Engineering | Open Access Articles | Digital Commons Network™

Parallel Computation In Communication And Signal Processing, Amean Al_Safi, Bradley Bazuin, Liqaa Alhafadhi

Amean S Al_Safi

The powerful computation of GPU has increased the computation speed up of many systems. This paper summarize some of the most important work in the field of communication and signal processing using GPU

Go to article

Review Of Emg-Based Speech Recognition, Amean Al_Safi, Liqaa Alhafadhi

Amean S Al_Safi

This study represents a review of the main studies in EMG-based speech recognition. Its main goal is to support the researchers in the biomedical field with a survey of the solved and unsolved problem in the direction since it has received a great attention during last decade due to its promise applications such as underwater communication and silent speech recognition. Hence this study is a very good starting point for the researchers interested in this area of research

Go to article

Rational Design Of Mixed Ionic And Electronic Conducting Perovskite Oxides For Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Materials: A Case Study For Doped Srtio3, Suwit Suthirakun, Guoliang Xiao, Salai Ammal, Fanglin Chen, Hans-Conrad Zur Loye, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Origin Of The Unique Activity Of Pt/Tio2 Catalysts For The Water–Gas Shift Reaction, Salai Ammal, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Theoretical Investigation Of H2 Oxidation On The Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6 (001) Perovskite Surface Under Anodic Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Conditions, S. Suthirakun, Salai Ammal, A. Muñoz-García, G. Xiao, Fanglin Chen, Hans-Conrad Zur Loye, E. Carter, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Obtaining Mixed Ionic/Electronic Conductivity In Perovskite Oxides In A Reducing Environment: A Computational Prediction For Doped Srtio3, S. Suthirakun, Salai Ammal, G. Xiao, Fanglin Chen, Kevin Huang, Hans-Conrad Zur Loye, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Mechanism Of Sulfur Poisoning Of Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6-Δ Perovskite Anode Under Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Conditions, Eric Walker, Salai Ammal, Suwit Suthirakun, Fanglin Chen, Gabriel Terejanu, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

L-Shaped Three-Center Two-Electron (C−C−C)+ Bonding Array, N. Yoshikai, Salai Ammal, E. Nakamura

Salai C. Ammal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Dynamics-Driven Reaction Pathway In An Intramolecular Rearrangement, Salai Ammal, H. Yamataka, M. Aida, M. Dupuis

Salai C. Ammal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Integrated Computational Chemistry System For Catalysts Design, Salai Ammal, S. Takami, M. Kubo, A. Miyamoto

Salai C. Ammal

The understanding of valuable catalytic and adsorptive properties of heterogeneous catalysts at atomic and electronic levels is essential for the design of novel catalysts. Computer simulation studies can significantly contribute to provide a rational interpretation of the observed experimental results and suggest modification of new catalysts. Our recent work on the application of integrated computer simulation methods to investigate the structure and catalytic properties of solid surfaces including zeolites, transition metals and their oxides have been reviewed in this paper. We have emphasized the effectivity and applicability of integrated computer simulation system to solve the problems in a variety of …

Go to article

On The Importance Of Metal–Oxide Interface Sites For The Water–Gas Shift Reaction Over Pt/Ceo2 Catalysts, S. Aranifard, Salai Ammal, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Synergistic Dimetallic Effects In Propargylic Substitution Reaction Catalyzed By Thiolate-Bridged Diruthenium Complex, Salai Ammal, N. Yoshikai, Y. Inada, Y. Nishibayashi, E. Nakamura

Salai C. Ammal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Combinatorial Computational Chemistry Approach To The Design Of Metal Oxide Electronics Materials, B. Rodion, Salai Ammal, Y. Inaba, Y. Oumi, S. Takami, M. Kubo, A. Miyamoto, M. Kawasaki, M. Yoshimoto, H. Koinuma

Salai C. Ammal

Combinatorial chemistry has been developed as an experimental method where it is possible to synthesize hundreds of samples all at once and examine their properties. Recently, we introduced the concept of combinatorial approach to computational chemistry for material design and proposed a new method called `a combinatorial computational chemistry'. In this approach, the effects of large number of dopants, substrates, and buffer layers on the structures, electronic states, and properties of metal oxide electronics material is estimated systematically using computer simulations techniques, in order to predict the best dopant, substrate, and buffer layer for each metal oxide electronics materials.

