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Articles 31 - 60 of 106
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Mechanistic Foam Modeling And Simulations: Gas Injection During Surfactant-Alternating-Gas Processes Using Foam-Catastrophe Theory, Ali Afsharpoor
Mechanistic Foam Modeling And Simulations: Gas Injection During Surfactant-Alternating-Gas Processes Using Foam-Catastrophe Theory, Ali Afsharpoor
LSU Master's Theses
The use of foam for mobility control is a promising means to improve sweep efficiency in subsurface applications such as improved/enhanced oil recovery and aquifer remediation. Foam can be introduced into geological formations by injecting gas and surfactant solutions simultaneously or alternatively. Alternating gas and surfactant solutions, which is often referred to as surfactant-alternating-gas (SAG) process, is known to effectively create fine-textured strong foams due to fluctuation in capillary pressure. Recent studies show that foam rheology in porous media can be characterized by foam-catastrophe theory which exhibits three foam states (weak-foam, strong-foam, and intermediate states) and two strong-foam regimes (high-quality …
Atomistic Simulations Of Lipid Bilayers In The Presence Of Dimethylsulfoxide, Raghava Alapati
Atomistic Simulations Of Lipid Bilayers In The Presence Of Dimethylsulfoxide, Raghava Alapati
LSU Master's Theses
In a typical cryopreservation protocol, the system to be preserved is first equilibrated with chemicals known as cryoprotective agents (CPAs). CPAs have been shown to alleviate cell damage from either the solute effects or the formation of intracellular ice during the subsequent freezing process. Thus, an extensive body of literature reporting the effects of CPAs on cellular systems has been accumulated over the last 50 years; detailing largely experimental interactions between cell systems and chemicals. Recent advances in computational methodology now offer an additional dimension in our ability to understand the molecular interactions between cell membranes, idealized as lipid bilayers …
Biocompatible/ Bioresorbable Polymer Based Silver Nanaomaterial Coatng For Chronic Indwelling Medical Devices And Bioscaffolds For Tissue Regrowth, Ammar T. Qureshi
Biocompatible/ Bioresorbable Polymer Based Silver Nanaomaterial Coatng For Chronic Indwelling Medical Devices And Bioscaffolds For Tissue Regrowth, Ammar T. Qureshi
LSU Master's Theses
The objective of this study is to synthesize and characterize antimicrobial, bio-polymer based silver nanomaterials composite coatings, for use in chronic indwelling medical devices, and bioscaffolds. The coatings and bioscaffolds are comprised of novel biomass mediated silver nano particles (SNP) that are biocompatible, highly concentrated, highly pure, cost-effective, polydispersed and compatible with a range of polymer systems applicable for use with existing chronic indwelling medical devices. This thesis is divided into three main chapters. In Chapter 1, detailed review on the need for antimicrobial nanocomposite coatings for chronic indwelling medical devices along with different SNP synthesis and characterization methods is …
The Study Of Sediment Dynamics In A Shallow Estuary Using Integrated Numerical Modeling And Satellite Remote Sensing, Haihong Zhao
The Study Of Sediment Dynamics In A Shallow Estuary Using Integrated Numerical Modeling And Satellite Remote Sensing, Haihong Zhao
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The primary objective of the study is to develop an effective tool to investigate the resuspension, deposition and transport of mixed cohesive and non-cohesive sediments in an estuary. The research has integrated 1) statistical analyses of the primary forcing, 2) numerical models for hydrodynamics, surface waves and sediment transport, and 3) the MODIS (Moderate Imaging Spectroradiometer) remotely sensed imagery, to investigate hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics in Mobile Bay, Alabama. First, based on long-term meteorological and tidal observations, statistical analyses have been conducted to predict extreme values of winds and water levels at different return periods in the estuary. Application of …
Bacterial Characterization Of Louisiana Groundwater Contaminated By Dnapl-Containing Chloroethanes And Other Solvents, Kimberly Bowman
Bacterial Characterization Of Louisiana Groundwater Contaminated By Dnapl-Containing Chloroethanes And Other Solvents, Kimberly Bowman
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
