Engineering Commons^™

Turbulence Effects Upon Laser Propagation In The Marine Boundary Layer, K. L. Davidson, T. M. Houlihan

Symposia on Turbulence in Liquids

Shipboard measurements of small scale temperature and velocity fluctuations have been accomplished to determine optical wave propagation properties of the marine boundary layer. Measurements were recorded for ocean conditions in Monterey Bay and in the confines of the Pacific Missile Range. Laser beam propagation measurements were performed in conjunction with the meteorological measurements.

Session Chairman Introductory Remarks, R. J. Hansen

Symposia on Turbulence in Liquids

No abstract provided.

Periodic And Random Excitation Of Streamlined Structures By Trailing Edge Flows, W. K. Blake

Symposia on Turbulence in Liquids

This paper is an examination of semi-empirical techniques which are shown to be effective in predicting the response of hydrofoils to flow excitation. Examples are given for buffeting by inflow turbulence, excitation by the boundary-layer pressures on the hydrofoil, and linear and non-linear excitation by vortex street formation in the wake. Co-ordinated aerodynamic and hydrodynamic measurements are used in Reynolds number - scaled experiments to determine both the flow induced forces and the hydro-elastic behavior on cantilever struts. An analytical formulation based on normal mode theory is used to combine the results.

An Investigation Of The Criteria Controlling Sustained Self-Excited Oscillations Of Cylinders In Flowing Water, R. King

Symposia on Turbulence in Liquids

In this paper, water channel experimental data are discussed and compared with conventional wind-tunnel data. Stability criteria are proposed for the cross-flow and flow directions of oscillation. Fluctuating drag force coefficients are deduced from a linear mathematical representation of the cylinder located in flowing water and oscillating in the flow direction.

Local Mass Transfer In Turbulent Flow By Electrochemical Methods, C. Deslouis, I. Epelboin, B. Tribollet, L. Viet

Symposia on Turbulence in Liquids

Mass transfer to the surface of rotating electrodes during turbulent flow was studied by electrochemical methods under steady and non-steady state diffusion conditions.

The flow was due to a large rotating disk made from insulating material, flush with the surface of which was mounted a ring shaped electrode of platinum or nickel.

A local study of the radial component of the convective diffusion in turbulent flow was carried out with very thin ring electrodes (width ΔR ~ 0,05 mm). The diffusion layer thickness was varied relatively to the diffusion sublayer thickness by changing the ring width or the rotation speed …

Experimental Study Of Turbulence In Plane Separated Flows, R. Smyth

Symposia on Turbulence in Liquids

Some recent attempts at predicting turbulent two- dimensional recirculating flows have concentrated on modelling the turbulent energy equations used in the finite difference analysis methods of solutions of the elliptic partial differential equations governing these flows. These attempts have to some extent been restricted by the lack of experimental studies of the high turbulence intensities found in separated flows. The improvement of the pulsed hot-wire anemometer and the laser Doppler anemometer have made possible such studies and this paper describes an investigation using the laser Doppler anemometer in a separated flow situation. Results are given of an experimental study of …

Some Observations Of Wake Behavior In Laminar And Turbulence Free Stream Flow, L. E. Seeley, R. L. Hummel, J. W. Smith

Symposia on Turbulence in Liquids

Visual observations of the sphere wake have been obtained using the flash photolysis technique. Free stream turbulence of 7 and 10% was found to progressively reduce the size of the wake but no turbulence was found in the attached shear layer nor was the position of the separation point affected. A separation bubble was identified as predicted by Son and Hanratty (1969). Evidence is presented to show that drag reduction in turbulent free streams is not due to turbulence in the attached boundary layer but to enhanced momentum transfer in the wake.

The Roles Of Large Scale Structures In The Initial Development Of Circular Jets, F. K. Browand, J. Laufer

Symposia on Turbulence in Liquids

Experimental results are presented describing the flow field surrounding the potential core of a circular water jet in the Reynolds number region between 5,000 and 15,000. This field is divided into three regions: 1) the shear layer instability zone; 2) the vortex interaction region; and 3) the zone of higher order instability mode and turbulence generation. It is shown that the origin of the large scale structures just downstream of the potential cone can be traced to the upstream vortices, but their statistical behaviour (passage frequency, spatial coherence) seems to be independent of the initial shear layer instability.