Go to article

Density Functional Theory Study On The Electronic Structure Of N- And P-Type Doped Srtio3 At Anodic Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Conditions, S. Suthirakun, Salai Ammal, G. Xiao, Fanglin Chen, Hans-Conrad Zur Loye, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

The electronic conductivity and thermodynamic stability of mixed n-type and p-type doped SrTiO3 have been investigated at anodic solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) conditions using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In particular, constrained ab initio thermodynamic calculations have been performed to evaluate the phase stability and reducibility of various Nb- and Ga-doped SrTiO3 at synthesized and anodic SOFC conditions. The density of states (DOS) of these materials was analyzed to study the effects of n- and p-doping on the electronic conductivity. In agreement with experimental observations, we find that the transformation from 20% Nb-doped Sr-deficient SrTiO3 to a non-Sr-deficient phase …

Go to article

Spatial-Rank Order Selection Filters, Kenneth Barner, Russell Hardie

Russell C. Hardie

Chapter 3: "Spatial-Rank Order Selection Filters"
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Selection Filters and Spatial-Rank Ordering
3.3 Spatial-Rank Order Selection Filters
3.4 Optimization
3.5 Applications
3.6 Future Directions

Go to article

Gradient-Based Edge Detection Using Nonlinear Edge-Enhancing Prefilters, Russell Hardie, Charles Boncelet

Russell C. Hardie

This correspondence examines the use of nonlinear edge enhancers as prefilters for edge detectors. The filters are able to convert smooth edges to step edges and suppress noise simultaneously. Thus, false alarms due to noise are minimized and edge gradient estimates tend to be large and localized. This leads to significantly improved edge maps.

Go to article

Ranking In Rp And Its Use In Multivariate Image Estimation, Russell Hardie, Gonzalo Arce

Russell C. Hardie

The extension of ranking a set of elements in R to ranking a set of vectors in a p'th dimensional space Rp is considered. In the approach presented here vector ranking reduces to ordering vectors according to a sorted list of vector distances. A statistical analysis of this vector ranking is presented, and these vector ranking concepts are then used to develop ranked-order type estimators for multivariate image fields. A class of vector filters is developed, which are efficient smoothers in additive noise and can be designed to have detail-preserving characteristics. A statistical analysis is developed for the class of …

Go to article

Lum Filters: A Class Of Rank-Order-Based Filters For Smoothing And Sharpening, Russell Hardie, Charles Boncelet

Russell C. Hardie

A new class of rank-order-based filters, called lower-upper-middle (LUM) filters, is introduced. The output of these filters is determined by comparing a lower- and an upper-order statistic to the middle sample in the filter window. These filters can be designed for smoothing and sharpening, or outlier rejection. The level of smoothing done by the filter can range from no smoothing to that of the medianfilter. This flexibility allows the LUM filter to be designed to best balance the tradeoffs between noisesmoothing and signal detail preservation. LUM filters for enhancing edge gradients can be designed to be insensitive to low levels …

Go to article

Infrared Image Registration And High-Resolution Reconstruction Using Multiple Translationally Shifted Aliased Video Frames, Mohammad Alam, John Bognar, Russell Hardie, Brian Yasuda

Russell C. Hardie

Forward looking infrared (FLIR) detector arrays generally produce spatially undersampled images because the FLIR arrays cannot be made dense enough to yield a sufficiently high spatial sampling frequency. Multi-frame techniques, such as microscanning, are an effective means of reducing aliasing and increasing resolution in images produced by staring imaging systems. These techniques involve interlacing a set of image frames that have been shifted with respect to each other during acquisition. The FLIR system is mounted on a moving platform, such as an aircraft, and the vibrations associated with the platform are used to generate the shifts. Since a fixed number …

Go to article

Spectral Band Selection And Classifier Design For A Multispectral Imaging Laser Radar, Russell Hardie, Mohan Vaidyanathan, Paul Mcmanamon

Russell C. Hardie

A statistical spectral band selection procedure and classifiers for an active multispectral laser radar (LADAR) sensor are described. The sensor will operate in the 1 to 5 mm wavelength region. The algorithms proposed are tested using library reflectance spectra for some representative background materials. The material classes considered include both natural (vegetation and soil) and man-made (camouflage cloth and tar-asphalt). The analysis includes noise statistics due to Gaussian receiver noise and target induced speckle variations in the LADAR return signal intensity. The results of this analysis are then directly applied to an artificially generated spatial template of a scene consisting …

