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Articles 1321 - 1350 of 2820
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study Of Single Dna Nucleotides Transport Through Nanoslits, Kai Xia
Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study Of Single Dna Nucleotides Transport Through Nanoslits, Kai Xia
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
There is potential for flight time based DNA sequencing involving disassembly into individual nucleotides which would pass through a nanochannel with 2 or more detectors. Molecular dynamics simulation of electrophoretic motion of single DNA nucleotides through 3 nm wide hydrophobic slits was performed. Electric field strength (E) varied from 0.0 to 0.6 V/nm. Slit walls were smooth or had a roughness similar to nucleotide size. Multiple nucleotide-wall adsorptions occurred. The electric field did not influence the nucleotide adsorption and desorption mechanism for E ¡Ü 0.1 V/nm, but influenced nucleotide orientation relative to the field direction. The nucleotide-wall interactions differed due …
Heat Transfer Study Of Porous Media With A Temperature Jump Condition, Pravin Kumar
Heat Transfer Study Of Porous Media With A Temperature Jump Condition, Pravin Kumar
LSU Master's Theses
Conjugate heat transfer in a porous media is investigated with a temperature jump condition obtained from kinetic gas theory. The temperature jump appears alongside flow boundary condition when the pressure is low, and considered to be in non-continuum regime. This investigation focuses on both one-dimensional and two-dimensional porous media models. The length scale of the pores is 100 microns. The temperature is ambient, and the pressure is low enough to reach the slip-flow regime. The thermal behavior of porous media is investigated using a slot model with a gas trapped between two solid blocks. Aluminum oxide and air are considered …
Catalysts For The Positional Isomerization Of Internal, Long-Chain Olefins, James Edward Bruno
Catalysts For The Positional Isomerization Of Internal, Long-Chain Olefins, James Edward Bruno
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Double-bond isomerization of internal C16-C18 olefins is a necessary step in the production of paper sizing agents. In this work, the properties that enable long-lasting solid acid catalysts (both commercial and lab-synthesized) were identified, the efficacy of regenerated solid acid catalysts was tested, and the feasibility of organometallic chain-walking catalysts (both homogeneous and polymer-supported) for olefin isomerization was evaluated. Hexadecene isomerization was investigated using perfluorinated ion exchange resins (Nafion®) supported on SiO2 or Al2O3, sulfonated poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) resins (PS-DVBs), tungstated zirconias, and acidic zeolites. Selected catalysts underwent lifetime studies. Oversulfonated PS-DVBs (e.g., Amberlyst 35) were reasonably selective with long lifetimes, only …
Degradation And Fatigue Involving Dissipated Processes, Md Liakat Ali
Degradation And Fatigue Involving Dissipated Processes, Md Liakat Ali
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Irreversible material degradation due to cyclic mechanical loading is investigated utilizing the concept of thermodynamic entropy, plastic strain energy, and temperature slope measurement. Uniaxial tension-compression and fully-reversed bending fatigue tests are performed over a wide range of loading conditions with metallic and composite materials subject to both constant- and variable-amplitude loading. A methodology is developed for the estimation of the fatigue fracture entropy (FFE) and fatigue toughness of metallic specimens in a rapid fashion. It is found that the FFE and the fatigue toughness of each material tested are within a small band. The value of FFE is found to …
Identifying High Crash Risk Roadways Through Jerk-Cluster Analysis, Seyedeh Maryam Mousavi
Identifying High Crash Risk Roadways Through Jerk-Cluster Analysis, Seyedeh Maryam Mousavi
LSU Master's Theses
The state-of-the-practice for most municipal traffic agencies seeking to identify high-risk road segments has been to use prior crash history. While historic traffic crash data is recognized to be valuable in improving roadway safety, it relies on prior observation rather than future crash likelihood. Recently, however, researchers are developing predictive crash methods based on “abnormal driving events.” These include abrupt and atypical vehicle movements thought to be indicative of crash avoidance maneuvers and/or near-crashes. Because these types of near-crash events occur far more frequently than actual crashes, it is hypothesized that they can be used as an indicator of high-risk …