Stereoscopic Photography Of Shear Flow Turbulence, A. K. Praturi, H. C. Hershey, R. S. Brodkey

Symposia on Turbulence in Liquids

The last several years have seen numerous advances in the understanding of the coherent motions that exist in turbulent shear flows. These studies have provided the underlying basis of most of the experimental investigations of coherent motions using conditional sampling, quadrant splitting, pattern recognition, etc. Lacking, however, in the visual work is a true three- dimensional view of the processes, which are known to be three-dimensional in nature. Possible means of providing information about the third dimension are reviewed. Details of an evaluation of a stereoscopic-photographic, high-speed motion picture system are given. The system utilizes the boundary layer flow channel …

Deposition Of Suspensions In Laminar Flow In The Entrance Region Ofa Channel And In A Diffuser, Shawki Mahmoud Eldighidy

Dissertations

In this investigation, the deposition of suspensions in laminar flow in the entrance region of a channel and a diffuser was considered.

The particulate phase was considered to he under the action of the electric field force clue to electrostatic charges. In addition, a lift force acting on each particle at the wall arising from the fluid shear near the wall and an adhesive force between each particle and the wall due to the difference of the material properties for both particle and walls were considered as surface forces.

The suspension flow was assumed to be incompressible, laminar, dilute, and …

Computer Program For Binary Distillation Using The Method Of Pochon-Savarit With Enthalpy Data Calculated By Lagrange Interpolation, Joseph J. Rogus

Theses

This thesis presents a Fortran Computer Program to solve binary distillation problems. The solution is obtained by the method of Pochon-Savarit which is based upon graphical use of an enthalpy-concentration diagram. The enthalpy data in this program is calculated using Lagrange interpolation. This is accomplished by utilizing the Lagrange interpolation to get values for the enthalpy of the vapor until we find that value which lies on the same line as the enthalpy of the liquid from the preceding tray and its corresponding del point.

The required input data consist of liquid-vapor equilibrium data, heat of solution data with the …

Initial Specifications Electronic Information Exchange System (Eie), Computerized Conferencing & Communications Center, Murray Turoff

Computerized Conferencing and Communications Center Reports

This document is intended as a SPECIFICATIONS MANUAL to guide the development of the EIE System. It does not represent a User Manual although it contains the specification of the user abilities on the system. It is written in a highly segmented style which reflects the potential use of the material in the on-line EXPLANATION file which will be available as part of the EIE System and which will allow users to retrieve just enough information to satisfy a specific question on system use and options.

This comprehensive specification document is much harder to utilize for learning the system than …

17th Annual Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Final program and abstracts from the 17th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference, sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 4-8, 1975.

Relativistic Scattered-Wave Theory, Cary Y. Yang, Sohrab Rabii

Electrical and Computer Engineering

A scattered-wave formalism based on the one-electron Dirac equation for a muffin-tin potential is presented. It is shown that the resulting relativistic secular equations reduce to their nonrelativistic counterparts in the infinite-rest-energy limit.

Pollution Of Surface Irrigation Waters By Plant Pathogenic Organisms, James R. Steadman, C. R. Maier, H. F. Schwartz, E. D. Kerr

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Systematic sampling of waterways and irrigation runoff from agricultural lands in the North Platte Project of Nebraska in July and August of 1972–1974 demonstrated that phytopathogenic organisms were disseminated. The organisms monitored included the bean common blight bacterium Xanthomonas phaseoli, the bean white mold fungus Whetzelinia sclerotiorum and various nematodes. Although many types of nematodes often were recovered from irrigation water, Heterodera sp. cysts which cause significant disease problems in the valley were found infrequently. Patterns of movement of the bacterial and fungal organisms were correlated with previous or current season infection of bean plants. The short-term survival of X. …

Loads On Box Culverts Under High Embankments: Positive Projection, Without Imperfect Trench, Rick L. Russ

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report describes the instrumentation and measurements of settlements and pressures on two box culverts in Clark County, Kentucky, designed without the imperfect trench -- one for yielding and one for unyielding foundation conditions. The structures were primarily instrumented for comparison with three structures previously constructed in McCreary County, which were designed using the imperfect trench method. Pressures on the two structures in Clark County generally exceed the product of the unit weight of the overlying material and its height. The pressures on the culverts in McCreary County appear to be lower than expected -- indicating that the imperfect trench …

Steady State Fluidics: The Static Matching Of Fluidic Amplifiers And Loads, Frank J. Redd

Theses and Dissertations

"Fluidics" is the title applied to a relatively new technology which is concerned with the control of fluid power and the processing of information through the use of the fluid mechanical properties of the fluid medium itself. The absence of moving parts and the relatively low sensitivity to enviromental conditions suggest the probability that fluidic systems will prove to be faster and more reliable than the mechanically controlled (valves, diaphragms, springs, etc.) fluid systems which they are designed to replace.

