefetch Using Procedure Call Hierarchy, Sheela A. Doshi
Compiler Assisted Cache Prefetch Using Procedure Call Hierarchy, Sheela A. Doshi
LSU Master's Theses
Microprocessor performance has been increasing at an exponential rate while memory system performance improved at a linear rate. This widening difference in performances is increasingly rendering advances in computer architecture less useful as more instructions spend more time waiting for data to be fetched from the memory after a cache miss. Data prefetching is a technique that avoids some cache misses by bringing data into the cache before it is actually needed. Different approaches to data prefetching have been developed, however existing prefetch schemes do not eliminate all cache misses and even with smaller cache miss ratio, miss latency remains …
Robust Fault-Tolerant Control For Aircraft Systems, Phalguna Kumar Rachinayani
Robust Fault-Tolerant Control For Aircraft Systems, Phalguna Kumar Rachinayani
LSU Master's Theses
The need to design controllers that guarantee both stability and performance upon the occurrence of faults has been an active area of research. To address this problem, in this thesis we present different methodologies to design robust controllers that guarantee both stability and robustness for actuator faults and uncertainties. In the first part of this thesis, we introduce the classical uncertainty formulation using Linear Fractional Transformation (LFT) and describe LFT's special cases-norm bounded and convex polytopic uncertainty descriptions. Practical methods to formulate these uncertainty structures are described. In the same spirit, formulation of faults and their modeling for robust control …
Fundamental Characterization Of Louisiana Hma Mixtures For The 2002 Mechanistic-Empirical Design Guide, Sandeep Obulareddy
Fundamental Characterization Of Louisiana Hma Mixtures For The 2002 Mechanistic-Empirical Design Guide, Sandeep Obulareddy
LSU Master's Theses
The main objective of this research was to develop a catalog for dynamic modulus values inputs in the 2002 Empirical and Mechanistic Guide for Design of New and Rehabilitated Pavement Structures (2002 M-E Design Guide) and to examine the permanent deformation characteristics of Louisiana hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures based on four laboratory tests, namely dynamic modulus |E*|, flow number, flow time and hamburg wheel tracker test. In addition, the sensitivity of rut prediction from the 2002 M-E Design Guide, using the dynamic modulus |E*| test results was evaluated and the Witczak and Hirsch models were also evaluated, for the …
Evaluation Of An Amperometric Biosensor For The Detection Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7, Danyelle Denise Small
Evaluation Of An Amperometric Biosensor For The Detection Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7, Danyelle Denise Small
LSU Master's Theses
Escherichia coli O157:H7 contamination is a major hazard in the water supply, causing outbreaks of disease. Conventional methods of E. coli O157:H7 detection usually takes 1-2 days and require hands-on preparation. There is a need to develop a rapid, inexpensive means of detecting the organism. The amperometric biosensor technology has achieved success in the area of metabolite detection. In this study, a bench scale amperometric biosensor was investigated to rapidly detect Escherichia coli O157:H7. The amperometric biosensor consisted of a power source, Clark electrode, autoranging picoammeter, and fabricated polyvinyl chloride (PVC) outer insert with nitrocellulose membrane and attached horseradish peroxidase …
Acoustic Emission Monitoring And Quantitative Evaluation Of Damage In Reinforced Concrete Members And Bridges, Archana Nair
Acoustic Emission Monitoring And Quantitative Evaluation Of Damage In Reinforced Concrete Members And Bridges, Archana Nair
LSU Master's Theses
A considerable proportion of highway bridges in the US, are made of reinforced concrete. The vulnerability of these structures during their long service life is a cause of major concern for civil engineers. Since there is a need to detect and recuperate the condition of the bridge structures numerous innovative non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques have come into the forefront. Of the many available technologies, acoustic emission (AE) monitoring has been the most popular non-destructive technique used on highway bridges. Acoustic emission is a passive monitoring technique. Thus, it can be appropriately used for field bridge monitoring applications. Usually AE monitoring …
Compositional Effects On Gas-Oil Interfacial Tension And Miscibility At Reservoir Conditions, Daryl Sean Sequeira
Compositional Effects On Gas-Oil Interfacial Tension And Miscibility At Reservoir Conditions, Daryl Sean Sequeira
LSU Master's Theses
Minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) is an important optimization parameter for an enhanced oil recovery process involving Carbon Dioxide or hydrocarbon gas injection. Therefore an accurate experimental measurement is required to determine the MMP. The MMP for a gas-oil system is directly related to the interfacial tension between the injected gas and the reservoir crude oil. When CO2 gas contacts the reservoir oil at reservoir temperature, the interfacial tension between the fluid-fluid phases reduces as the miscibility is approached and the interface between the fluid-fluid phases eventually disappears at miscibility i.e. the interfacial tension becomes zero. Hence, a pressure condition of …
Mapping A Weak Hypercube On An Optical Slab Waveguide, Divya Rengan
Mapping A Weak Hypercube On An Optical Slab Waveguide, Divya Rengan
LSU Master's Theses
The communication fabric of a parallel processing system is represented as a directed graph. In a weak topology a processor uses at most one incoming edge or one outgoing edge for communication at any given point in time. Currently, the data rate that can be supported on electronic interconnects is reaching its limits. Optical interconnects have been identified as one of the most promising approaches to the growing demands for today's systems. The “medium bandwidth” of an optical waveguide is huge (order of petabits per second for a 1mm2 cross-section optical slab). The challenge lies in utilizing as much of …
Characterization And Tribological Behavior Of Diamond-Like Carbon And Nitrogen-Doped Diamond-Like Carbon Thin Films, Krishna Chaitanya Kadiyala
Characterization And Tribological Behavior Of Diamond-Like Carbon And Nitrogen-Doped Diamond-Like Carbon Thin Films, Krishna Chaitanya Kadiyala
LSU Master's Theses
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have been extensively studied for more than two decades due to their highly attractive properties. These films exhibit unique mechanical, electrical and tribological behavior and thus, possess great potential for applications in tribology. However, the high level of internal stress developed and low thermal stability are the main drawbacks. Synthesis of nitrogen-doped DLC (N-DLC) offers the possibility of overcoming these drawbacks. In the present study, DLC and N-DLC films (with low N content) were deposited on Si substrates using a hybrid plasma-assisted CVD/PVD process. Film characterization in terms of microstructure, composition and chemical state of components …
A Stochastic Mesoscopic Cell-Transmission Model For Operational Analysis Of Large-Scale Transportation Networks, Ciprian Danut Alecsandru
A Stochastic Mesoscopic Cell-Transmission Model For Operational Analysis Of Large-Scale Transportation Networks, Ciprian Danut Alecsandru
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The cell transmission model (CTM), developed by Daganzo in 1994 was not fully exploited as an operations model for analysis of large-scale traffic networks. Because of its macroscopic / mesoscopic features, CTM offers calibration and computational advantages over microscopic models. This study presents a series of enhancements to the original form of CTM. These enhancements show potential to increase the model’s accuracy and realism of traffic flow representation. For example, topological enhancements and modifications to the flow advancing equation are introduced to allow variable cell lengths and non-discrete movements of vehicles between cells. In addition, implementation of lane-changing behavioral logics …
Spectral Analysis Of Total Suspended Solids Mixtures For Solids Composition Determination, Curtis W. Sutherland
Spectral Analysis Of Total Suspended Solids Mixtures For Solids Composition Determination, Curtis W. Sutherland
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Total Suspended Solids (TSS) analysis provides an initial and very basic measure for study and characterization of water quality. The present tedious procedures used for the identification of different solids constituents present in TSS and for the classification or insight into the origins of those solids are time-consuming and expensive. The research reported herein investigates the use of instrumental analysis using reflectance spectra of TSS as an attractive alternative to sufficiently characterize and identify TSS in a more rapid and economical method that could be used to study TSS transport and to identity TSS points of origin. For this investigative …
Ultra-Violet Lithography Of Thick Photoresist For The Applications In Biomems And Micro Optics, Ren Yang
Ultra-Violet Lithography Of Thick Photoresist For The Applications In Biomems And Micro Optics, Ren Yang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