Thermo-Catalytic Upgrading Of Pyrolysis Vapors Using Electromagnetic Heating, Pranjali Devidas Muley
Thermo-Catalytic Upgrading Of Pyrolysis Vapors Using Electromagnetic Heating, Pranjali Devidas Muley
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Electromagnetic heating offers several advantages such as rapid heating rates, accurate temperature control and energy efficiency over conventional reactors. The goal of this study was to design an effective and energy efficient catalytic reactor for pyrolysis vapor upgrading. An induction based catalytic reactor was designed for upgrading of pyrolysis vapors. The effect of catalyst bed temperatures (290°, 330° and 370°C) and biomass to catalyst ratios of 1, 1.5 and 2 was studied. The results were compared to conventional heating reactor. Induction heating reactor performance exceeded that of conventional heater. The biomass to catalyst ratio of 2 in combination with the …
Clinical Probe Utilizing Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (Sers) For In-Situ Molecular Imaging Applications, Jeonghwan Kim
Clinical Probe Utilizing Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (Sers) For In-Situ Molecular Imaging Applications, Jeonghwan Kim
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
In this research, a clinical probe utilizing Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) is developed for molecular imaging application which is a visualizing technology to support early diagnosis by providing images in molecular level. In addition to other molecular imaging applications using magnetic resonance, light, and ultrasound, Raman spectroscopy has great potential in terms of non-invasiveness, safety, imaging agent-free, and scanning multiple molecules at a time. However, the critical limitation of Raman spectroscopy using in-vivo molecular imaging application is the inherent low sensitivity of Raman effect. The challenge is overcome by employing SERS enhancing Raman scattering with concentrated electromagnetic oscillation in nanometallic …
Probabilistic Performance-Based Hurricane Engineering (Pbhe) Framework, Vipin Unnithan Unnikrishnan
Probabilistic Performance-Based Hurricane Engineering (Pbhe) Framework, Vipin Unnithan Unnikrishnan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
In modern times, hurricanes have caused enormous losses to the communities worldwide both in terms of property damage and loss of life. In light of these losses, a comprehensive methodology is required to improve the quantification of risk and the design of structures subject to hurricane hazard. This research develops a probabilistic Performance-Based Hurricane Engineering (PBHE) framework for hurricane risk assessment. The proposed PBHE is based on the total probability theorem, similar to the Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) framework developed by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) Center, and to the Performance-Based Wind Engineering (PBWE) framework. The methodology presented in …
Numerical Studies Of Liquid-Liquid Segmented Flows In Square Microchannels Using A Front-Tracking Algorithm, Eamonn Daire Walker
Numerical Studies Of Liquid-Liquid Segmented Flows In Square Microchannels Using A Front-Tracking Algorithm, Eamonn Daire Walker
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Liquid-liquid segmented flows in a square microchannel are investigated numerically using a hybrid front-tracking/front-capturing method. The code is found to be well-adapted to a large range of flow parameters, but droplet flows are limited by poor accuracy at Laplace number above 100 – 1000 and plug flows are limited by the code’s current inability to adequately model the flow in thin films at low capillary numbers. A Schwarz-Aitken acceleration technique is investigated as a means to reduce computation time, but is found not to be advantageous compared to the parallel multigrid formulation of the code. Numerical simulations are divided into …
Experimental Designs For Model Discrimination And Uncertainty Reduction In Groundwater Modeling, Hai Van Pham
Experimental Designs For Model Discrimination And Uncertainty Reduction In Groundwater Modeling, Hai Van Pham
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Groundwater systems are complex and subject to multiple interpretations due to a lack of sufficient information. Different propositions (or alternatives) are often proposed to represent uncertain model components resulted in many conceptual models using the same data. Yet considering too many models may lead to high prediction uncertainty and may lose the purpose of model development. To decrease the prediction uncertainty due to conceptual model uncertainty, two experimental designs are proposed. The first experimental design intends to identify model propositions in each uncertain model component. A discrimination criterion is developed based on posterior model probability. Bayesian model averaging (BMA) is …