Waviness Distortion In Mechanical Face Seals, Joseph J. Roesch

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

In this thesis the phenomenon of waviness distortion in mechanical face seal washers is investigated. Waviness in face seals leads to leakage in some applications. When leakage becomes significant, the seal must be replaced. If the distortion causing mechanism can be described, improvement in seal performance and behavior may be possible.

The components and function of the mechanical face seal are first discussed. It is seen that only one component of the seal unit shows significant deterioration over a period of time. It is also seen that this component, the face washer, wears in a characteristic manner. The characteristics of …

Computer Aided Design For Fluidic Sequential Circuits Of Fundamental Mode, Yau-Hwang Lee

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis presents the method of state diagram synthesis and the development of a computer program for designing fluidic sequential feedback control circuits of the fundamental mode. A paper on state diagram synthesis was authored by Chen and Lee, presented in Detroit and published as ASME paper 73-WA/Flcs-2 in 1973.

Hypothetical systems are illustrated by using series of events characterized by the piston positions of some double-acting pneumatic cylinders. In these systems , an action can only begin when the previous action has been completed. Every extension or retraction of a piston is memorized and manifested by a flip-flop element …

Investigation Of Electron-Beam Deposited Titanium Dioxide On Silicon For Application In Mos Devices, William David Brown

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Titanium dioxide (Ti02) has been studied to determine the feasibility of using this dielectric material in Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor (MIS) structures. MIS structures utilizing various dielectric materials have received considerable attention in recent years. Materials such as titanium dioxide which exhibit a high permittivity are attractive as insulators in MIS devices because of high capacitive density, good surface control for thick films, large power handling capability, and reduction in device size.

Ar 10-50, Organization And Functions, United States Army Medical Intelligence And Information Agency, 16 July 1975., Headquarters, Department Of The Army, Robert Bolin , Depositor

United States Department of Defense Military Intelligence

The purpose of the regulation is described as setting “… forth the mission and principle functions of the United States Medical Intelligence and Information Agency, a Field Operating Agency of the Office of The Surgeon General…”[US Army]. In other words, the MIIA is a special purpose organization reporting to The Surgeon General, chief of the Army Medical Department and senior medical staff officer in the US Department of the Army.

The mission of the MIIA…”is to produce medical scientific and technical intelligence (S&TI) and general medical intelligence (GMI) studies required by the Department of Defense; to provide timely medical intelligence …

An Examination Of Thermal Stress As A Mechanism For Cladding Failure In A Hypothetical Lmrbr Transiet, Douglas Wakerfield Croucher

Nuclear Engineering ETDs

Stainless steel clad uranium dioxide fuel pellets were pulse irradiated in the Annular Core Pulse Reactor to evaluate thermal stress as a contributing mechanism for cladding failure in hypothetical LMFBR transients. The 6.2 mm diameter UO2 fuel pellets, with enrichments up to 25 w/o 235UO2, were helium bonded to 0.381 mm thick Type-316 stainless steel cladding and were irradiated in a helium environment with reactor pulses having initial periods as short as 1.5 milliseconds. In experiments conducted elsewhere with longer initial periods, the primary fuel failure mechanisms observed were differential fuel-cladding thermal expansion, intragranular fission-gas-induced fuel swelling, transient fission gas …

Apollo/Soyuz Tv Guide: "Soyuz, Soyuz, This Is Apollo...", Bob Button

Articles

This is a TV Guide from 1975 that features a story about the televised Apollo/Soyuz mission.

First-Year Effects Of The Energy Crisis On Traffic In Kentucky (Rural Highways), Kenneth R. Agent, Donald R. Herd, Rolands L. Rizenbergs

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The Arab oil embargo in mid-October 1973 curtailed availability of gasoline. Fuel conservation measures resulted in reduced travel and decreased traffic speeds. On March 1, 1974, posted speed was set at 55 mph (88 km/h) on rural highways in Kentucky. Traffic volumes, speeds, and accidents for the rural highway during the period known as the "energy crisis" and its after effects were compared to the corresponding period a year earlier.