Go to article

Hybrid Order Statistic Filter And Its Application To Image Restoration, Elizabeth Thompson, Russell Hardie, Kenneth Barner

Russell C. Hardie

We introduce a new nonlinear filter for signal and image restoration, the hybrid order statistic (HOS) filter. Because it exploits both rank- and spatial-order information, the HOS realizes the advantages of nonlinear filters in edge preservation and reduction of impulsive noise components while retaining the ability of the linear filter to suppress Gaussian noise. We show that the HOS filter exhibits improved performance over both the linear Wiener and the nonlinear L filters in reducing mean-squared error in the presence of contaminated Gaussian noise. In many cases it also performs favorably compared with the Ll and rank-conditioned rank selection filters.

Go to article

Application Of Multi-Frame High-Resolution Image Reconstruction To Digital Microscopy, Frank Baxley, Russell Hardie

Russell C. Hardie

A high-resolution image reconstruction algorithm previously used to improve undersampled infrared airborne imagery was applied to two different sets of digital microscopy images. One set is that of medical pap smear images, and the second set contains metallurgical micrographs. Both the pap smear images and the metallurgical micrographs are undersampled, thus causing loss of detail and aliasing artifacts. The algorithm minimizes the effects of aliasing and restores detail unobtainable through simple interpolation techniques. Both applications demonstrate improvement by use of the image reconstruction algorithm.

Go to article

Robust Phase-Unwrapping Algorithm Using A Spatial Binary-Tree Image Decomposition, Russell Hardie, Md. Younus, James Blackshire

Russell C. Hardie

The search for fast and robust phase-unwrapping algorithms remains an important problem in the development of real-time interferometric systems. Our phase-unwrapping approach uses a spatial binary-tree image decomposition to permit maximum parallelism in implementation. At each node in the tree structure, a single unwrapping decision is made between two image blocks. The unwrapping rule is derived from a statistical-estimation framework. Specifically, a maximum-likelihood estimate of the demodulation term is used. This term can be viewed as that which minimizes a discontinuity-penalizing cost function. We show that the algorithm exhibits a high level of robustness. Quantitative measures of performance are provided, …

Go to article

Scene-Based Nonuniformity Correction With Video Sequences And Registration, Russell Hardie, Majeed Hayat, Ernest Armstrong, Brian Yasuda

Russell C. Hardie

We describe a new, to our knowledge, scene-based nonuniformity correction algorithm for array detectors. The algorithm relies on the ability to register a sequence of observed frames in the presence of the fixed-pattern noise caused by pixel-to-pixel nonuniformity. In low-to-moderate levels of nonuniformity, sufficiently accurate registration may be possible with standard scene-based registration techniques. If the registration is accurate, and motion exists between the frames, then groups of independent detectors can be identified that observe the same irradiance ~or true scene value!. These detector outputs are averaged to generate estimates of the true scene values. With these scene estimates, and …

Go to article

A Post-Processing Technique For Extending Depth Of Focus In Conventional Optical Microscopy, Taufiq Widjanarko, Russell Hardie

Russell C. Hardie

In this paper, we propose a post-processing technique to obtain optical microscope images with extended depth of focus using a conventional microscope. With the proposed technique, we collect a sequence of images focused at different depths. We then combine the in-focus regions of each acquired frame to compose a single all-in-focus image. That is, a new image with extended depth of focus is obtained. The key to such an algorithm is in selecting the “in-focus” regions from each frame. In this paper, we describe the technique used to identify the in-focus region on every depth slice. Quantitative simulation results are …

Go to article

Application Of The Stochastic Mixing Model To Hyperspectral Resolution Enhancement, Michael Eismann, Russell Hardie

Russell C. Hardie

A maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation method is described for enhancing the spatial resolution of a hyperspectral image using a higher resolution coincident panchromatic image. The approach makes use of a stochastic mixing model (SMM) of the underlying spectral scene content to develop a cost function that simultaneously optimizes the estimated hyperspectral scene relative to the observed hyperspectral and panchromatic imagery, as well as the local statistics of the spectral mixing model. The incorporation of the stochastic mixing model is found to be the key ingredient for reconstructing subpixel spectral information in that it provides the necessary constraints that lead …