Electrochemical Study Of Ammonium Interaction With Au,Sn And Cu Electrodes In Nonaqueous Electrolytes, Guoying Qu
Electrochemical Study Of Ammonium Interaction With Au,Sn And Cu Electrodes In Nonaqueous Electrolytes, Guoying Qu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Nonaqueous electrolytes play an important role in electrochemical devices such as flip chip and lithium-air batteries. In this work, we examine ammonium-Cu, Sn and Li interactions in nonaqueous electrolytes to optimize the future flip chip flux and electrolyte additive of lithium-air battery. The activity of halogen-free carboxylic acid flux is considered one of the most important aspects in controlling flip chip joint quality recently. CuOx removal effectiveness of carboxylic acid solutions at Cu substrates using electrochemical methods at elevated temperatures from 100ºC to 180ºC is studied thoroughly by chronopotentiometry and gravimetric analysis. Carboxylic acid-based solutions with ethanolamine show oxide removal …
Integrated Sustainability And Resiliency Assessment Methodology For The Design Of Single-Family Residential Structures Subject To Wind And Flood Hazards, Elizabeth Chisolm Matthews
Integrated Sustainability And Resiliency Assessment Methodology For The Design Of Single-Family Residential Structures Subject To Wind And Flood Hazards, Elizabeth Chisolm Matthews
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Sustainability and resiliency have become important in shaping the criteria in performance-based design objectives in the recent past and will continue to shape future design as climate change impacts and disasters become more prevalent. While much work has been carried out in developing tools to aid in sustainable and resilient performance-based design there is still much work to be done. It is evident that while sustainability and resiliency have mutual advantages there are also inherent conflicts between the two design approaches. Some of the conflict relates to the robustness required of resilient design, which may have higher environmental impacts than …
Product Parameters Optimization For Double Purge Of C-Magma Integrated With Conventional Three-Boiling Crystallization Scheme To Improve Raw Sugar Whole Color, Luz Stella Polanco
Product Parameters Optimization For Double Purge Of C-Magma Integrated With Conventional Three-Boiling Crystallization Scheme To Improve Raw Sugar Whole Color, Luz Stella Polanco
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Efficient crystallization in raw sugar production is the result of a combination of factors and responses that meet specific criteria. Matching a sugar quality standard, maximizing sugar yield, maximizing crystallization equipment capacity and minimizing heat requirement are all necessary optimization criteria. A double centrifugation or purge of C-magma is intended to improve raw sugar whole color by the reduction of color recirculation with the sugar crystal. Combining a three boiling crystallization scheme with a second centrifugation after the last crystallization stage required optimizing the input/output product parameters (purities) and the location of the liquid recycle component (double purge molasses) for …
Chemical Structure And Dynamics In Laminar Flame Propagation, Mohsen Ayoobi
Chemical Structure And Dynamics In Laminar Flame Propagation, Mohsen Ayoobi
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The objective of this dissertation is to investigate fundamental aspects of premixed flame structures as well as flame dynamics that arise due to conjugate heat transfer in narrow channels. Laminar premixed combustion simulations in narrow 2D channels show that conjugate heat transfer allows for combustion of mixtures at small scales that are not flammable at normal conditions. To investigate the impact of conjugate heat transfer, preheated 1D cases with premixed H2/Air fuel are simulated for a wide range of operating conditions based on inlet temperature and equivalence ratio. For post-processing, Chemical Explosive Mode Analysis (CEMA, an eigen-analysis technique) is used …
Modeling The Crude Oil Scheduling Problem With Integration With Lower Level Production Optimization And Uncertainty, Jorge Asis Charbel Chebeir
Modeling The Crude Oil Scheduling Problem With Integration With Lower Level Production Optimization And Uncertainty, Jorge Asis Charbel Chebeir
