Engineering Commons^™

Design And Applications Of Fmoc-Histidine And Aspartic Acid Tripeptides As Proton Conductive Materials, Shejla S. Pollozi

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The increasing demand for clean and sustainable energy has driven forward rapid improvements in polymer-electrolyte fuel cells and the use of ion-conducting polymers (ionomers) as proton exchange membranes and catalyst binders. While perfluorinated electrolytes have been commercially used as conductive membranes for nearly four decades, a new class of sustainable, conductive materials has emerged, inspired by the efficiency of charge transport processes in biological systems. These molecules, knows as peptide amphiphiles (PAs), have gained popularity as building blocks for the bottom-up fabrication of nanomaterials through supramolecular self-assembly. Supramolecular nanostructures, often in the form of hydrogels, are held together via non-covalent …

Towards Machine Learning-Based Fpga Backend Flow: Challenges And Opportunities, Imran Taj, Umer Farooq

All Works

Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is at the core of System on Chip (SoC) design across various Industry 5.0 digital systems—healthcare devices, farming equipment, autonomous vehicles and aerospace gear to name a few. Given that pre-silicon verification using Computer Aided Design (CAD) accounts for about 70% of the time and money spent on the design of modern digital systems, this paper summarizes the machine learning (ML)-oriented efforts in different FPGA CAD design steps. With the recent breakthrough of machine learning, FPGA CAD tasks—high-level synthesis (HLS), logic synthesis, placement and routing—are seeing a renewed interest in their respective decision-making steps. We focus …

Skeleton-Based Hand Gesture Recognition Using Data-Level Fusion, Oluwaleke Yusuf

Theses and Dissertations

Hand Gesture Recognition (HGR) is a form of perceptual computing that allows artificial systems to capture and interpret human gestures. HGR has applications in human-machine interaction, virtual reality, augmented reality, and human behavior analysis. The human hand can assume a near-infinite number of poses and orientations to form myriad gestures, thus increasing the difficulty of the HGR task.

The hand skeleton of connected joints effectively describes the hand’s geometric shape and thus contains richer semantic gesture information while eliminating noise from individual differences in physical hand characteristics. The efficacy and computational efficiency of skeleton-based HGR frameworks can be significantly enhanced …

Polyethersulfone Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membrane Embedded With Amine-Functionalized Graphene Oxide For Desalination Applications, Ahmed Bahaeldin

Theses and Dissertations

Thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) desalination membranes were prepared based on a polyethersulfone (PES) support, where the polyamide (PA) layer was embedded with amine-functionalized graphene oxide (GO). The effect of adding various concentrations of functionalized and un-functionalized GO on the desalination performance, hydrophilicity, and morphology of the membranes was additionally assessed throughout this work. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements were used to assess the morphology of the membranes in combination with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. Contact angle measurements were used to gauge the hydrophilicity of the synthesized membranes. The membrane with the best desalination performance contained 1x10^-3 wt/vol% of functionalized GO in …

A Novel Approach For Optimal Sizing Of Stand-Alone Solar Pv Systems With Power Quality Considerations, Aakash Hassan, Octavian Bass, Yasir M. Al-Abdeli, Martin Masek, Mohammad A. S. Masoum

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Designing reliable and cost-effective solar PV systems with compliance to national and international power quality standards is critical for their economical, efficient, and safe operation. The conventional approaches currently being used to optimally size the solar PV systems generally ignore power quality criteria during the initial design phase. This paper fills this gap by presenting a novel Genetic Algorithm (GA) based strategy to design a stand-alone solar PV system featuring optimal system size with conformance to power quality standards. MATLAB/Simulink environment was used to develop a detailed model of solar PV system, including a robust control mechanism for maximum power …

Electromagnetic Theory And Applications, Nicholas Madamopoulos, George Kliros

Open Educational Resources

This book intends to provide both the fundamentals of Electromagnetics but also some practical applications of the concepts covered. Having taught electromagnetics for several years, the authors feel that many times the field of electromagnetics comes as “old” and often times students do not appreciate the concepts and their importance in everyday applications. The authors intend to accompany the EM concepts with life applications. Hence, students may see the direct impact of the knowledge they acquire through the study of the field of electromagnetics and better appreciate the field.