Go to article

Performance Analysis Of A New Computer Aided Detection System For Identifying Lung Nodules On Chest Radiographs, Russell Hardie, Steven Rogers, Terry Wilson, Adam Rogers

Russell C. Hardie

A new computer aided detection (CAD) system is presented for the detection of pulmonary nodules on chest radiographs. Here, we present the details of the proposed algorithm and provide a performance analysis using a publicly available database to serve as a benchmark for future research efforts. All aspects of algorithm training were done using an independent dataset containing 167 chest radiographs with a total of 181 lung nodules. The publicly available test set was created by the Standard Digital Image Database Project Team of the Scientific Committee of the Japanese Society of Radiological Technology (JRST). The JRST dataset used here …

Go to article

Stochastic Spectral Unmixing With Enhanced Endmember Class Separation, Michael Eismann, Russell Hardie

Russell C. Hardie

Improvements to an algorithm for performing spectral unmixing of hyperspectral imagery based on the stochastic mixing model (SMM) are presented. The SMM provides a method for characterizing both subpixel mixing of the pure image constituents, or endmembers, and statistical variation in the endmember spectra that is due, for example, to sensor noise and natural variability of the pure constituents. Modifications of the iterative, expectation maximization approach to deriving the SMM parameter estimates are proposed, and their effects on unmixing performance are characterized. These modifications specifically concern algorithm initialization, random class assignment, and mixture constraints. The results show that the enhanced …

Go to article

An Algebraic Algorithm For Nonuniformity Correction In Focal-Plane Arrays, Bradley Ratliff, Majeed Hayat, Russell Hardie

Russell C. Hardie

A scene-based algorithm is developed to compensate for bias nonuniformity in focal-plane arrays. Nonuniformity can be extremely problematic, especially for mid- to far-infrared imaging systems. The technique is based on use of estimates of interframe subpixel shifts in an image sequence, in conjunction with a linear-interpolation model for the motion, to extract information on the bias nonuniformity algebraically. The performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed by using real infrared and simulated data. One advantage of this technique is its simplicity; it requires relatively few frames to generate an effective correction matrix, thereby permitting the execution of frequent on-the-fly nonuniformity …

Go to article

Subspace Partition Weighted Sum Filters For Image Restoration, Yong Lin, Russell Hardie, Kenneth Barner

Russell C. Hardie

The previously proposed partition-based weighted sum (PWS) filters combine vector quantization (VQ) and linear finite impulse response (FIR) Wiener filtering concepts. By partitioning the observation space and applying a tuned Wiener filter to each partition, the PWS is spatially adaptive and has been shown to perform well in noise reduction applications. In this letter, we propose the subspace PWS (SPWS) filter and evaluate the efficacy of the SPWS filter in image deconvolution and noise reduction applications. In the SPWS filter, we project the observation vectors into a subspace using principal component analysis (PCA), or other methods, prior to partitioning. This …

Go to article

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Parallel Computation In Communication And Signal Processing, Amean Al_Safi, Bradley Bazuin, Liqaa Alhafadhi

Amean S Al_Safi

Review Of Emg-Based Speech Recognition, Amean Al_Safi, Liqaa Alhafadhi

Amean S Al_Safi

Rational Design Of Mixed Ionic And Electronic Conducting Perovskite Oxides For Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Materials: A Case Study For Doped Srtio3, Suwit Suthirakun, Guoliang Xiao, Salai Ammal, Fanglin Chen, Hans-Conrad Zur Loye, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

Origin Of The Unique Activity Of Pt/Tio2 Catalysts For The Water–Gas Shift Reaction, Salai Ammal, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

Theoretical Investigation Of H2 Oxidation On The Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6 (001) Perovskite Surface Under Anodic Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Conditions, S. Suthirakun, Salai Ammal, A. Muñoz-García, G. Xiao, Fanglin Chen, Hans-Conrad Zur Loye, E. Carter, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

Obtaining Mixed Ionic/Electronic Conductivity In Perovskite Oxides In A Reducing Environment: A Computational Prediction For Doped Srtio3, S. Suthirakun, Salai Ammal, G. Xiao, Fanglin Chen, Kevin Huang, Hans-Conrad Zur Loye, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

Mechanism Of Sulfur Poisoning Of Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6-Δ Perovskite Anode Under Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Conditions, Eric Walker, Salai Ammal, Suwit Suthirakun, Fanglin Chen, Gabriel Terejanu, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