LSU Master's Theses
This research is focused on the modeling and optimization of the crude oil scheduling problem in order to generate the most appropriate schedule for the unloading, charging, blending, and movement of crude oil in a refinery, which means obtaining the schedule that generates the lowest costs. Uncertainty, which is often present in these types of optimization problems, is also analyzed and taken into account for the resolution of crude oil scheduling problem. A comprehensive novel model is proposed to describe the upper level crude oil scheduling problem, generate an optimal solution for the mentioned problem, and allow integration with the …
Effect Of Heavy Vehicle On Conventional And Joint Work Zone Merges, James Joseph Dillard
Effect Of Heavy Vehicle On Conventional And Joint Work Zone Merges, James Joseph Dillard
LSU Master's Theses
Lane merges in construction work zones are guided by the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). The MUTCD typical lane closure guides merging vehicles from one lane into another; from the closed lane, where the construction work is taking place into the open lane. The conventional lane merge often creates conflicts for motorists because queues typically form in the open lane and aggressive drivers use this opportunity to drive in the closed lane as far as they can until forced to merge in the open lane. As a result, the conventional lane merge can create differential speeds and queue …
Wireless Localization In The Absence Of Gps, Hyundeok Kang
Wireless Localization In The Absence Of Gps, Hyundeok Kang
LSU Master's Theses
In this thesis, wireless localization is investigated based on multiple noisy estimates of the time-difference of arrival (TDOA) at each pair of the n >= 4 sensors with different but known locations using WiFi opportunistic signals. Our work is comprehensive and includes channel estimation, symbol detection, TDOA estimation, and location estimation. To mitigate the multipath issue induced by wideband signals, such as WiFi, frequency-division is employed to decompose the wideband RF signal into multiple non-overlapping narrowband signals. To minimize the adverse effects of the clock drift, time-division is proposed to divide the signal into multiple non-overlapping signals in the time …
Poly (Lactic Co-Glycolic) Acid Nanoparticles: Synthesis Using Millifluidic Chip And Interaction With Red Blood Cells, Sumit Libi
LSU Master's Theses
Nanoparticles (NPs) have recently been developed for application as drug carriers in different fields, including biomedical engineering. This study was focused on the use of a millifluidic chip for synthesis of polymeric poly (lactic co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs and the understanding of PLGA NPs interaction and effect on red blood cells (RBCs). A method for NPs synthesis on a millifluidic chip was developed, exploiting the precise flow control offered by this device. PLGA NPs ranging from 230nm to 350nm in diameter were produced. Smaller NPs of lower polydispersity were synthesized at higher flow rates of the aqueous phase; increase in …
Evaluation Of Louisiana Friction Rating Table By Field Measurements, Yogendra Prasad Subedi
Evaluation Of Louisiana Friction Rating Table By Field Measurements, Yogendra Prasad Subedi
LSU Master's Theses
This study aims to evaluate the current Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LADOTD) friction rating table by field measurements and provide recommendations for the frictional mix design guidelines. The current friction rating table is based on the Polished Stone Value (PSV) of coarse aggregate as the only surface friction guideline in a wearing course mixture design, which is only one of many factors that affect the pavement surface friction. To achieve the objective, the pavement surface friction and texture properties were measured using Lock-Wheel Skid Trailer (LWST), Dynamic Friction Tester (DFT) and Circular Track Meter (CTM). Twenty two different …
Application Of Computational Fluid Dynamics To Near-Wellbore Modeling Of A Gas Well, Oscar Mauricio Molina
Application Of Computational Fluid Dynamics To Near-Wellbore Modeling Of A Gas Well, Oscar Mauricio Molina
LSU Master's Theses
Well completion plays a key role in the economically viable production of hydrocarbons from a reservoir. Therefore, it is of high importance for the production engineer to have as many tools available that aid in the successful design of a proper completion scheme, depending on the type of formation rock, reservoir fluid properties and forecasting of production rates. Because well completion jobs are expensive, most of the completed wells are usually expected to produce as much hydrocarbon and as fast as possible, in order to shorten the time of return of the investment. This research study focused on the evaluation …