In support of an effort to determine the feasibility of using an in-situ bioremediation strategy for cleanup of groundwater in an area containing chlorinated solvents present as a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL), the bacterial population in the groundwater at a Superfund site located near Baton Rouge, Louisiana was characterized. More than 3¡Á107 cells/mL in the groundwater were observed via microscopy. Universal bacterial and ¡°Dehalococcoides¡±-specific 16S rRNA gene libraries were constructed and analyzed. Universal clones grouped into 18 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), as defined by sequence similarity ¡Ý97.0%, which included several as yet undescribed organisms. Multiple unique sequences closely related …
The Development Of A Pore Pressure And Fracture Gradient Prediction Model For The Ewing Banks 910 Area In The Gulf Of Mexico, Jeffrey Steven Fooshee
The Development Of A Pore Pressure And Fracture Gradient Prediction Model For The Ewing Banks 910 Area In The Gulf Of Mexico, Jeffrey Steven Fooshee
LSU Master's Theses
The purpose of this project is to develop a pore pressure and fracture gradient prediction strategy for the Ewing Banks 910 (EW 910) area. Petrophysical and measured pressure data for eight wells previously drilled in the EW 910 area will be examined and reviewed. This strategy will help design future drilling and completion operations in the aforementioned area. Two pore pressure prediction strategies and one fracture gradient prediction strategy will be reviewed and applied to the available data. The first pore pressure prediction strategy reviewed was developed by W. R. Matthews. This strategy utilizes a geologic age specific overlay which …
Residential Building Damage From Hurricane Storm Surge: Proposed Methodologies To Describe, Assess And Model Building Damage, Carol J. Friedland
Residential Building Damage From Hurricane Storm Surge: Proposed Methodologies To Describe, Assess And Model Building Damage, Carol J. Friedland
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Although hydrodynamic models are used extensively to quantify the physical hazard of hurricane storm surge, the connection between the physical hazard and its effects on the built environment has not been well addressed. The focus of this dissertation research is the improvement of our understanding of the interaction of hurricane storm surge with the built environment. This is accomplished through proposed methodologies to describe, assess and model residential building damage from hurricane storm surge. Current methods to describe damage from hurricane events rely on the initiating mechanism. To describe hurricane damage to residential buildings, a combined wind and flood damage …
Nanoidentation Behavior Of Clay Minerals And Clay-Based Nonstructured Multilayers, Zhongxin Wei
Nanoidentation Behavior Of Clay Minerals And Clay-Based Nonstructured Multilayers, Zhongxin Wei
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Clay minerals, ubiquitous in the geosphere, are hydrous layered silicates or phyllosilicates that are made of nanometer-thick 2:1 or 1:1 layers. Understanding their mechanical properties of clay minerals is of vital importance to a variety of disciplines, such as geomechanics, geophysics, mineral physics, and nanocomposites. Owing to their complex crystal structure and size, however, accurate determination of their mechanical properties is a significant challenge. This dissertation presents the first research effort to study systematically the fundamental mechanical properties along the c-axis (e.g., elastic modulus, hardness) of a wide range of phyllosilicates with varying crystal structure and chemical compositions. To explore …
Thermomechanical Characterization Of A Shape Memory Polymer Based Syntactic Foam, Damon Nettles
Thermomechanical Characterization Of A Shape Memory Polymer Based Syntactic Foam, Damon Nettles
LSU Master's Theses
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are a type of smart material capable of “remembering” multiple shapes and transitioning between them in response to an external stimulus. They offer the potential to self-seal macro-length scale damage in a nearly autonomous fashion. Syntactic foams are lightweight structural materials currently used in the marine and aerospace industries. This study seeks to bring syntactic foams and SMPs together, retaining characteristics of both components, to create a low-density smart composite. The SMP based syntactic foam is used as the core of a grid stiffened sandwich structure capable of healing impact damage multiple times. In order to …
Intracellular Ice Formation In Adult Stem Cells In The Presence Of Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone, Avishek Guha
Intracellular Ice Formation In Adult Stem Cells In The Presence Of Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone, Avishek Guha
LSU Master's Theses