UV lithography of thick photoresist is widely used in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and micro-optoelectromechanical systems (MOEMS). SU-8 is a typical negative tone thick photoresist for micro systems, and can be used for both structural material and pattern transfer. This dissertation presents an effort to comprehensively study these important subjects. The first part, and the most fundamental part of this dissertation concentrated on the numerical analysis and experimental study of the wavelength dependent absorbance of SU-8 and the diffraction effects on the sidewall profiles of the microstructures made using UV lithography of SU-8. This study has laid the foundation for all …
A Study Of Phase Noise And Jitter In Submicron Cmos Phase-Locked Loop Circuits, Chi Zhang
A Study Of Phase Noise And Jitter In Submicron Cmos Phase-Locked Loop Circuits, Chi Zhang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Phase-locked loops (PLLs) are widely used in communication systems. With the continuously expanding of market for high speed, portable communication devices, low noise CMOS submicron integrated circuit designs of PLL for different applications are in large demand. In this dissertation, phase noise and jitter properties of PLL and its building blocks are investigated both at the physical and system levels. At the physical level, hot carrier effect in submicron MOSFETs has been considered. As one of the most dominant noise sources of PLL, the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is considered when investigating the noise degradation induced by the hot carrier effect. …
Electrodeposited Metal Matrix Nanocomposites As Thin Films And High Aspect Ratio Microstructures For Mems, Alonso Lozano Morales
Electrodeposited Metal Matrix Nanocomposites As Thin Films And High Aspect Ratio Microstructures For Mems, Alonso Lozano Morales
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The electrodeposition of metal-matrix nanocomposites as thin film and high aspect ratio microstructures (HARM’s) for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) components is examined. The effect of -Al2O3 nanopowder on copper reduction from acidic and basic electrolytes is examined with rotating disk electrodes (RDE’s). At pH 0.2, regions of copper inhibition and enhancement are identified in the kinetic regime. Low particle loading (12.5 g/L) results in an inhibited copper rate, while, high particle concentration (60 g/L) does both, inhibits the rate at low overpotentials and accelerates it at higher overpotentials, depending on the electrode rotation rate. At pH 8 the presence of particles …
Design And Evaluation Of Automated, Continuous Culture Techniques For Brachionus Rotundiformis, Zhengzhong Zhang
Design And Evaluation Of Automated, Continuous Culture Techniques For Brachionus Rotundiformis, Zhengzhong Zhang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A 40-L recirculating rotifer turbidostat (RRT) pilot system consisting of a rotifer reactor, biofilter, foam fractionator, feed container, harvester, and two air-lift pumps was designed to produce B. rotundiformis, a small (S-type) rotifer, that is increasingly demanded for production of small-gape marine finfish larvae. The system’s automatic monitoring (turbidity, pH, conductivity and temperature) and controlling (turbidity, pH, feeding and harvesting) were performed by a Rugid™ computer. A 4 (temperature) x 3 (salinity) study indicated that a 30oC/15 ppt treatment is the most favorable to the growth of B. rotundiformis. Under these conditions, the effect of harvest rate on rotifer system …
Experimental And Computational Analysis Of Random Cylinder Packings With Applications, Wenli Zhang
Experimental And Computational Analysis Of Random Cylinder Packings With Applications, Wenli Zhang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Random cylinder packings are prevalent in chemical engineering applications and they can serve as prototype models of fibrous materials and/or other particulate materials. In this research, comprehensive studies on cylinder packings were carried out by computer simulations and by experiments. The computational studies made use of a collective rearrangement algorithm (based on a Monte Carlo technique) to generate different packing structures. 3D random packing limits were explored, and the packing structures were quantified by their positional ordering, orientational ordering, and the particle-particle contacts. Furthermore, the void space in the packings was expressed as a pore network, which retains topological and …
Modeling And Fabrication Of A Microthermocouple Array, Adam Cygan
Modeling And Fabrication Of A Microthermocouple Array, Adam Cygan
LSU Master's Theses
Cryobiology is the study of how living cells and tissues respond to freezing and exposure to subzero temperatures. Studies in this field are aimed toward improving methods of cryosurgery as well as the storage of cells and tissues. For example, one area of research is to link the biophysical cellular dehydration and intracellular ice formation in cells during tissue freezing to cell viability and mechanical properties after thawing. There is currently a method for measuring dehydration in cells as part of a tissue, but not an adequate method for measuring intracellular ice formation in tissues. A prototype device that would …
