Engineering Commons^™

Robust Design And Operation Of Quasi-Continuous Adenovirus Purification By Two-Column, Simulated Moving-Bed, Size-Exclusion Chromatography, Jose Mota, Ricardo Silva, Piergiuseppe Nestolla, Cristina Peixoto, Manuel Carrondo

Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing II

Adenoviruses (Ads) are considered one of the most suitable platforms for production of viral vaccines and gene therapy vectors. Their broad tissue tropism and large transgene packing capacity make them attractive candidates for innovative virotherapies. Ads can be produced in a complementary cell line in both adherent and suspension culture systems, such as HEK-293 or PER-C6 cells, or A549 for oncolytic therapies.

Liquid chromatography is currently the core technique for vector purification, and its use is often integrated vertically within the downstream processing (DSP) strategy, as it easily fits into the early capture stage as well as into the final …

Final Program, Kathy Chan

Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing II

No abstract provided.

Successfully Employing Single-Use Bioreactors For Different Expression Systems, Valentin Jossen, Regine Eibl, Dieter Eibl

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

The single-use bioreactor market was estimated to have grown at a CAGR of 20% in 2014. Wave-mixed bioreactors and stirred bioreactors represent the largest segment of today`s single-use bioreactor market, and are preferred by process developers and manufacturers of preclinical and clinical samples when high-value products up to medium scale and products requiring high safety demands are in focus. However, wave-mixed and stirred single-use bioreactors are also becoming increasingly important for commercial biopharmaceutical productions. This is ascribed to the availability of high-productivity cell lines, which require smaller bioreactors. In addition, the availability of bioengineering data and cultivation bags with improved …

Single-Use Bioreactor Technologies For Early Stage Development Of Microalgae Cultivation Processes, Gary Lye, Ebenezer Ojo, Hadiza Auta, Frank Baganz

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

This work describes the engineering characterization and evaluation of two novel, single-use photobioreactor technologies for microalgal cultivation. There is currently considerable interest in microalgae as alternative expression systems for the production of value-added chemicals as well as therapeutic proteins and vaccines. In contrast to mammalian expression systems, however, bioreactor platforms to address early stage development challenges are not well established particularly for phototrophic and mixotrophic cultivation strategies.

To support early stage cell line selection and process characterization a single-use, 24-well micro photo-bioreactor (mPBr) was established together with an illuminated and environmentally controlled shaker platform [1]. The same orbital shaker platform …

Challenges And Status: Single-Use Bioreactors For Microbial Processes, Peter Neubauer, Anna Maria Marba Ardebol, Friederike Hillig, Olivia Zakrzewski, Jorn Emmerich, N.M.G. Ooosterhuis, S. Junne

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Nowadays single-use bioreactors are fully accepted in the biopharmaceutical industry. Reactors up to 2000L working volume are commonly used. However, these bioreactors are limited in terms of mass-transfer and mixing capabilities and therefore only suited for application in mammalian cell culture. Single-use processing offers many benefits like cost reduction, flexibility, reduction of contamination risks, etc. These benefits apply for both microbial processes as for mammalian processes.

Additionally, for the use of marine microorganisms the application of single-use bioreactors (SUB) offers a possibility to circumvent problem of corrosion which occurs in steel bioreactors due to the high chloride ion concentration in …

Applying Practices From The Medical Device Industry To Ensure Patient Safety Of Single-Use Products In The Biotechnology Industry, Jan Oberdoerster

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Biocompatibility (i.e., the quality of not having toxic or injurious effects on biological systems) requirements for single-use products in the biotechnology industry can vary depending on point of use. For example, single-use syringes are considered a combination medical device and thus require assessment according to the ISO 10993 standards with test ranging from acute systemic toxicity to genotoxicity to sensitization. Processing equipment (e.g., reaction vessels, tubing, filters, chromatography columns) in contrast, generally requires a USP Class VI designation (a battery of in vivo tests consisting of acute systemic toxicity, intracutaneous reactivity, and muscle implantation) with rigorous requirements for leachates. The …