The main objective of this work was to assess the effect of 10% (w/v) polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) on the pattern of intracellular ice formation (IIF) in human adipose tissue derived adult stem cells (ASCs) in the absence of serum and other cryoprotective agents (CPAs). Passage 1 (P1) ASCs were cultured, washed and suspended in either 1x PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) or 10% w/v solution of PVP in 1x PBS. The freezing experiments were carried out using a fluorescence microscope equipped with a Linkam™ cooling stage using two different temperature/time cooling protocols. Both the cooling protocols had a common cooling ramp: cells …
Particle-Chemical Interactions And Environmental Chemodynamics Of Fine And Ultrafine Particles In A Natural Disaster Scenario, Nicholas A. Ashley
Particle-Chemical Interactions And Environmental Chemodynamics Of Fine And Ultrafine Particles In A Natural Disaster Scenario, Nicholas A. Ashley
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The interactions of fine and ultrafine particles with chemicals play a dominant role in determining the mobility and availability of pollutants in the environment. Fine particles in sediments can sequester chemicals from the water column, and release volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds to the gas phase upon exposure to air. Ultrafine particles which are photoreactive can degrade these vapor-phase contaminants, and may transform the molecules into species which are more toxic or hazardous than the parent. As the widespread, commercial use of ultrafine particles becomes more common, understanding the chemodynamics of these particles and their interactions with chemicals in the …
Slab-On-Girder Prestressed Concrete Bridges: Linear And Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis And Experimental Load Tests, Marcio Costa Araujo
Slab-On-Girder Prestressed Concrete Bridges: Linear And Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis And Experimental Load Tests, Marcio Costa Araujo
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
“A diaphragm is a transverse stiffener, which is placed between girders in order to maintain section geometry”, (AASHTO, 2002). Intermediate diaphragms, usually placed at the midspan or third points of a bridge, are thought to contribute to the overall distribution of live loads in bridges. Cast-in-place concrete intermediate diaphragms were investigated in this study in order to assess their load distribution effectiveness in prestressed concrete I-girder bridges. Finite element packages (Ansys and GT STRUDL) were used to perform the analyses for multiple bridge configurations, including a parametric study of span length, girder spacing, and concrete strength. It was found that …
Investigation Into The Hydrothermal Treatment Of Sugarcane Bagasse Under Near- And Supercritical Conditions, John E. White
Investigation Into The Hydrothermal Treatment Of Sugarcane Bagasse Under Near- And Supercritical Conditions, John E. White
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Processing biomass in near- and supercritical water has garnered increasing attention because of its ability to accept a variety of wet feedstocks, energy efficiency, and ability to regulate the solubility and separation of components. Very few studies of biomass hydrothermal conversion provide a comprehensive evaluation of multiple process parameters and various additives and their effects on a single product phase. This research examined the influence of temperature, residence time, biomass concentration, and particle size on volatiles production from the hydrothermal conversion of sugarcane bagasse. Temperature had the greatest impact on volatile yields with the largest increase (23 wt %) occurring …
Copula-Based Multivariate Hydrologic Frequency Analysis, Hemant Chowdhary
Copula-Based Multivariate Hydrologic Frequency Analysis, Hemant Chowdhary
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Multivariate frequency distributions are being increasingly recognized for their role in hydrological design and risk management. The conventional multivariate distributions are severely limited in that all constituent marginals have to be from the same distribution family. The copula method is a newly emerging approach for deriving multivariate distributions which overcomes this limitation. Use of copula method in hydrological applications has begun only recently and ascertaining the applicability of different copulas for combinations of various hydrological variables is currently an area of active research. Since there exists a variety of copulas capable of characterizing a broad range of dependence, the selection …
Granular Activated Carbon Sorption As A Load Equalization Mechanism In Operation Of Air Pollution Control Devices, Marilou Montevirgen Nabatilan