L-Shaped Three-Center Two-Electron (C−C−C)+ Bonding Array, N. Yoshikai, Salai Ammal, E. Nakamura

Salai C. Ammal

Dynamics-Driven Reaction Pathway In An Intramolecular Rearrangement, Salai Ammal, H. Yamataka, M. Aida, M. Dupuis

Salai C. Ammal

Integrated Computational Chemistry System For Catalysts Design, Salai Ammal, S. Takami, M. Kubo, A. Miyamoto

Salai C. Ammal

On The Importance Of Metal–Oxide Interface Sites For The Water–Gas Shift Reaction Over Pt/Ceo2 Catalysts, S. Aranifard, Salai Ammal, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

Synergistic Dimetallic Effects In Propargylic Substitution Reaction Catalyzed By Thiolate-Bridged Diruthenium Complex, Salai Ammal, N. Yoshikai, Y. Inada, Y. Nishibayashi, E. Nakamura

Salai C. Ammal

Combinatorial Computational Chemistry Approach To The Design Of Metal Oxide Electronics Materials, B. Rodion, Salai Ammal, Y. Inaba, Y. Oumi, S. Takami, M. Kubo, A. Miyamoto, M. Kawasaki, M. Yoshimoto, H. Koinuma

Salai C. Ammal

Density Functional Theory Study On The Electronic Structure Of N- And P-Type Doped Srtio3 At Anodic Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Conditions, S. Suthirakun, Salai Ammal, G. Xiao, Fanglin Chen, Hans-Conrad Zur Loye, Andreas Heyden

Salai C. Ammal

Spatial-Rank Order Selection Filters, Kenneth Barner, Russell Hardie

Russell C. Hardie

Gradient-Based Edge Detection Using Nonlinear Edge-Enhancing Prefilters, Russell Hardie, Charles Boncelet

Russell C. Hardie

Ranking In Rp And Its Use In Multivariate Image Estimation, Russell Hardie, Gonzalo Arce

Russell C. Hardie

Lum Filters: A Class Of Rank-Order-Based Filters For Smoothing And Sharpening, Russell Hardie, Charles Boncelet

Russell C. Hardie

Infrared Image Registration And High-Resolution Reconstruction Using Multiple Translationally Shifted Aliased Video Frames, Mohammad Alam, John Bognar, Russell Hardie, Brian Yasuda

Russell C. Hardie

Spectral Band Selection And Classifier Design For A Multispectral Imaging Laser Radar, Russell Hardie, Mohan Vaidyanathan, Paul Mcmanamon

Russell C. Hardie

Hybrid Order Statistic Filter And Its Application To Image Restoration, Elizabeth Thompson, Russell Hardie, Kenneth Barner

Russell C. Hardie

Application Of Multi-Frame High-Resolution Image Reconstruction To Digital Microscopy, Frank Baxley, Russell Hardie

Russell C. Hardie

Robust Phase-Unwrapping Algorithm Using A Spatial Binary-Tree Image Decomposition, Russell Hardie, Md. Younus, James Blackshire

Russell C. Hardie

Scene-Based Nonuniformity Correction With Video Sequences And Registration, Russell Hardie, Majeed Hayat, Ernest Armstrong, Brian Yasuda

Russell C. Hardie

A Post-Processing Technique For Extending Depth Of Focus In Conventional Optical Microscopy, Taufiq Widjanarko, Russell Hardie

Russell C. Hardie

Application Of The Stochastic Mixing Model To Hyperspectral Resolution Enhancement, Michael Eismann, Russell Hardie

Russell C. Hardie

Performance Analysis Of A New Computer Aided Detection System For Identifying Lung Nodules On Chest Radiographs, Russell Hardie, Steven Rogers, Terry Wilson, Adam Rogers

Russell C. Hardie

Stochastic Spectral Unmixing With Enhanced Endmember Class Separation, Michael Eismann, Russell Hardie

Russell C. Hardie

An Algebraic Algorithm For Nonuniformity Correction In Focal-Plane Arrays, Bradley Ratliff, Majeed Hayat, Russell Hardie

Russell C. Hardie

Subspace Partition Weighted Sum Filters For Image Restoration, Yong Lin, Russell Hardie, Kenneth Barner

Russell C. Hardie