Homogenizing Biologic Drug Substance Bulk Using Single Use Mixing Systems, Benson Gikanga, Yufei Chen, Oliver Stauch, Yuh-Fun Maa

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Mixing of biologic Drug Substance (DS) is a critical process step during manufacturing of biologic Drug Product (DP). Generally, mixers used are equipped with either bottom-mounted or top-mounted agitators. Bottom-mounted mixers (BMMs), particularly those that are magnetically driven, are preferred because of their associated low risk of contamination, ease of use, and ability to accommodate low minimum mixing volumes. Despite these benefits the mechanical coupling of the rotating impeller and the male bearing on the tank may lead to shearing of monoclonal antibody (mAb) formulations generating elevated amount of particles in the DS or DP solution. This may lead to …

Single Use Polymeric Materials: The Science Of Safety, Mitchell Cheeseman

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

No abstract provided.

Cell Culture Scale Translation From A 24-Well Single-Use Miniature Bioreactor And Subsequent Impact On Product And Broth Quality, John Betts, Franc Baganz, Gary Lye, Steve Warr, Gary Finka, Mark Uden

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

To accelerate cell culture process development, most companies have validated scale-down models of their pilot and manufacturing scale bioreactors. Advancing such mimics to even smaller scales requires the large scale engineering environment to be accurately recreated. Here we describe a single-use microwell methodology that accurately reproduces not only cell growth kinetics but also key attributes related to product quality and broth processability.

The μ24 miniature bioreactor system enables system level control of agitation (by orbital shaking), with individual well control of pH, DO and temperature. Two distinct plate types are investigated, allowing for either headspace or direct gas sparging. An …

Robust, Fast And Accurate Ph Sensing Platform Solution Targeting Single Use Application, Srinivas Rao, Hardjinder Ladhar, Jai Krishnamurthy

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

QbD in biotech and life-sciences necessitates good process metrics in drug discovery, development and manufacturing. Accurate knowledge of pH measurements remains fundamentally important. There is much to be desired with use of conventional glass potentiometric probes for monitoring pH. Challenges being measurement accuracy, system drift, and need for frequent calibration. Additionally glass being fragile compounds the situation further in manufacturing.

Glass probes for pH measurement are really unattractive for single use system applications (SUS). Optical based solutions while easy to integrate lack range, need calibration and are a problem in storage (application timing).

We demonstrate a robust Platform Solution tested …

Grey Space Bioprocessing: Myth Or Reality?, Diana Lok, Ekta Mahajan

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

As disposable skids are more frequently used in biotech companies and their comfort increases, their applications have slowly surpassed research and development into clinical and commercial products that impact human patients.

As the biotech market continues to grow, there is interest in grey space processing due to lower initial capital and operating costs. The aspiration is to be able to perform processing in grey space to reduce facility requirements while maintaining product purity. This poster will address

1) What defines grey space

2) How single use technology can facilitate closed processing

3) Can we leverage single use closed processing to …

Risk Reduction In Single-Use Assemblies By Implementing Helium Integrity Test And A New Point-Of-Use Leak Test Using Palltronic® Flowstar Lgr Instrument For Critical Formulation And Filling Applications, Anil Kumar, Vishwas Pethe, Ralf Kuriyel, Helene Pora

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

This presentation will focus on challenges with implementation of single use, including robustness concerns, ensuring closures, integrity of multi-polymer systems both during manufacturing as well as at point of use. Despite numerous challenges, rapid adoption of single-use technologies still continues due its application in both more critical applications and expansion to commercial scale. More particularly, single use bioprocessing assemblies (Biocontainers and multi component single use systems) are being utilized in increasingly critical and demanding applications such as for holding and transporting sterile bulk drug substance and formulation and final filling. Therefore, potential of product loss and operator safety risk, have …