Recent Advances In Exploring Highly Active & Durable Pgm-Free Oxygen Reduction Catalysts, Yuan Li, Miao-Ying Chen, Bang-An Lu, Jia-Nan Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

In order to reduce the considerable usage of expensive but scarce platinum at the cathode in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), it is necessary to pursue alternatives to platinum. The most promising platinum group metal (PGM)-free catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are atomically dispersed, and nitrogen-coordinated metal site catalysts denoted as M-N-C (M = Fe, Co, or Mn, etc.). Over the last few decades, there have been great advances in these catalysts with high ORR activity and promising initial fuel cell performance approaching traditional Pt/C catalysts. However, the stability of these highly active Fe-N-C catalysts under practical fuel …

Research Progress In Cucurbit[N]Uril-Based Metal Nanomaterials For Electrocatalytic Applications, Zong-Nan Wei, Min-Na Cao, Rong Cao

Journal of Electrochemistry

Metal nanomaterials have exhibited excellent performance in electrocatalytic applications, but they still face the problems of poor stability and limited regulation strategies. It is an efficient strategy for greatly enhanced catalytic activity and stability by introducing a second component. In this review, we provide the sketch for the combination of metal nanomaterials and cucurbit[n]urils (CB[n]s) in electrocatalytic applications. CB[n]s are a series of macrocycles with rigid structure, high stability, and function groups for coordinating with metal sites, which make them promising to stabilize and modulate the metal nanomaterials for ideal performance. The discussion classifies the roles of CB[n]s, involving CB[n]s …

Electrochemical Oxidation Of Ethylene On Palladium Electrode, Wei-Xing Wu, Ying Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical oxidation of C₂H₄ is attracting increasing attention due to its vast potential market. The current electrochemical methods rely on the use of redox mediators, which may produce corrosive intermediates, while direct oxidation is still limited by its low activity and selectivity. Herein, we conducted electrochemical studies to obtain mechanistic insights into the benchmark Pd catalyst. The generated Pd(II) could be the active site for C₂H₄ oxidation. By designing the pulse sequence, we found the ratio of strongly and weakly adsorbed C₂H₄ on Pd to be 0.3:1. The result we …

Supperlattice-Like Structure: Ordered Mass Transfer Endowing High Quality Output Of Fuel Cell, Jian Wang, Wen-Hui Xuan, Qian He, Jing-Xia Jiang, Yuan-Yuan Zhou, Yao Nie, Qiang Liao, Min-Hua Shao, Wei Ding, Zi-Dong Wei

Journal of Electrochemistry

The current or voltage fluctuation in fuel cell operation is harmful to the fuel cell system and power application equipment. Here, we report a technique to eliminate such a fluctuation by the aid of new type of catalysts, superlattice-like mesoporous PtCo catalysts. The current fluctuation in fuel cells catalyzed by two invented catalysts are fixed at as low as 25 mA·cm⁻² with a power of 0.75 W·cm⁻² or 120 mA·cm⁻² with a power of 1.01 W·cm⁻², and no noticeable current decay was detected over 100 h. By contrast, a …

Preface To Special Issue: Electrocatalysis And Electrosynthesis, Fang-Yi Cheng, Shuang-Yin Wang, Tian-Hua Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

Toward Sustainable Emerging Economics Based On Industry 5.0: Leveraging Neutrosophic Theory In Appraisal Decision Framework, Mona Mohamed, Abduallah Gamal

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Entrepreneurs in emerging economies (EEs) need to expand to survive in a climate of intense competition. Additionally, it must be innovative, imaginative, and open to absorbing new business techniques. Prior studies proved that Entrepreneur’s success hinges on its capacity to deliver innovative items through employing cutting-edge technologies more quickly than its rivals. In recent decades, digitization—the widespread use of connected digital services by governments, businesses, and consumers—has emerged as a major economic engine that spurs expansion and makes it easier to create jobs. For instance, the next major technological shift is thought to be Industry 5.0 (Ind 5.0). In contrast …