Near Total Resonant Light Absorption In A Graphene Monolayer At Multiple Tunable Wavelengths With Multilayer Structures, Iman Zand
LSU Master's Theses
Graphene could be potentially important for a broad range of photonic and optoelectronic applications. For such graphene-based applications it is critical to enhance the absorption of light in graphene monolayers in order to achieve near total absorption. Several structures have been proposed to enhance light absorption in graphene at visible and infrared wavelengths such as one-dimensional Fabry-Perot cavity structures, and photonic crystal slabs. Fabry-Perot cavity structures, which employ periodic Bragg mirrors, can lead to near total light absorption on resonance. However, such structures cannot achieve near complete absorption in graphene at multiple closely-spaced tunable wavelengths, which is potentially important for …
Stochastic Modeling Of Semantic Structures Of Online Movie Reviews, Limeng Pu
Stochastic Modeling Of Semantic Structures Of Online Movie Reviews, Limeng Pu
LSU Master's Theses
Facing the enormous volumes of data available nowadays, we try to extract useful information from the data by properly modeling and characterizing the data. In this thesis, we focus on one particular type of semantic data --- online movie reviews, which can be found on all major movie websites. Our objective is mining movie review data to seek quantifiable patterns between reviews on the same movie, or reviews from the same reviewer. A novel approach is presented in this thesis to achieve this goal. The key idea is converting a movie review text into a list of tuples, where each …
Driver Response And Safety Effect Of Three-Foot Bicycle Passing Laws, Nelida Andreina Herrera
Driver Response And Safety Effect Of Three-Foot Bicycle Passing Laws, Nelida Andreina Herrera
LSU Master's Theses
The long and tragic history of vehicle-bicycle crashes in the United States has increasingly led to calls for legislative action to provide greater protections for bicyclists on the nation’s roadways. Among the most common of these actions are the three-foot passing laws. Recent history suggests that these laws may contribute to reducing the number of vehicular/bicycle-related collisions as well as their accompanying deaths and injuries, but few, if any, studies have shown how they substantively affect driver behavior. This thesis builds upon the results of recent research quantifying the effects of the three-foot passing laws by comparing key behavioral aspects …
An Exploration Of Plasmonics For Nanoparticle-Based Gene Delivery, Corey Raymond Landry
An Exploration Of Plasmonics For Nanoparticle-Based Gene Delivery, Corey Raymond Landry
LSU Master's Theses
The spatiotemporal control of biological processes, especially cell growth and differentiation, remains one of the most compelling challenges in basic and clinical biomedical research. Fields as diverse as cancer therapy and regenerative medicine rely on spatial and temporal control of biochemical cues to achieve desired biological objectives. MicroRNA are attractive for highly-localized delivery applications because their instability in the cell restricts their biological effect to a small target area. These short, non-coding strands can be easily synthesized and modified for attachment and release from nanoparticle delivery vehicles. The research interest around microRNA therapies has produced a wide array of pathways …
Biofuel Production From Chinese Tallow Tree Seeds Using Microwave Technology, Mohamad Barekati Goudarzi
Biofuel Production From Chinese Tallow Tree Seeds Using Microwave Technology, Mohamad Barekati Goudarzi
LSU Master's Theses
In-situ transesterification (simultaneous extraction and transesterification) of Chinese tallow tree seeds into methyl esters using two microwave systems were investigated in this study. In the first part, utilizing a batch system, parameters tested were catalyst concentration (1-4 wt.%), solvent ratio (2-6 v/w), reaction time (15-60 min) and temperature (50-70°C). A high degree of oil extraction and efficient conversion of oil to biodiesel were found in the proposed range. The process was further optimized in terms of product yields and conversion rates using Dohlert optimization methodology. Based on the experimental results and statistical analysis, the optimal production yield conditions for this …
A Distributed Diffusion-Driven Algorithm For Load Balancing In An Electrical Power Grid, Isaac Abhilash Ayyala