Assessing Cell Lines For Cell Growth Assays As Alternative For Existing Cytotoxicity Assays, Eike Jurkiewicz, Alexander Tappe

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Currently, biocompatibility assays based on USP Class VI or ISO 10993 standards are known to be unsuitable for evaluating the impact of SU technologies on biopharmaceutical processes. Although growth inhibiting substances like bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate (bDtBPP) have been present in raw materials of plastics, this specific substance has not been identified until recently (Hammond et al,. 2013) due to the insensitivity of commonly used cell lines. Up to today, the majority of plastic materials used in single-use containers for cell cultivation or media applications do not have the level of raw material control which is needed to ensure …

Acomdim Applied To Evaluate Gamma Irradiation Impact On Multilayer Pe Based Films, Fanny Gaston, Sylvain Marque, Nathalie Dupuy, Samuel Dorey

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

The use of single-use systems is becoming increasingly common in the biopharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. These systems are manufactured from polymers such as polyethylene (PE) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). For their future applications, these devices are sterilized by γ-irradiation with a dose between 25 and 45kGy. C. Artandi and W.V. Winkle[i] determined that 25kGy is the dose to be at 40% above the minimum needed to kill the most resistant microorganisms. The purpose of this study is to understand what happens on the surface of polymers after γ-sterilization. Optical spectroscopy are of great interest for chemical analysis and …

Engineering Characterisation Of A Rocked-Bag Bioreactor To Evaluate Key Effectors Of Successful Mammalian Cell Culture, Douglas Marsh, Matthew Osborne, Martina Micheletti, Gary Lye

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Engineering characterisation is essential for efficient and knowledge-led process development in biomanufacturing and to underpin the adoption of single-use technologies [1]. Despite diverse applications of rocked bag bioreactors, there is currently little understanding of the fundamental determinants of fluid mixing and mass transfer, which are important for mammalian cell culture.

In this work, a flexible single-use rocked bag bioreactor system has been fully evaluated in terms of volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient (k_La), CO₂ stripping rate and liquid phase mixing time (t_m) at 10, 20 and 50L scale. Five inputs were identified as potentially affecting …

Evaluation Of Sweeping As An Alternative To Sparging In A Rectangular Single-Use Bioreactor, Jean Francois Hamel

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

The development of single use bioreactors (SUBs) has led to the exploration of novel reactor geometries such as the rectangular, single-use bioreactor (Nucleo™ Pad Reactor, PALL Corporation). Sparging is currently used as the main method of providing oxygen to cells in both the traditional and rectangular bioreactor. However, cell damage from bubble bursting and foam entrapment makes sparging a poor way of providing oxygen for growing cells that are sensitive to these shear inducing effects, such as stem cells. An alternative aeration method, sweeping, provides O₂ by diffusion through liquid air interface, minimizing shear stress damage to cells arising …

Sensors For Continuous Monitoring Of Disposable Bioreactors, Kenneth Reardon

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Continuous monitoring of biotechnological processes is important for control and optimization of quality and productivity. Typically, samples must be removed from the cultivation and analyzed in a laboratory to determine the concentrations of substrates and products. These time-delayed data cannot be used for real-time process control. The Process Analytical Technology initiative of the FDA supports the use of on-line measurement techniques for process development, production, and quality. Single-use systems are increasingly used in biotechnological applications, and face at least as many challenges as their stainless steel counterparts for process monitoring because the range of available sensors is limited to temperature, …

Single-Use Bag Extractable Case Study: Lessons Learned, Jayanthi Grebin, Mike Johnson

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

A supplier's ability to furnish extractable data from single-use components and systems to end users is of extreme importance. The data allows an end user to effectively assess the risk these extractables have on process fluids and final drug products. The protocols followed to produce such data are currently a point of discussion between suppliers and end users. In this case study, single-use bags were subjected to a portion of the BioPhorum Operations Group (BPOG) extractable protocol. This poster documents the testing process and lessons learned when executing such an evaluation, along with suggestions to improve the uniformity of the …