Toward Sustainable Emerging Economics Based On Industry 5.0: Leveraging Neutrosophic Theory In Appraisal Decision Framework, Mona Mohamed, Abduallah Gamal

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Entrepreneurs in emerging economies (EEs) need to expand to survive in a climate of intense competition. Additionally, it must be innovative, imaginative, and open to absorbing new business techniques. Prior studies proved that Entrepreneur’s success hinges on its capacity to deliver innovative items through employing cutting-edge technologies more quickly than its rivals. In recent decades, digitization—the widespread use of connected digital services by governments, businesses, and consumers—has emerged as a major economic engine that spurs expansion and makes it easier to create jobs. For instance, the next major technological shift is thought to be Industry 5.0 (Ind 5.0). In contrast …

Completeness Of Nominal Props, Samuel Balco, Alexander Kurz

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

We introduce nominal string diagrams as string diagrams internal in the category of nominal sets. This leads us to define nominal PROPs and nominal monoidal theories. We show that the categories of ordinary PROPs and nominal PROPs are equivalent. This equivalence is then extended to symmetric monoidal theories and nominal monoidal theories, which allows us to transfer completeness results between ordinary and nominal calculi for string diagrams.

Inspection Assignment Form For Product Quality Control Using Neutrosophic Logic, Maissam Jdid, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

During the production process, production companies need to monitor the finished products and ensure their quality, which imposes on them the appointment of inspectors for auditing, and this appointment costs the company amounts that affect the general profit, so it strives to make this cost as low as possible and that the audit process is carried out with high accuracy because in case that the finished products do not conform to the basic specifications of the product, the company is required to pay a fine. In this research, we will formulate the text of the problem appropriately for such a …

Time Domain Reflectometry Waveform Interpretation With Convolutional Neural Networks, Zhuangji Wang, Shan Hua, Dennis Timlin, Yuki Kojima, Songtao Lu, Wenguang Sun, David Fleisher, Robert Horton, Vangimalla R. Reddy, Katherine Tully

Nebraska Water Center: Faculty Publications

Interpreting time domain reflectometry (TDR) waveforms obtained in soils with non-uniform water content is an open question. We design a new TDR waveform interpretation model based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that can reveal the spatial variations of soil relative permittivity and water content along a TDR sensor. The proposed model, namely TDR-CNN, is constructed with three modules. First, the geometrical features of the TDR waveforms are extracted with a simplified version of VGG16 network. Second, the reflection positions in a TDR waveform are traced using a 1D version of the region proposal network. Finally, the soil relative permittivity values …

Lysine Crosslinked Polyacrylamide─A Novel Green Polymer Gel For Preferential Flow Control, Tao Song, Baojun Bai, Yugandhara Eriyagama, Thomas P. Schuman

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Acrylamide-based polymer gels have been applied to control the preferential flow in the subsurface for decades. However, some commonly used crosslinkers, such as Cr (III) and phenol-formaldehyde, are highly toxic and are being phased out because of stringent environmental regulations. This work uses l-lysine as the green crosslinker to produce acrylamide-based polymer gels. This article systematically studied the effect of lysine and polymer concentration, salinity, pH, and temperature on gelation behavior and thermal stability. Besides, the gelation mechanism and crosslinking density were elucidated in this work. A high-permeability sandstone core was used to test the plugging efficiency of this novel …

Inspection Assignment Form For Product Quality Control Using Neutrosophic Logic, Maissam Jdid, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

During the production process, production companies need to monitor the finished products and ensure their quality, which imposes on them the appointment of inspectors for auditing, and this appointment costs the company amounts that affect the general profit, so it strives to make this cost as low as possible and that the audit process is carried out with high accuracy because in case that the finished products do not conform to the basic specifications of the product, the company is required to pay a fine. In this research, we will formulate the text of the problem appropriately for such a …