Heat/Mass Transfer In Rotating, Smooth, High Aspect-Ratio (4:1) Coolant Channels With Curved Walls, Eashwar Sethuraman
Heat/Mass Transfer In Rotating, Smooth, High Aspect-Ratio (4:1) Coolant Channels With Curved Walls, Eashwar Sethuraman
LSU Master's Theses
The thesis presents an experimental study of heat/mass transfer coefficient in 4:1 aspect ratio smooth channels with non-uniform cross-sections. Curved leading and trailing edges are studied, for two curvatures of 9.06 m-1 (0.23 in-1) and 15.11 m-1 (0.384 in-1) and for two different curvature configurations. One configuration has curved walls with curvature corresponding to the blade profile (positive curvature on both leading and trailing walls), and the other configuration has leading and trailing walls that curve inwards into the coolant passage (negative curvature on the leading surface and positive curvature on the trailing surface). The experiments are conducted in a …
Space-Time Block Coding For Multiple Transmit Antennas Over Time-Selective Fading Channels, Ioannis Erotokritou
Space-Time Block Coding For Multiple Transmit Antennas Over Time-Selective Fading Channels, Ioannis Erotokritou
LSU Master's Theses
The last decade we have witnessed an extraordinary growing interest in the field of wireless communications. Wireless industry has recently turned into a technology known as Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) to minimize errors and optimize data speed. This is done by using multiple transmit and receive antennas, as well as appropriate space-time block code techniques. Due the fact that time-selective fading channels exist, the assumption that the channel is being static over the length of the codeword does not apply in this thesis. The channel state varies over the number of signal intervals, and in such case the orthogonality of the …
Effect Of Repetitions On Static And Dynamic Strength, Sai Chaitanya Reddy Bogolu
Effect Of Repetitions On Static And Dynamic Strength, Sai Chaitanya Reddy Bogolu
LSU Master's Theses
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of repetitions on static and dynamic strength. The study is divided into two parts, the first part investigated static and dynamic strength during one, three and six repetitions per minute, and the second part of the study analyzed dynamic strength data collected using the Multiaxial Multipurpose Isokinetic Dynamometer. The study comprised of dynamic strength test data at three speeds of one, five and ten inch per second. Five male subjects participated in the first part of the study, and the results were analyzed by plotting a time series to observe …
Analysis Of Bioengineered Concrete For Use In A Submerged Reef Type Breakwater, Tyler Ray Ortego
Analysis Of Bioengineered Concrete For Use In A Submerged Reef Type Breakwater, Tyler Ray Ortego
LSU Master's Theses
The oysterbreak is a method of growing an oyster reef into a wave attenuating device. A study was conducted to determine an optimal material for the oysterbreak. As oysters grow on the oysterbreak, wave energy in the lee of the structure is reduced. It was predicted that more rapid oyster growth would lead to a more rapid reduction of wave energy. Louisiana is losing coastal marshes at an alarming rate. Wave action from storms erodes sediments from Louisiana's shorelines and barrier islands. Structures such as the oysterbreak may be used to protect Louisiana’s fragile shorelines. A material for the oysterbreak …
Integrated Circuit Metrology By Multilevel Patterning Technology, Li Jiang
Integrated Circuit Metrology By Multilevel Patterning Technology, Li Jiang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A low cost, high accuracy method is described in detail for measuring image placement in integrated circuit manufacture. The method measures both the overlay between levels and the absolute placement of features in a single level. The overlay is measured by a technique which views multiple levels separately. The absolute distances between features on a test wafer are measured by comparing the features to precision gratings. Optical imaging techniques are described for viewing and analyzing the grating images, as well as for measuring distortions in the observing microscope and a video camera. These techniques permit image placement measurements to be …
Active Control Of Spray Combustion, Onur Tuncer
Active Control Of Spray Combustion, Onur Tuncer