Challenges Of Scale Down Model For Disposable Bioreactors: Case Studies On Growth & Product Quality Impacts, Jincai Li, Guangming Zhang, Huilin Zhu

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Despite wide-spread use of disposable bioreactors, there is a lack of well-established scale-down model for larger scale SUBs. Here we report a case of NS0 cell culture process transfer from 2000L stainless steel bioreactor (SST) to 2000L disposable bioreactor (SUB). Initial attempts in trying to grow the NS0 cells in the small scale 2D bags yielded non-satisfactory results, as growth was impacted by bag material type as well as by suppliers of the same bag material type. However, 3D bags of 50L and above proved to be supportive of the NS0 cell line growth.

Even for cell lines that do …

Microbial Applications Of Single Use Bioreactor Systems, James Rutley, Gary Lye

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

This work describes the ongoing assessment of single use bioreactors (SUBs) and their suitability for culturing microbial expression systems. Microbial expression systems are responsible for significant revenues as part of the biotechnology industry, in fact, their projected value for 2016 is in excess of $250 billion [1]. This promotes further interest in the area, with novel expression systems and pathways constantly under construction for the generation of bulk and high value chemicals.

The advantages offered by single use bioreactor technology has lead to increased adoption in many areas of bioprocessing [2], and microbial fermentation is no different. Applications include simple …

What's In The Bag?, Rebecca Olsen, Diane Hahm, Jing Li

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

As the bioprocessing industry continues to shift towards single-use systems, there is an increasing need for polymers with improved functionality. This article includes a review of the chemistry and functionality of various polymeric families, and a description of various tools that can be useful. Polyethylene resins are largely used in a variety of single use applications. This paper describes polyethylene chemistry in more detail so that single use system manufacturers and biopharmaceuticals manufacturers can optimize the use of polyethylene polymers in a particular application. The process in which the families of polyethylene polymer resins are manufactured dictates the degree of …

Conversion Of Polymers – Properties And Processing, Phillip Jordan

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

The use of polymeric materials for manufacturing single-use disposable devices in biopharmaceutical processes to replace multi-use stainless steel systems is a steady trend.

A general overview on thermoplastic polymers is given: Commodity Materials, Engineering Plastics and High-Performance Plastics, with the focus on polymers frequently used in biotechnology applications.

This range of material covers rigid materials for components like connectors, filling needles, filters, etc., but also flexible materials for bags and tubing.

Thermoplastic Elastomeric materials (TPE) and Silicone are used for tubing applications. TPE materials can be seen as some kind of hybrid between thermoplastic and elastomeric polymers.

The characteristic conversion …

The Practical Application Of Bpog E&L Protocols To Viral Clearance Filters, Paul Killian, Thomas Stone, Jessica Shea

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Regulatory guidance advocates virus control at various stages of the drug manufacturing process and directs that you test the capacity of the process to remove or inactivate virus. Patient safety concerns require you to determine what impurities may be added by the virus control steps you implement. While the application of a standardized approach to identifying and quantifying the extractables from these steps has benefits when making comparisons, choices have to be made when developing the protocol that take into account the characteristics of the clearance device and use conditions This presentation will illustrate the practical implementation of standardized extractables …

Static Vs. Dynamic Extraction – Comparing Best Practice For Single Use Technology, Paul Killian, Ven A. Raman, Jessica Shea, Mae Santos-Rosa

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Which is the more discriminating method for single use technology– static or dynamic extraction? Discussion among industry groups and subject matter experts has been intense. However, very little data exist comparing the two techniques. This presentation will present the findings of a side-by-side study that compares the extractables generated from gamma irradiated 10” filters using each technique. The discussion will compare and contrast the profiles of the total organic carbon (TOC), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), pH, and metals extracted. The discussion will compare the profiles with time for each technique for each analysis, as well as …