First-Principles Molecular Dynamics Study Of Liquid Iron-Rich Alloys Under Conditions Of The Earth’S Core, Dipendra Banjara

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

In this dissertation, we report the results of the first-principles molecular dynamics (FPMD) simulations and data analysis on the thermodynamic, structural, and transport properties of iron-rich metallic liquids considering several light and heavy elements under wide ranges of pressure and temperature that are relevant to the earth’s core. Our simulations of pure liquid iron cover the pressure range from 0 GPa at 2000 K to 380 GPa at 7000 K perhaps representing the most extensive computational study to date. We studied four molten iron-rich alloys corresponding to 2.67 atom% of Ni, Co, Mo, and W at pressures up to 380 …

An Integrated Neutrosophic Regional Management Ranking Method For Agricultural Water Management, Ahmed Abdel-Monem, Nada A. Nabeeh, Mohamed Abouhawwash

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

The development of global warming adaptation principles is a crucial issue to resilience to climate change. Due to the consequences of global warming on land and water management. The persistence to determine the adaptation procedures is a demanded challenging process corresponding to the current climate change issues. Climate change has a direct impact on the water cycle that results in unpredictable cases of pollution and rare of water. In order to provide viable options for enormous-scale water supply structures, the study presents a new planning approach that incorporates multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM). The agriculture water management (AWM) relies on MCDM with …

An Integrated Neutrosophic Regional Management Ranking Method For Agricultural Water Management, Ahmed Abdel-Monem, Nada A. Nabeeh, Mohamed Abouhawwash

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

The development of global warming adaptation principles is a crucial issue to resilience to climate change. Due to the consequences of global warming on land and water management. The persistence to determine the adaptation procedures is a demanded challenging process corresponding to the current climate change issues. Climate change has a direct impact on the water cycle that results in unpredictable cases of pollution and rare of water. In order to provide viable options for enormous-scale water supply structures, the study presents a new planning approach that incorporates multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM). The agriculture water management (AWM) relies on MCDM with …

Development Opportunities And Technical Challenges Of Industrialization For Hydrogen Production From Bio-Ethanol Reforming, Xue Han, Hong He, Guojun Yue, Hailong Lin, Jinsong Liu, Bin Yu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Bio-ethanol reforming for hydrogen production, using renewable raw materials and adopting mature and efficient chemical processes, is an important source of green hydrogen supply to achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Bio-ethanol is a widely used substitute for fossil fuels. With the continuous progress of cellulosic ethanol technology in recent years, bio-ethanol will gradually break through the constraints of starch-based raw material supply. Based on the industrialization achievements of hydrogen production and bio-ethanol, bio-ethanol reforming can realize a rapid linkage with the existing hydrogen energy industry. However, the existence of a carbon-carbon signal bond in ethanol poses …

Workforce Of The Future Begins With Aviation Stem, Lyndsay Digneo

National Training Aircraft Symposium (NTAS)

The United States has always been a world leader in aviation. This leadership position relies on the strength of the American STEM workforce and the quality of the nation’s educational, industrial, and government institutions. Therefore, it is imperative to nurture today’s students to become a well-trained STEM workforce in the future.

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) William J. Hughes Technical Center (WJHTC) recognizes that in pursuing its mission of aviation research, engineering, development, and test and evaluation, it is in a unique position to support aviation STEM activities for schools (K-12), post-secondary institutions, and community organizations. In 2016, the Technical …

A Bidirectional Deep Lstm Machine Learning Method For Flight Delay Modelling And Analysis, Desmond B. Bisandu, Irene Moulitsas

National Training Aircraft Symposium (NTAS)

Flight delays can be prevented by providing a reference point from an accurate prediction model because predicting flight delays is a problem with a specific space. Only a few algorithms consider predicted classes' mutual correlation during flight delay classification or prediction modelling tasks. None of these existing methods works for all scenarios. Therefore, the need to investigate the performance of more models in solving the problem of flight delay is vast and rapidly increasing. This paper presents the development and evaluation of LSTM and BiLSTM models by comparing them for a flight delay prediction. The LSTM does the feature extraction …