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Effect of a forced dilution air jet on air-fuel spray mixing and emissions has been investigated. Temperature measurements have been made at a number of forcing frequencies in the range of 100-1100 Hz and blowing ratios between 6-15. Open-loop flame response to forcing has also been acquired by recording pressure and heat release spectra. The results show that the mean temperature field inside the flame can be altered due to jet modulation. Significant effects are observed by forcing at locations close to the dump plane. Enhancements in temperature of the order of 100–200 ˚C, and reduction in pattern factor of …
Mimo-Ofdm Communication Systems: Channel Estimation And Wireless Location, Zhongshan Wu
Mimo-Ofdm Communication Systems: Channel Estimation And Wireless Location, Zhongshan Wu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
In this new information age, high data rate and strong reliability features our wireless communication systems and is becoming the dominant factor for a successful deployment of commercial networks. MIMO-OFDM (multiple input multiple output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing), a new wireless broadband technology, has gained great popularity for its capability of high rate transmission and its robustness against multi-path fading and other channel impairments. A major challenge to MIMO-OFDM systems is how to obtain the channel state information accurately and promptly for coherent detection of information symbols and channel synchronization. In the first part, this dissertation formulates the channel estimation problem …
Design And Test Of A Displacement Workspace Mapping Station For Articular Joints, Michael Daly Guillet
Design And Test Of A Displacement Workspace Mapping Station For Articular Joints, Michael Daly Guillet
LSU Master's Theses
In 2003, 267,000 Americans received total knee replacements prohibiting high impact athletics for the remainder of a patient’s life. A better understanding of the movement and constraint of the knee is necessary to provide more realistic motion of or possibly eliminate the need for joint prosthetics. Fixed Orientation Displacement Workspaces (FODW) can be applied to study the relationship of the passive constraint system and six (6) degree of freedom (DOF) movement of the human knee. A FODW consists of the volume of possible positions the tibia/fibula can occupy relative to a fixed femur without changing the relative orientation of the …
Influence Of Typha Latifolia And Phragmites Communis Root Matter On Degredation Of Aged 1,2,3,4-Tetrachlorobenzene In Bayou Sediments, Elaiza Maria Alvarez
Influence Of Typha Latifolia And Phragmites Communis Root Matter On Degredation Of Aged 1,2,3,4-Tetrachlorobenzene In Bayou Sediments, Elaiza Maria Alvarez
LSU Master's Theses
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Typha latifolia and Phragmites communis root matter in degradation of sediments contaminated with aged 1,2,3,4- Tetrachlorobenzene (1,2,3,4-TeCB). In the present study, complete reductive dechlorination of 1,2,3,4-TeCB was observed in root matter systems, contrasting sediment with no roots present. Microcosms amended with Phragmites communis roots achieved the greatest first-order reaction rate constant over a 4-week period (0.113 d-1, half-life time of 6.13 days). Typha latifolia roots also played an important role in reductive dehalogenation of 1,2,3,4-TeCB, although the first-order reaction rate constant observed within the same period of …
Compiler Optimization Techniques For Scheduling And Reducing Overhead, Tong-Chai Wang
Compiler Optimization Techniques For Scheduling And Reducing Overhead, Tong-Chai Wang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Exploiting parallelism in loops in programs is an important factor in realizing the potential performance of processors today. This dissertation develops and evaluates several compiler optimizations aimed at improving the performance of loops on processors. An important feature of a class of scientific computing problems is the regularity exhibited by their access patterns. Chapter 2 presents an approach of optimizing the address generation of these problems that results in the following: (i) elimination of redundant arithmetic computation by recognizing and exploiting the presence of common sub-expressions across different iterations in stencil codes; and (ii) conversion of as many array references …
Performance Modeling Of Explosively Actuated Devices, Adam M. Braud
Performance Modeling Of Explosively Actuated Devices, Adam M. Braud
LSU Master's Theses
Explosively actuated devices (pin pullers, cable cutters, valves, etc) are used extensively to perform critical functions for aerospace, industrial, and defense related applications. The failure of these devices have led to a greater effort to quantify device design and performance. This thesis describes the actuation process of an explosively actuated valve, including: 1) the burning of the solid explosive HMX (C4H8N8O8) and production of its high pressure gas products, 2) the mass transfer of gas products through an actuator to an expansion volume including choked flow effects, 3) the resulting piston motion …