A Distributed Diffusion-Driven Algorithm For Load Balancing In An Electrical Power Grid, Isaac Abhilash Ayyala
LSU Master's Theses
In this thesis we propose a distributed algorithm, based on diffusion, to balance loads on an electrical power grid, while maintaining stable operation (system’s ability to maintain bus voltages within preset bounds). This algorithm, called the Diffusion-driven Distributed Load Balancing (DDLB) algorithm, is implemented on the OMNET++ Discrete Event Simulator and the response of the physical grid is simulated on a load flow program, which together simulate a deployment of the DDLB algorithm on the grid. The electrical grid is represented as a graph whose nodes are buses and whose edges are power lines connecting buses. Each node (except the …
Multiscale Modeling Of Particle Transport In Petroleum Reservoirs, Layne Bryan French
Multiscale Modeling Of Particle Transport In Petroleum Reservoirs, Layne Bryan French
LSU Master's Theses
Modeling subsurface particle transport and retention is important for many processes, including sand production, fines migration, and nanoparticle injection. In this study, a pore-scale particle plugging simulator is concurrently coupled with a streamline reservoir simulator to predict the behavior of particles in the subsurface. The coupled simulators march forward in time together. The automated communication between the two models enables the prediction of spatially and time dependent parameters that control the particle transport process. At each time step, the reservoir simulator provides the inlet velocity and particle concentration of the fluid suspension to the pore-scale model which outputs the permeability, …
Impact Of Algae On Sugar Mill Effluents: Water Treatment And Added Value Assessment, Jacob Stephen Foy
Impact Of Algae On Sugar Mill Effluents: Water Treatment And Added Value Assessment, Jacob Stephen Foy
LSU Master's Theses
Installations similar to Louisiana sugar mills have been proposed as potential biorefineries for sugarcane, energy cane, and sweet sorghum. The nutrient-rich wastewater generated from the milling process can be used as an algal growth medium. Simultaneously, algae can serve as a water treatment strategy to deplete these effluents of excess nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic carbon. In this research the effluents of a sugar mill were characterized for water quality and nutrient characteristics; the effluents were determined to be suitable for growth of a native Louisiana co-culture of microalgae and cyanobacteria (Chlorella vulgaris/Leptolyngbya sp.); growth rate, biomass productivity and nutrient uptake …
Experimental Study Of A Cascade Of Low Pressure Turbine Blades With Upstream Periodic Stator Wakes, Carlos Rene Gonzalez Rodriguez
Experimental Study Of A Cascade Of Low Pressure Turbine Blades With Upstream Periodic Stator Wakes, Carlos Rene Gonzalez Rodriguez
LSU Master's Theses
The objective of this study is to experimentally study film cooling flows. A closed-loop wind tunnel with a four passage linear cascade of US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) ultra-high-lift L1A low pressure turbine (LPT) blades and upstream wake generator is used in conjunction with Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) flow visualization technique to study turbulent film cooling flows due to the interaction between vanes and blades. Further post-processing in the form of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) modal analyses is performed to determine the relevant modes that characterize the coherent structures in the flow. An image …
Design And Implementation Of A Passive Neurostimulator With Wireless Resonance-Coupled Power Delivery And Demonstration On Frog Sciatic Nerve And Gastrocnemius Muscle, Jose Aquiles Parodi Amaya
Design And Implementation Of A Passive Neurostimulator With Wireless Resonance-Coupled Power Delivery And Demonstration On Frog Sciatic Nerve And Gastrocnemius Muscle, Jose Aquiles Parodi Amaya
LSU Master's Theses
The thesis presented has four goals: to perform a comprehensive literature review on current neurostimulator technology; to outline the current issues with the state-of-the-art; to provide a neurostimulator design that solves these issues, and to characterize the design and demonstrate its neurostimulation features. The literature review describes the physiology of a neuron, and then proceeds to outline neural interfaces and neurostimulators. The neurostimulator design process is then outlined and current requirements in the field are described. The novel neurostimulator circuit that implements a solution that has wireless capability, passive control, and small size is outlined and characterized. The circuit is …