Granular Activated Carbon Sorption As A Load Equalization Mechanism In Operation Of Air Pollution Control Devices, Marilou Montevirgen Nabatilan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Transient periods of unsteady loading pose a challenge in design and operation of bioreactors for air pollution control. As a potential means of overcoming some of these challenges, a systematic study of granular activated carbon (GAC) sorption was conducted to further evaluate its potential as a load equalization mechanism for unsteady loading of volatile organic carbons (VOCs). GAC columns were experimentally tested under dynamic loading conditions involving variations in contaminant concentrations, gas flow rates, and relative humidity. Toluene was used as model VOC, and BPL 4x6 mesh GAC was used as a model adsorbent. The research was divided into four …
The Fate And Transport Of Light Petroleum Hydrocarbons In The Lower Mississippi River Delta, Samantha Nicole Danchuk
The Fate And Transport Of Light Petroleum Hydrocarbons In The Lower Mississippi River Delta, Samantha Nicole Danchuk
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Important processes governing the fate and transport of light petroleum hydrocarbons in the Lower Mississippi River and other river delta systems are not adequately represented in existing oil spill models. In response, three methods were introduced to include the effects of dynamic annual discharges and variation of shoreline type on shoreline retention and re-floatation and the potential of oil- mineral aggregate formation based contributing environmental factors. Parcel tracking was used, in conjunction with detailed shoreline types correlated to flow rate, to evaluate the benefits of using multiple shoreline re-floatation half lives correlated to shoreline type instead of a single half …
Impact Of Watershed Delineation Detail On Hydrologic Process Modeling In Low Slope Areas, Jason Alexander Braud
Impact Of Watershed Delineation Detail On Hydrologic Process Modeling In Low Slope Areas, Jason Alexander Braud
LSU Master's Theses
Ascension Parish, located along the Mississippi River in southern Louisiana, is a low-lying, low slope landscape that primarily drains into the tidally-influenced Lake Maurepas. The predominant method of drainage within the parish is gravity drainage. Ascension Parish is currently one of the fastest growing areas in the United States. New developments have changed the area’s hydrology along with its landscape. Proper watershed delineation within the parish is critical for the management of and future improvements to the parish’s drainage infrastructure. Most of the recent drainage modeling in the parish has been performed using a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) digital …
Supercritical Pyrolysis Of 1-Methylnaphthalene, Michelle Somers Walker
Supercritical Pyrolysis Of 1-Methylnaphthalene, Michelle Somers Walker
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Fuels used in future high-speed jet aircraft will act as coolants to absorb excess heat produced by the engine, exposing the fuel to elevated temperatures and pressures beyond the fuel’s critical point before entering the combustion environment. Fuels used in this capacity are subject to pyrolysis reactions in the supercritical environment, forming polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and eventually carbonaceous solids, a disastrous effect for aircraft operation. Thus, it is important to understand how different components of jet fuel will react in the supercritical pyrolysis environment, particularly if their reactions will lead to PAH and/or carbonaceous solids. To better understand these …
A Decision Making Framework For Hurricane Evacuation And Sheltering, Jason Fennell
A Decision Making Framework For Hurricane Evacuation And Sheltering, Jason Fennell
LSU Master's Theses
There are few tools currently available to emergency managers to assist in making decisions about whether to evacuate, shelter locally, or shelter-in-place, and none of these tools explicitly consider risk to life safety. A methodology was developed to provide risk-based guidance for evacuation versus sheltering decision making. The hurricane hazards considered in the developed methodology are high winds, storm surge flooding and waves, and rainfall flooding. Vulnerability of buildings to these hazards and the associated risks to life safety are then determined. These results are compared to the hazards and risks associated with evacuation, particularly for medical special needs populations …
Modeling The Risk Factors Associated With The Neck Disorders During Manual Material Handling Tasks, Ashish D. Nimbarte
Modeling The Risk Factors Associated With The Neck Disorders During Manual Material Handling Tasks, Ashish D. Nimbarte