Integrated Organizational Machine Learning For Aviation Flight Data, Michael J. Pritchard, Paul Thomas, Eric Webb, Jon Martin, Austin Walden

National Training Aircraft Symposium (NTAS)

An increased availability of data and computing power has allowed organizations to apply machine learning techniques to various fleet monitoring activities. Additionally, our ability to acquire aircraft data has increased due to the miniaturization of small form factor computing machines. Aircraft data collection processes contain many data features in the form of multivariate time-series (continuous, discrete, categorical, etc.) which can be used to train machine learning models. Yet, three major challenges still face many flight organizations 1) integration and automation of data collection frameworks, 2) data cleanup and preparation, and 3) embedded machine learning framework. Data cleanup and preparation has …

Research On Mixed Flow Line Balancing And Scheduling Optimization With Multiple Constraints, Zhenping Li, Ying Shi, Lingyun Wu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Aiming at the phenomena of unbalanced load between stations and product accumulation caused by unreasonable design of mixed flow line in G enterprise, based on the matching relationship between processes and stations, cycle time, process priority and other constraint, with the objectives of reducing the number of stations, balancing the workload between stations, and reducing the products waiting time, a multi-objective mixed integer programming model for mixed flow line balance and product scheduling problem is established. A hierarchical algorithm and a hybrid heuristic algorithm are designed respectively; the accuracy of the hierarchical algorithm is verified by small-scale …

Research On Modeling And Simulation Of Application Efficiency Of Tactical Medical Equipment, Guowei Lu, Xueqiang Tao, Deguang Duan, Hao Li, Zerui Zhang, En Chen

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In view of the lack of effective modeling and simulation means for the current research on the application efficiency of tactical medical treatment equipment in our army, a modeling and simulation research framework for the application effectiveness of equipment through the wounded model, equipment model and evaluation model is constructed. Based on the multi-agent method in Anylogic8.7.0 modeling and simulation platform, the casualty generation and its circulation process among medical treatment equipment are simulated. In the context of a tactical medical exercis, the overall support capability of medical treatment equipment is evaluated scientifically and quantitatively, and the key equipment …

Development Opportunities And Application Prospects Of Aero-Engine Simulation Technology Under Digital Transformation, Jianguo Cao

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The development of China's social economy and the improvement of its national defense capability in the new era put forward higher requirements for the development of aero-engines. It is urgent to promote the digital transformation of aero-engines in order to achieve coordinated, agile and efficient aero-engine development. Based on the current research and development of aero-engine in China, this paper clarifies the new connotation of "speediness and efficiency, accurate mapping, comprehensive coverage, and dynamic prediction" given by the development of emerging cutting-edge technologies to aero-engine simulation technology, as well as the new technical features of "spatio-temporal ubiquity, data driven, …

Research On Vr Experience Comfort Based On Motion Perception, Wei Quan, Chao Wang, Xuena Geng, Cheng Han

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: A VR video comfort evaluation model based on motion perception is proposed for viewers who will feel discomfort such as vertigo and nausea after a virtual reality (VR) experience. By performing dense optical flow estimation on stereoscopic VR video and calculating the video frame velocity matrix by analyzing the horizontal and vertical motions in the scene, the frame acceleration feature extraction methods based on frame difference method and based on time domain are proposed. Taking the extracted velocity, acceleration and other motions features as input, a model is established using the support vector regression algorithm, and VR video experience …

Research On Intelligent Prediction Method Of Wargaming Air Mission, Dayong Zhang, Jingyu Yang, Xi Wu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The efficient, accurate and automatic judgment of the combat mission or intention of the enemy's air targets in the battlefield is the basis of situation awareness and the key to the allocation of auxiliary combat resources. Combined with the calculation characteristics of feed forward deep neural network and long-term and short-term memory network model, two targeted basic index learners are designed, and then the weighted combination is carried out according to the cross entropy of the basic index, which can be used to further train the evaluation index of the learner. It can not only effectively prevent the model …