Adopting A Fully Single-Use Process To Improve Speed To Clinic: A Leachables Case Study, Jessica Shea, Elizabeth Goodrich, Ross Acucena, Paul Killian, Janmeet Anant

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

The implementation of single-use technologies for pharmaceutical product development continues to gain momentum; this trend is due to the advantages of increased flexibility, speed of implementation and lower capital investment In particular, they are seen as a means to accelerate the production of material for clinical trials. However, a primary concern regarding the use of such technologies is the impact leachables on patient safety in the final drug substance. Typically this concern is addressed through a patient safety evaluation utilizing extractable substances data based on model solvent extractions and from individual components and devices.

However, little if any data has …

Interchangeability Of Sus - Functional Specification And Materials Of Construction, Chris Smalley

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Functionally equivalent substitution of an alternate supplier of a Single Use Component for an existing Single Use design provides a business contingency, or a process improvement, with equivalent performance and product quality. As an end-user, we are responsible for assessing the quality requirements to assure that the specifications are being met. This presentation will discuss the need for standards for designs and points to consider when implementing a Single Use Strategy that incorporates the potential for interchangeability

Large Scale Freeze-Thaw Bag System For Protein Bulk Storage: Prototypes Development, Phillippe Lam

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Freezing of large quantities of protein bulk has generally been handled using “freeze-thaw vessels”, which are essentially jacketed metal tanks with additional cooling surface provided by internal coil and fin assemblies. With the recent industry push towards using disposables, it is desirable to explore disposable technology alternatives to costly freeze-thaw vessels. In this presentation we discuss our approach at designing and testing of first and second generation prototypes for a large bag freezing system developed in-house. The system, which is compatible with our existing and commercially available freeze-thaw skids, can handle 300 L of bulk at a time. Our approach …

Particulates Reduction Efforts In Single Use Technologies: A Case Study, Klaus Wormuth, Royce Brockett, Mathieu Labedan

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Single use technologies require a close collaboration between supplier and end-user with regards to cleanliness issues, primarily focused on particulate contamination. Since a large percentage of drug recalls relate to particulate contamination, and detection of a single visible particle in a dose of injectable drug is considered a critical issue and thus causes significant time and money to remedy, reduction of risk related to particulate contamination is of highest priority. Particulate detection is challenging in single use systems due to the complexity of the devices. As this presentation will show, concerted efforts to reduce particulate generation at all steps of …

Appraisal Of The Mixing Performance Of Single-Use Shaken Bioreactors, Gregorio Rodriguez, Tibor Anderlei, Andrea Ducci, Martina Micheleti

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

The pharmaceutical industry is at the forefront of the production of antibodies using mammalian cell-based cultures, with single-use technologies gaining prominence in the manufacturing process. At laboratory scale mammalian cells are usually grown in low shear devices, with disposable shaken bioreactors being largely employed in the early stages of bioprocess development. It has been a recent industry trend to use shaken bioreactors at large scale in the upstream process, performing cell culture in single-use bags which eliminate the need for cleaning in place, offer flexibility and lower production down-times. Single-use Orbitally Shaken Bioreactors (OSRs) consist of a shaker, a structural …

Integration Considerations For Replacing Stainless Steel Tanks With Single-Use Mixers, Hana Sheikh

Single-Use Technologies: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

There is an increased interest in single use technology in the biotechnology industry. The first integration of single use technology in traditional facilities may come with many growing pains during implementation. There are challenges in meeting the demands of end users and the changes to standard operating procedures and processes. By replacing stainless steel tanks with single use mixers, there can be a significant change to operations such as: sampling, pool hold, mixing, additions, and pool transfer. Through thoughtful design of the single-use mixers many of these changes to operations can be managed and integrated seamlessly into the processes. In …