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) of the neck or cervical spine result in longer sick leaves, substantial levels of human suffering, and high costs for society. Epidemiological studies clearly indicate strong associations between MSD of the neck and the work activities requiring forceful arm exertions and heavy lifting. However, studies evaluating the loading of the cervical spine during forceful arm exertions and heavy lifting tasks are limited. Major neck muscles, the sternocleidomastoid and the upper trapezius, run parallel to the cervical spine and couple the shoulder to the skull. It was hypothesized that such anatomical orientation may require these muscles to …
Micro Characterization Of Deformations In Granular Materials During Shear, Alsidqi Hasan
Micro Characterization Of Deformations In Granular Materials During Shear, Alsidqi Hasan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
One of the greatest challenges in studying the engineering behavior of granular materials is the lack of tools for an unobstructed view of a large quantity of microscopic particles. This dissertation presents a thorough characterization of deformations in sheared granular materials. The investigation involves experimental programs, utilization of computed tomography (CT) techniques, and application of Distinct Element Method (DEM). The investigation was conducted at multi-scale (macroscopic, mesoscopic, and microscopic) to better understand the physical properties and constitutive behavior of granular materials during shear. The experiments include conducting a series of axisymmetric triaxial, miniature axisymmetric triaxial, and biaxial experiments. They were …
Secure Distributed Detection In Wireless Sensor Networks Via Encryption Of Sensor Decisions, Venkata Sriram Siddhardh Nadendla
Secure Distributed Detection In Wireless Sensor Networks Via Encryption Of Sensor Decisions, Venkata Sriram Siddhardh Nadendla
LSU Master's Theses
We consider the problem of binary hypothesis testing using a distributed wireless sensor network. Identical binary quantizers are used on the sensor's observations and the outputs are encrypted using a probabilistic cipher. The third party (enemy) fusion centers are unaware of the presence of the probabilistic encipher. We find the optimal (minimum-probability-of-error) fusion rule for the ally (friendly) fusion center subject to a lower bound on the the probability of error for the third-party fusion centers. To obtain the minimum probability of error, we first prove the quasi-convexity of error probability with respect to the sensor's threshold for a given …
Development And Operational Analysis Of Highway Alternating Merge Transition Zones, Wakeel Ishola, Anthony Idewu
Development And Operational Analysis Of Highway Alternating Merge Transition Zones, Wakeel Ishola, Anthony Idewu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The design and control of work zone traffic control areas is governed by standards published by the United States Department of Transportation (US-DOT) and documented in the Manual for Uniform Control Devices (MUTCD). While these configurations have evolved over time to reflect safer and more efficient management practices and have become familiar to drivers, they are also recognized as areas of vehicle conflict that can cause congestion and safety problems. As part of this research, a new design has been developed that has the potential to lessen the detrimental effects of lane closures in work zones. This new concept, known …
Pore-Scale Analysis Of Dnapl Dissolution And Biomass Distribution, Keegan L. Roberts
Pore-Scale Analysis Of Dnapl Dissolution And Biomass Distribution, Keegan L. Roberts
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A comparison of equilibrium and non-equilibrium dissolution of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) was conducted to ascertain how PCE saturation, individual blob properties (volume, surface area, sphericity), and PCE occupied pores are affected by two distinct dissolution regimes. One-dimensional columns were imaged at various dissolution stages using high resolution (~10 um) synchrotron x-ray tomography (XT) and image subvolumes were analyzed using a series of grain, pore network structure, and blob analysis algorithms. An analysis of algorithm-generated data was conducted to determine grain and pore statistics, PCE saturation and individual blob properties, and correlations between PCE blobs and pore network structure. Grain and pore …
Large Eddy Simulation Of Turbulent Premixed Combustion In Gas Turbines, Ashoke De
Large Eddy Simulation Of Turbulent Premixed Combustion In Gas Turbines, Ashoke De
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