Traffic volumes began to decline in December 1973 and continued through September 1974. Total travel in the 12 months through November 1974 decreased by 2.3 percent; traffic increased by five …

The Effectiveness Of School Signs With Flashing Beacons In Reducing Vehicle Speeds, Charles V. Zegeer

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A detailed study of signs with flashers in school zones was conducted to determine their effectiveness in reducing the speeds of vehicles during times of pedestrian activity. Field investigations were conducted at all of the 120 flasher locations in Highway Districts 6, 7, and 9. About 14 percent of the flashers were inoperative. Such problems as non-uniform signing, hidden flashers, deteriorating signs and pavement markings, and poor sight distances were also found.

Speed studies were conducted at 48 locations. Average speed reductions were only 3.6 mph (1.6 m/s) during flashing periods. Signs and flashers at high-speed (55-mph (25-m/s)) locations increased …

Combined Reflection And Transmission Thin-Film Ellipsometry: A Unified Linear Analysis, Rasheed M.A. Azzam, M. Elshazly-Zaghloul, N. M. Bashara

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

A scheme of combined reflection and transmission ellipsometry on light-transmitting ambient-film-substrate systems is proposed and the required sample design and instrument operation are investigated. A comparative study of the sensitivity of external and internal reflection and transmission ellipsometry is carried out based on unified linear approximations of the exact equations. These approximations are general in that an arbitrary initial film thickness is assumed. They are simple, because a complex sensitivity function is introduced whose real and imaginary projections determine the psi (Ψ) and delta (Δ) sensitivity factors. Among the conclusions of this paper are the following. (1) External reflection ellipsometry …

The Synthesis Of New Maleimide Addition Polymer Precursors, Richard B. Brown

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

1H-2,3-dimethylpyrrolo(1,2-a) benzimidazol-l-one (27) and 1H,9H- 2,3,7,8-tetramethyl-bispyrrolo(1,2-a:6,7-a')benzodiimidazo1-1,9-dione (32) have been synthesized from dimethylmaleic anhydride and o-phenylenediamine and 1,2,4,5-tetraaminobenzene, respectively. The presence of reactive olefinic double bonds in the synthesized compounds was of interest as a site for possible addition polymerization.

The synthetic route involved, in both cases, a simple nucleophilic substitution reaction between the diamine(or tetraamine) and the anhydride to form an intermediate amide-acid-amine which rapidly cyclized to the imide amine. The final ring closure required more rigorous conditions and occurred at melt reaction temperatures.

An Investigation Of The Optical Absorption Properties Of Silicon As Related To Its Electrical Conductivity, Onofrio Louis Russo

Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining the electrical conductivity of band gap semiconductors, by considering the absorption of radiation in the visible region. The experimental evidence confirmed predictions that the conductivities of the silicon samples are related to the horizontal displacement of energy in the absorption curves. The material used in this study was p-doped silicon, although the approach should be valid in general for either elemental or compound semiconductors.

The absorption coefficient for silicon was measured in the radiation region between 2.0 and 3.0 ev. This region above the indirect band gap (= …

Optimal Control And Identification Of Stochastic Systems Using Differential Game Theory, Harry Marvin Burbank

Dissertations

This dissertation deals with linear systems subjected to stochastic disturbances. The class of stochastic processes considered is the class of second order stochastic processes characterized by having finite continuous covariance. The properties of the covariance provide means to formulate optimization problems without the difficulties present when the covariance is not finite or continuous.

The first aspect studied was several classes of optimal control problems. The effects of the stochastic processes were approximated by the effects of its first two moments. This procedure resulted in allowing optimal system controls to be found whatever the first two moments of the stochastic input …

The Thermal Dehydration Of Magnesium Sulfate Hexahydrate (Mgso3.6h2o) And Magnesium Sulfite Trihydrate (Mgso3.3h2o), Raafat F. Abdel-Malek

Theses

The thermal dehydration of MgSO₃.3H₂O and MgSO₃.6H₂O have been studied by differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric analysis.

Similar studies by other groups led to contradictory conclusions. In this investigation, these results were reconciled and it was concluded that MgSO₃.6H₂O, under equilibrium conditions, dehydrates in two steps through the intermediate formation of MgSO₃.3H₂O.

One consequence of this work is the development of a simple analytical procedure, using TGA, for the quantitative determination of both hydrates in mixtures and in the presence …