An artificially Thickened Flame (TF) approach based on LES framework is used to model the turbulent premixed combustion in gas turbine combustors. A number of variants of the Thickened Flame approach including a modified version of TF model have been studied in details. In the TF model, the flame front is artificially thickened to resolve on LES computational grid. With this approach, reaction rate modeling does not require any ad-hoc closure assumptions. However, suitable modifications have to be made to compensate for flame thickening. To verify the predictive capability of the models, a stoichiometric methane-air flame on Bunsen burner type …
Assessment Of Target Purity Difference For A Louisiana Sugar Mill, Luz Stella Polanco
Assessment Of Target Purity Difference For A Louisiana Sugar Mill, Luz Stella Polanco
LSU Master's Theses
The main goals of a “raw” sugarcane factory are to have an efficient profitable operation with the required sugar quality and maximum sugar recovery. The loss of sugar to final molasses accounts for 45 to 47% of the total sugar losses. An estimation of the average cost of the manufacturing losses for the 2007 harvest season was approximately $9 million – the sugar lost to the final molasses accounts for approximately 50% of this cost (Salassi, 2008). For final molasses, the “Target Purity” (or equilibrium purity) refers to the minimum level of sucrose that theoretically remains in solution for a …
Integrated Model-Centric Decision Support System For Process Industries, Daira Aragon
Integrated Model-Centric Decision Support System For Process Industries, Daira Aragon
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
To bring the advances in modeling, simulation and optimization environments (MSOEs), open-software architectures, and information technology closer to process industries, novel mechanisms and advanced software tools must be devised to simplify the definition of complex model-based problems. Synergistic interactions between complementary model-based software tools must be refined to unlock the potential of model-centric technologies in industries. This dissertation presents the conceptual definition of a single and consistent framework for integrated process decision support (IMCPSS) to facilitate the realistic formulation of related model-based engineering problems. Through the integration of data management, simulation, parameter estimation, data reconciliation, and optimization methods, this framework …
The Effects Of Inorganic Solids And Certain Gases On The Thermal Decomposition Of Catechol, Jerome Apilan Robles
The Effects Of Inorganic Solids And Certain Gases On The Thermal Decomposition Of Catechol, Jerome Apilan Robles
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
In order to investigate the effects of calcium carbonate and iron oxide on the thermal decomposition of solid fuels, we have constructed an isothermal flow reactor to perform experiments on the model compound catechol (ortho-dihydroxybenzene), a phenol-type compound representative of coal, wood and biomass. Calcium carbonate and iron oxide are inorganic components of coal and wood, which have demonstrated catalytic properties in thermal reactions and are commercially used to enhance the conversion of solid fuels. In this study, the effects of the inorganic solids on pyrolysis and combustion are conducted through identification and quantification of the products formed after subjecting …
Enhancing Reductive Dechlorination Of Chlorinated Ethenes And Ethanes In A Natural Treatment System, Caroline Burda
Enhancing Reductive Dechlorination Of Chlorinated Ethenes And Ethanes In A Natural Treatment System, Caroline Burda
LSU Master's Theses
Chlorinated solvent contamination continues to plague sites around the world. In many cases, lower chlorinated daughter products build up and remain in ground waters and soils. A Bio-Filter/Phytobed (BFP) system has been developed to replace a traditional pump and treat technology currently operating at the ReSolve Superfund site in North Dartmouth, MA. Pilot scale testing at the facility displayed a significant acclimation period prior to microbial dechlorination, as well as delayed degradation of chlorinated ethanes. Microcosm studies suggest that acidic conditions, possibly created by the peat mixture used to construct the bio-filter, inhibited bacterial growth. The neutralization of trench pH …
Dynamic Behavior Of Unsaturated Soils, Prathima Alla
Dynamic Behavior Of Unsaturated Soils, Prathima Alla
LSU Master's Theses
The behavior of unsaturated soils is different from the behavior of saturated soil deposits. Unsaturated soils have more than two phases; the pore water pressure in unsaturated soils is negative. The behavior of unsaturated soil when a dynamic loading such as an earthquake loading is imposed on them, the susceptibility of lab tested soils to liquefaction is investigated in this study. As the phenomenon of liquefaction occurs only in the case of saturated soil deposits, the behavior of unsaturated soil under these conditions is investigated. Sand and silty sand are used in this study, wetting and drying soil water characteristic …